@phdthesis{MahnckeZare2024, author = {Mahncke-Zare, Naghme}, title = {Legitimiertes Unrecht}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-63549}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-635499}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {316}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Das Oberste Gericht der DDR war integraler Bestandteil der sozialistischen Staatsf{\"u}hrung und unterlag strengen Denk- und Organisationsstrukturen. Es war eng in die politische Agenda der SED eingebunden und genoss keinerlei Unabh{\"a}ngigkeit. Die Auslegung des DDR-Rechts durch das Gericht orientierte sich ausschließlich an den innen- und außenpolitischen Interessen der SED. Dies galt auch f{\"u}r die Rechtsprechung in F{\"a}llen der Republikflucht und ihrer gesetzlichen Vorl{\"a}ufer. Die h{\"o}chste Gerichtsinstanz im Staat war aktiv an der Gestaltung und Umsetzung der Strafjustiz gegen Republikfl{\"u}chtige beteiligt, was wesentlich zur Festigung der Herrschaftsgewalt der SED beitrug. Die vorliegende Untersuchung analysiert Urteile des Obersten Gerichts im historisch-politischen Kontext und zeigt auf, dass die Urteilspraxis ausschließlich im Interesse parteipolitischer Ziele handelte und weder dem Volk noch der eigentlichen Rechtsfindung verpflichtet war. Des Weiteren wird der maßgebliche Beitrag des Obersten Gerichts an der schrittweisen Kriminalisierung der B{\"u}rger der DDR beleuchtet. Dies wirft ein kritisches Licht auf die Rolle des Rechtssystems bei der Sicherung von Rechtsstaatlichkeit und Menschenrechten in autorit{\"a}ren Regimen.}, language = {de} } @article{Thomeczek2024, author = {Thomeczek, Jan Philipp}, title = {B{\"u}ndnis Sahra Wagenknecht (BSW): left-wing authoritarian—and populist?}, series = {Politische Vierteljahresschrift}, journal = {Politische Vierteljahresschrift}, publisher = {Springer VS}, address = {Wiesbaden}, issn = {0032-3470}, doi = {10.1007/s11615-024-00544-z}, pages = {18}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Germany's relatively stable party system faces a new left-authoritarian challenger: Sahra Wagenknecht's B{\"u}ndnis Sahra Wagenknecht (BSW) party. First polls indicate that for the BSW, election results above 10\% are within reach. While Wagenknecht's positions in economic and cultural terms have already been discussed, this article elaborates on another highly relevant feature of Wagenknecht, namely her populist communication. Exploring Wagenknecht's and BSW's populist appeal helps us to understand why the party is said to also have potential among seemingly different voter groups coming from the far right Alternative for Germany (AfD) and far left Die Linke, which share high levels of populist attitudes. To analyse the role that populist communication plays for Wagenknecht and the BSW, this article combines quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative analysis covers all speeches (10,000) and press releases (19,000) published by Die Linke members of Parliament (MPs; 2005-2023). The results show that Wagenknecht is the (former) Die Linke MP with the highest share of populist communication. Furthermore, she was also able to convince a group of populist MPs to join the BSW. The article closes with a qualitative analysis of BSW's manifesto that reveals how populist framing plays a major role in this document, in which the political and economic elites are accused of working against the interest of "the majority". Based on this analysis, the classification of the BSW as a populist party seems to be appropriate.}, language = {en} } @article{KuehneHerboldBendeletal.2024, author = {K{\"u}hne, Katharina and Herbold, Erika and Bendel, Oliver and Zhou, Yuefang and Fischer, Martin H.}, title = {"Ick bin een Berlina"}, series = {Frontiers in robotics and AI}, volume = {10}, journal = {Frontiers in robotics and AI}, publisher = {Frontiers Media S.A.}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {2296-9144}, doi = {10.3389/frobt.2023.1241519}, pages = {15}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Background: Robots are increasingly used as interaction partners with humans. Social robots are designed to follow expected behavioral norms when engaging with humans and are available with different voices and even accents. Some studies suggest that people prefer robots to speak in the user's dialect, while others indicate a preference for different dialects. Methods: Our study examined the impact of the Berlin dialect on perceived trustworthiness and competence of a robot. One hundred and twenty German native speakers (Mage = 32 years, SD = 12 years) watched an online video featuring a NAO robot speaking either in the Berlin dialect or standard German and assessed its trustworthiness and competence. Results: We found a positive relationship between participants' self-reported Berlin dialect proficiency and trustworthiness in the dialect-speaking robot. Only when controlled for demographic factors, there was a positive association between participants' dialect proficiency, dialect performance and their assessment of robot's competence for the standard German-speaking robot. Participants' age, gender, length of residency in Berlin, and device used to respond also influenced assessments. Finally, the robot's competence positively predicted its trustworthiness. Discussion: Our results inform the design of social robots and emphasize the importance of device control in online experiments.}, language = {en} } @article{DoebbelingHildebrandtMierschKhannaetal.2024, author = {D{\"o}bbeling-Hildebrandt, Niklas and Miersch, Klaas and Khanna, Tarun M. and Bachelet, Marion and Bruns, Stephan B. and Callaghan, Max and Edenhofer, Ottmar and Flachsland, Christian and Forster, Piers M. and Kalkuhl, Matthias and Koch, Nicolas and Lamb, William F. and Ohlendorf, Nils and Steckel, Jan Christoph and Minx, Jan C.}, title = {Systematic review and meta-analysis of ex-post evaluations on the effectiveness of carbon pricing}, series = {Nature communications}, volume = {15}, journal = {Nature communications}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {London}, issn = {2041-1723}, doi = {10.1038/s41467-024-48512-w}, pages = {12}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Today, more than 70 carbon pricing schemes have been implemented around the globe, but their contributions to emissions reductions remains a subject of heated debate in science and policy. Here we assess the effectiveness of carbon pricing in reducing emissions using a rigorous, machine-learning assisted systematic review and meta-analysis. Based on 483 effect sizes extracted from 80 causal ex-post evaluations across 21 carbon pricing schemes, we find that introducing a carbon price has yielded immediate and substantial emission reductions for at least 17 of these policies, despite the low level of prices in most instances. Statistically significant emissions reductions range between -5\% to -21\% across the schemes (-4\% to -15\% after correcting for publication bias). Our study highlights critical evidence gaps with regard to dozens of unevaluated carbon pricing schemes and the price elasticity of emissions reductions. More rigorous synthesis of carbon pricing and other climate policies is required across a range of outcomes to advance our understanding of "what works" and accelerate learning on climate solutions in science and policy.}, language = {en} } @book{OPUS4-64736, title = {Der Einsatz von KI \& Robotik in der Medizin}, editor = {Ruschemeier, Hannah and Steinr{\"o}tter, Bj{\"o}rn}, edition = {1. Auflage}, publisher = {Nomos}, address = {Baden-Baden}, isbn = {978-3-7560-0476-8}, doi = {10.5771/9783748939726}, pages = {172}, year = {2024}, abstract = {K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz (KI) und Robotik sind in aller Munde. Dabei erscheinen manche der diskutierten Anwendungsf{\"a}lle noch als reine Theorie. Anders ist dies in der Medizin. Das Werk befasst sich mit den dr{\"a}ngendsten juristischen Fragen, blickt dabei aber auch {\"u}ber den Tellerrand, indem medizinisch-technische sowie ethisch-philosophische Aspekte nicht ausgeklammert bleiben.