TY  - JOUR
A1  - Intziegianni, Konstantina
A1  - Cassel, Michael
A1  - Rauf, S.
A1  - White, S.
A1  - Rector, Michael V.
A1  - Kaplick, Hannes
A1  - Wahmkow, Gunnar
A1  - Kratzenstein, S.
A1  - Mayer, Frank
T1  - Influence of Age and Pathology on Achilles Tendon Properties During a Single-leg Jump
JF  - International journal of sports medicine
N2  - Prevalence of Achilles tendinopathy increases with age leading to a weaker tendon with predisposition to rupture. Conclusive evidence of the influence of age and pathology on Achilles tendon (AT) properties remains limited, as previous studies are based on standardized isometric conditions. The study investigates the influence of age and pathology on AT properties during single-leg vertical jump (SLVJ). 10 children (C), 10 asymptomatic adults (A), and 10 tendinopathic patients (T) were included. AT elongation [mm] from rest to maximal displacement during a SLVJ on a force-plate was sonographically assessed. AT compliance [mm/N]) and strain [%] was calculated by dividing elongation by peak ground reaction force [N] and length, respectively. One-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post-hoc correction (=0.05) were used to compare C with A and A with T. AT elongation (p=0.004), compliance (p=0.001), and strain were found to be statistically significant higher in C (27 +/- 3mm, 0.026 +/- 0.006[mm/N], 13 +/- 2%) compared to A (21 +/- 4mm, 0.017 +/- 0.005[mm/N], 10 +/- 2%). No statistically significant differences (p0.05) was found between A and T (25 +/- 5mm, 0.019 +/- 0.004[mm/N], 12 +/- 3%). During SLVJ, tendon responded differently in regards to age and pathology with children having the most compliant AT. Higher compliance found in healthy tendons might be considered as a protective factor against load-related injuries.
KW  - children
KW  - tendinopathy
KW  - compliance
KW  - dynamic
KW  - ultrasonography
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-108198
SN  - 0172-4622
SN  - 1439-3964
VL  - 37
SP  - 973
EP  - 978
PB  - Thieme
CY  - Stuttgart
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Cassel, Michael
A1  - Baur, Heiner
A1  - Hirschmueller, Anja
A1  - Carlsohn, Anja
A1  - Fröhlich, Katja
A1  - Mayer, Frank
T1  - Prevalence of Achilles and patellar tendinopathy and their association to intratendinous changes in adolescent athletes
JF  - Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
N2  - Achilles (AT) and patellar tendons (PT) are commonly affected by tendinopathy in adult athletes but prevalence of symptoms and morphological changes in adolescents is unclear. The study aimed to determine prevalence of tendinopathy and intratendinous changes in ATs and PTs of adolescent athletes. A total of 760 adolescent athletes (13.0 +/- 1.9 years; 160 +/- 13cm; 50 +/- 14kg) were examined. History, local clinical examination, and longitudinal Doppler ultrasound analysis for both ATs and PTs were performed including identification of intratendinous echoic changes and vascularization. Diagnosis of tendinopathy was complied clinically in case of positive history of tendon pain and tendon pain on palpation. Achilles tendinopathy was diagnosed in 1.8% and patellar tendinopathy in 5.8%. Vascularizations were visible in 3.0% of ATs and 11.4% of PTs, hypoechogenicities in 0.7% and 3.2% as well as hyperechogenicities in 0% and 0.3%, respectively. Vascularizations and hypoechogenicities were statistically significantly more often in males than in females (P0.02). Subjects with patellar tendinopathy had higher prevalence of structural intratendinous changes than those without PT symptoms (P0.001). In adolescent athletes, patellar tendinopathy is three times more frequent compared with Achilles tendinopathy. Longitudinal studies are necessary to investigate physiological or pathological origin of vascularizations and its predictive value in development of tendinopathy.
KW  - Prevalence
KW  - tendinopathy
KW  - sonography
KW  - Doppler ultrasound
KW  - vascularization
KW  - hypoechogenicities
KW  - hyperechogenicities
KW  - adolescent athletes
Y1  - 2015
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12318
SN  - 0905-7188
SN  - 1600-0838
VL  - 25
IS  - 3
SP  - e310
EP  - e318
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
CY  - Hoboken
ER  -