TY - THES A1 - Dietrich, Irina T1 - Öffentliche Unternehmen in Deutschland : eine Analyse von Mikrodaten der amtlichen Statistik T1 - State-owned companies in Germany : an analysis of microdata from official statistics N2 - Die vorliegende Arbeit enthält eine statistische Analyse der Gesamtheit öffentlicher Unternehmen in Deutschland und ihrer wirtschaftlichen Lage. Für diese Untersuchung stand eine Datenbank für etwa 9000 öffentliche Unternehmen mit knapp 500 Merkmalen zur Verfügung, die im Wesentlichen den Posten der Jahresabschlüsse und verschiedenen Identifikationsmerkmalen (wie u. a. Unternehmenssitz, Wirtschaftszweig und Rechtsform) entsprechen. Die Analyse umfasst den Zeitraum von 1998 bis 2006. Die extrem umfangreiche Datengrundlage – Jahresabschlussstatistiken öffentlicher Unternehmen – ist für einen Statistiker eine große Versuchung. In der Arbeit wurden Methoden der beschreibenden Statistik und der Jahresabschlussanalyse mit Bilanzkennzahlen angewandt. Vor allem in den letzten zwanzig Jahren wurde die Entwicklung der Gesamtheit öffentlicher Unternehmen durch Wandelprozesse geprägt und von Diskussionen über ihre Leistungsfähigkeit begleitet. Die Dynamik der Gesamtheit öffentlicher Unternehmen zeigt sich v. a. an der Vielfalt ihrer Aufgabenbereiche und Organisationsformen. Daher wurde in dieser Arbeit versucht, zunächst eine Bestandsaufnahme des öffentlichen Unternehmensbereichs durchzuführen. Ein weiteres Ziel war die Beschreibung der Wirtschaftslage öffentlicher Unternehmen im letzten Jahrzehnt, wobei ihre Leistungsfähigkeit in den Vordergrund gestellt wird. Die Leistungsfähigkeit öffentlicher Unternehmen nur über die betriebswirtschaftliche Effizienz zu messen, ist gewiss einseitig und nicht ausreichend. Diese ließ sich aber im Vergleich zur volkswirtschaftlichen oder sozialen Effizienz leichter operationalisieren: Die betriebswirtschaftlichen Effizienzkriterien können gut aus den Jahresabschlüssen abgeleitet werden. Dadurch wird auch ein Vergleich mit privaten Unternehmen in gewissen Grenzen möglich. Die Beschreibung der Wirtschaftslage öffentlicher Unternehmen wurde als Analyse ihrer einzelnen Teillagen (Vermögens-, Finanz- und Ertragslage) strukturiert. Insgesamt unterstreicht die Analyse der Teillagen die enge Verflechtung zwischen öffentlichen Unternehmen und öffentlichen Haushalten. Die vorliegende Untersuchung soll die Forschung auf dem Gebiet der datengetriebenen Statistik, die im Universitätsbereich in letzten Jahren im Vergleich zur modellgetriebenen Statistik oft vernachlässigt wurde, ausweiten. N2 - This monograph deals with state-owned companies in Germany. The study focuses on a statistical analysis of all state-owned companies in Germany and their economic situation. Approximately 9,000 state-owned companies, with nearly 500 characteristical items surveyed for every company, comprise the database for this statistical analysis. The elements examined are firstly the entries of the annual balance sheets. In addition, there are the identifying characteristics, such as the type of industry, the legal form, or the operating location, in the databank. The analysis covers the period from 1998 to 2007. It’s very tantalizing for a statistician to work with the statistics of the annual balance sheets of the state-owned companies in Germany because of the large volumes of data. Both the methods of the descriptive statistics and the financial statement analysis with the balance sheet ratios were applied in this study. Especially over the last twenty years, the changes in the economic sector have led to discussions about the potential performance of the companies. The population dynamics of the state-owned enterprises are seen in the variety of the types of their activities and services and new legal forms. Therefore, the first goal of this analysis was to take an inventory of the German state-owned companies. The second goal of this work was to describe the economic situation of the state-owned companies in the last decade, with the emphasis on their performance. To measure the performance of the state-owned companies using only the economic efficiency as criterion is insufficient. However, the economic efficiency is easy to operationalise compared to, for example, social efficiency, because the ratios of the economic efficiency can be easily derived from the annual balance sheets of the companies. Besides that, using the ratios of the economic efficiency makes the comparison between the state-owned companies and the private ones easier. The description of the economic situation of the state-owned companies is based on the analysis of their assets, as well as their financial and earning