}, language = {de} } @incollection{SpangenbergerMatthesKappetal.2024, author = {Spangenberger, Pia and Matthes, Nadine and Kapp, Felix and Kruse, Linda and Draeger, Iken and Kybart, Markus and Schmidt, Kristina}, title = {MARLA}, series = {Virtual reality, augmented reality und serious games als educational technologies in der beruflichen Bildung}, booktitle = {Virtual reality, augmented reality und serious games als educational technologies in der beruflichen Bildung}, editor = {Zinn, Bernd}, publisher = {Franz Steiner Verlag}, address = {Stuttgart}, isbn = {978-3-515-13544-3}, pages = {269 -- 286}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @incollection{PerlwitzSpangenbergerStemmann2024, author = {Perlwitz, Phoebe and Spangenberger, Pia and Stemmann, Jennifer}, title = {Serious games}, series = {Virtual reality, augmented reality und serious games als educational technologies in der beruflichen Bildung}, booktitle = {Virtual reality, augmented reality und serious games als educational technologies in der beruflichen Bildung}, editor = {Zinn, Bernd}, publisher = {Franz Steiner Verlag}, address = {Stuttgart}, isbn = {978-3-515-13544-3}, pages = {235 -- 252}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Huegle2024, author = {Huegle, Johannes}, title = {Causal discovery in practice: Non-parametric conditional independence testing and tooling for causal discovery}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-63582}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-635820}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {xiv, 156}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Knowledge about causal structures is crucial for decision support in various domains. For example, in discrete manufacturing, identifying the root causes of failures and quality deviations that interrupt the highly automated production process requires causal structural knowledge. However, in practice, root cause analysis is usually built upon individual expert knowledge about associative relationships. But, "correlation does not imply causation", and misinterpreting associations often leads to incorrect conclusions. Recent developments in methods for causal discovery from observational data have opened the opportunity for a data-driven examination. Despite its potential for data-driven decision support, omnipresent challenges impede causal discovery in real-world scenarios. In this thesis, we make a threefold contribution to improving causal discovery in practice. (1) The growing interest in causal discovery has led to a broad spectrum of methods with specific assumptions on the data and various implementations. Hence, application in practice requires careful consideration of existing methods, which becomes laborious when dealing with various parameters, assumptions, and implementations in different programming languages. Additionally, evaluation is challenging due to the lack of ground truth in practice and limited benchmark data that reflect real-world data characteristics. To address these issues, we present a platform-independent modular pipeline for causal discovery and a ground truth framework for synthetic data generation that provides comprehensive evaluation opportunities, e.g., to examine the accuracy of causal discovery methods in case of inappropriate assumptions. (2) Applying constraint-based methods for causal discovery requires selecting a conditional independence (CI) test, which is particularly challenging in mixed discrete-continuous data omnipresent in many real-world scenarios. In this context, inappropriate assumptions on the data or the commonly applied discretization of continuous variables reduce the accuracy of CI decisions, leading to incorrect causal structures. Therefore, we contribute a non-parametric CI test leveraging k-nearest neighbors methods and prove its statistical validity and power in mixed discrete-continuous data, as well as the asymptotic consistency when used in constraint-based causal discovery. An extensive evaluation of synthetic and real-world data shows that the proposed CI test outperforms state-of-the-art approaches in the accuracy of CI testing and causal discovery, particularly in settings with low sample sizes. (3) To show the applicability and opportunities of causal discovery in practice, we examine our contributions in real-world discrete manufacturing use cases. For example, we showcase how causal structural knowledge helps to understand unforeseen production downtimes or adds decision support in case of failures and quality deviations in automotive body shop assembly lines.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{Rauschenbach2024, author = {Rauschenbach, Sina}, title = {Presentism and the denial of coevalness}, series = {Von Neuem: Tradition und Novation in der Vormoderne}, volume = {GRM-Beiheft 113}, booktitle = {Von Neuem: Tradition und Novation in der Vormoderne}, editor = {Huss, Bernhard}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Winter GmbH}, address = {Heidelberg}, isbn = {978-3-8253-8663-4}, doi = {10.33675/2024-82538663}, pages = {195 -- 211}, year = {2024}, abstract = {In Time and the Other Johannes Fabian analysed how modern conceptions of time were "not only secularized and naturalized but also thoroughly spatialized." According to Fabian, this was particularly visible in modern anthropology which "promoted a scheme in terms of which not only past cultures but all living societies were irrevocably placed on a temporal slope, a stream of Time - some upstream, others downstream."3 Anthropologists attributed otherness to a distant past which was traditionally associated with cultural retardation, i.e. a lower degree of development, progress, and civilization. Cultural difference was expressed in terms of temporal distance while temporal distance was attributed to spatial remoteness. The result was a phenomenon that Fabian coined "the denial of coevalness" which pointed towards "a persistent and systematic tendency to place the referent(s) of anthropology in a Time other than the present of the producer of anthropological discourse.}, language = {en} } @unpublished{HippLeumannSchober2024, author = {Hipp, Lena and Leumann, Sandra and Schober, Pia S.}, title = {Partnership penalties for working in gender-atypical occupations?}, doi = {10.31235/osf.io/ydurp}, pages = {35}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Does working in a gender-atypical occupation reduce individuals' likelihood of finding a different-sex romantic partner, and do such occupational partnership penalties contribute to occupational gender segregation? To answer this question, we theorized partnership penalties for working in gender-atypical occupations by drawing on insights from evolutionary psychology, social constructivism, and rational choice theory and exploited the stability of occupational pathways in Germany. In Study 1, we analyzed observational data from a national probability sample (N= 1,634,944) to assess whether individuals in gender-atypical occupations were less likely to be partnered than individuals who worked in gender typical occupations. To assess whether the observed partnership gaps found in Study 1 were causally related to the gender typicality of men's and women's occupations, we conducted a field experiment on a dating app (N = 6,778). Because the findings from Study 2 suggested that young women and men indeed experienced penalties for working in a gender-atypical occupation (at least when they were not highly attractive), we employed a choice-experimental design in Study 3 (N = 1,250) to assess whether women and men were aware of occupational partnership penalties and showed that anticipating occupational partnership penalties may keep young and highly educated women from working in gender-atypical occupations. Our main conclusion therefore is that that observed penalties and their anticipation seem to be driven by unconscious rather than conscious processes.