TY  - JOUR
A1  - Nguyen, Hung M.
A1  - Schippers, Jos H. M.
A1  - Goni-Ramos, Oscar
A1  - Christoph, Mathias P.
A1  - Dortay, Hakan
A1  - van der Hoorn, Renier A. L.
A1  - Müller-Röber, Bernd
T1  - An upstream regulator of the 26S proteasome modulates organ size in Arabidopsis thaliana
JF  - The plant journal
N2  - In both animal and plant kingdoms, body size is a fundamental but still poorly understood attribute of biological systems. Here we report that the Arabidopsis NAC transcription factor Regulator of Proteasomal Gene Expression' (RPX) controls leaf size by positively modulating proteasome activity. We further show that the cis-element recognized by RPX is evolutionarily conserved between higher plant species. Upon over-expression of RPX, plants exhibit reduced growth, which may be reversed by a low concentration of the pharmacological proteasome inhibitor MG132. These data suggest that the rate of protein turnover during growth is a critical parameter for determining final organ size.
KW  - Arabidopsis thaliana
KW  - organ size
KW  - evolution
KW  - leaf development
KW  - proteasome
KW  - gene regulatory network
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.12097
SN  - 0960-7412
VL  - 74
IS  - 1
SP  - 25
EP  - 36
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Uestuen, Suayib
A1  - Börnke, Frederik
T1  - Interactions of Xanthomonas type-III effector proteins with the plant ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like pathways
JF  - Frontiers in plant science
N2  - In eukaryotes, regulated protein turnover is required during many cellular processes, including defense against pathogens. Ubiquitination and degradation of ubiquitinated proteins via the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is the main pathway for the turnover of intracellular proteins in eukaryotes. The extensive utilization of the UPS in host cells makes it an ideal pivot for the manipulation of cellular processes by pathogens. Like many other Gram-negative bacteria, Xanthomonas species secrete a suite of type-III effector proteins (T3Es) into their host cells to promote virulence. Some of these T3Es exploit the plant UPS to interfere with immunity. This review summarizes T3E examples from the genus Xanthomonas with a proven or suggested interaction with the host UPS or UPS-like systems and also discusses the apparent paradox that arises from the presence of T3Es that inhibit the UPS in general while others rely on its activity for their function.
KW  - Xanthomonas
KW  - type-III effector
KW  - ubiquitin
KW  - proteasome
KW  - plant defense
Y1  - 2014
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2014.00736
SN  - 1664-462X
VL  - 5
PB  - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wendler, Petra
A1  - Enenkel, Cordula
T1  - Nuclear Transport of Yeast Proteasomes
JF  - Frontiers in molecular biosciences
N2  - Proteasomes are key proteases in regulating protein homeostasis. Their holo-enzymes are composed of 40 different subunits which are arranged in a proteolytic core (CP) flanked by one to two regulatory particles (RP). Proteasomal proteolysis is essential for the degradation of proteins which control time-sensitive processes like cell cycle progression and stress response. In dividing yeast and human cells, proteasomes are primarily nuclear suggesting that proteasomal proteolysis is mainly required in the nucleus during cell proliferation. In yeast, which have a closed mitosis, proteasomes are imported into the nucleus as immature precursors via the classical import pathway. During quiescence, the reversible absence of proliferation induced by nutrient depletion or growth factor deprivation, proteasomes move from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. In the cytoplasm of quiescent yeast, proteasomes are dissociated into CP and RP and stored in membrane-less cytoplasmic foci, named proteasome storage granules (PSGs). With the resumption of growth, PSGs clear and mature proteasomes are transported into the nucleus by Blm10, a conserved 240 kDa protein and proteasome-intrinsic import receptor. How proteasomes are exported from the nucleus into the cytoplasm is unknown.
KW  - proteasome
KW  - nuclear transport
KW  - importin
KW  - karyopherin
KW  - Blm10
KW  - proteasome storage granules
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2019.00034
SN  - 2296-889X
VL  - 6
PB  - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY  - Lausanne
ER  -