TY - JOUR A1 - Pollatos, Olga A1 - Mönkemöller, Karla A1 - Groppe, Karoline A1 - Elsner, Birgit T1 - Interoceptive accuracy is associated with benefits in decision making in children JF - Frontiers in psychology N2 - Introduction: Decision making results not only from logical analyses, but seems to be further guided by the ability to perceive somatic information (interoceptive accuracy). Relations between interoceptive accuracy and decision making have been exclusively studied in adults and with regard to complex, uncertain situations (as measured by the Iowa Gambling Task, IGT). Methods: In the present study, 1454 children (6-11 years) were examined at two time points (approximately 1 year apart) using an IGT as well as a delay-of-gratification task for sweets-items and toy-items. Interoceptive accuracy was measured using a child-adapted version of the Heartbeat Perception Task. Results: The present results revealed that children with higher, as compared to lower, interoceptive accuracy showed more advantageous choices in the IGT and delayed more sweets-items, but not toy-items, in a delay-of-gratification task at time point 2 but not at time point 1. However, no longitudinal relation between interoceptive accuracy and decision making 1 year later could be shown. Discussion: Results indicate that interoceptive accuracy relates to decision-making abilities in situations of varying complexity already in middle childhood, and that this link might consolidate across the examined 1-year period. Furthermore, the association of interoceptive accuracy and the delay of sweets-items might have implications for the regulation of body weight at a later age. KW - cardiac perception KW - interoception KW - emotion KW - decision making KW - Iowa gambling task KW - somatic-marker hypothesis KW - childhood development Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1070037 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 13 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dolcos, Florin A1 - Katsumi, Yuta A1 - Moore, Matthew A1 - Berggren, Nick A1 - de Gelder, Beatrice A1 - Derakshan, Nazanin A1 - Hamm, Alfons O. A1 - Koster, Ernst H. W. A1 - Ladouceur, Cecile D. A1 - Okon-Singer, Hadas A1 - Ventura-Bort, Carlos A1 - Weymar, Mathias T1 - Neural correlates of emotion-attention interactions BT - From perception, learning, and memory to social cognition, individual differences, and training interventions T2 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Due to their ability to capture attention, emotional stimuli tend to benefit from enhanced perceptual processing, which can be helpful when such stimuli are task-relevant but hindering when they are task-irrelevant. Altered emotion-attention interactions have been associated with symptoms of affective disturbances, and emerging research focuses on improving emotion-attention interactions to prevent or treat affective disorders. In line with the Human Affectome Project's emphasis on linguistic components, we also analyzed the language used to describe attention-related aspects of emotion, and highlighted terms related to domains such as conscious awareness, motivational effects of attention, social attention, and emotion regulation. These terms were discussed within a broader review of available evidence regarding the neural correlates of (1) Emotion-Attention Interactions in Perception, (2) Emotion-Attention Interactions in Learning and Memory, (3) Individual Differences in Emotion-Attention Interactions, and (4) Training and Interventions to Optimize Emotion-Attention Interactions. This comprehensive approach enabled an integrative overview of the current knowledge regarding the mechanisms of emotion-attention interactions at multiple levels of analysis, and identification of emerging directions for future investigations. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 862 KW - emotion KW - attention KW - perception KW - learning and memory KW - individual differences KW - training interventions KW - psychophysiology KW - neuroimaging KW - affective neuroscience KW - health and well-being KW - linguistics Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-516213 SN - 1866-8364 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dolcos, Florin A1 - Katsumi, Yuta A1 - Moore, Matthew A1 - Berggren, Nick A1 - de Gelder, Beatrice A1 - Derakshan, Nazanin A1 - Hamm, Alfons O. A1 - Koster, Ernst H. W. A1 - Ladouceur, Cecile D. A1 - Okon-Singer, Hadas A1 - Ventura-Bort, Carlos A1 - Weymar, Mathias T1 - Neural correlates of emotion-attention interactions