positions. Altogether, the analysis of different positions emphasized the interdependence between the state-owned companies and their owners (regional authorities). From the methodological point of view, this study tried to extend research in the field of the data-driven statistics, which has been a neglected topic at universities in the last years when compared to model-driven statistics. T3 - Potsdamer Schriften zu Statistik und Wirtschaft - 3 KW - Öffentliche Unternehmen KW - Sektor Staat KW - Statistik öffentlicher Unternehmen KW - Forschungsdatenzentrum KW - Jahresabschlussanalyse KW - state-owned companies KW - public sector KW - statistics of the state-owned companies KW - research data centre KW - financial statement analysis Y1 - 2012 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-59199 SN - 978-3-86956-182-0 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - THES A1 - Nix, Andreas T1 - Zivilreligion und Aufklärung : der zivilreligiöse Strang der Aufklärung und die Frage nach einer europäischen Zivilreligion T2 - Region - Nation - Europa Y1 - 2012 SN - 978-3-643-11740-3 VL - 71 PB - LIT CY - Berlin ER - TY - BOOK ED - Krämer, Raimund ED - Lian, Yu-ru T1 - Verstehen und Gestalten : Texte zu den deutsch-chinesischen Beziehungen Y1 - 2012 SN - 978-3-941880-46-7 PB - WeltTrends CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bang, Guri A1 - Hovi, Jon A1 - Sprinz, Detlef F. T1 - US presidents and the failure to ratify multilateral environmental agreements JF - Climate policy N2 - Whereas the US President signed the Kyoto Protocol, the failure of the US Congress to ratify it seriously hampered subsequent international climate cooperation. This recent US trend, of signing environmental treaties but failing to ratify them, could thwart attempts to come to a future climate agreement. Two complementary explanations of this trend are proposed. First, the political system of the US has distinct institutional features that make it difficult for presidents to predict whether the Senate will give its advice and consent to multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs) and whether Congress will pass the required enabling legislation. Second, elected for a fixed term, US presidents might benefit politically from supporting MEAs even when knowing that legislative support is not forthcoming. Four policy implications are explored, concerning the scope for unilateral presidential action, the potential for bipartisan congressional support, the effectiveness of a treaty without the US, and the prospects for a deep, new climate treaty. Policy relevance Why does the failure of US ratification of multilateral environmental treaties occur? This article analyses the domestic political mechanisms involved in cases of failed US ratification. US non-participation in global environmental institutions often has serious ramifications. For example, it sharply limited Kyoto's effectiveness and seriously hampered international climate negotiations for years. Although at COP 17 in Durban the parties agreed to negotiate a new agreement by 2015, a new global climate treaty may well trigger a situation resembling the one President Clinton faced in 1997 when he signed Kyoto but never obtained support for it in the Senate. US failure to ratify could thwart future climate agreements. KW - enabling legislation KW - environmental treaties KW - Kyoto Protocol KW - political processes KW - ratification KW - United States Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2012.699788 SN - 1469-3062 VL - 12 IS - 6 SP - 755 EP - 763 PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group CY - Abingdon ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jackson, Gregory A1 - Sorge, Arndt T1 - The trajectory of institutional change in Germany, 1979-2009 JF - Journal of European public policy N2 - Over the last three decades, the German political economy can be characterized by both institutional continuity and change. Understanding the dynamics of institutional change therefore requires an examination of the interplay of changes in formal institutional rules and how organizations respond to these changes by strategic attempts to promote or hinder further change in institutions. The macro-level political story of institutional change shows a number of paradoxes resulting in unexpected and often incomplete forms of market liberalization shaped by continued support for some core features of Germany's social market economy. The resulting erosion of Germany's co-ordinated model of economic organization through networks and business associations has gone hand-in-hand with the attempts to preserve these institutions for core workers and