TY  - JOUR
A1  - Frodl, Thomas
A1  - Janowitz, Deborah
A1  - Schmaal, Lianne
A1  - Tozzi, Leonardo
A1  - Dobrowolny, Henrik
A1  - Stein, Dan J.
A1  - Veltman, Dick J.
A1  - Wittfeld, Katharina
A1  - van Erp, Theo G. M.
A1  - Jahanshad, Neda
A1  - Block, Andrea
A1  - Hegenscheid, Katrin
A1  - Voelzke, Henry
A1  - Lagopoulos, Jim
A1  - Hatton, Sean N.
A1  - Hickie, Ian B.
A1  - Frey, Eva Maria
A1  - Carballedo, Angela
A1  - Brooks, Samantha J.
A1  - Vuletic, Daniella
A1  - Uhlmann, Anne
A1  - Veer, Ilya M.
A1  - Walter, Henrik
A1  - Schnell, Knut
A1  - Grotegerd, Dominik
A1  - Arolt, Volker
A1  - Kugel, Harald
A1  - Schramm, Elisabeth
A1  - Konrad, Carsten
A1  - Zurowski, Bartosz
A1  - Baune, Bernhard T.
A1  - van der Wee, Nic J. A.
A1  - van Tol, Marie-Jose
A1  - Penninx, Brenda W. J. H.
A1  - Thompson, Paul M.
A1  - Hibar, Derrek P.
A1  - Dannlowski, Udo
A1  - Grabe, Hans J.
T1  - Childhood adversity impacts on brain subcortical structures relevant to depression
JF  - Journal of psychiatric research
N2  - Childhood adversity plays an important role for development of major depressive disorder (MDD). There are differences in subcortical brain structures between patients with MDD and healthy controls, but the specific impact of childhood adversity on such structures in MDD remains unclear. Thus, aim of the present study was to investigate whether childhood adversity is associated with subcortical volumes and how it interacts with a diagnosis of MDD and sex. Within the ENIGMA-MDD network, nine university partner sites, which assessed childhood adversity and magnetic resonance imaging in patients with MDD and controls, took part in the current joint mega-analysis. In this largest effort world-wide to identify subcortical brain structure differences related to childhood adversity, 3036 participants were analyzed for subcortical brain volumes using FreeSurfer. A significant interaction was evident between childhood adversity, MDD diagnosis, sex, and region. Increased exposure to childhood adversity was associated with smaller caudate volumes in females independent of MDD. All subcategories of childhood adversity were negatively associated with caudate volumes in females - in particular emotional neglect and physical neglect (independently from age, ICV, imaging site and MDD diagnosis). There was no interaction effect between childhood adversity and MDD diagnosis on subcortical brain volumes. Childhood adversity is one of the contributors to brain structural abnormalities. It is associated with subcortical brain abnormalities that are relevant to psychiatric disorders such as depression. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
KW  - Depression
KW  - Childhood adversity
KW  - MRI
KW  - Caudate
KW  - Hippocampus
KW  - ENIGMA
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.11.010
SN  - 0022-3956
SN  - 1879-1379
VL  - 86
SP  - 58
EP  - 65
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Friedel, Eva
A1  - Sebold, Miriam
A1  - Kuitunen-Paul, Sören
A1  - Nebe, Stephan
A1  - Veer, Ilya M.
A1  - Zimmermann, Ulrich S.
A1  - Schlagenhauf, Florian
A1  - Smolka, Michael N.
A1  - Rapp, Michael A.
