TY - GEN A1 - Schraplau, Anne A1 - Block, Andrea A1 - Häusler, Andreas A1 - Wippert, Pia-Maria A1 - Rapp, Michael Armin A1 - Völler, Heinz A1 - Bonaventura, Klaus A1 - Mayer, Frank T1 - Mobile diagnostics and consultation for the prevention of the metabolic syndrome and its secondary diseases in Brandenburg—study protocol of a regional prospective cohort study: the Mobile Brandenburg Cohort T2 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Background The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a risk cluster for a number of secondary diseases. The implementation of prevention programs requires early detection of individuals at risk. However, access to health care providers is limited in structurally weak regions. Brandenburg, a rural federal state in Germany, has an especially high MetS prevalence and disease burden. This study aims to validate and test the feasibility of a setup for mobile diagnostics of MetS and its secondary diseases, to evaluate the MetS prevalence and its association with moderating factors in Brandenburg and to identify new ways of early prevention, while establishing a “Mobile Brandenburg Cohort” to reveal new causes and risk factors for MetS. Methods In a pilot study, setups for mobile diagnostics of MetS and secondary diseases will be developed and validated. A van will be equipped as an examination room using point-of-care blood analyzers and by mobilizing standard methods. In study part A, these mobile diagnostic units will be placed at different locations in Brandenburg to locally recruit 5000 participants aged 40-70 years. They will be examined for MetS and advice on nutrition and physical activity will be provided. Questionnaires will be used to evaluate sociodemographics, stress perception, and physical activity. In study part B, participants with MetS, but without known secondary diseases, will receive a detailed mobile medical examination, including MetS diagnostics, medical history, clinical examinations, and instrumental diagnostics for internal, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and cognitive disorders. Participants will receive advice on nutrition and an exercise program will be demonstrated on site. People unable to participate in these mobile examinations will be interviewed by telephone. If necessary, participants will be referred to general practitioners for further diagnosis. Discussion The mobile diagnostics approach enables early detection of individuals at risk, and their targeted referral to local health care providers. Evaluation of the MetS prevalence, its relation to risk-increasing factors, and the “Mobile Brandenburg Cohort” create a unique database for further longitudinal studies on the implementation of home-based prevention programs to reduce mortality, especially in rural regions. Trial registration German Clinical Trials Register, DRKS00022764; registered 07 October 2020—retrospectively registered. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 759 KW - Metabolic syndrome KW - Mobile diagnostics KW - Prevention KW - Nutrition KW - Physical activity KW - Rural health Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-549506 SN - 1866-8364 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schraplau, Anne A1 - Block, Andrea A1 - Häusler, Andreas A1 - Wippert, Pia-Maria A1 - Rapp, Michael A. A1 - Völler, Heinz A1 - Bonaventura, Klaus A1 - Mayer, Frank T1 - Mobile diagnostics and consultation for the prevention of the metabolic syndrome and its secondary diseases in Brandenburg—study protocol of a regional prospective cohort study BT - the Mobile Brandenburg Cohort JF - Pilot and Feasibility Studies N2 - Background The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a risk cluster for a number of secondary diseases. The implementation of prevention programs requires early detection of individuals at risk. However, access to health care providers is limited in structurally weak regions. Brandenburg, a rural federal state in Germany, has an especially high MetS prevalence and disease burden. This study aims to validate and test the feasibility of a setup for mobile diagnostics of MetS and its secondary diseases, to evaluate the MetS prevalence and its association with moderating factors in Brandenburg and to identify new ways of early prevention, while establishing a “Mobile Brandenburg Cohort” to reveal new causes and risk factors for MetS. Methods In a pilot study, setups for mobile diagnostics of MetS and secondary diseases will be developed and validated. A van will be equipped as an examination room using point-of-care blood analyzers and by mobilizing standard methods. In study part A, these mobile diagnostic units will be placed at different locations in Brandenburg to locally recruit 5000 participants aged 40-70 years. They will be examined for MetS and advice on nutrition and physical activity will be provided. Questionnaires will be used to evaluate sociodemographics, stress perception, and physical activity. In study part B, participants with MetS, but without known secondary diseases, will receive a detailed mobile medical examination, including MetS diagnostics, medical history, clinical examinations, and instrumental diagnostics for internal, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and cognitive disorders. Participants will receive advice on nutrition and an exercise program will be demonstrated on site. People unable to participate in these mobile examinations will be interviewed by telephone. If necessary, participants will be referred to general practitioners for further diagnosis. Discussion The mobile diagnostics approach enables early detection of individuals at risk, and their targeted referral to local health care providers. Evaluation of the MetS prevalence, its relation to risk-increasing