TY  - JOUR
A1  - Muckelbauer, Rebecca
A1  - Englert, Heike
A1  - Rieckmann, Nina
A1  - Chen, Chih-Mei
A1  - Wegscheider, Karl
A1  - Völler, Heinz
A1  - Katus, Hugo A.
A1  - Willich, Stefan N.
A1  - Müller-Nordhorn, Jacqueline
T1  - Long-term effect of a low-intensity smoking intervention embedded in an adherence program for patients with hypercholesterolemia: Randomized controlled trial
JF  - Preventive medicine : an international journal devoted to practice and theory
N2  - Objective. We evaluated the long-term effect of a smoking intervention embedded in an adherence program in patients with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease.
 Method. Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial: In 2002-2004,8108 patients with hypercholesterolemia were enrolled from general practices in Germany. Patients received a 12-month adherence program and statin medication (intervention) or statin medication only (control). The program aimed to improve adherence to medication and lifestyle by educational material, mailings, and phone calls. Smoking was self-reported at baseline and every 6 months during the 3-year follow-up.
 Results. In total, 7640 patients were analyzed. At baseline, smoking prevalence was 21.7% in the intervention and 21.5% in the control group. Prevalence decreased in both groups to 16.6% vs. 19.5%, 153% vs. 16.8%, and 14.2% vs. 15.6% at the 12-, 24-, and 36-month follow-up. The intervention had a beneficial effect on smoking differing over time (group x time: P = 0.005). The effect was largest after 6 and 12 months [odds ratios (95% confidence intervals): 0.67 (0.54-0.82) and 0.63 (0.51-0.78)]. The effect decreased until the 18-month follow-up [0.72 (0.58-0.90)] and was not significant after 24 months.
 Conclusion. A low-intensity smoking intervention embedded in an adherence program can contribute to smoking cessation although the intervention effect diminished over time. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
KW  - Smoking
KW  - Smoking cessation
KW  - Cardiovascular risk factors
KW  - Health promotion
KW  - Randomized controlled trial
KW  - Multiple risk factor intervention
KW  - Hypercholesterolemia
Y1  - 2015
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.05.026
SN  - 0091-7435
SN  - 1096-0260
VL  - 77
SP  - 155
EP  - 161
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - San Diego
ER  -