TY  - JOUR
A1  - Seelig, Stefan A.
A1  - Rabe, Maximilian Michael
A1  - Malem-Shinitski, Noa
A1  - Risse, Sarah
A1  - Reich, Sebastian
A1  - Engbert, Ralf
T1  - Bayesian parameter estimation for the SWIFT model of eye-movement control during reading
JF  - Journal of mathematical psychology
N2  - Process-oriented theories of cognition must be evaluated against time-ordered observations. Here we present a representative example for data assimilation of the SWIFT model, a dynamical model of the control of fixation positions and fixation durations during natural reading of single sentences. First, we develop and test an approximate likelihood function of the model, which is a combination of a spatial, pseudo-marginal likelihood and a temporal likelihood obtained by probability density approximation Second, we implement a Bayesian approach to parameter inference using an adaptive Markov chain Monte Carlo procedure. Our results indicate that model parameters can be estimated reliably for individual subjects. We conclude that approximative Bayesian inference represents a considerable step forward for computational models of eye-movement control, where modeling of individual data on the basis of process-based dynamic models has not been possible so far.
KW  - dynamical models
KW  - reading
KW  - eye movements
KW  - saccades
KW  - likelihood function
KW  - Bayesian inference
KW  - MCMC
KW  - interindividual differences
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmp.2019.102313
SN  - 0022-2496
SN  - 1096-0880
VL  - 95
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - San Diego
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Risse, Sarah
A1  - Seelig, Stefan
T1  - Stable preview difficulty effects in reading with an improved variant of the boundary paradigm
JF  - The quarterly journal of experimental psychology
N2  - Using gaze-contingent display changes in the boundary paradigm during sentence reading, it has recently been shown that parafoveal word-processing difficulties affect fixations on words to the right of the boundary. Current interpretations of this post-boundary preview difficulty effect range from delayed parafoveal-on-foveal effects in parallel word-processing models to forced fixations in serial word-processing models. However, these findings are based on an experimental design that, while allowing to isolate preview difficulty effects, might have established a bias with respect to asymmetries in parafoveal preview benefit for high-frequent and low-frequent target words. Here, we present a revision of this paradigm varying the preview’s lexical frequency and keeping the target word constant. We found substantial effects of the preview difficulty in fixation durations after the boundary confirming that preview processing affects the oculomotor decisions not only via trans-saccadic integration of preview and target word information. An additional time-course analysis showed that the preview difficulty effect was significant across the full fixation duration distribution on the target word without any evidence on the pretarget word before the boundary. We discuss implications of the accumulating evidence of post-boundary preview difficulty effects for models of eye movement control during reading.
KW  - Eye tracking
KW  - reading
KW  - parafoveal preview benefit
KW  - delayed parafoveal-on-foveal effects
KW  - forced fixations
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1177/1747021818819990
SN  - 1747-0218
SN  - 1747-0226
VL  - 72
IS  - 7
SP  - 1632
EP  - 1645
PB  - Sage Publ.
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Risse, Sarah
T1  - Effects of visual span on reading speed and parafoveal processing in eye movements during sentence reading
JF  - Journal of vision
KW  - eyetracking
KW  - reading
KW  - visual span profiles
KW  - crowding
KW  - reading speed
KW  - preview benefit
KW  - parafoveal vision
Y1  - 2014
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1167/14.8.11
SN  - 1534-7362
VL  - 14
IS  - 8
PB  - Association for Research in Vision and Opthalmology
CY  - Rockville
ER  -