A1  - Walter, Henrik
A1  - Heinz, Andreas
T1  - How Accumulated Real Life Stress Experience and Cognitive Speed Interact on Decision-Making Processes
JF  - Frontiers in human neuroscienc
N2  - Rationale: Advances in neurocomputational modeling suggest that valuation systems for goal-directed (deliberative) on one side, and habitual (automatic) decision-making on the other side may rely on distinct computational strategies for reinforcement learning, namely model-free vs. model-based learning. As a key theoretical difference, the model-based system strongly demands cognitive functions to plan actions prospectively based on an internal cognitive model of the environment, whereas valuation in the model-free system relies on rather simple learning rules from operant conditioning to retrospectively associate actions with their outcomes and is thus cognitively less demanding. Acute stress reactivity is known to impair model-based but not model-free choice behavior, with higher working memory capacity protecting the model-based system from acute stress. However, it is not clear which impact accumulated real life stress has on model-free and model-based decision systems and how this influence interacts with cognitive abilities. Methods: We used a sequential decision-making task distinguishing relative contributions of both learning strategies to choice behavior, the Social Readjustment Rating Scale questionnaire to assess accumulated real life stress, and the Digit Symbol Substitution Test to test cognitive speed in 95 healthy subjects. Results: Individuals reporting high stress exposure who had low cognitive speed showed reduced model-based but increased model-free behavioral control. In contrast, subjects exposed to accumulated real life stress with high cognitive speed displayed increased model-based performance but reduced model-free control. Conclusion: These findings suggest that accumulated real life stress exposure can enhance reliance on cognitive speed for model-based computations, which may ultimately protect the model-based system from the detrimental influences of accumulated real life stress. The combination of accumulated real life stress exposure and slower information processing capacities, however, might favor model-free strategies. Thus, the valence and preference of either system strongly depends on stressful experiences and individual cognitive capacities.
KW  - chronic stress
KW  - model-based learning
KW  - model-free learning
KW  - decision making
KW  - cognitive speed
KW  - real-life events
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2017.00302
SN  - 1662-5161
VL  - 11
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
PB  - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Fischer, Martin H.
A1  - Shaki, Samuel
T1  - Implicit Spatial-Numerical Associations: Negative Numbers and the Role of Counting Direction
JF  - Journal of experimental psychology : Human perception and performance
N2  - It has been debated whether negative number concepts are cognitively represented on the same mental number line as positive number concepts. The present study reviews this debate and identifies limitations of previous studies. A method with nonspatial stimuli and responses is applied to overcome these limitations and to document a systematic implicit association of negative numbers with left space, thus indicating a leftward extension of the mental number line. Importantly, this result only held for left-to-right counting adults. Implications for the experiential basis of abstract conceptual knowledge are discussed.
KW  - negative numbers
KW  - counting direction
KW  - embodied cognition
KW  - IAT
KW  - SNARC effect
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1037/xhp0000369
SN  - 0096-1523
SN  - 1939-1277
VL  - 43
SP  - 639
EP  - 643
PB  - American Psychological Association
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Fatfouta, Ramzi
A1  - Zeigler-Hill, Virgil
A1  - Schröder-Abe, Michela
T1  - I’m merciful, am I not?
BT  - Facets of narcissism and forgiveness revisited
JF  - Journal of research in personality
N2  - Narcissists are said to be particularly unforgiving, yet previous research remains inconclusive. This is likely because most previous studies focused on narcissism as a unitary construct, thereby neglecting its multiple facets. The present study (N = 1101) thus aimed to clarify the nuanced associations between different facets of narcissism and forgiveness, the latter being assessed via self-report and non-self-report measures. The results of a structural equation model (SEM) showed that antagonistic aspects of narcissism were negatively correlated with explicit forgiveness. Importantly, agentic as well as communal aspects of narcissism were positively correlated with explicit forgiveness. Aspects of narcissistic personality were not correlated with implicit forgiveness. Results suggest that not all facets of narcissism are associated with an unforgiving stance.
