TY  - JOUR
A1  - Yarman, Aysu
A1  - Wollenberger, Ursula
A1  - Scheller, Frieder W.
T1  - Sensors based on cytochrome P450 and CYP mimicking systems
JF  - ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
N2  - Cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) act on more than 90 percent of all drugs currently on the market. The catalytic cycle requires electron supply to the heme iron in the presence of oxygen. Electrochemistry allows to characterise the reaction mechanism of these redox enzymes by observing the electron transfer in real time. According to the number of publications on protein electrochemistry CYP has the third position after glucose oxidase and cytochrome c. CYP based enzyme electrodes for the quantification of drugs, metabolites or pesticides have been developed using different iso-enzymes. A crucial step in the sensor development is the efficiency of coupling the biocatalytic systems with the electrode is. In the 1970s the direct electron transfer of heme and heme peptides called microperoxidases (MPs) was used as model of oxidoreductases. They exhibit a broad substrate spectrum including hydroxylation of selected aromatic substrates, demethylation and epoxidation by means of hydrogen peroxide. It overlaps with that of P450 making heme and MPs to alternate recognition elements in biosensors for the detection of typical CYP substrates. In these enzyme electrodes the signal is generated by the conversion of all substrates thus representing in complex media an overall parameter. By combining the biocatalytic substrate conversion with selective binding to a molecularly imprinted polymer layer the specificity has been improved. Here we discuss different approaches of biosensors based on CYP, microperoxidases and catalytically active MIPs and discuss their potential as recognition elements in biosensors. The performance of these sensors and their further development are discussed. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
KW  - Cytochrome P450
KW  - Microperoxidases
KW  - Catalytically active molecularly imprinted polymers
KW  - Biosensors
KW  - Personalised medicine
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2013.03.154
SN  - 0013-4686
SN  - 1873-3859
VL  - 110
SP  - 63
EP  - 72
PB  - PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
CY  - OXFORD
ER  -