TY  - JOUR
A1  - Berner, Nadine
A1  - Trauth, Martin H.
A1  - Holschneider, Matthias
T1  - Bayesian inference about Plio-Pleistocene climate transitions in Africa
JF  - Quaternary science reviews : the international multidisciplinary research and review journal
N2  - During the last 5 Ma the Earth's ocean-atmosphere system passed through several major transitions, many of which are discussed as possible triggers for human evolution. A classic in this context is the possible influence of the closure of the Panama Strait, the intensification of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation, a stepwise increase in aridity in Africa, and the first appearance of the genus Homo about 2.5 - 2.7 Ma ago. Apart from the fact that the correlation between these events does not necessarily imply causality, many attempts to establish a relationship between climate and evolution fail due to the challenge of precisely localizing an a priori unknown number of changes potentially underlying complex climate records. The kernel-based Bayesian inference approach applied here allows inferring the location, generic shape, and temporal scale of multiple transitions in established records of Plio-Pleistocene African climate. By defining a transparent probabilistic analysis strategy, we are able to identify conjoint changes occurring across the investigated terrigenous dust records from Ocean Drilling Programme (ODP) sites in the Atlantic Ocean (ODP 659), Arabian (ODP 721/722) and Mediterranean Sea (ODP 967). The study indicates a two-step transition in the African climate proxy records at (2.35-2.10) Ma and (1.70 - 1.50) Ma, that may be associated with the reorganization of the Hadley-Walker Circulation. .
KW  - Plio-Pleistocene
KW  - Hadley-Walker Circulation
KW  - climate transition
KW  - Bayesian inference
KW  - time series analysis
KW  - ODP 659
KW  - ODP 721/722
KW  - ODP 967
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.107287
SN  - 0277-3791
SN  - 1873-457X
VL  - 277
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Sandau, Ingo
A1  - Granacher, Urs
T1  - Long-term monitoring of training load, force-velocity profile, and Performance in elite weightlifters: a case series with two male Olympic athletes
JF  - Journal of strength and conditioning research : the research journal of the NSCA
N2  - The aim of this case series approach was to analyze weekly changes in force-velocity relationship (FvR) parameters ((v) over bar, (F) over bar (0), (P) over bar (max)) and theoretical snatch performance (snatchth) assessed through a specific snatch pull test in preparation of the European and World Championships in 2 male elite weightlifters. 
A second aim was to examine associations of training load (volume, volume load, average load), barbell -, and snatchth over a period of 2 macrocycles in preparation of the same competitions. FvR-parameters, snatchth, training load data, and body mass were assessed weekly over 40 weeks. 
Using the smallest real difference approach, significant (p <= 0.05) decreases in (v) over bar (0) and increases in (v) over bar, (F) over bar (0), (P) over bar (max), and snatchth were found within macrocycles. 
However, the large significant loss in body mass (approximate to 11%) in athlete 1 during macrocycle 2 represents most likely a main factor for diminished (P) over bar (max), and snatchth in macrocycle 2. 
Based on cross-correlation analyses, barbell FvR-parameters and snatchth were significantly (p <= 0.05) associated with maximal strength, muscle power, and speed training load variables. 
Moderate correlations (0.31-0.47) were found between training load and (P) over bar (max) and snatchth in athlete 2. It can be concluded that the applied training loads elicits improvements in <(P)(max) and snatchth because the athlete approached the main competitions. 
However, because of the large loss in body mass, the relations between training load and barbell FvR-parameters and snatchth were less clear in athlete 1. It seems that a loss in body mass as a result of a change in bodyweight category mitigates <(P)over bar>(max) development during the macrocycle and hindered to reach peak snatchth at the main competitions.
KW  - snatch
KW  - time series analysis
KW  - power
KW  - maximal strength
KW  - speed
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000004228
SN  - 1064-8011
SN  - 1533-4287
VL  - 36
IS  - 12
SP  - 3446
EP  - 3455
PB  - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
CY  - Philadelphia, Pa.
ER  -