TY  - JOUR
A1  - Parfenteva, Olga
A1  - Groth, Detlef
A1  - Scheffler, Christiane
A1  - Zaharova, Maria F.
T1  - Influence of the A/T polymorphism of the FTO gene and sport specializations on the body composition of young Russian athletes
JF  - Journal of biological and clinical anthropology : Anthropologischer Anzeiger ; Mitteilungsorgan der Gesellschaft für Anthropologie
N2  - Background: The polymorphism in FTO gene (rs9939609) is known to be associated with higher BMI and body fat mass content. However, environmental factors can modify this effect. The purpose of the present study was to investigate an association between sport specialization and the rs9939609 SNP in FTO gene in the cohort of professional and amateur young athletes. Methods: A total number of 250 young individuals 8-18 years old living in Moscow or Moscow district participated in the study. Individuals were divided into 3 groups in accordance with their physical activity level: control group (n = 49), amateurs (n = 67) and professionals (n = 137). Amateur and professional athletes were subdivided into groups according to their sport specialization. Quantile regression was used as a regression model, where the dependent (outcome) variable was BMI, along with percentage of body fat mass, and the independent variables (predictors) were the rs9939609 SNP in FTO gene, physical activity (active versus inactive), sport specialization (aerobic, intermittent sports and martial arts), nationality, level of sport experience (in years), gender and percentage of free fat mass content. Results: The regression analysis revealed that physical activity and sport specialization had greater impact compared to FTO allele in the group of physically active individuals. Physical activity, in particular aerobic, had negative associations with body fat mass and BMI. The rs9939609 SNP in FTO gene is associated with physical activity and aerobic activity. The magnitude of association becomes significantly larger at the upper quantiles of the body fat mass distribution. Conclusion: Physical activity and sport specialization explained more variance in body composition of physically active young individuals compared to the FTO polymorphism. Effect of interaction of physical activity, in particular aerobic, with the FTO polymorphism on body composition of young athletes was found.
KW  - physical activity
KW  - professional and amateur athletes
KW  - children and adolescents
KW  - BMI
KW  - percentage of fat mass
KW  - FTO
KW  - aerobic sports activity
KW  - quantile regression
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/2019/0943
SN  - 0003-5548
VL  - 76
IS  - 5
SP  - 401
EP  - 408
PB  - Schweizerbart
CY  - Stuttgart
ER  -