TY  - JOUR
A1  - Soemer, Alexander
A1  - Schiefele, Ulrich
T1  - Reading amount as a mediator between intrinsic reading motivation and reading comprehension in the early elementary grades
JF  - Learning and individual differences
N2  - Previous research suggests that children's growth in reading abilities is positively related to their intrinsic reading motivation and the amount of spare time reading. Furthermore, a number of previous studies point to the possibility that spare time reading amount mediates the positive association between intrinsic reading motivation and reading comprehension. However, to date, most of the available evidence for a mediation model is either cross-sectional and/or limited to late elementary and secondary school students, whereas the early elementary grades have only rarely been targeted in longitudinal studies. Accordingly, the present study investigated longitudinal relations between intrinsic reading motivation, reading amount, and reading comprehension in the early elementary grades with a particular focus on the potential mediator role of reading amount. Evidence was found for partial mediation by reading amount between reading comprehension and later intrinsic reading motivation. However, there was no evidence for (partial or full) mediation by reading amount between intrinsic reading motivation and later reading comprehension. It is concluded that in the process of becoming more sophisticated readers, early elementary students read more frequently in their spare time, and this makes reading more rewarding for them in the long run. In contrast, the potentially positive effect of spare time reading on later reading comprehension seems to be either non-existent or too weak to be reliably detected over longer time frames.
KW  - Reading motivation
KW  - Reading comprehension
KW  - Elementary school students
KW  - Longitudinal study
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2018.06.006
SN  - 1041-6080
SN  - 1873-3425
VL  - 67
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Millenet, Sabina
A1  - Laucht, Manfred
A1  - Hohm, Erika
A1  - Jennen-Steinmetz, Christine
A1  - Hohmann, Sarah
A1  - Schmidt, Martin H.
A1  - Esser, Günter
A1  - Banaschewski, Tobias
A1  - Brandeis, Daniel
A1  - Zohsel, Katrin
T1  - Sex-specific trajectories of ADHD symptoms from adolescence to young adulthood
JF  - European child and adolescent psychiatry : offical journal of the European Society for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
N2  - Reports of current ADHD symptoms in adults with a childhood diagnosis of ADHD are often discrepant: While one subgroup reports a particularly high level of current ADHD symptoms, another reports—in contrast—a very low level. The reasons for this difference remain unclear. Although sex might play a moderating role, it has not yet been examined in this regard. In an epidemiological cohort study from birth to young adulthood, childhood ADHD diagnoses were assessed at the ages of 4.5, 8, and 11 years based on parent ratings. Sex-specific development of ADHD symptoms was analyzed from the age of 15 to 25 years via self-reported ADHD symptoms in participants with (n = 47) and without childhood ADHD (n = 289) using a random coefficient regression model. The congruence between parent reports and adolescents’ self-ratings was examined, and the role of childhood ADHD diagnosis, childhood OCC/CD, and childhood internalizing disorder as possible sex-specific predictors of self-reported ADHD symptoms at age 25 years was investigated. With regard to self-reported ADHD symptoms, females with a childhood ADHD diagnosis reported significantly more ADHD symptoms compared to females without childhood ADHD and males with and without ADHD throughout adolescence and young adulthood. In contrast, males with childhood ADHD did not differ from control males either at age 15 or at age 25 years. Only in females did a childhood diagnosis of an externalizing disorder (ADHD and CD/ODD) predict self-reported ADHD symptoms by age 25 years. Our findings suggest that self-reports of young adults with a childhood diagnosis of ADHD are influenced by sex. Specifically, females with childhood ADHD report increased levels of ADHD symptoms upon reaching adulthood. To correctly evaluate symptoms and impairment in this subgroup, other, more objective, sources of information may be advisable, such as neurophysiological measures.
KW  - ADHD
KW  - Sex
KW  - Self-report
KW  - Longitudinal study
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-018-1129-9
SN  - 1018-8827
SN  - 1435-165X
VL  - 27
IS  - 8
SP  - 1067
EP  - 1075
PB  - Springer
CY  - New York
ER  -