TY - GEN A1 - von Hagen, Alexa A1 - Kohnen, Saskia A1 - Stadie, Nicole T1 - Foreign language attainment of children/adolescents with poor literacy skills BT - a systematic review and meta-analysis T2 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - This systematic review investigated how successful children/adolescents with poor literacy skills learn a foreign language compared with their peers with typical literacy skills. Moreover, we explored whether specific characteristics related to participants, foreign language instruction, and assessment moderated scores on foreign language tests in this population. Overall, 16 studies with a total of 968 participants (poor reader/spellers:n = 404; control participants:n = 564) met eligibility criteria. Only studies focusing on English as a foreign language were available. Available data allowed for meta-analyses on 10 different measures of foreign language attainment. In addition to standard mean differences (SMDs), we computed natural logarithms of the ratio of coefficients of variation (CVRs) to capture individual variability between participant groups. Significant between-study heterogeneity, which could not be explained by moderator analyses, limited the interpretation of results. Although children/adolescents with poor literacy skills on average showed lower scores on foreign language phonological awareness, letter knowledge, and reading comprehension measures, their performance varied significantly more than that of control participants. Thus, it remains unclear to what extent group differences between the foreign language scores of children/adolescents with poor and typical literacy skills are representative of individual poor readers/spellers. Taken together, our results indicate that foreign language skills in children/adolescents with poor literacy skills are highly variable. We discuss the limitations of past research that can guide future steps toward a better understanding of individual differences in foreign language attainment of children/adolescents with poor literacy skills. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 847 KW - poor literacy KW - dyslexia KW - foreign language KW - bilingualism KW - meta-analysis Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-539772 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Offrede, Tom F. A1 - Jacobi, Jidde A1 - Rebernik, Teja A1 - de Jong, Lisanne A1 - Keulen, Stefanie A1 - Veenstra, Pauline A1 - Noiray, Aude A1 - Wieling, Martijn T1 - The impact of alcohol on L1 versus L2 T2 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Alcohol intoxication is known to affect many aspects of human behavior and cognition; one of such affected systems is articulation during speech production. Although much research has revealed that alcohol negatively impacts pronunciation in a first language (L1), there is only initial evidence suggesting a potential beneficial effect of inebriation on articulation in a non-native language (L2). The aim of this study was thus to compare the effect of alcohol consumption on pronunciation in an L1 and an L2. Participants who had ingested different amounts of alcohol provided speech samples in their L1 (Dutch) and L2 (English), and native speakers of each language subsequently rated the pronunciation of these samples on their intelligibility (for the L1) and accent nativelikeness (for the L2). These data were analyzed with generalized additive mixed modeling. Participants' blood alcohol concentration indeed negatively affected pronunciation in L1, but it produced no significant effect on the L2 accent ratings. The expected negative impact of alcohol on L1 articulation can be explained by reduction in fine motor control. We present two hypotheses to account for the absence of any effects of intoxication on L2 pronunciation: (1) there may be a reduction in L1 interference on L2 speech due to decreased motor control or (2) alcohol may produce a differential effect on each of the two linguistic subsystems. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 848 KW - acute alcohol consumption KW - articulation KW - speech KW - bilingualism Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-540955 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 3 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Bommes, Michael A1 - Olfert, Helena A1 - Şimşek, Yazgül A1 - Mehlem, Ulrich A1 - Boneß, Anja A1 - Ayan, Müge A1 - Koçbaş, Dilara ED - Schroeder, Christoph ED - Sürig, Inken T1 - Literacy acquisition in schools in the context of migration and multilingualism T1 - Schriftspracherwerb in der Schule unter den Bedingungen von Migration und Mehrsprachigkeit BT - Research report (2007-2011) BT - Projektbericht (2007-2011) N2 - Literacy acquisition is one of the primary goals of school education, and usually it takes place in the national language of the respective country. At the same time, schools accommodate pupils with different home languages who might or might not be fluent in the national language and who start from other linguistic backgrounds in their acquisition of literacy. While it is safe to say that schools with a monolingual policy are not prepared to deal with the factual multilingualism in their classrooms in a systematic way, bilingual pupils have to deal with it nonetheless. The interdisciplinary and