TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schiefer, David
A1  - Krahé, Barbara
T1  - Ethnic identity and orientation to white American culture are linked to well-being among american indians-but in different ways
JF  - Social psychology
N2  - This study examined the relationship between ethnic identity, orientation toward the White mainstream culture, and psychological well-being among American Indians. In the light of the unique history of American Indians, we investigated the relationship between identification with the American Indian ingroup, orientation toward the dominant White American culture ( in terms of showing behavior typical for White mainstream culture as well as positive attitudes and feelings of belonging to White American culture), and self-efficacy and learned helplessness as indicators of psychological well-being. Structural equation analyses with an adolescent and an adult sample revealed a positive relationship between ethnic identity and self-efficacy but no link with learned helplessness. The tendency to show behavior typical for White mainstream culture was associated with higher self-efficacy in both samples and with lower helplessness in the adult subsample. White American orientation in the form of positive attitudes and sense of belonging were associated with higher helplessness in both samples and with lower self-efficacy among adults. The findings are discussed in terms of the role of both ethnic identity and the orientation toward the mainstream culture for well-being among American Indians, focusing on the distinct relations of White American behavior versus White American affiliation with well-being in American Indians.
KW  - American Indians
KW  - ethnic identity
KW  - acculturation
KW  - well-being
Y1  - 2014
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000155
SN  - 1864-9335
SN  - 2151-2590
VL  - 45
IS  - 1
SP  - 1
EP  - 14
PB  - Hogrefe
CY  - Göttingen
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schwarzenthal, Miriam
A1  - Juang, Linda P.
A1  - Schachner, Maja Katharina
A1  - van de Vijver, Fons J. R.
A1  - Handrick, Anna
T1  - From tolerance to understanding
BT  - exploring the development of intercultural competence in multiethnic contexts from early to late adolescence
JF  - Journal of community & applied social psychology
N2  - We investigated intercultural competence among immigrant and non-immigrant background adolescents in multiethnic schools in relation to intercultural contact, age, and ethnic identity exploration. The sample included 631 adolescents in Germany (49.4% of immigrant background, 48.2% female), aged 11 to 18 years (Mage = 13.69 years, SDage = 1.83). Intercultural competence was measured using a self-report questionnaire and situational judgment tests capturing the adolescents' interpretation of and reaction to intercultural conflicts. Intercultural contacts and ethnic identity exploration were measured using self-report questionnaires. Results showed that among immigrant and non-immigrant background adolescents, intercultural contact and ethnic identity exploration were positively related to different aspects of intercultural competence. As predicted, self-reported intercultural competence was unrelated to age in both groups, whereas this competence, as measured by the situational judgment tests, increased with age. Thus, learning about others (e.g., by engaging in intercultural contact) and learning about yourself (e.g., by exploring your own ethnic background) are both important for developing pivotal intercultural skills.
KW  - contact
KW  - cultural intelligence
KW  - ethnic identity
KW  - intercultural competence
KW  - multiethnic contexts
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/casp.2317
SN  - 1052-9284
SN  - 1099-1298
VL  - 27
SP  - 388
EP  - 399
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Hoboken
ER  -