}, language = {en} } @techreport{LessmannGrunerKalkuhletal.2024, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Lessmann, Kai and Gruner, Friedemann and Kalkuhl, Matthias and Edenhofer, Ottmar}, title = {Emissions Trading with Clean-up Certificates}, series = {CEPA Discussion Papers}, journal = {CEPA Discussion Papers}, number = {79}, issn = {2628-653X}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-64136}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-641368}, pages = {35}, year = {2024}, abstract = {We analyze how conventional emissions trading schemes (ETS) can be modified by introducing "clean-up certificates" to allow for a phase of net-negative emissions. Clean-up certificates bundle the permission to emit CO2 with the obligation for its removal. We show that demand for such certificates is determined by cost-saving technological progress, the discount rate and the length of the compliance period. Introducing extra clean-up certificates into an existing ETS reduces near-term carbon prices and mitigation efforts. In contrast, substituting ETS allowances with clean-up certificates reduces cumulative emissions without depressing carbon prices or mitigation in the near term. We calibrate our model to the EU ETS and identify reforms where simultaneously (i) ambition levels rise, (ii) climate damages fall, (iii) revenues from carbon prices rise and (iv) carbon prices and aggregate mitigation cost fall. For reducing climate damages, roughly half of the issued clean-up certificates should replace conventional ETS allowances. In the context of the EU ETS, a European Carbon Central Bank could manage the implementation of cleanup certificates and could serve as an enforcement mechanism.}, language = {en} } @misc{Munk2024, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Munk, Sarah Chaya}, title = {The Messianic Jewish Movement and its relation to Torah}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-63644}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-636441}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {110}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Die vorliegende Arbeit zur Messianisch J{\"u}dischen Bewegung und ihrer Beziehung zur Torah erforscht exemplarisch anhand von 10 Interviews mit ausgew{\"a}hlten Jeshua-gl{\"a}ubigen Juden in Leitungsfunktionen die verschiedenen Aspekte der Beziehung zur Torah. Dabei entsteht durch die Auswahl der Interviewpartner eine f{\"u}r die Bewegung als ganze typische Bandbreite von verschiedenen Positionen, die sich zwar in vielen Punkten {\"u}berlappen, doch vielfach grundverschieden sind und zum Teil einander widersprechen. Besonderes Augenmerk wird auf die theologisch begr{\"u}ndeten, divergenten und sich widersprechenden Positionen gelegt, mit dem Versuch, diese verst{\"a}ndlich zu machen. Nach einer kurzen Einf{\"u}hrung zur Messianisch J{\"u}dischen Bewegung werden Aspekte der Messianisch-J{\"u}dischen Doppelidentit{\"a}t beleuchtet und ihre Relevanz f{\"u}r die Beziehung zur Torah aufgezeigt. Diesem folgt ein {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber die Foren, in denen Jeshua-gl{\"a}ubige Juden {\"u}ber ihre Beziehung zur Torah diskutieren. Die umfangreiche Bibliographie am Ende der Arbeit erlaubt Einblick in einen lebhaften, noch l{\"a}ngst nicht abgeschlossenen Diskussionsprozess innerhalb der Bewegung. Eine knapp kommentierte Begriffsdifferenzierung dient als {\"U}bersicht {\"u}ber die wichtigsten Bedeutungen von Torah, die in der Messianisch J{\"u}dischen Bewegung Verwendung finden. Nach diesen Vorarbeiten wird die Feldstudie pr{\"a}sentiert. Eine Beschreibung des Forschungsfeldes und methodologische Reflexionen sind den Interviews vorangestellt. In den Interviews werden zun{\"a}chst die Assoziationen mit dem Begriff Torah erfasst und die begriffliche F{\"u}llung und Verwendung gekl{\"a}rt. Hier schon zeigen sich einige gravierende Unterschiede. Die theologischen Positionen und Verst{\"a}ndnisse von Torah werden mit dem biographischen Kontext und Hauptwirkungsfeld und mit Nennung der wichtigsten formenden Einfl{\"u}sse dargestellt. Festgehalten werden zun{\"a}chst die Punkte, in denen bei allen {\"U}bereinstimmung herrscht, denn sie dienen als gemeinsame Basis. Alle studieren die schriftliche Torah und erachten diese wie auch den {\"u}brigen Tanach und die Schriften des Neuen Testaments in der vorliegenden Form als g{\"o}ttlich inspiriert und autoritativ verbindlich. Alle haben f{\"u}r sich einen positiven Zugang zur Torah, entsprechend ihrer eigenen Begriffsdefinition, gefunden. F{\"u}r alle weist die schriftliche Torah und der Tanach auf Jeshua hin. Alle sind sich einig, dass Jeshua die Torah nicht außer Kraft gesetzt, sondern erf{\"u}llt hat. Und alle f{\"u}hlen als Jude in irgendeiner Weise eine Verantwortung gegen{\"u}ber der Torah. In Bezug auf das Halten von Geboten sagen alle, dass sich keiner dadurch den Weg in den Himmel erwerben kann. G-ttes Treue gegen{\"u}ber Seinen Verheißungen f{\"u}r Israel wird von allen bekr{\"a}ftigt, doch ob der neue Bund in Jeshua den alten Bund vom Berg Sinai abgel{\"o}st hat, oder ob er einfach zum bereits bestehenden Bund von Sinai hinzukommt, ob rituelle Gebote nach Jeshua's Tod und Auferstehung und der Zerst{\"o}rung des Tempels weiter gehalten werden sollen, ob die Gebote zur Absonderung von den Nationen weiter gehalten werden sollen, ob und unter welchen Bedingungen rabbinischer Halacha gefolgt werden soll und was die Einzelnen in ihren Familien und Gemeinden tun und lehren, dies wird Interview um Interview er{\"o}rtert. Es zeigt sich, wie verschiedene Leseweisen und Gewichtungen von Schl{\"u}sselschriftstellen die verschiedenen Positionen hervorbringen. So wie die Verschiedenartigkeit der Positionen in Beziehung zur Torah bereits ahnen l{\"a}sst, sind die Interview-Partner zur Frage nach einer Messianisch J{\"u}dischen Halacha geteilter Meinung. Doch auch hier wird der Begriff Halacha von den Repr{\"a}sentanten verschieden gef{\"u}llt. Zum Schluss der Feldstudie werden die Versuche, Messianisch J{\"u}dische Halacha zu produzieren und die Probleme und Kritikpunkte, die von anderen Interviewpartnern dagegen ge{\"a}ußert wurden erl{\"a}utert. Den Abschluss der Arbeit bilden ein theologischer Rahmen, der all die verschiedenen Positionen und Beziehungen zur Torah fassen kann und einige Ansatzpunkte f{\"u}r eine m{\"o}gliche Messianisch J{\"u}dische hermeneutische Theologie der Torah.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Lorson2024, author = {Lorson, Annalena}, title = {Understanding early stage evolution of digital innovation units in manufacturing companies}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-63914}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-639141}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {XI, 149}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The dynamic landscape of digital transformation entails an impact on industrial-age manufacturing companies that goes beyond product offerings, changing operational paradigms, and requiring an organization-wide metamorphosis. An initiative to address the given challenges is the creation of Digital Innovation Units (DIUs) - departments or distinct legal entities that use new structures and practices to develop digital products, services, and business models and support or drive incumbents' digital transformation. With more than 300 units in German-speaking countries alone and an increasing number of scientific publications, DIUs have become a widespread phenomenon in both research and practice. This dissertation examines the evolution process of DIUs in the manufacturing industry during their first three years of operation, through an extensive longitudinal single-case study and several cross-case syntheses of seven DIUs. Building on the lenses of organizational change and development, time, and socio-technical systems, this research provides insights into the fundamentals, temporal dynamics, socio-technical interactions, and relational dynamics of a DIU's evolution process. Thus, the dissertation promotes a dynamic understanding of DIUs and adds a two-dimensional perspective to the often one-dimensional view of these units and their interactions with the main organization throughout the startup and growth phases of a DIU. Furthermore, the dissertation constructs a phase model that depicts the early stages of DIU evolution based on these findings and by incorporating literature from information systems research. As a result, it illustrates the progressive intensification of collaboration between the DIU and the main organization. After being implemented, the DIU sparks initial collaboration and instigates change within (parts of) the main organization. Over time, it adapts to the corporate environment to some extent, responding to changing circumstances in order to contribute to long-term transformation. Temporally, the DIU drives the early phases of cooperation and adaptation in particular, while the main organization triggers the first major evolutionary step and realignment of the DIU. Overall, the thesis identifies DIUs as malleable organizational structures that are crucial for digital transformation. Moreover, it provides guidance for practitioners on the process of building a new DIU from scratch or optimizing an existing one.