TY  - JOUR
A1  - Czolkos, Ilja
A1  - Dock, Eva
A1  - Tonning, Erik
A1  - Christensen, Jakob
A1  - Winther-Nielsen, Margrethe
A1  - Carlsson, Charlotte
A1  - Mojzikova, Renata
A1  - Skladal, Petr
A1  - Wollenberger, Ursula
A1  - Norgaard, Lars
A1  - Ruzgas, Tautgirdas
A1  - Emneus, Jenny
T1  - Prediction of wastewater quality using amperometric bioelectronic tongues
JF  - Marine policy
N2  - Wastewater samples from a Swedish chemi-thermo-mechanical pulp (CTMP) mill collected at different purification stages in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) were analyzed with an amperometric enzyme-based biosensor array in a flow-injection system. In order to resolve the complex composition of the wastewater, the array consists of several sensing elements which yield a multidimensional response. We used principal component analysis (PCA) to decompose the array's responses, and found that wastewater with different degrees of pollution can be differentiated. With the help of partial least squares regression (PLS-R), we could link the sensor responses to the toxicity parameter, as well as to global organic pollution parameters (COD, BOD, and TOC). From investigating the influences of individual sensors in the array, it was found that the best models were in most cases obtained when all sensors in the array were included in the PLS-R model. We find that fast simultaneous determination of several global environmental parameters characterizing wastewaters is possible with this kind of biosensor array, in particular because of the link between the sensor responses and the biological effect onto the ecosystem into which the wastewater would be released. In conjunction with multivariate data analysis tools, there is strong potential to reduce the total time until a result is yielded from days to a few minutes.
KW  - Biosensor array
KW  - Electronic tongue
KW  - Amperometric sensor
KW  - Screen-printed electrode
KW  - Multivariate data analysis
KW  - Chemometrics
KW  - Wastewater
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Phenolic compounds
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2015.08.055
SN  - 0956-5663
SN  - 1873-4235
VL  - 75
SP  - 375
EP  - 382
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Oxford
ER  -