comparative research project “Literacy Acquisition in Schools in the Context of Migration and Multilingualism” (LAS) investigated the practical processes of literacy acquisition in two countries, Germany and Turkey, where the monolingual orientation of schools is as much a reality as are the multilingual backgrounds of many of their pupils. The basic assumption was that pupils cope with the ways they are engaged by the school – both socially and academically – based on their cultural and linguistic repertoires acquired biographically, providing them with more or less productive options regarding the acquisition of literary skills. By comparing the literary development of bilingual children with that of their monolingual classmates throughout one school year in the first and the seventh grade in Germany and Turkey, respectively, we found out that the restricting potential of multilingualism is located rather on the part of the schools than on the part of the pupils. While the individual bilingual pupil almost naturally uses his/her home language as a resource for literacy acquisition in the school language, schools still tend to regard the multilingual backgrounds of their pupils as irrelevant or even as an impediment to adequate schooling. We argue that by ignoring or even suppressing the specific linguistic potentials of bilingualism, bilingual pupils are put at a structural disadvantage. This research report is the slightly revised but full version of the final study project report from 2011 that was until now not available as a quotable publication. While several years have passed since the primary research was finalized, the addressed issues have lost none of their relevance. The report is accompanied by numerous publications in the frame of the LAS project, as well as by a web page (https://www.uni-potsdam.de/de/daf/projekte/las), which also contains the presentations from the final LAS-Conference, including valuable discussions of the report from renowed experts in the field. N2 - Der Erwerb von Schriftsprache ist eines der Hauptziele der schulischen Bildung und erfolgt in der Regel in der dominanten Sprache des jeweiligen Landes. Gleichzeitig haben viele Schülerinnen und Schüler eine andere Familiensprache als die Landessprache. Den Erwerb der Schriftsprache in der Landessprache gehen sie von einem anderen sprachlichen Hintergrund aus an als monolinguale Schülerinnen und Schüler. Die Schule ist mit ihrer monolingualen Politik weitestgehend nicht bereit, sich mit der faktischen Mehrsprachigkeit in ihren Klassenräumen systematisch umzugehen, die zweisprachigen Schülerinnen und Schüler selbst aber müssen sich damit auseinandersetzen. Das interdisziplinäre und vergleichende Forschungsprojekt "Literacy Acquisition in Schools in the Context of Migration and Multilingualism" (LAS) untersuchte die praktischen Prozesse des Schriftspracherwerbs in zwei Ländern, Deutschland und der Türkei, in denen die einsprachige Ausrichtung von Schulen ebenso Realität ist wie der mehrsprachige Hintergrund vieler ihrer Schülerinnen und Schüler. Die Grundannahme war, dass die Schülerinnen und Schüler auf der Grundlage ihres biographisch erworbenen kulturellen und sprachlichen Repertoires einen spezifischen Weg finden, mit den sprachlichen und sozialen Herausforderungen und Erwartungen der Schule zurecht zu kommen und mehr oder weniger produktive und kreative Wege des Schriftspracherwerbs entwickeln. Der in dem Projekt vorgenommene Vergleich des Schriftspracherwerbs zweisprachiger Kinder mit der ihren einsprachigen Klassenkameraden während eines Schuljahres in der ersten bzw. siebten Klasse in Deutschland und der Türkei zeigt, dass die Mehrsprachigkeit der Schülerinnen und Schüler eher ein Problem der Schule ist als eins der Schülerinnen und Schüler. Während der/die einzelne zweisprachige Schüler/in fast selbstverständlich seine/ihre Familiensprache als Ressource für den Schriftspracherwerb in der dominanten Schulsprache nutzt, neigen die Schulen immer noch dazu, den mehrsprachigen Hintergrund ihrer Schüler als irrelevant oder sogar als Hindernis für eine adäquate Schulbildung zu betrachten. Wir argumentieren, dass zweisprachige Schüler strukturell benachteiligt werden, wenn die Schule die spezifischen sprachlichen Potenziale der Zweisprachigkeit ignoriert oder sogar unterdrückt. Dieser Forschungsbericht ist die leicht revidierte, aber vollständige Version des Abschlussberichts der Studiengruppe aus dem Jahr 2011, der bisher nicht als zitierfähige Publikation verfügbar war. Obwohl seit dem Abschluss unserer Forschung mehrere Jahre vergangen sind, haben die behandelten Themen nichts von ihrer Relevanz verloren. Der Bericht wird begleitet von zahlreichen Publikationen im Rahmen des LAS-Projekts sowie von einer Webseite (https://www.uni-potsdam.de/de/daf/projekte/las), die auch die Präsentationen der abschliessenden LAS-Konferenz enthält, einschliesslich wertvoller Diskussionen des Berichts von namhaften Experten auf dem Gebiet der schulischen Bildung. KW - acqusition of literacy KW - school KW - second language acquisition KW - bilingualism KW - Turkish KW - German KW - Kurdish (Kurmanjî) KW - Schriftspracherwerb KW - Schule KW - Zweitspracherwerb KW - Zweisprachigkeit KW - Türkisch KW - Deutsch KW - Kurdisch (Kurmanji) Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-471793 ER -