KW  - Narcissism
KW  - Forgiveness
KW  - Social relationships
KW  - Narcissistic entitlement
KW  - Conflict
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2017.07.007
SN  - 0092-6566
SN  - 1095-7251
VL  - 70
SP  - 166
EP  - 173
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - San Diego
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Fatfouta, Ramzi
A1  - Schröder-Abe, Michela
T1  - I can see clearly now
BT  - clarity of transgression-related motivations
JF  - Personality and individual differences : an international journal of research into the structure and development of personality, and the causation of individual differences
N2  - Past research has revealed that narcissists lack forgiveness. However, little is known about factors that might either buffer or, more critically, enhance the link between narcissism and lack of forgiveness. To address this gap in the literature, the present studies focused on the moderating role of clarity of transgression-related motivations. In an original and a replication study (Ns = 509 and 532, respectively), participants rated their levels of narcissistic admiration and rivalry and recalled a personal episode in which someone had hurt them. Subsequently, participants reported on their lack of forgiveness toward their transgressor. Response speed to these ratings served as an indirect clarity measure, with faster responses indicating greater clarity. In both studies, narcissistic rivalry (but not admiration) was positively related to lack of forgiveness and this relationship was stronger among individuals who were clear about their transgression-related motivations. Results inform our understanding of socio-emotional factors that contribute to narcissists' lack of forgiveness following interpersonal hurt.
KW  - Narcissism
KW  - Forgiveness
KW  - Interpersonal transgressions
KW  - Social relationships
KW  - Indirect measurement
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.10.010
SN  - 0191-8869
VL  - 105
SP  - 280
EP  - 286
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Fatfouta, Ramzi
T1  - To be alone or not to be alone? Facets of narcissism and preference for solitude
JF  - Personality and individual differences : an international journal of research into the structure and development of personality, and the causation of individual differences
KW  - Narcissism
KW  - Self-esteem
KW  - Personality
KW  - Social relationships
KW  - Preference for solitude
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.03.047
SN  - 0191-8869
VL  - 114
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Esser, Günter
A1  - Schmidt, Martin H.
T1  - Die Mannheimer Risikokinderstudie
T1  - The Mannheim Study of Children at Risk
BT  - Idee, Ziele und Design
BT  - Concept, Aims, and Design
JF  - Kindheit und Entwicklung
N2  - Die Mannheimer Risikokinderstudie untersucht die psychische Entwicklung und ihre Störungen bei Kindern mit unterschiedlich ausgeprägten Risiken mit dem Ziel, Empfehlungen für die Verbesserung der Prävention, Früherkennung und Frühbehandlung von psychischen Störungen bei Kindern abzuleiten. Dazu begleitet sie eine Kohorte von anfangs 384 Kindern in ihrer Entwicklung von der Geburt bis zum Erwachsenenalter. Die Erhebungen fanden in regelmäßigen Abständen statt, beginnend im Alter von 3 Monaten, mit 2 Jahren, 4;6, 8, 11, 15, 19, 22, 23 und 25 Jahren. Geplant ist eine weitere Erhebung mit ca. 30 Jahren.
N2  - The Mannheim Study of Children at Risk investigates psychological development and its disorders in children with different risks with the aim of delineating recommendations for improvements of prevention, early identification, and treatment of psychiatric disorders in children. Assessments are conducted at regular intervals, starting at the age of 3 months and then at 2, 4.5, 8, 11, 15, 19, 22, 23, and 25 years. The next assessment is planned for the age of about 30 years.
KW  - risk research
KW  - developmental psychopathology
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1026/0942-5403/a000232
SN  - 0942-5403
SN  - 2190-6246
VL  - 26
SP  - 198
EP  - 202
PB  - Hogrefe
CY  - Göttingen
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Esser, Günter
A1  - Reich, Stefanie
A1  - Wagener, Nina
A1  - Hösch, Ingrid
A1  - Ihle, Wolfgang
A1  - Laucht, Manfred
T1  - PoKI: Potsdamer Kinder-Interview für 6- bis 12-Jährige
BT  - Manual
Y1  - 2017
PB  - Hogrefe
CY  - Göttingen
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Esaulova, Yulia
A1  - Reali, Chiara
A1  - von Stockhausen, Lisa
T1  - Prominence of gender cues in the assignment of thematic roles in German
JF  - Applied psycholinguistics : psychological and linguistic studies across languages and learners
N2  - Two eye-tracking experiments examined influences of grammatical and stereotypical gender cues on the assignment of thematic roles in German. Participants (N-1 = 32, N-2 = 40) read sentences with subject- and object-extracted relative clauses, where thematic agents and patients remained ambiguous until the end of the relative clause. The results reveal a linguistic gender bias: agent roles are assigned more easily to grammatically masculine than feminine role nouns and stereotypically neutral than female ones. The opposite pattern is observed in the assignment of patient roles for stereotypical but not grammatical gender. The findings are discussed within the framework of situation model theories as well as in constraint-based and similarity-based interference accounts, while gender is viewed as a dimension of prominence.