sectors of the economy in the face of changing environments. The result is a more varied institutional landscape characterized by international diffusion of liberal policies and the politics of their variable re-embedding within a long-term path of institutional continuity. KW - Germany KW - institutional change KW - varieties of capitalism Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2012.709009 SN - 1350-1763 SN - 1466-4429 VL - 19 IS - 8 SP - 1146 EP - 1167 PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group CY - Abingdon ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stecker, Christian T1 - The role of governments in legislative agenda setting JF - Politische Vierteljahresschrift : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Vereinigung für Politische Wissenschaft Y1 - 2012 SN - 0032-3470 VL - 53 IS - 4 SP - 703 EP - 705 PB - Nomos CY - Hannover ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Koss, Michael T1 - The role of governments in legislative agenda setting JF - West European politics Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2011.648482 SN - 0140-2382 VL - 35 IS - 2 SP - 436 EP - 437 PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group CY - Abingdon ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ganghof, Steffen T1 - The order of public reason a theory of freedom and morality in a diverse and bounded world JF - Politische Vierteljahresschrift : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Vereinigung für Politische Wissenschaft Y1 - 2012 SN - 0032-3470 VL - 53 IS - 4 SP - 692 EP - 695 PB - Nomos CY - Hannover ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zaklan, Aleksandar A1 - Cullmann, Astrid A1 - Neumann, Anne A1 - von Hirschhausen, Christian T1 - The globalization of steam coal markets and the role of logistics an empirical analysis JF - Energy economics N2 - In this paper, we provide a comprehensive multivariate cointegration analysis of three parts of the steam coal value chain - export, transport and import prices. The analysis is based on a rich dataset of international coal prices: in particular, we combine data on steam coal prices with freight rates, covering the period December 2001 until August 2009 at weekly frequency. We then test whether the demand and supply side components of steam coal trade are consistently integrated with one another. In addition, export and import prices as well as freight rates for individual trading routes, across regions and globally are combined. We find evidence of significant yet incomplete integration. We also find heterogeneous short-term dynamics of individual markets. Furthermore, we examine whether logistics enter coal price dynamics through transportation costs, which are mainly determined by oil prices. Our results suggest that this is generally not the case. KW - Steam coal KW - Market integration KW - Multivariate cointegration Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2011.03.001 SN - 0140-9883 VL - 34 IS - 1 SP - 105 EP - 116 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Koss, Michael T1 - The determinants of parliamentary agenda powers a holistic framework for analysing parliamentary change JF - Politische Vierteljahresschrift : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Vereinigung für Politische Wissenschaft N2 - This article calls for a holistic perspective on parliamentary change through the analytical lens of parliamentary agenda powers. In addition to agenda control, the concept of agenda powers not only refers to the ability of parliamentary actors to directly influence parliamentary output through legislation (efficiency), but also to exert indirect influence through controlling the government (effectiveness) and through affecting public opinion (legitimacy). The concept of agenda powers comprises the formal institutional rules underlying the distribution of the parliamentary agenda, the factual application of these rules and the organisational powers enabling actors to make use of their time. The distribution of agenda powers can be explained by the sequencing of legitimacy, effectiveness, and efficiency reforms. Consequently, the concept of parliamentary agenda powers allows for a comparative long-term analysis of parliamentary change. Furthermore, the concept of parliamentary agenda powers enables us to operationalise normative scenarios of a de-parliamentarisation and the alleged transitions towards post- or neo-parliamentarian democracy. KW - Parliaments KW - Agenda Control KW - Agenda Powers KW - Parliamentary Administrations KW - Sequencing Y1 - 2012 SN - 0032-3470 SN - 1862-2860 VL - 53 IS - 1 SP - 29 EP - 52 PB - Nomos CY - Hannover ER -