BT - From perception, learning, and memory to social cognition, individual differences, and training interventions JF - Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews N2 - Due to their ability to capture attention, emotional stimuli tend to benefit from enhanced perceptual processing, which can be helpful when such stimuli are task-relevant but hindering when they are task-irrelevant. Altered emotion-attention interactions have been associated with symptoms of affective disturbances, and emerging research focuses on improving emotion-attention interactions to prevent or treat affective disorders. In line with the Human Affectome Project's emphasis on linguistic components, we also analyzed the language used to describe attention-related aspects of emotion, and highlighted terms related to domains such as conscious awareness, motivational effects of attention, social attention, and emotion regulation. These terms were discussed within a broader review of available evidence regarding the neural correlates of (1) Emotion-Attention Interactions in Perception, (2) Emotion-Attention Interactions in Learning and Memory, (3) Individual Differences in Emotion-Attention Interactions, and (4) Training and Interventions to Optimize Emotion-Attention Interactions. This comprehensive approach enabled an integrative overview of the current knowledge regarding the mechanisms of emotion-attention interactions at multiple levels of analysis, and identification of emerging directions for future investigations. KW - emotion KW - attention KW - perception KW - learning and memory KW - individual differences KW - training interventions KW - psychophysiology KW - neuroimaging KW - affective neuroscience KW - health and well-being KW - linguistics Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.08.017 SN - 0149-7634 SN - 1873-7528 VL - 108 SP - 559 EP - 601 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ventura-Bort, Carlos A1 - Dolcos, Florin A1 - Wendt, Julia A1 - Wirkner, Janine A1 - Hamm, Alfons O. A1 - Weymar, Mathias T1 - Item and source memory for emotional associates is mediated by different retrieval processes JF - Neuropsychologia : an international journal in behavioural and cognitive neuroscience N2 - Recent event-related potential (ERP) data showed that neutral objects encoded in emotional background pictures were better remembered than objects encoded in neutral contexts, when recognition memory was tested one week later. In the present study, we investigated whether this long-term memory advantage for items is also associated with correct memory for contextual source details. Furthermore, we were interested in the possibly dissociable contribution of familiarity and recollection processes (using a Remember/Know procedure). The results revealed that item memory performance was mainly driven by the subjective experience of familiarity, irrespective of whether the objects were previously encoded in emotional or neutral contexts. Correct source memory for the associated background picture, however, was driven by recollection and enhanced when the content was emotional. In ERPs, correctly recognized old objects evoked frontal ERP Old/New effects (300-500 ms), irrespective of context category. As in our previous study (Ventura-Bort et al., 2016b), retrieval for objects from emotional contexts was associated with larger parietal Old/New differences (600-800 ms), indicating stronger involvement of recollection. Thus, the results suggest a stronger contribution of recollection-based retrieval to item and contextual background source memory for neutral information associated with an emotional event. KW - event-related potentials KW - emotion KW - source memory KW - remember/know KW - old/new KW - effect Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.12.015 SN - 0028-3932 SN - 1873-3514 VL - 145 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ventura-Bort, Carlos A1 - Wirkner, Janine A1 - Wendt, Julia A1 - Hamm, Alfons O. A1 - Weymar, Mathias T1 - Establishment of emotional memories is mediated by vagal nerve activation BT - evidence from noninvasive taVNS JF - The journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience N2 - Emotional memories are better remembered than neutral ones, but the mechanisms leading to this memory bias are not well under-stood in humans yet. Based on animal research, it is suggested that the memory-enhancing effect of emotion is based on central nor-adrenergic release, which is triggered by afferent vagal nerve activation. To test the causal link