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1017/S014271641700008X
SN  - 0142-7164
SN  - 1469-1817
VL  - 38
SP  - 1133
EP  - 1172
PB  - Cambridge Univ. Press
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Endrejat, Paul C.
A1  - Baumgarten, Franz
A1  - Kauffeld, Simone
T1  - When theory meets practice
BT  - Combining Lewin’s Ideas about Change with Motivational Interviewing to Increase Energy-Saving Behaviours Within Organizations
JF  - Journal of Change Management
N2  - Although more than seven decades have passed since Lewin laid the foundation for how employees’ behaviour could be changed within organizations, his ideas are far from being obsolescent. Accordingly, this article demonstrates how Lewin’s concepts can still be of use in tackling current issues (i.e. the need to raise energy-saving behaviours within organizations). In order to revive Lewin’s concepts, we combine his approaches on organization change with Motivational Interviewing (MI), a facilitation approach that fits well with his democratic and participatory mind-set. After a theoretical consideration of how Lewin’s ideas could be accompanied by MI principles, we outline a practical concept for raising the level of employees’ energy-saving behaviours to a higher standard. The usefulness of our concept is highlighted on the basis of qualitative (a force field analysis) and quantitative (an increase of energy-saving norms and – behaviours) data. Lewin’s legacy for current organization development, and the theoretical as well as practical implications for how his ideas could be applied through a combination with MI practices, are discussed.
KW  - Kurt Lewin
KW  - field theory
KW  - group dynamics
KW  - motivational interviewing
KW  - energy-saving
KW  - organization development
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1080/14697017.2017.1299372
SN  - 1469-7017
SN  - 1479-1811
VL  - 17
IS  - 2
SP  - 101
EP  - 120
PB  - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
CY  - Abingdon
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Drosselmeyer, Julia
A1  - Jacob, Louis
A1  - Rathmann, Wolfgang
A1  - Rapp, Michael A.
A1  - Kostev, Karel
T1  - Depression risk in patients with late-onset rheumatoid arthritis in Germany
JF  - Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation
N2  - The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of depression and its risk factors in patients with late-onset rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated in German primary care practices. Longitudinal data from general practices (n=1072) throughout Germany were analyzed. Individuals initially diagnosed with RA (2009-2013) were identified, and 7301 patients were included and matched (1:1) to 7301 controls. The primary outcome measure was the initial diagnosis of depression within 5 years after the index date in patients with and without RA. Cox proportional hazards models were used to adjust for confounders. The mean age was 72.2 years (SD: 7.6 years). A total of 34.9 % of patients were men. Depression diagnoses were present in 22.0 % of the RA group and 14.3 % of the control group after a 5-year follow-up period (p < 0.001). In the multivariate regression model, RA was a strong risk factor for the development of depression (HR: 1.55, p < 0.001). There was significant interaction of RA and diagnosed inflammatory polyarthropathies (IP) (RA*IP interaction: p < 0.001). Furthermore, dementia, cancer, osteoporosis, hypertension, and diabetes were associated with a higher risk of developing depression (p values < 0.001). The risk of depression is significantly higher in patients with late-onset RA than in patients without RA for subjects treated in primary care practices in Germany. RA patients should be screened routinely for depression in order to ensure improved treatment and management.