factors, and the “Mobile Brandenburg Cohort” create a unique database for further longitudinal studies on the implementation of home-based prevention programs to reduce mortality, especially in rural regions. Trial registration German Clinical Trials Register, DRKS00022764; registered 07 October 2020—retrospectively registered. KW - Metabolic syndrome KW - Mobile diagnostics KW - Prevention KW - Nutrition KW - Physical activity KW - Rural health Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s40814-021-00898-w SN - 2055-5784 VL - 7 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - BioMed Central (Springer Nature) CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Klaus, Susanne A1 - Igual Gil, Carla A1 - Ost, Mario T1 - Regulation of diurnal energy balance by mitokines JF - Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS N2 - The mammalian system of energy balance regulation is intrinsically rhythmic with diurnal oscillations of behavioral and metabolic traits according to the 24 h day/night cycle, driven by cellular circadian clocks and synchronized by environmental or internal cues such as metabolites and hormones associated with feeding rhythms. Mitochondria are crucial organelles for cellular energy generation and their biology is largely under the control of the circadian system. Whether mitochondrial status might also feed-back on the circadian system, possibly via mitokines that are induced by mitochondrial stress as endocrine-acting molecules, remains poorly understood. Here, we describe our current understanding of the diurnal regulation of systemic energy balance, with focus on fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), two well-known endocrine-acting metabolic mediators. FGF21 shows a diurnal oscillation and directly affects the output of the brain master clock. Moreover, recent data demonstrated that mitochondrial stress-induced GDF15 promotes a day-time restricted anorexia and systemic metabolic remodeling as shown in UCP1-transgenic mice, where both FGF21 and GDF15 are induced as myomitokines. In this mouse model of slightly uncoupled skeletal muscle mitochondria GDF15 proved responsible for an increased metabolic flexibility and a number of beneficial metabolic adaptations. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying energy balance regulation by mitokines are just starting to emerge, and more data on diurnal patterns in mouse and man are required. This will open new perspectives into the diurnal nature of mitokines and action both in health and disease. KW - Mitochondria KW - FGF21 KW - GDF15 KW - Circadian rhythm KW - Hormones KW - Nutrition Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-020-03748-9 SN - 1420-682X SN - 1420-9071 VL - 78 IS - 7 SP - 3369 EP - 3384 PB - Springer International Publishing AG CY - Cham (ZG) ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Xiaoping A1 - Darko, Kwame Oteng A1 - Huang, Yanjun A1 - He, Caimei A1 - Yang, Huansheng A1 - He, Shanping A1 - Li, Jianzhong A1 - Li, Jian A1 - Hocher, Berthold A1 - Yin, Yulong T1 - Resistant starch regulates gut microbiota BT - structure, biochemistry and cell signalling JF - Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology N2 - Starch is one of the most popular nutritional sources for both human and animals. Due to the variation of its nutritional traits and biochemical specificities, starch has been classified into rapidly digestible, slowly digestible and resistant starch. Resistant starch has its own unique chemical structure, and various forms of resistant starch are commercially available. It has been found being a multiple-functional regulator for treating metabolic dysfunction. Different functions of resistant starch such as modulation of the gut microbiota, gut peptides, circulating growth factors, circulating inflammatory mediators have been characterized by animal studies and clinical trials. In this mini-review, recent remarkable progress in resistant starch on gut microbiota, particularly the effect of structure, biochemistry and cell signaling on nutrition has been summarized, with highlights on its regulatory effect on gut microbiota. KW - Resistant starch KW - Gut microbiota KW - Nutrition Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1159/000477386 SN - 1015-8987 SN - 1421-9778 VL - 42 IS - 1 SP - 306 EP - 318 PB - Karger CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reichetzeder, Christoph A1 - Putra, Sulistyo Emantoko Dwi A1 - Li, Jian A1 - Hocher, Berthold T1 - Developmental Origins of Disease - Crisis Precipitates Change JF - Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology N2 - The concept of developmental origins of diseases has gained a huge interest in recent years and is a constantly emerging scientific field. First observations hereof originated from epidemiological studies, linking impaired birth outcomes to adult chronic, noncommunicable disease. By now there is a considerable amount of both epidemiological and experimental evidence highlighting the impact of early life events on later life disease susceptibility. Albeit far from being completely understood, more recent studies managed to elucidate underlying mechanisms, with epigenetics having become almost synonymous with developmental programming. The aim of this review was to give a comprehensive overview of various aspects and mechanisms of developmental origins of diseases. Starting from initial research foci mainly centered on a nutritionally impaired intrauterine environment, more recent findings such as postnatal nutrition, preterm birth, paternal programming and putative interventional approaches are summarized. The review outlines general underlying mechanisms and particularly discusses mechanistic explanations for sexual dimorphism in developmental programming. Furthermore, novel