TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wiemers, Michael
A1  - Bekkering, Harold
A1  - Lindemann, Oliver
T1  - Is more always up?
BT  - evidence for a preference of hand-based associations over vertical number mappings
JF  - Journal of cognitive psychology
N2  - It has been argued that the association of numbers and vertical space plays a fundamental role for the understanding of numerical concepts. However, convincing evidence for an association of numbers and vertical bimanual responses is still lacking. The present study tests the vertical Spatio-Numerical-Association-of-Response-Codes (SNARC) effect in a number classification task by comparing anatomical hand-based and spatial associations. A mixed effects model of linear spatial-numerical associations revealed no evidence for a vertical but clear support for an anatomical SNARC effect. Only if the task requirements prevented participants from using a number-hand association due to frequently alternating hand-to-button assignments, numbers were associated with the vertical dimension. Taken together, the present findings question the importance of vertical associations for the conceptual understanding of numerical magnitude as hypothesised by some embodied approaches to number cognition and suggest a preference for ego-over geocentric reference frames for the mapping of numbers onto space.
KW  - SNARC effect
KW  - embodied numerosity
KW  - numerical cognition
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2017.1302451
SN  - 2044-5911
SN  - 2044-592X
VL  - 29
IS  - 5
SP  - 642
EP  - 652
PB  - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
CY  - Abingdon
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shaki, Samuel
A1  - Fischer, Martin H.
T1  - Competing Biases in Mental Arithmetic
BT  - When Division Is More and Multiplication Is Less
JF  - Frontiers in human neuroscience
N2  - Mental arithmetic exhibits various biases. Among those is a tendency to overestimate addition and to underestimate subtraction outcomes. Does such “operational momentum” (OM) also affect multiplication and division? Twenty-six adults produced lines whose lengths corresponded to the correct outcomes of multiplication and division problems shown in symbolic format. We found a reliable tendency to over-estimate division outcomes, i.e., reverse OM. We suggest that anchoring on the first operand (a tendency to use this number as a reference for further quantitative reasoning) contributes to cognitive biases in mental arithmetic.
KW  - heuristics and biases
KW  - numerical cognition
KW  - mental arithmetic
KW  - mental number line
KW  - operational momentum
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2017.00037
SN  - 1662-5161
VL  - 11
PB  - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY  - Lausanne
ER  -