KW  - Late-onset rheumatoid arthritis
KW  - Depression
KW  - Primary care
KW  - Risk factors
KW  - Germany
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-016-1387-2
SN  - 0962-9343
SN  - 1573-2649
VL  - 26
IS  - 2
SP  - 437
EP  - 443
PB  - Springer
CY  - Dordrecht
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Cassel, Michael
A1  - Intziegianni, Konstantina
A1  - Risch, Lucie
A1  - Mueller, Steffen
A1  - Engel, Tilman
A1  - Mayer, Frank
T1  - Physiological Tendon Thickness Adaptation in Adolescent Elite Athletes: A Longitudinal Study
JF  - Frontiers in physiology
N2  - Increased Achilles (AT) and Patellar tendon (PT) thickness in adolescent athletes compared to non-athletes could be shown. However, it is unclear, if changes are of pathological or physiological origin due to training. The aim of this study was to determine physiological AT and PT thickness adaptation in adolescent elite athletes compared to non-athletes, considering sex and sport. In a longitudinal study design with two measurement days (M1/M2) within an interval of 3.2 +/- 0.8 years, 131 healthy adolescent elite athletes (m/f: 90/41) out of 13 different sports and 24 recreationally active controls (m/f: 6/18) were included. Both ATs and PTs were measured at standardized reference points. Athletes were divided into 4 sport categories [ball (B), combat (C), endurance (E) and explosive strength sports (S)]. Descriptive analysis (mean SD) and statistical testing for group differences was performed (cy = 0.05). AT thickness did not differ significantly between measurement days, neither in athletes (5.6 +/- 0.7 mm/5.6 +/- 0.7 mm) nor in controls (4.8 +/- 0.4 mm/4.9 +/- 0.5 mm, p > 0.05). For PTs, athletes presented increased thickness at M2 (Ml: 3.5 +/- 0.5 mm, M2: 3.8 +/- 0.5 mm, p < 0.001). In general, males had thicker ATs and PTs than females (p < 0.05). Considering sex and sports, only male athletes from B, C, and S showed significant higher PT-thickness at M2 compared to controls (p <= 0.01). Sport-specific adaptation regarding tendon thickness in adolescent elite athletes can be detected in PTs among male athletes participating in certain sports with high repetitive jumping and strength components. Sonographic microstructural analysis might provide an enhanced insight into tendon material properties enabling the differentiation of sex and influence of different sports.
KW  - Achilles and patellar tendon
KW  - training adaptation
KW  - sonography
KW  - young athletes
KW  - non-athletes
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2017.00795
SN  - 1664-042X
VL  - 8
SP  - 599
EP  - 611
PB  - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Busching, Robert
A1  - Krahé, Barbara
T1  - The contagious effect of deviant behavior in adolescence
BT  - a longitudinal multilevel study
JF  - Social psychological and personality science
N2  - This article investigated how the development of deviant behavior in adolescence is influenced by the variability of deviant behavior in the peer group. Based on the social information-processing (SIP) model, we predicted that peer groups with a low variability of deviant behavior (providing normative information that is easy to process) should have a main effect on the development of adolescents’ deviant behavior over time, whereas peer groups in which deviant behavior is more variable (i.e., more difficult to process) should primarily impact the deviant behavior of initially nondeviant classroom members. These hypotheses were largely supported in a multilevel analysis using self-reports of deviant behavior in a sample of 16,891 adolescents in 1,308 classes assessed at two data waves about 1-year apart. The results demonstrate the advantages of studying cross-level interactions to clarify the impact of the peer environment on the development of deviant behavior in adolescence.
KW  - multilevel analyses
KW  - peer influences
KW  - deviant behavior
KW  - gender
KW  - adolescence
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550617725151
SN  - 1948-5506
SN  - 1948-5514
VL  - 9
IS  - 7
SP  - 815
EP  - 824
PB  - Sage Publ.
