TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bergström, Tomas
A1  - Kuhlmann, Sabine
A1  - Laffin, Martin
A1  - Wayenberg, Ellen
T1  - Special issue on comparative intergovernmental relations and the pandemic
BT  - how European devolved governments responded to a public health crisis
JF  - Local government studies
N2  - This introduction and the special issue are a contribution to comparative intergovernmental studies and public administration. This introduction provides an analytical overview of the intergovernmental relations policy responses to the Covid-19 pandemic across ten European countries, focussing on the early waves of the disease. These policy responses are analysed in terms of three types of IGR process: (1) a predominantly multi-layered policy process involving limited conflict, (2) a centralised policy process as the central government attempts to suppress conflict and (3) a conflicted policy process where such attempts are contested and tend to contribute to poor policy outcomes. The conclusion, then, reviews the difficulties and trade-offs involved in attaining a balanced multi-layered, intergovernmental process.
KW  - intergovernmental relations
KW  - pandemic comparative
KW  - government comparative
KW  - public policy
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1080/03003930.2022.2039636
SN  - 0300-3930
SN  - 1743-9388
VL  - 48
IS  - 2
SP  - 179
EP  - 190
PB  - Taylor & Francis
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Panhans, Matthew T.
A1  - Schumacher, Reinhard
T1  - Theory in closer contact with industrial life
BT  - American institutional economists on competition theory and policy
JF  - Journal of institutional economics
N2  - This paper investigates the views on competition theory and policy of the American institutional economists during the first half of the 20th century. These perspectives contrasted with those of contemporary neoclassical and later mainstream economic approaches. We identify three distinct dimensions to an institutionalist perspective on competition. First, institutionalist approaches focused on describing industry details, so as to bring theory into closer contact with reality. Second, institutionalists emphasized that while competition was sometimes beneficial, it could also be disruptive. Third, institutionalists had a broad view of the objectives of competition policy that extended beyond effects on consumer welfare. Consequently, institutionalists advocated for a wide range of policies to enhance competition, including industrial self-regulation, broad stakeholder representation within corporations, and direct governmental regulations. Their experimental attitude implied that policy would always be evolving, and antitrust enforcement might be only one stage in the development toward a regime of industrial regulation.
KW  - Competition
KW  - economic thought
KW  - industrial organization
KW  - institutional
KW  - economics
KW  - institutionalism
KW  - public policy
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1017/S1744137421000357
SN  - 1744-1374
SN  - 1744-1382
VL  - 17
IS  - 5
SP  - 781
EP  - 798
PB  - Cambridge Univ. Press
CY  - Cambridge
ER  -