TY  - JOUR
A1  - Fayyaz, Susann
A1  - Japtok, Lukasz
A1  - Kleuser, Burkhard
T1  - Divergent role of sphingosine 1-Phosphate on insulin resistance
JF  - Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology
N2  - Insulin resistance is a complex metabolic disorder in which insulin-sensitive tissues fail to respond to the physiological action of insulin. There is a strong correlation of insulin resistance and the development of type 2 diabetes both reaching epidemic proportions. Dysfunctional lipid metabolism is a hallmark of insulin resistance and a risk factor for several cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. Numerous studies in humans and rodents have shown that insulin resistance is associated with elevations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) in the plasma. Moreover, bioactive lipid intermediates such as diacylglycerol (DAG) and ceramides appear to accumulate in response to NEFA, which may interact with insulin signaling. However, recent work has also indicated that sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), a breakdown product of ceramide, modulate insulin signaling in different cell types. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge about S1P and insulin signaling in insulin sensitive cells. A specific focus is put on the action of S1P on hepatocytes, pancreatic beta-cells and skeletal muscle cells. In particular, modulation of S1P-signaling can be considered as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
KW  - Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P)
KW  - Insulin resistance
KW  - Ceramides
KW  - Diacylglycerol (DAG)
KW  - Non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA)
KW  - Hepatocytes
KW  - Pancreatic cells
KW  - Skeletal muscle cells
Y1  - 2014
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1159/000362990
SN  - 1015-8987
SN  - 1421-9778
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
SP  - 134
EP  - 147
PB  - Karger
CY  - Basel
ER  -