CY  - Thousand Oaks
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Brand, Ralf
A1  - Ekkekakis, Panteleimon
T1  - Affective-Reflective Theory of physical inactivity and exercise
T1  - Die Affective-Reflective Theory zur Erklärung von körperlicher Inaktivität und Sporttreiben
BT  - Foundations and preliminary evidence
BT  - Grundlagen und erste Studienergebnisse
JF  - German Journal of Exercise and Sport Research
N2  - This article introduces a new theory, the Affective-Reflective Theory (ART) of physical inactivity and exercise. ART aims to explain and predict behavior in situations in which people either remain in a state of physical inactivity or initiate action (exercise). It is a dual-process model and assumes that exercise-related stimuli trigger automatic associations and a resulting automatic affective valuation of exercise (type-1 process). The automatic affective valuation forms the basis for the reflective evaluation (type-2 process), which can follow if self-control resources are available. The automatic affective valuation is connected with an action impulse, whereas the reflective evaluation can result in action plans. The two processes, in constant interaction, direct the individual towards or away from changing behavior. The ART of physical inactivity and exercise predicts that, when there is an affective-reflective discrepancy and self-control resources are low, behavior is more likely to be governed by the affective type-1 process. This introductory article explains the underlying concepts and main theoretical roots from which the ART of physical inactivity and exercise was developed (field theory, affective responses to exercise, automatic evaluation, evaluation-behavior link, dual-process theorizing). We also summarize the empirical tests that have been conducted to refine the theory in its present form.
KW  - Motivation
KW  - Implicit
KW  - Explicit
KW  - Dual system
KW  - Self-control
KW  - Motivation
KW  - Implizit
KW  - Explizit
KW  - Zwei-System-Theorien
KW  - Selbstkontrolle
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12662-017-0477-9
SN  - 2509-3142
SN  - 2509-3150
VL  - 48
IS  - 1
SP  - 48
EP  - 58
PB  - Springer
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bondü, Rebecca
A1  - Sahyazici-Knaak, Fidan
A1  - Esser, Günter
T1  - Long-Term Associations of Justice Sensitivity, Rejection Sensitivity, and Depressive Symptoms in Children and Adolescents
JF  - Frontiers in psychology
N2  - Depressive symptoms have been related to anxious rejection sensitivity, but little is known about relations with angry rejection sensitivity and justice sensitivity. We measured rejection sensitivity, justice sensitivity, and depressive symptoms in 1,665 9-to-21-year olds at two points of measurement. Participants with high T1 levels of depressive symptoms reported higher anxious and angry rejection sensitivity and higher justice sensitivity than controls at T1 and T2. T1 rejection, but not justice sensitivity predicted T2 depressive symptoms; high victim justice sensitivity, however, added to the stabilization of depressive symptoms. T1 depressive symptoms positively predicted T2 anxious and angry rejection and victim justice sensitivity. Hence, sensitivity toward negative social cues may be cause and consequence of depressive symptoms and requires consideration in cognitive-behavioral treatment of depression.
KW  - justice sensitivity
KW  - rejection sensitivity
KW  - depressive symptoms
KW  - childhood
KW  - adolescence
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01446
SN  - 1664-1078
VL  - 8
PB  - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Arslan, Seckin
A1  - Felser, Claudia
T1  - Comprehension of wh-questions in Turkish-German bilinguals with aphasia
BT  - a dual-case study
JF  - Clinical linguistics & phonetics
N2  - The aim of our study was to examine the extent to which linguistic approaches to sentence comprehension deficits in aphasia can account for differential impairment patterns in the comprehension of wh-questions in bilingual persons with aphasia (PWA). We investigated the comprehension of subject and object wh-questions in both Turkish, a wh-in-situ language, and German, a wh-fronting language, in two bilingual PWA using a sentence-to-picture matching task. Both PWA showed differential impairment patterns in their two languages. SK, an early bilingual PWA, had particular difficulty comprehending subject which-questions in Turkish but performed normal across all conditions in German. CT, a late bilingual PWA, performed more poorly for object which-questions in German than in all other conditions, whilst in Turkish his accuracy was at chance level across all conditions. We conclude that the observed patterns of selective cross-linguistic impairments cannot solely be attributed either to difficulty with wh-movement or to problems with the integration of discourse-level information. Instead our results suggest that differences between our PWA’s individual bilingualism profiles (e.g. onset of bilingualism, premorbid language dominance) considerably affected the nature and extent of their impairments.