between vagus nerve activation and emotional memory in humans, we applied continuous noninvasive transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) during exposure to emotional arousing and neutral scenes and tested subsequent, long-term recognition memory after 1 week. We found that taVNS, compared with sham, increased recollection-based memory performance for emotional, but not neutral, material. These findings were complemented by larger recollection-related brain potentials (parietal ERP Old/New effect) during retrieval of emotional scenes encoded under taVNS, compared with sham. Furthermore, brain potentials recorded during encoding also revealed that taVNS facilitated early attentional discrimination between emotional and neutral scenes. Extending animal research, our behavioral and neu-ral findings confirm a modulatory influence of the vagus nerve in emotional memory formation in humans. KW - emotion KW - ERPs KW - memory KW - Old KW - New effect KW - LPP KW - vagus nerve KW - tVNS Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2329-20.2021 SN - 1529-2401 VL - 41 IS - 36 SP - 7636 EP - 7648 PB - Society for Neuroscience CY - Washington, DC ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wilhelm, Jan Lorenz T1 - Atmosphere in the home stadium of Hertha BSC (German Bundesliga) T1 - Atmosphère au stade de Hertha BSC (Bundesliga allemande) T1 - Atmosphère au stade de Hertha BSC (Bundesliga allemande) BT - melodies of moods, collective bodies, and the relevance of space BT - mélodies d’atmosphères, corps collectifs et pertinence de l’espace BT - melodías de estados de ánimo, cuerpos colectivos y la relevancia del espacio JF - Social & cultural geography N2 - German football stadiums are well known for their atmosphere. It is often described as 'electrifying,' or 'cracking.' This article focuses on this atmosphere. Using a phenomenological approach, it explores how this emotionality can be understood and how geography matters while attending a match. Atmosphere in this context is conceptualized based on work by as a mood-charged space, neither object- nor subject-centered, but rather a medium of perception which cannot not exist. Based on qualitative research done in the home stadium of Hertha BSC in the German Bundesliga, this article shows that the bodily sensations experienced by spectators during a visit to the stadium are synchronized with events on the pitch and with the more or less imposing scenery. The analysis ofin situdiaries reveals that spectators experience a comprehensive sense of collectivity. The study presents evidence that the occurrence of these bodily sensations is strongly connected with different aspects of spatiality. This includes sensations of constriction and expansion within the body, an awareness of one's location within the stadium, the influence of the immediate surroundings and cognitive here/there and inside/outside distinctions. N2 - Les stades de foot allemands sont bien connus pour leur atmosphère. Elle est souvent décrite comme « électrique » ou « géniale ». Cet article se concentre sur cette atmosphère. Utilisant une approche phénoménologique, il explore comment cette affectivité peut être comprise et comment la géographie a son importance quand on est à un match. L’atmosphère dans ce contexte est conceptualisée à partir des travaux de Gemot Böhme, comme un espace chargé d’atmosphère, ni centré sur le sujet, ni centré sur l’objet, mais plutôt comme un moyen de perception qui ne peut pas exister. A partir de recherche qualitative faite sur le stade de Hertha BSC de la Bundesliga allemande, cet article montre que les sensations corporelles ressenties par les spectateurs pendant une visite au stade sont synchronisées avec les événements sur le terrain et avec le paysage plus ou moins imposant. L’analyse de journaux intimes sur place révèle que les spectateurs font l’expérience d’une notion totale de collectivité. L’étude présente la preuve que la présence de ces sensations corporelles est fortement liée aux différents aspects de la spatialité. Cela inclut les sensations de compression et d’expansion dans le corps, une conscience de sa position dans le stade, l’influence de l’entourage immédiat et les distinctions cognitives de l’ici/là-bas et de l’intérieur/extérieur. N2 - Los estadios de fútbol alemanes son bien conocidos por su ambiente. A menudo se lo describe como ‘electrizante’ o ‘estupendo’. Este artículo se centra en este ambiente. Usando un enfoque fenomenológico, explora cómo se puede entender esta emotividad y la importancia de la geografía