}, language = {en} } @misc{Ziemann2024, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Ziemann, Felix}, title = {Entwicklung und Evaluation einer prototypischen Lernumgebung f{\"u}r das systematische Debugging logischer Fehler in Quellcode}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-63273}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-632734}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {x, 98}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Wo programmiert wird, da passieren Fehler. Um das Debugging, also die Suche sowie die Behebung von Fehlern in Quellcode, st{\"a}rker explizit zu adressieren, verfolgt die vorliegende Arbeit das Ziel, entlang einer prototypischen Lernumgebung sowohl ein systematisches Vorgehen w{\"a}hrend des Debuggings zu vermitteln als auch Gestaltungsfolgerungen f{\"u}r ebensolche Lernumgebungen zu identifizieren. Dazu wird die folgende Forschungsfrage gestellt: Wie verhalten sich die Lernenden w{\"a}hrend des kurzzeitigen Gebrauchs einer Lernumgebung nach dem Cognitive Apprenticeship-Ansatz mit dem Ziel der expliziten Vermittlung eines systematischen Debuggingvorgehens und welche Eindr{\"u}cke entstehen w{\"a}hrend der Bearbeitung? Zur Beantwortung dieser Forschungsfrage wurde orientierend an literaturbasierten Implikationen f{\"u}r die Vermittlung von Debugging und (medien-)didaktischen Gestaltungsaspekten eine prototypische Lernumgebung entwickelt und im Rahmen einer qualitativen Nutzerstudie mit Bachelorstudierenden informatischer Studieng{\"a}nge erprobt. Hierbei wurden zum einen anwendungsbezogene Verbesserungspotenziale identifiziert. Zum anderen zeigte sich insbesondere gegen{\"u}ber der Systematisierung des Debuggingprozesses innerhalb der Aufgabenbearbeitung eine positive Resonanz. Eine Untersuchung, inwieweit sich die Nutzung der Lernumgebung l{\"a}ngerfristig auf das Verhalten von Personen und ihre Vorgehensweisen w{\"a}hrend des Debuggings auswirkt, k{\"o}nnte Gegenstand kommender Arbeiten sein.}, language = {de} } @article{FleischerDanielsenNebyetal.2024, author = {Fleischer, Julia and Danielsen, Ole A. and Neby, Simon and Nykvist, Rasmus}, title = {The state as a marketizer vs. the marketization of the state}, series = {Public organization review : a global journal}, journal = {Public organization review : a global journal}, publisher = {Springer Science + Business Media B.V.}, address = {Dordrecht}, issn = {1566-7170}, doi = {10.1007/s11115-024-00769-x}, pages = {16}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Governments engage in corporatization by creating corporate entities or reorganizing existing ones. These corporatization activities reflect an interplay between political agency and environmental pressures, including (changing) notions of state-market relations. This paper discusses two ideal-typed organizational models of corporatization: the state as a marketizer and the marketization of the state. Whereas the first emphasizes the role of political design and agency in corporatization, the second emphasizes the role of (actors in) the environment for corporatization. Both models are assessed across five corporatization episodes in Norway and Sweden, where we also demonstrate the interplay between political agency and environmental pressure.}, language = {en} } @misc{Bunselmeyer2024, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Bunselmeyer, Lena}, title = {Die Agenda 2030 in kommunalen Nachhaltigkeitsstrategien}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-63487}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-634873}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {64}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Die 2016 verabschiedeten Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) der Vereinten Nationen sind Referenzrahmen von Nachhaltigkeitsstrategien auf Bundes- Landes- und kommunaler Ebene geworden. St{\"a}dte r{\"u}ckten im Zuge der Agenda 2030 in den Mittelpunkt. Ihre Verwaltungen befinden sich dabei in einem herausfordernden Spannungsfeld: Einerseits haben die SDGs den holistischen Anspruch, vollst{\"a}ndig in das Handeln der Kommunen integriert zu werden. Andererseits ist f{\"u}r eine effektive Umsetzung eine starke Anpassung der SDGs an den lokalen Kontext notwendig. Die vorliegende Arbeit betrachtet anhand einer Fallstudie die Frage, wie Kommunen die Nachhaltigkeitsziele der Vereinten Nationen in ihre Handlungsprogramme und Nachhaltigkeitsstrategien {\"u}bersetzen, und welche Faktoren Einfluss auf diesen Prozess haben. Dabei wird ein translationstheoretischer Ansatz verwendet, der die {\"U}bertragung einer Idee in einen lokalen Kontext als aktiven Transfer versteht, bei dem das Handeln der beteiligten Akteure und deren Konstruktion der aufzunehmenden Idee im Fokus steht. Die Translation wird mit Hilfe von qualitativen Interviews nachvollzogen und analysiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die SDGs zwar anhand ihrer Relevanz f{\"u}r die Kommune gefiltert werden, der normative Anspruch der SDGs aber erhalten bleibt und angesichts des als gering beurteilten Fortschritts der Kommune besonderes Gewicht erh{\"a}lt. Zentrale Einflussfaktoren f{\"u}r die Translation sind die verf{\"u}gbaren personellen und finanziellen Ressourcen, die Akzeptanz f{\"u}r die SDGs in Verwaltung, Politik und Gesellschaft und nicht zuletzt das pers{\"o}nliche Engagement einzelner Verwaltungsmitarbeiter*innen.}, language = {de} } @article{KritikosMalirantaNippalaetal.2024, author = {Kritikos, Alexander S. and Maliranta, Mika and Nippala, Veera and Nurmi, Satu}, title = {Does gender of firm ownership matter?}, series = {Journal of population economics}, volume = {37}, journal = {Journal of population economics}, number = {2}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {0933-1433}, doi = {10.1007/s00148-024-01030-x}, pages = {1 -- 31}, year = {2024}, abstract = {We examine how the gender of business owners is related to the wages paid to female relative to male employees working in their firms. Using Finnish register data and employing firm fixed effects, we find that the gender pay gap is—starting from a gender pay gap of 11 to 12\%—two to three percentage points lower for hourly wages in female-owned firms than in male-owned firms. Results are robust to how the wage is measured, as well as to various further robustness checks. More importantly, we find substantial differences between industries. While, for instance, in the manufacturing sector, the gender of the owner plays no role in the gender pay gap, in several service sector industries, like ICT or business services, no or a negligible gender pay gap can be found, but only when firms are led by female business owners. Businesses with male ownership maintain a gender pay gap of around 10\% also in the latter industries. With increasing firm size, the influence of the gender of the owner, however, fades. In large firms, it seems that others—firm managers—determine wages and no differences in the pay gap are observed between male- and female-owned firms.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Mitsch2024, author = {Mitsch, Wolfgang}, title = {\S 115 Ordnungswidrigkeiten}, series = {BeckOK Informations- und Medienrecht}, booktitle = {BeckOK Informations- und Medienrecht}, editor = {Gersdorf, Hubertus and Paal, Boris P.