KW  - Bilingual aphasia
KW  - wh-questions
KW  - Turkish-German bilingualism
KW  - wh-in-situ
KW  - wh-movement
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1080/02699206.2017.1416493
SN  - 0269-9206
SN  - 1464-5076
VL  - 32
IS  - 7
SP  - 640
EP  - 660
PB  - Taylor & Francis Group
CY  - Philadelphia
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Anderson, Craig A.
A1  - Suzuki, Kanae
A1  - Swing, Edward L.
A1  - Groves, Christopher L.
A1  - Gentile, Douglas A.
A1  - Prot, Sara
A1  - Lam, Chun Pan
A1  - Sakamoto, Akira
A1  - Horiuchi, Yukiko
A1  - Krahé, Barbara
A1  - Jelic, Margareta
A1  - Wei Liuqing, 
A1  - Toma, Roxana
A1  - Warburton, Wayne A.
A1  - Zhang, Xue-Min
A1  - Tajima, Sachi
A1  - Qing, Feng
A1  - Petrescu, Poesis
T1  - Media Violence and Other Aggression Risk Factors in Seven Nations
JF  - Personality and social psychology bulletin
N2  - Cultural generality versus specificity of media violence effects on aggression was examined in seven countries (Australia, China, Croatia, Germany, Japan, Romania, the United States). Participants reported aggressive behaviors, media use habits, and several other known risk and protective factors for aggression. Across nations, exposure to violent screen media was positively associated with aggression. This effect was partially mediated by aggressive cognitions and empathy. The media violence effect on aggression remained significant even after statistically controlling a number of relevant risk and protective factors (e.g., abusive parenting, peer delinquency), and was similar in magnitude to effects of other risk factors. In support of the cumulative risk model, joint effects of different risk factors on aggressive behavior in each culture were larger than effects of any individual risk factor.
KW  - mass media
KW  - aggression
KW  - culture
KW  - ethnicity
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167217703064
SN  - 0146-1672
SN  - 1552-7433
VL  - 43
SP  - 986
EP  - 998
PB  - Sage Publ.
CY  - Thousand Oaks
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Adam, Maurits
A1  - Reitenbach, Ivanina
A1  - Elsner, Birgit
T1  - Agency cues and 11-month-olds’ and adults’ anticipation of action goals
JF  - Cognitive Development
N2  - For the processing of goal-directed actions, some accounts emphasize the importance of experience with the action or the agent. Other accounts stress the importance of agency cues. We investigated the impact of agency cues on 11-month-olds’ and adults’ goal anticipation for a grasping-action performed by a mechanical claw. With an eyetracker, we measured anticipations in two conditions, where the claw was displayed either with or without agency cues. In two experiments, 11-month-olds were predictive when agency cues were present, but reactive when no agency cues were presented. Adults were predictive in both conditions. Furthermore, 11-month-olds rapidly learned to predict the goal in the agency condition, but not in the mechanical condition. Adults’ predictions did not change across trials in the agency condition, but decelerated in the mechanical condition. Thus, agency cues and own action experience are important for infants’ and adults’ online processing of goal-directed actions by non-human agents.
KW  - Infants
KW  - Eyetracking
KW  - Action processing
KW  - Anticipatory gaze shifts
KW  - Agency
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogdev.2017.02.008
SN  - 0885-2014
SN  - 1879-226X
VL  - 43
SP  - 37
EP  - 48
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - New York
ER  -