mientras se asiste a un partido. El ambiente en este contexto se conceptualiza a partir del trabajo de Gernot Böhme como un espacio cargado de emociones, no centrado en objetos ni en sujetos, sino en un medio de percepción que no puede no existir. Basado en investigaciones cualitativas realizadas en el estadio de Hertha BSC durante la Bundesliga alemana, este artículo muestra que las sensaciones corporales experimentadas por los espectadores durante una visita al estadio se sincronizan con los eventos en la cancha y con el escenario más o menos imponente. El análisis de experiencias in situ revela que los espectadores experimentan un sentido integral de colectividad. El estudio presenta evidencia de que la ocurrencia de estas sensaciones corporales está fuertemente relacionada con diferentes aspectos de la espacialidad. Esto incluye sensaciones de constricción y expansión dentro del cuerpo, una conciencia de su ubicación dentro del estadio, la influencia del entorno inmediato y las distinciones cognitivas aquí/allá y dentro/fuera. KW - affect KW - atmosphere KW - corporeality KW - emotion KW - football KW - phenomenology KW - stadium KW - atmosphère KW - corporalité KW - émotion KW - stade KW - phénoménologie KW - ambiente KW - corporeidad KW - emoción KW - afecto KW - estadio KW - fútbol KW - fenomenología Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/14649365.2018.1514646 SN - 1464-9365 SN - 1470-1197 VL - 21 IS - 5 SP - 718 EP - 737 PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group CY - London ER - TY - THES A1 - Ventura-Bort, Carlos T1 - Temporo-spatial dynamics of the impact of emotional contexts on visual processing and memory T1 - Zeitlich-räumliche Dynamik der Auswirkungen emotionaler Kontexte auf die visuelle Verarbeitung und das Gedächtnis N2 - It has frequently been observed that single emotional events are not only more efficiently processed, but also better remembered, and form longer-lasting memory traces than neutral material. However, when emotional information is perceived as a part of a complex event, such as in the context of or in relation to other events and/or source details, the modulatory effects of emotion are less clear. The present work aims to investigate how emotional, contextual source information modulates the initial encoding and subsequent long-term retrieval of associated neutral material (item memory) and contextual source details (contextual source memory). To do so, a two-task experiment was used, consisting of an incidental encoding task in which neutral objects were displayed over different contextual background scenes which varied in emotional content (unpleasant, pleasant, and neutral), and a delayed retrieval task (1 week), in which previously-encoded objects and new ones were presented. In a series of studies, behavioral indices (Studies 2, 3, and 5), event-related potentials (ERPs; Studies 1-4), and functional magnetic resonance imaging (Study 5) were used to investigate whether emotional contexts can rapidly tune the visual processing of associated neutral information (Study 1) and modulate long-term item memory (Study 2), how different recognition memory processes (familiarity vs. recollection) contribute to these emotion effects on item and contextual source memory (Study 3), whether the emotional effects of item memory can also be observed during spontaneous retrieval (Sstudy 4), and which brain regions underpin the modulatory effects of emotional contexts on item and contextual source memory (Study 5). In Study 1, it was observed that emotional contexts by means of emotional associative learning, can rapidly alter the processing of associated neutral information. Neutral items associated with emotional contexts (i.e. emotional associates) compared to neutral ones, showed enhanced perceptual and more elaborate processing after one single pairing, as indexed by larger amplitudes in the P100 and LPP components, respectively. Study 2 showed that emotional contexts produce longer-lasting memory effects, as evidenced by better item memory performance and larger ERP Old/New differences for emotional associates. In Study 3, a mnemonic differentiation was observed between item and contextual source memory which was modulated by emotion. Item memory was driven by familiarity, independently of emotional contexts during encoding, whereas contextual source memory was driven by recollection, and better for emotional material. As in Study 2, enhancing effects of emotional contexts for item memory were observed in ERPs associated with recollection