}, edition = {44. Edition, Stand: 01.11.2023}, publisher = {Beck}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Sareeto2024, author = {Sareeto, Apatsara}, title = {Algebraic properties of a subsemigroup of the symmetric inverse semigroup}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {92}, year = {2024}, language = {en} } @article{KelleyHippProtsch2024, author = {Kelley, Kristin and Hipp, Lena and Protsch, Paula}, title = {Organizational commitments to equality change how people view women's and men's professional success}, series = {Scientific reports}, volume = {14}, journal = {Scientific reports}, number = {1}, publisher = {Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature}, address = {London}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-024-56829-1}, pages = {10}, year = {2024}, abstract = {To address women's underrepresentation in high-status positions, many organizations have committed to gender equality. But is women's professional success viewed less positively when organizations commit to women's advancement? Do equality commitments have positive effects on evaluations of successful men? We fielded a survey experiment with a national probability sample in Germany (N = 3229) that varied employees' gender and their organization's commitment to equality. Respondents read about a recently promoted employee and rated how decisive of a role they thought intelligence and effort played in getting the employee promoted from 1 "Not at all decisive" to 7 "Very decisive" and the fairness of the promotion from 1 "Very unfair" to 7 "Very fair." When organizations committed to women's advancement rather than uniform performance standards, people believed intelligence and effort were less decisive in women's promotions, but that intelligence was more decisive in men's promotions. People viewed women's promotions as least fair and men's as most fair in organizations committed to women's advancement. However, women's promotions were still viewed more positively than men's in all conditions and on all outcomes, suggesting people believed that organizations had double standards for success that required women to be smarter and work harder to be promoted, especially in organizations that did not make equality commitments.}, language = {en} } @article{FrodermannHippBuenning2024, author = {Frodermann, Corinna and Hipp, Lena and B{\"u}nning, Mareike}, title = {Money matters!}, series = {Gender \& society}, volume = {38}, journal = {Gender \& society}, number = {3}, publisher = {Sage}, address = {Thousand Oaks}, issn = {0891-2432}, doi = {10.1177/08912432241252601}, pages = {436 -- 465}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This paper examines the context dependency of attitudes toward maternal employment. We test three sets of factors that may affect these attitudes—economic benefits, normative obligations, and child-related consequences—by analyzing data from a unique survey experimental design implemented in a large-scale household panel survey in Germany (17,388 observations from 3,494 respondents). Our results show that the economic benefits associated with maternal employment are the most important predictor of attitudes supporting maternal employment. Moreover, we find that attitudes toward maternal employment vary by individual, household, and contextual characteristics (in particular, childcare quality). We interpret this variation as an indication that negative attitudes toward maternal employment do not necessarily reflect gender essentialism; rather, gender role attitudes are contingent upon the frames individuals have in mind.}, language = {en} } @book{AlexyFisahnHaehnchenetal.2024, author = {Alexy, Lennart and Fisahn, Andreas and H{\"a}hnchen, Susanne and Mushoff, Tobias and Trepte, Uwe}, title = {Das Rechtslexikon}, edition = {2., vollst{\"a}ndig {\"u}berarbeitete und erweiterte}, publisher = {Dietz}, address = {Bonn}, isbn = {978-3-8012-0631-4}, pages = {356}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Kompetenz im handlichen Format in {\"u}ber 1.400 Stichw{\"o}rtern, 26 Tabellen und Schaubildern zu allen wichtigen Rechtsgebieten: Zivilrecht (z. B. Familien- und Erbrecht, Versicherungsrecht), Arbeitsrecht, {\"O}ffentliches Recht (z. B. Baurecht, Staats- und Verfassungsrecht, Umweltrecht, Verwaltungsrecht), Sozialrecht (z. B. Arbeitslosen- und Rentenversicherung), Strafrecht (einschließlich Jugendstrafrecht und Ordnungswidrigkeiten) sowie ihren europa- und v{\"o}lkerrechtlichen Bez{\"u}gen. Das Rechtslexikon ist in seiner 2. Auflage erg{\"a}nzt worden um zahlreiche neue und aktuelle Begriffe wie Impfpflicht, Quarant{\"a}ne, Radwegbenutzung, Schutzpflicht, Crowdworking, Homeoffice/mobiles Arbeiten, Datenschutzgrundverordnung, Mediation, Smart Contract u.v.a.m. Das Lexikon erkl{\"a}rt außerdem Normen und Grunds{\"a}tze des deutschen und europ{\"a}ischen Rechts, knapp, zuverl{\"a}ssig und verst{\"a}ndlich. Grundlegende Fragen und Zusammenh{\"a}nge werden in besonderen {\"U}berblicksartikeln erl{\"a}utert. Querverweise machen auf verwandte Themen im Lexikon aufmerksam. Ein Lexikon f{\"u}r juristisch interessierte Laien, Studierende sowie Sch{\"u}lerinnen und Sch{\"u}ler.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{BierbrauerzuBrennstein2024, author = {Bierbrauer zu Brennstein, Sophie-Charlotte von}, title = {Die Juristenausbildung in der SBZ-DDR als System durchgeformter Kontrolle}, series = {Schriften zur Rechtsgeschichte}, volume = {221}, journal = {Schriften zur Rechtsgeschichte}, publisher = {Duncker \& Humblot}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-428-19054-6}, doi = {10.3790/978-3-428-59054-4}, pages = {377}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Law Studies in the SBZ/GDR as a System of Organized Control. Evaluation of Sources with Special Consideration of the Selection, Education and Further Training of Public Prosecutors«: Using the original sources kept in the Federal Archives, this work examines the requirements placed on law studies in the GDR and the circumstances under which legal training took place. The analysis of the archive material leads to the conclusion that the education and training of GDR lawyers was determined by a systematic political-ideological education and control to ensure the goals of the socialist party.}, language = {de} } @article{FranzkeKuhlmannPeters2024, author = {Franzke, Jochen and Kuhlmann, Sabine and Peters, Niklas}, title = {Krisen-Governance im europ{\"a}ischen Vergleich}, series = {Kommunalwissenschaften an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (KWI-Schriften ; 15)}, journal = {Kommunalwissenschaften an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (KWI-Schriften ; 15)}, number = {15}, editor = {Schmidt, Thorsten Ingo and Bickenbach, Christian and Gronewold, Ulfert and Kuhlmann, Sabine and Ulrich, Peter}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-581-1}, issn = {1867-951X}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-64784}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-647843}, pages = {59 -- 71}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @article{Bauer2024, author = {Bauer, Hartmut}, title = {Die Strahlkraft des Kommunalwissenschaftlichen Instituts im Spiegel der KWI-Schriften}, series = {Kommunalwissenschaften an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (KWI-Schriften ; 15)}, journal = {Kommunalwissenschaften an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (KWI-Schriften ; 15)}, number = {15}, editor = {Schmidt, Thorsten Ingo and Bickenbach, Christian and Gronewold, Ulfert and Kuhlmann, Sabine and Ulrich, Peter}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-581-1}, issn = {1867-951X}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-64759}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-647593}, pages = {31 -- 40}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @article{Bickenbach2024, author = {Bickenbach, Christian}, title = {Gedanken zum Klimaschutz- und Klimaanpassungsrecht auf kommunaler Ebene}, series = {Kommunalwissenschaften an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (KWI-Schriften ; 15)}, journal = {Kommunalwissenschaften an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (KWI-Schriften ; 15)}, number = {15}, editor = {Schmidt, Thorsten Ingo and Bickenbach, Christian and Gronewold, Ulfert and Kuhlmann, Sabine and Ulrich, Peter}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-581-1}, issn = {1867-951X}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-64783}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-647833}, pages = {47 -- 58}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @article{Wagner2024, author = {Wagner, Dieter}, title = {Personalmanagement und KWI}, series = {Kommunalwissenschaften an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (KWI-Schriften ; 15)}, journal = {Kommunalwissenschaften an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (KWI-Schriften ; 15)}, number = {15}, editor = {Schmidt, Thorsten Ingo and Bickenbach, Christian and Gronewold, Ulfert and Kuhlmann, Sabine and Ulrich, Peter}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-581-1}, issn = {1867-951X}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-64782}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-647820}, pages = {41 -- 44}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @book{SchmidtUlrichBuechneretal.2024, author = {Schmidt, Thorsten Ingo and Ulrich, Peter and B{\"u}chner, Christiane and Franzke, Jochen and Jann, Werner and Bauer, Hartmut and Wagner, Dieter and Br{\"u}ning, Christoph and Bickenbach, Christian and Kuhlmann, Sabine and Peters, Niklas and Reichard, Christoph and Tessmann, Jens and Maaß, Christian and Kern, Kristine and Kochsk{\"a}mper, Elisa and Gailing, Ludger and Krzymuski, Marcin}, title = {Kommunalwissenschaften an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, series = {KWI-Schriften}, journal = {KWI-Schriften}, number = {15}, editor = {Schmidt, Thorsten Ingo and Bickenbach, Christian and Gronewold, Ulfert and Kuhlmann, Sabine and Ulrich, Peter}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-581-1}, issn = {1867-951X}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-63618}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-636180}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {124}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Zum dreißigj{\"a}hrigen Bestehen des Kommunalwissenschaftlichen Instituts an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam vereint dieser Jubil{\"a}umsband kurze Aufs{\"a}tze von ehemaligen und aktuellen Vorstandsmitgliedern, von Ehrenmitgliedern des Vorstands, langj{\"a}hrigen wissenschaftlichen Mitarbeitern des Instituts und aktuellen wissenschaftlichen Kooperationspartnern. Die insgesamt zw{\"o}lf Beitr{\"a}ge befassen sich mit den Kommunalwissenschaften und der Geschichte des Kommunalwissenschaftlichen Instituts, mit aktuellen kommunalwissenschaftlichen Fragestellungen und wissenschaftlichen Kooperationen des KWI. Der vom KWI-Vorstand herausgegebene Band soll einen breiten Blick auf 30 Jahre Kommunalwissenschaften in Brandenburg und an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam werfen und einen Ausblick auf zuk{\"u}nftige kommunalwissenschaftliche Forschung geben.}, language = {de} } @article{Maass2024, author = {Maaß, Christian}, title = {Brandenburg, (k)ein Land der Reformen?}, series = {Kommunalwissenschaften an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (KWI-Schriften ; 15)}, journal = {Kommunalwissenschaften an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (KWI-Schriften ; 15)}, number = {15}, editor = {Schmidt, Thorsten Ingo and Bickenbach, Christian and Gronewold, Ulfert and Kuhlmann, Sabine and Ulrich, Peter}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-581-1}, issn = {1867-951X}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-64787}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-647878}, pages = {87 -- 98}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @article{KernKochskaemper2024, author = {Kern, Kristine and Kochsk{\"a}mper, Elisa}, title = {Wege zur urbanen Transformation}, series = {Kommunalwissenschaften an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (KWI-Schriften ; 15)}, journal = {Kommunalwissenschaften an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (KWI-Schriften ; 15)}, number = {15}, editor = {Schmidt, Thorsten Ingo and Bickenbach, Christian and Gronewold, Ulfert and Kuhlmann, Sabine and Ulrich, Peter}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-581-1}, issn = {1867-951X}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-64788}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-647882}, pages = {101 -- 109}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @article{Gailing2024, author = {Gailing, Ludger}, title = {Regionalplanung - und die Kommunalwissenschaften}, series = {Kommunalwissenschaften an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (KWI-Schriften ; 15)}, journal = {Kommunalwissenschaften an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (KWI-Schriften ; 15)}, number = {15}, editor = {Schmidt, Thorsten Ingo and Bickenbach, Christian and Gronewold, Ulfert and Kuhlmann, Sabine and Ulrich, Peter}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-581-1}, issn = {1867-951X}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-64789}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-647899}, pages = {111 -- 120}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @article{Tessmann2024, author = {Tessmann, Jens}, title = {Organisationsvarianten kommunaler Selbstverwaltung in Deutschland}, series = {Kommunalwissenschaften an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (KWI-Schriften ; 15)}, journal = {Kommunalwissenschaften an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (KWI-Schriften ; 15)}, number = {15}, editor = {Schmidt, Thorsten Ingo and Bickenbach, Christian and Gronewold, Ulfert and Kuhlmann, Sabine and Ulrich, Peter}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-581-1}, issn = {1867-951X}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-64786}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-647869}, pages = {79 -- 85}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @article{Reichard2024, author = {Reichard, Christoph}, title = {Der kommunale Produkthaushalt - Zwischenbilanz nach 20 Jahren}, series = {Kommunalwissenschaften an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (KWI-Schriften ; 15)}, journal = {Kommunalwissenschaften an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (KWI-Schriften ; 15)}, number = {15}, editor = {Schmidt, Thorsten Ingo and Bickenbach, Christian and Gronewold, Ulfert and Kuhlmann, Sabine and Ulrich, Peter}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-581-1}, issn = {1867-951X}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-64785}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-647856}, pages = {73 -- 78}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @article{Krzymuski2024, author = {Krzymuski, Marcin}, title = {Ph{\"a}nomen des Kollisionsrechts im Verwaltungsrecht?}, series = {Kommunalwissenschaften an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (KWI-Schriften ; 15)}, journal = {Kommunalwissenschaften an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (KWI-Schriften ; 15)}, number = {15}, editor = {Schmidt, Thorsten Ingo and Bickenbach, Christian and Gronewold, Ulfert and Kuhlmann, Sabine and Ulrich, Peter}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-581-1}, issn = {1867-951X}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-64791}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-647912}, pages = {121 -- 124}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @book{Lettl2024, author = {Lettl, Tobias}, title = {Gewerblicher Rechtsschutz}, series = {Grundrisse des Rechts}, journal = {Grundrisse des Rechts}, edition = {2}, publisher = {C.H. Beck}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, isbn = {978-3-406-81740-3}, doi = {10.17104/9783406817410}, pages = {XVI, 315}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Der Gewerbliche Rechtsschutz ist mit seinen Bestandteilen Patentrecht, Gebrauchsmusterrecht, Designrecht und Markenrecht ein wichtiger Bestandteil der Schwerpunktbereiche zum Wirtschaftsrecht und Gewerblichen Rechtsschutz. Die Materie ist eng mit den Problemen der Informationsgesellschaft verkn{\"u}pft und unterliegt gegenw{\"a}rtig einigen {\"A}nderungen. Der Grundriss stellt das Rechtsgebiet kompakt und hochaktuell dar. Insbesondere sind neueste Entscheidungen aus der Rechtsprechung eingearbeitet. Das Werk stellt in erster Linie die deutsche Rechtslage, stets unter Einbeziehung der Vorgaben des Rechts der Europ{\"a}ischen Union dar. Der Grundriss orientiert sich an der Struktur der Gesetze und konzentriert sich auf das f{\"u}r Ausbildung und Pr{\"u}fung Relevante. Schwerpunkte bildet dabei das f{\"u}r Pr{\"u}fungsarbeiten wie Klausuren und Hausarbeiten regelm{\"a}ßig so wichtige materielle Recht. F{\"u}r das Patentrecht, Gebrauchsmusterrecht, Designrecht und Markenrecht sind jeweils dargestellt :Schutzrechtsgegenstand Schutzrechtsinhaber Formelle Voraussetzungen f{\"u}r die Entstehung des Schutzrechts Schutzrechtsumfang Schutzrechtsdauer Verkehrsf{\"a}higkeit des Schutzrechts Rechtsfolgen bei Schutzrechtsverletzung. Die Materie wird anschaulich und mit vielen Beispielen, F{\"a}llen und Grafiken dargestellt.Vorteile auf einen Blickkompakte Darstellung des geltenden Rechts vom Autor des Wettbewerbsrechts, Kartellrechts und Urheberrechts in der Grundriss-Reihe zahlreiche Beispiele, F{\"a}lle und {\"U}bersichten zur Veranschaulichung. Mit der 2. Auflage wird das Werk auf den neuesten Stand gebracht. Insbesondere sind das Zweite Gesetz zur Vereinfachung und Modernisierung des Patentrechts (2. PatMoG), das Gesetz zur Anpassung patentrechtlicher Vorschriften auf Grund der europ{\"a}ischen Patentreform, das Verbandsklagenrichtlinienumsetzungsgesetz und das Gesetz zur St{\"a}rkung des fairen Wettbewerbs ber{\"u}cksichtigt. Eingearbeitet sind außerdem die Grundlagenentscheidungen EuGH WRP 2020, 438 - Constantin Film Produktion/EUIPO ("Fack Ju G{\"o}the"), EuGH WRP 2020, 707 - Coty Germany/Amazon Services Europe u.a., EuGH WRP 2020, 707 - G{\"o}mb{\"o}c Kutat{\´o}, Szolg{\´a}to {\´e}s Kreskedelmi/Szellemi Tuljadon Nemzeti Hivatala, EuGH WRP 2020, 1007 - mk adovkaten/MBK Rechtsanw{\"a}lte, BGH GRUR 2019, 496 - Spannungsversorgungsvorrichtung, BGH WRP 2019, 1311 - Ortlieb II, BGH WRP 2020, 1311 - Quadratische Tafelschokoladenverpackung, BGH GRUR 2022, 893 - Aminos{\"a}ureproduktion.