hypotheses are presented emphasizing a non-mendelian impact of parental genes on the offspring's phenotype. KW - Nutrition KW - Thrifty phenotype KW - Developmental programming KW - Paternal, maternal, sex differences KW - Epigenetics Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1159/000447801 SN - 1015-8987 SN - 1421-9778 VL - 39 SP - 919 EP - 938 PB - Karger CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scheiner, Ricarda A1 - Steinbach, Anne A1 - Classen, Gerbera A1 - Strudthoff, Nicole A1 - Scholz, Henrike T1 - Octopamine indirectly affects proboscis extension response habituation in Drosophila melanogaster by controlling sucrose responsiveness JF - Journal of insect physiology N2 - Octopamine is an important neurotransmitter in insects with multiple functions. Here, we investigated the role of this amine in a simple form of learning (habituation) in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Specifically, we asked if octopamine is necessary for normal habituation of a proboscis extension response (PER) to different sucrose concentrations. In addition, we analyzed the relationship between responsiveness to sucrose solutions applied to the tarsus and habituation of the proboscis extension response in the same individual. The Tyramine-beta-hydroxylase (T beta h) mutant lacks the enzyme catalyzing the final step of octopamine synthesis. This mutant was significantly less responsive to sucrose than controls. The reduced responsiveness directly led to faster habituation. Systemic application of octopamine or induction of octopamine synthesis by T beta h expression in a cluster of octopaminergic neurons within the suboesophageal ganglion restored sucrose responsiveness and habituation of octopamine mutants to control level. Further analyses imply that the reduced sucrose responsiveness of T beta h mutants is related to a lower sucrose preference, probably due to a changed carbohydrate metabolism, since T beta h mutants survived significantly longer under starved conditions. These findings suggest a pivotal role for octopamine in regulating sucrose responsiveness in fruit flies. Further, octopamine indirectly influences non-associative learning and possibly associative appetitive learning by regulating the evaluation of the sweet component of a sucrose reward. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. KW - Nutrition KW - Biogenic amine KW - Learning KW - Sucrose responsiveness KW - T beta h KW - Life span Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinsphys.2014.03.011 SN - 0022-1910 SN - 1879-1611 VL - 69 SP - 107 EP - 117 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Martin-Creuzburg, Dominik A1 - Oexle, Sarah A1 - Wacker, Alexander T1 - Thresholds for sterol-limited growth of Daphnia magna: A comparative approach using 10 different sterols JF - Journal of chemical ecology N2 - Arthropods are incapable of synthesizing sterols de novo and thus require a dietary source to cover their physiological demands. The most prominent sterol in animal tissues is cholesterol, which is an indispensable structural component of cell membranes and serves as precursor for steroid hormones. Instead of cholesterol, plants and algae contain a variety of different phytosterols. Consequently, herbivorous arthropods have to metabolize dietary phytosterols to cholesterol to meet their requirements for growth and reproduction. Here, we investigated sterol-limited growth responses of the freshwater herbivore Daphnia magna by supplementing a sterol-free diet with increasing amounts of 10 different phytosterols and comparing thresholds for sterol-limited growth. In addition, we analyzed the sterol composition of D. magna to explore sterol metabolic constraints and bioconversion capacities. We show that dietary phytosterols strongly differ in their potential to support somatic growth of D. magna. The dietary threshold concentrations obtained by supplementing the different sterols cover a wide range (3.5-34.4 mu g mg C-1) and encompass the one for cholesterol (8.9 mu g mg C-1), indicating that certain phytosterols are more efficient in supporting somatic growth than cholesterol (e.g., fucosterol, brassicasterol) while others are less efficient (e.g., dihydrocholesterol, lathosterol). The dietary sterol concentration gradients revealed that the poor quality of particular sterols can be alleviated partially by increasing dietary concentrations, and that qualitative differences among sterols are most pronounced at low to moderate dietary concentrations. We infer that the dietary sterol composition has to be considered in zooplankton nutritional ecology to accurately assess potential sterol limitations under field conditions. KW - Cholesterol KW - Daphnia KW - Food quality KW - Nutrition KW - Phytosterols KW - Sterols Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-014-0486-1 SN - 0098-0331 SN - 1573-1561 VL - 40 IS - 9 SP - 1039 EP - 1050 PB - Springer CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - GEN T1 - Ernährung garantiert? N2 - Alle Menschen haben elementare Gemeinsamkeiten: Um zu überleben, müssen sie atmen, trinken – und essen. Doch ist Ernährung garantiert? Der Diskurs über globale Ernährungssicherung führte Jahrzehnte lang ein Schattendasein. Nun erfährt die Agrarwirtschaft eine Renaissance, doch ob dies den Hungernden zugutekommen wird, ist fraglich: Immer mehr Produkte sollen nicht den Energiebedarf der Menschen, sondern den der Maschinen decken. In unserem aktuellen Thema diskutieren Experten die Möglichkeiten und Risiken dieser veränderten Wertschätzung der Landwirtschaft. KW - Ernährung KW - Agrarpolitik KW - Welthandel KW - Menschenrechte KW - Nutrition KW - Agricultural Policy KW - Global Trade KW - Human Rights Y1 - 2012 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-59905 ER -