processes. Likewise, for contextual source memory, a pronounced recollection-related ERP enhancement was observed for exclusively emotional contexts. Study 4 showed that the long-term recollection enhancement of emotional contexts on item memory can be observed even when retrieval is not explicitly attempted, as measured with ERPs, suggesting that the emotion enhancing effects on memory are not related to the task embedded during recognition, but to the motivational relevance of the triggering event. In Study 5, it was observed that enhancing effects of emotional contexts on item and contextual source memory involve stronger engagement of the brain's regions which are associated with memory recollection, including areas of the medial temporal lobe, posterior parietal cortex, and prefrontal cortex. Taken together, these findings suggest that emotional contexts rapidly modulate the initial processing of associated neutral information and the subsequent, long-term item and contextual source memories. The enhanced memory effects of emotional contexts are strongly supported by recollection rather than familiarity processes, and are shown to be triggered when retrieval is both explicitly and spontaneously attempted. These results provide new insights into the modulatory role of emotional information on the visual processing and the long-term recognition memory of complex events. The present findings are integrated into the current theoretical models and future ventures are discussed. N2 - Es wurde häufig beobachtet, dass einzelne emotionale Ereignisse effizienter verarbeitet und besser erinnert werden und länger anhaltende Gedächtnisspuren bilden als neutrales Material. Wenn jedoch emotionale Informationen als Teil eines komplexen Ereignisses wahrgenommen werden, wie beispielsweise im Kontext oder in Bezug auf andere Ereignisse und/oder Quellendetails, sind die modulierenden Einflüsse von Emotionen weniger klar. Die vorliegende Arbeit zielt darauf ab zu untersuchen, wie emotionale, kontextuelle Quelleninformationen die anfängliche Kodierung und den anschließenden langfristigen Abruf von zugehörigem neutralen Material (Itemgedächtnis) und kontextuellen Quellendetails (Quellengedächtnis) modulieren. Dazu wurde ein Zwei-Aufgaben-Experiment verwendet, bestehend aus einer nicht instruierten Enkodierungsaufgabe, bei der neutrale Objekte eingebettet in verschiedene kontextuelle Hintergrundszenen dargeboten wurden, die in ihrem emotionalen Inhalt variierten (unangenehm, angenehm und neutral), und einer verzögerten Abrufaufgabe (1 Woche), bei der zuvor enkodierte und neue Objekte präsentiert wurden. In einer Reihe von Studien wurden Verhaltensindizes (Studien 2-5), ereigniskorrelierte Potenziale (EKPs; Studien 1-4) und funktionelle Magnetresonanztomographie (Studie 5) verwendet, um zu untersuchen, ob emotionale Kontexte die visuelle Verarbeitung der zugehörigen neutralen Informationen kurzfristig verändern können (Studie 1) und das Langzeitgedächtnis modulieren (Studie 2), wie verschiedene Prozesse des Wiedererkennens (Vertrautheit vs. Rekollektion) zu diesen Emotionseffekten auf das Item- und das kontextuelle Quellengedächtnis beitragen (Studie 3), ob die emotionalen Effekte auf das Itemgedächtnis auch bei der spontanen Abfrage beobachtet werden können (Studie 4) und über welche Hirnregionen die modulierenden Effekte emotionaler Kontexte auf das Item- und kontextuelle Quellengedächtnis vermittelt werden (Studie 5). In Studie 1 wurde beobachtet, dass emotionale Kontexte durch emotionales assoziatives Lernen die Verarbeitung der zugehörigen neutralen Informationen kurzfristig verändern können. Neutrale Elemente, die mit emotionalen Kontexten verbunden sind (im Folgenden „emotional Assoziierte“ genannt), zeigten nach einer einzigen Paarung im Vergleich zu neutralen Elementen eine verbesserte perzeptuelle und elaboriertere Verarbeitung, wie durch höhere Amplituden in den P100- bzw. LPP-Komponenten nachgewiesen wurde. Studie 2 zeigte, dass emotionale Kontexte länger anhaltende Gedächtniseffekte erzeugen, was sich in einer besseren Itemgedächtnisleistung und größeren EKP-alt/neu Unterschieden für emotional Assoziierte zeigte. In Studie 3 wurde eine mnemonische Differenzierung zwischen Item- und kontextuellem Quellengedächtnis beobachtet, die durch Emotionen moduliert wurde. Das Itemgedächtnis wurde durch den Prozess der Vertrautheit getrieben unabhängig von den emotionalen Kontexten während der Enkodierung. Das kontextuelle Quellengedächtnis wurde dagegen durch Rekollektion getrieben und war besser für emotionales