}, language = {de} } @book{Lettl2024, author = {Lettl, Tobias}, title = {Urheberrecht}, series = {Grundrisse des Rechts}, journal = {Grundrisse des Rechts}, edition = {5., neu bearbeitete Auflage}, publisher = {C.H. Beck}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, isbn = {978-3-406-81757-1}, doi = {10.17104/9783406817588}, pages = {XVIII, 444}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Das Urheberrecht ist ein wichtiger Bestandteil der Wahlf{\"a}cher Wirtschaftsrecht und Gewerblicher Rechtsschutz. Gegenstand des Rechtsgebiets sind die Rechte an Werken der Literatur, Wissenschaft und Kunst. Die Materie ist eng mit den Problemen der Informationsgesellschaft verkn{\"u}pft und unterliegt gegenw{\"a}rtig zahlreichen {\"A}nderungen.Der Grundriss stellt das Rechtsgebiet kompakt und hochaktuell dar. Insbesondere sind neueste Entscheidungen aus der Rechtsprechung eingearbeitet.Das Werk stellt nicht nur das Urheberrecht im eigentlichen Sinne, sondern auch Teile des Kunsturhebergesetzes, insbesondere das Recht am eigenen Bild, eingehend dar.Der Grundriss orientiert sich an der Struktur des Gesetzes und konzentriert sich auf das f{\"u}r Ausbildung und Pr{\"u}fung Relevante. Schwerpunkte bilden dabei: Werkbegriff {\"U}bertragung von Nutzungs- und Verwertungsrechten Rechtsfolgen von Urheberrechtsverletzungen Urheberrechts-Diensteanbieter-Gesetz (UrhDaG) Recht am eigenen Bild nach 22, 23 Kunst UrhG. Die Materie wird anschaulich und mit vielen Beispielen, Schemata und Grafiken dargestellt.Vorteile auf einen Blickkompakte Darstellung des geltenden Rechts vom Autor des Gewerblichen Rechtsschutzes, Lauterkeitsrechts, Kartellrechts und Urheberrechts jeweils in der Grundriss-Reihe zahlreiche Beispiele und {\"U}bersichten zur Veranschaulichung. Mit der 5. Auflage wird das Werk auf den neuesten Stand gebracht.Insbesondere sind das Gesetz zur Anpassung des Urheberrechts an die Erfordernisse des digitalen Binnenmarktes, das Gesetz zur St{\"a}rkung des fairen Wettbewerbs sowie zahlreiche neue Grundlagenentscheidungen des BGH zum Verzicht auf das Namensnennungsrecht nach 13 S. 2 UrhG (WRP 2023, 1469 - Microstock-Portal), zur Haftung von Plattformen (WRP 2022, 1106 - YouTube II u. 1120 - up-loaded II), zur freien Benutzung (WRP 2022, 729 - Porsche 911) und zum Bildnisschutz (GRUR 2021, 1222 - Die Auserw{\"a}hlten; WRP 2022, 601 - Tina Turner) eingearbeitet.}, language = {de} } @misc{Verwiebe2024, author = {Verwiebe, Roland}, title = {Social institutions}, series = {Encyclopedia of quality of life and well-being research}, journal = {Encyclopedia of quality of life and well-being research}, editor = {Maggino, Filomena}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-031-17298-4}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-17299-1_2768}, pages = {6598 -- 6600}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Social institutions are a system of behavioral and relationship patterns that are densely interwoven and enduring and function across an entire society. They order and structure the behavior of individuals in core areas of society and thus have a strong impact on the quality of life of individuals. Institutions regulate the following: (a) family and relationship networks carry out social reproduction and socialization; (b) institutions in the realm of education and training ensure the transmission and cultivation of knowledge, abilities, and specialized skills; (c) institutions in the labor market and economy provide for the production and distribution of goods and services; (d) institutions in the realm of law, governance, and politics provide for the maintenance of the social order; (e) while cultural, media, and religious institutions further the development of contexts of meaning, value orientations, and symbolic codes.}, language = {en} } @article{Jann2024, author = {Jann, Werner}, title = {Gibt es eine Kommunalwissenschaft? - eine ewige Geschichte}, series = {Kommunalwissenschaften an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (KWI-Schriften ; 15)}, journal = {Kommunalwissenschaften an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (KWI-Schriften ; 15)}, number = {15}, editor = {Schmidt, Thorsten Ingo and Bickenbach, Christian and Gronewold, Ulfert and Kuhlmann, Sabine and Ulrich, Peter}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-581-1}, issn = {1867-951X}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-64758}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-647584}, pages = {23 -- 29}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Kaneza2024, author = {Kaneza, Elisabeth}, title = {Rassische Diskriminierung in Deutschland}, series = {Schriften des MenschenRechtsZentrums der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, volume = {49}, journal = {Schriften des MenschenRechtsZentrums der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, publisher = {Nomos}, address = {Baden-Baden}, isbn = {978-3-7560-1461-3}, doi = {10.5771/9783748919988}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {417}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Diese Arbeit zeigt auf, wie historisch und rechtlich eine Ungleichheit zwischen Schwarzen und Weißen in Deutschland gewachsen ist und geht der Frage nach, welche Anforderungen das Verfassungsrecht, die Rechtspraxis und die Politik erf{\"u}llen m{\"u}ssen, um sie auszugleichen. Eingangs wird die Entwicklung des Verbots der rassischen Diskriminierung im internationalen und nationalen Recht dargelegt. Folglich zeichnet die Verfasserin die Diskriminierungsgeschichte von Schwarzen Menschen nach. Zur {\"U}berwindung der nach wie vor bestehenden strukturellen Diskriminierung schl{\"a}gt sie ein positives Recht vor, das sich auf Menschenrechtsstandards und L{\"o}sungsans{\"a}tzen aus Rechtsvergleichen st{\"u}tzt und die Gleichberechtigung von Schwarzen Menschen bewirken soll.}, language = {de} } @article{BiermannNowakBraunetal.2024, author = {Biermann, Kaija and Nowak, Bianca and Braun, Lea-Marie and Taddicken, Monika and Kr{\"a}mer, Nicole C. and Stieglitz, Stefan}, title = {Does scientific evidence sell?}, series = {Science communication}, volume = {0}, journal = {Science communication}, publisher = {Sage}, address = {Thousand Oaks, Calif.}, issn = {1075-5470}, doi = {10.1177/10755470241249468}, pages = {34}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Examining the dissemination of evidence on social media, we analyzed the discourse around eight visible scientists in the context of COVID-19. Using manual (N = 1,406) and automated coding (N = 42,640) on an account-based tracked Twitter/X dataset capturing scientists' activities and eliciting reactions over six 2-week periods, we found that visible scientists' tweets included more scientific evidence. However, public reactions contained more anecdotal evidence. Findings indicate that evidence can be a message characteristic leading to greater tweet dissemination. Implications for scientists, including explicitly incorporating scientific evidence in their communication and examining evidence in science communication research, are discussed.