TY  - JOUR
A1  - Zhu, Chuanbin
A1  - Cotton, Fabrice
A1  - Kawase, Hiroshi
A1  - Händel, Annabel
A1  - Pilz, Marco
A1  - Nakano, Kenichi
T1  - How well can we predict earthquake site response so far?
BT  - site-specific approaches
JF  - Earthquake spectra : the professional journal of the Earthquake Engineering Research Institute
N2  - Earthquake site responses or site effects are the modifications of surface geology to seismic waves. How well can we predict the site effects (average over many earthquakes) at individual sites so far? To address this question, we tested and compared the effectiveness of different estimation techniques in predicting the outcrop Fourier site responses separated using the general inversion technique (GIT) from recordings. Techniques being evaluated are (a) the empirical correction to the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio of earthquakes (c-HVSR), (b) one-dimensional ground response analysis (GRA), and (c) the square-root-impedance (SRI) method (also called the quarter-wavelength approach). Our results show that c-HVSR can capture significantly more site-specific features in site responses than both GRA and SRI in the aggregate, especially at relatively high frequencies. c-HVSR achieves a "good match" in spectral shape at similar to 80%-90% of 145 testing sites, whereas GRA and SRI fail at most sites. GRA and SRI results have a high level of parametric and/or modeling errors which can be constrained, to some extent, by collecting on-site recordings.
KW  - Site response
KW  - site effects
KW  - HVSR
KW  - ground response analysis
KW  - square-root-impedance
KW  - earthquake
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1177/87552930211060859
SN  - 8755-2930
SN  - 1944-8201
VL  - 38
IS  - 2
SP  - 1047
EP  - 1075
PB  - Sage Publ.
CY  - Thousand Oaks
ER  -