Material. Wie in Studie 2 wurden in EKPs, die mit Rekollektionsprozessen in Verbindung stehen, verstärkende Effekte von emotionalen Kontexten für das Itemgedächtnis beobachtet. Ebenso wurde für das kontextuelle Quellengedächtnis eine ausgeprägte Rekollektionsbezogene Potenzierung der EKPs ausschließlich für emotionale Kontexte beobachtet. Studie 4 zeigte, dass die langfristige Verstärkung der Rekollektion, die emotionale Kontexten im Itemgedächtnis verursachen, auch dann beobachtet werden kann, wenn der Abruf nicht explizit instruiert wird. Dieser Befund zum spontanen Erinnern deutet darauf hin, dass die gedächtnissteigernden Effekte von Emotionen nicht mit der Aufgabe zusammenhängen, die während des Abrufs gestellt wurde, sondern mit der motivationalen Relevanz des auslösenden Ereignisses. In Studie 5 wurde beobachtet, dass an der verstärkenden Wirkung von emotionalen Kontexten auf das Item- und kontextuelle Quellengedächtnis solche Hirnregionen beteiligt sind, die mit der Rekollektionsprozessen assoziiert werden, einschließlich der Bereiche des medialen Temporallappens, des posterioren parietalen Kortex und des präfrontalen Kortex. Zusammengenommen deuten diese Ergebnisse darauf hin, dass emotionale Kontexte die anfängliche Verarbeitung der zugehörigen neutralen Informationen und der nachfolgenden, langfristigen Erinnerungen an Items und kontextuelle Quellen schnell modulieren. Die durch emotionaler Kontexte ausgelösten Gedächtniseffekte werden eher durch Rekollektions- und weniger durch Vertrautheitsprozesse vermittelt und zeigen sich sowohl bei expliziten als auch bei spontanen Abruf. Diese Ergebnisse liefern neue Erkenntnisse über die modulierende Rolle emotionaler Informationen bei der visuellen Verarbeitung und der Langzeiterinnerung an komplexe Ereignisse. Die vorliegenden Erkenntnisse werden in aktuelle theoretische Modelle integriert und zukünftige Forschungsperspektiven werden diskutiert. KW - memory KW - fMRI KW - Emotion KW - emotion KW - EEG KW - Gedächtnis KW - EEG KW - fMRT Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-550236 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ventura-Bort, Carlos A1 - Wendt, Julia A1 - Weymar, Mathias T1 - The Role of Interoceptive Sensibility and Emotional Conceptualization for the Experience of Emotions T2 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - The theory of constructed emotions suggests that different psychological components, including core affect (mental and neural representations of bodily changes), and conceptualization (meaning-making based on prior experiences and semantic knowledge), are involved in the formation of emotions. However, little is known about their role in experiencing emotions. In the current study, we investigated how individual differences in interoceptive sensibility and emotional conceptualization (as potential correlates of these components) interact to moderate three important aspects of emotional experiences: emotional intensity (strength of emotion felt), arousal (degree of activation), and granularity (ability to differentiate emotions with precision). To this end, participants completed a series of questionnaires assessing interoceptive sensibility and emotional conceptualization and underwent two emotion experience tasks, which included standardized material (emotion differentiation task; ED task) and self-experienced episodes (day reconstruction method; DRM). Correlational analysis showed that individual differences in interoceptive sensibility and emotional conceptualization were related to each other. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed two independent factors that were referred to as sensibility and monitoring. The Sensibility factor, interpreted as beliefs about the accuracy of an individual in detecting internal physiological and emotional states, predicted higher granularity for negative words. The Monitoring factor, interpreted as the tendency to focus on the internal states of an individual, was negatively related to emotional granularity and intensity. Additionally, Sensibility scores were more strongly associated with greater well-being and adaptability measures than Monitoring scores. Our results indicate that independent processes underlying individual differences in interoceptive sensibility and emotional conceptualization contribute to emotion experiencing. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 769 KW - emotion KW - granularity KW - emotional intensity KW - well-being KW - adaptability KW - interoceptive sensibility KW - interoception Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-552802 SN - 1866-8364 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ventura-Bort, Carlos A1 - Wendt, Julia A1 - Weymar, Mathias T1 - The Role of Interoceptive Sensibility and Emotional Conceptualization for the Experience of Emotions JF - Frontiers in psychology N2 - The theory of constructed emotions suggests that different psychological components, including core affect (mental and neural representations of bodily changes), and conceptualization (meaning-making based on prior experiences and semantic knowledge), are involved in the formation of emotions. However, little is known about their role in experiencing emotions. In the current study, we investigated how individual differences in interoceptive sensibility and emotional conceptualization (as potential correlates of these components) interact to moderate three important aspects of emotional experiences: emotional intensity (strength of emotion felt), arousal (degree of activation), and granularity (ability to differentiate emotions with precision). To this end, participants completed a series of questionnaires assessing interoceptive sensibility and emotional conceptualization and underwent two emotion experience tasks, which included standardized material (emotion differentiation task; ED task) and self-experienced episodes (day reconstruction method; DRM). Correlational analysis showed that individual differences in interoceptive sensibility and emotional conceptualization were related to each other. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed two independent factors that were referred to as sensibility and monitoring. The Sensibility factor, interpreted as beliefs about the accuracy of an individual in detecting internal physiological and emotional states, predicted higher granularity for negative words. The Monitoring factor, interpreted as the tendency to focus on the internal states of an individual, was negatively related to emotional granularity and intensity. Additionally, Sensibility scores were more strongly associated with greater well-being and adaptability measures than Monitoring scores. Our results indicate that independent processes underlying individual differences in interoceptive sensibility and emotional conceptualization contribute to emotion experiencing. KW - emotion KW - granularity KW - emotional intensity KW - well-being KW - adaptability KW - interoceptive sensibility KW - interoception Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.712418 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 12 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne, Schweiz ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lischke, Alexander A1 - Junge, Martin A1 - Hamm, Alfons O. A1 - Weymar, Mathias T1 - Enhanced processing of untrustworthiness in natural faces with neutral expressions JF - Emotion : a new journal from the American Psychological Association N2 - During social interactions, individuals rapidly and automatically judge others’ trustworthiness on the basis of subtle facial cues. To investigate the behavioral and neural correlates of these judgments, we conducted 2 studies: 1 study for the construction and evaluation of a set of natural faces differing in trustworthiness (Study 1: n = 30) and another study for the investigation of event-related potentials (ERPs) in response to this set of natural faces (Study 2: n = 30). Participants of both studies provided highly reliable and nearly identical trustworthiness ratings for the selected faces, supporting the notion that the discrimination of trustworthy and untrustworthy faces depends on distinct facial cues. These cues appear to be processed in an automatic and bottom-up-driven fashion because the free viewing of these faces was sufficient to elicit trustworthiness-related differences in late positive potentials (LPPs) as indicated by larger amplitudes to untrustworthy as compared with trustworthy faces. Taken together, these findings suggest that natural faces contain distinct cues that are automatically and rapidly processed to facilitate the discrimination of untrustworthy and trustworthy faces across various contexts, presumably by enhancing the elaborative processing of untrustworthy as compared with trustworthy faces. ( KW - face perception KW - emotion KW - trustworthiness KW - event-related potentials KW - amygdala Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0000318 SN - 1528-3542 SN - 1931-1516 VL - 18 IS - 2 SP - 181 EP - 189 PB - American Psychological Association CY - Washington ER -