TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hartmann, Matthias
A1  - Martarelli, Corinna S.
A1  - Mast, Fred W.
A1  - Stocker, Kurt
T1  - Eye movements during mental time travel follow a diagonal line
JF  - Consciousness and cognition
N2  - Recent research showed that past events are associated with the back and left side, whereas future events are associated with the front and right side of space. These spatial-temporal associations have an impact on our sensorimotor system: thinking about one's past and future leads to subtle body sways in the sagittal dimension of space (Miles, Nind, & Macrae, 2010). In this study we investigated whether mental time travel leads to sensorimotor correlates in the horizontal dimension of space. Participants were asked to mentally displace themselves into the past or future while measuring their spontaneous eye movements on a blank screen. Eye gaze was directed more rightward and upward when thinking about the future than when thinking about the past. Our results provide further insight into the spatial nature of temporal thoughts, and show that not only body, but also eye movements follow a (diagonal) "time line" during mental time travel. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
KW  - Mental time travel
KW  - Eye movements
KW  - Mental time line
KW  - Spatial-temporal association
KW  - Future
KW  - Past
KW  - Embodied cognition
KW  - Metaphors
KW  - Mental number line
Y1  - 2014
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2014.09.007
SN  - 1053-8100
SN  - 1090-2376
VL  - 30
SP  - 201
EP  - 209
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - San Diego
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Mucha, Anne
T1  - Temporal interpretation in hausa
JF  - Linguistics and philosophy : a journal of natural language syntax, semantics, logic, and pragmatics, and processing
N2  - This paper provides a formal analysis of the grammatical encoding of temporal information in Hausa (Chadic, Afro-Asiatic), thereby contributing to the recent debate on temporality in languages without overt tense morphology. By testing the hypothesis of covert tense against recently obtained empirical data, the study yields the result that Hausa is tenseless and that temporal reference is pragmatically inferred from aspectual, modal and contextual information. The second part of the paper addresses the coding of future in particular. It is shown that future time reference in Hausa is realized as a combination of a modal operator and a Prospective aspect marker, involving the modal meaning components of intention and prediction as well as event time shifting. The discussion relates directly to recent approaches to other seemingly tenseless languages such as St'at'imcets (Matthewson, Linguist Philos 29:673-713, 2006) or Paraguayan Guarani (Tonhauser, Linguist Philos 34:257-303, 2011b) and provides further evidence for the suggested analyses of the future markers in these languages.
KW  - Tenseless languages
KW  - Aspect
KW  - Pragmatic principles
KW  - Future
KW  - Modality
KW  - Hausa
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10988-013-9140-6
SN  - 0165-0157
SN  - 1573-0549
VL  - 36
IS  - 5
SP  - 371
EP  - 415
PB  - Springer
CY  - Dordrecht
ER  -