}, language = {en} } @article{CarlaUhink2024, author = {Carl{\`a}-Uhink, Filippo}, title = {'He had thoughtlessly accepted certain gifts'}, series = {Cultural History}, volume = {13}, journal = {Cultural History}, number = {1}, publisher = {Edinburgh University Press}, address = {Edinburgh}, issn = {2045-290X}, doi = {10.3366/cult.2024.0296}, pages = {52 -- 70}, year = {2024}, abstract = {It has been highlighted many times how difficult it is to draw a boundary between gift and bribe, and how the same transfer can be interpreted in different ways according to the position of the observer and the narrative frame into which it is inserted. This also applied of course to Ancient Rome; in both the Republic and Principate lawgivers tried to define the limits of acceptable transfers and thus also to identify what we might call 'corruption'. Yet, such definitions remained to a large extent blurred, and what was constructed was mostly a 'code of conduct', allowing Roman politicians to perform their own 'honesty' in public duty - while being aware at all times that their involvement in different kinds of transfer might be used by their opponents against them and presented as a case of 'corrupt' behaviour.}, language = {en} } @misc{ScholzZimmermannHornConradetal.2024, author = {Scholz, Jana and Zimmermann, Matthias and Horn-Conrad, Antje and Himmler, Lena and Kampe, Heike and Aust, Sarah-Madeleine and Mikulla, Stefanie and Drews, Jakob and Klettke, Cornelia and Hafner, Johann Ev.}, title = {Portal = Welt retten}, number = {1}, issn = {1618-6893}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-64696}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-646963}, pages = {57}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Fragen beantworten, Unbekanntes erkl{\"a}ren, R{\"a}tsel l{\"o}sen - und die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse zum Nutzen der Menschheit einsetzen: Das treibt Wissenschaftler*innen auf der ganzen Welt an. Forschung ist keine Geheimwissenschaft, die im stillen K{\"a}mmerlein passiert. Sie dient im besten Fall allen. Sie funktioniert voraussetzungsfrei und ergebnisoffen, und gerade deshalb k{\"o}nnen Forschungsergebnisse notwendige Innovationen, Transformation oder Umdenken f{\"o}rdern und auf diese Weise die Welt ver{\"a}ndern. Zum Besseren, so die Hoffnung. F{\"u}r diese Ausgabe der „Portal" haben wir Universit{\"a}tspr{\"a}sident Prof. Oliver G{\"u}nther, Ph.D. und die {\"O}kologin Prof. Dr. Damaris Zurell gefragt, ob Wissenschaft die Welt retten kann. Sie sind sich einig: Forschung tr{\"a}gt dazu bei, dass viele Menschen ein lebenswertes und erf{\"u}lltes Leben f{\"u}hren k{\"o}nnen. Sie betonen aber auch: Wissenschaft kann das nicht allein erreichen, f{\"u}r echte Ver{\"a}nderungen braucht es Politik, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft. Wie wichtig es ist, dass wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse uns zum Handeln bewegen, davon erz{\"a}hlen auch die vielen anderen Geschichten in diesem Heft. Denn in Potsdam tragen nicht nur Wissenschaftler*innen, sondern auch Studierende und Besch{\"a}ftigte in Technik und Verwaltung dazu bei, die Universit{\"a}t, ihr Umfeld oder „die Welt da draußen" St{\"u}ck f{\"u}r St{\"u}ck besser zu machen. Jonathan Schorsch zum Beispiel, Professor f{\"u}r J{\"u}dische Religions- und Geistesgeschichte, hat den „Gr{\"u}nen Sabbat" ins Leben gerufen: einen Tag in der Woche, an dem wir der Erde - und uns selbst - eine kleine Pause g{\"o}nnen. Der Jurist Andreas Zimmermann berichtet von einem Verfahren vor dem Internationalen Gerichtshof zum Klimawandel, an dem er als Forscher beteiligt ist, und seine Kollegin Dr. Anna von Rebay k{\"a}mpft als Anw{\"a}ltin f{\"u}r die Rechte des Meeres vor Ausbeutung und Verschmutzung. Der Voltaire-Preistr{\"a}ger Gera Gizaw erz{\"a}hlt von einem Fl{\"u}chtlingscamp in Kenia aus die Geschichten der Menschen dort und der Medizinethiker Robert Ranisch zeigt, wie die Pflege k{\"u}nftig f{\"u}r noch mehr Wohl sorgen kann. Hochschulangeh{\"o}rige engagieren sich f{\"u}r den Bildungsaufstieg von Menschen aus nicht-akademischen Familien und der Student Tobias F{\"o}hl k{\"a}mpft bei ONE gegen Armut auf der Welt. Mitarbeiter aus der Musikwissenschaft verl{\"a}ngern das Leben von alten M{\"o}beln und Musikinstrumenten, Studierende arbeiten mit Jugendfeuerwehren aus der Region zusammen. Der Better World Award wirft ein Licht auf innovative Ideen, die schnellstm{\"o}glich ihren Weg aus der Uni in die {\"O}ffentlichkeit finden sollten. Wie wichtig die Kommunikation wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse ist, zeigen Julia Wandt und Kristin K{\"u}ter, die Menschen aus dem Wissenschaftsbetrieb beraten, die Anfeindungen ausgesetzt sind. Denn damit es vorangeht, damit L{\"o}sungen f{\"u}r Probleme dieser Welt gefunden werden, darf eines nicht geschehen: dass die Forschung verstummt.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Rogge2024, author = {Rogge, Franziska}, title = {Multiprofessionelle Kooperation an inklusiven Schulen im Bundesland Brandenburg: Vorkommen, Profile, Auswirkungen}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-63919}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-639190}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {202}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Die Zusammenarbeit zwischen Lehr- und anderen Fachkr{\"a}ften stellt in Modellen inklusiver Schul- und Unterrichtsentwicklung sowie Schuleffektivit{\"a}t ein wichtiges Element dar. Wenngleich Kooperation als bedeutsam postuliert wird, so belegen Studien, dass diese bisher {\"u}berwiegend in autonomieerhaltenden Formen praktiziert wird. Als entwicklungsf{\"o}rderlich gelten jedoch v.a. komplexere Formen der Zusammenarbeit. Vor dem Hintergrund inklusiver Bildung und dem Anspruch einer bestm{\"o}glichen individuellen Entwicklung der Sch{\"u}ler*innen stellt die Zusammenarbeit von Lehr- und Fachkr{\"a}ften folglich ein sehr bedeutsames Thema dar. Es ist zu hinterfragen, wie sich die Zusammenarbeit zwischen Lehr- und Fachkr{\"a}ften im Primar- wie Sekundarstufenbereich an inklusiven Schulen gestaltet, welche Faktoren diese beeinflussen und welche Relevanz die unterschiedlichen Formen der Zusammenarbeit im Prozess inklusiver Schulentwicklung einnehmen. Bestehende Forschungsdesiderata aufgrei-fend, fokussiert die vorliegende Dissertation auf die realisierte Zusammenarbeit von Lehr- und Fachkr{\"a}ften im Primar- und Sekundarstufenbereich inklusiver Schulen, am Beispiel des Landes Brandenburg. Neben den realisierten Formen der Zusammenarbeit, stehen insbesondere die Identifikation von Kooperationsmustern von Lehr- und Fachkr{\"a}ften sowie von Schulen, und deren Zusammenh{\"a}nge mit der Leistungsentwicklung von Sch{\"u}ler*innen im Kern des Forschungsinteresses. Die vorliegende Dissertation bearbeitet insgesamt sechs Forschungsfragen, welche in drei Teilstudien adressiert werden: Zun{\"a}chst werden mittels deskriptiver Analysen sowie Mehrebenenmodellierungen die Ausgangslage multiprofessioneller Kooperation (erste Forschungsfrage) sowie deren Rahmenbedingungen (zweite Forschungsfrage) im Primar- wie Sekundarstufenbereich erfasst (Teilstudie 1). Lehr- und Fachkr{\"a}fte kooperierten {\"u}berwiegend in autonomieerhaltenden, austauschbasierten Formen. Weiterhin zeigte sich, dass insbesondere die individuelle Offenheit zur Zusammenarbeit sowie die subjektiv wahrgenommene Unterst{\"u}tzung durch die Schulleitung bedeutsame Faktoren f{\"u}r die Realisierung multiprofessioneller Kooperation darstellten. Die Fragestellungen drei und vier befassen sich mit der Identifikation von Mustern im Kooperationsverhalten (Teilstudie 2). Zum einen geht es hierbei um personenbezogene Profile von Lehr- und Fachkr{\"a}ften (dritte Forschungsfrage), zum anderen um schulbezogene Profile (vierte Forschungsfrage), welche mittels des personenzentrierten Ansatzes der latenten Profilanalysen unter Ber{\"u}cksichtigung der Mehrebenenstruktur identifiziert werden. Hinsichtlich des individuellen Kooperationsverhaltens konnten vier Profile eruiert werden, bzgl. des schulspezifischen Kooperationsverhaltens drei. Die Mehrheit der Lehr- und Fachkr{\"a}fte konnte im „regularly"-Profil verortet werden, d.h. nach eigener Einsch{\"a}tzung kooperierten diese {\"u}berdurchschnittlich h{\"a}ufig im Austausch miteinander und arbeitsteilig, aber auch regelm{\"a}ßig kokonstruktiv. Auf Schulebene zeigte sich, dass etwa jede zweite inklusive Schule im Land Brandenburg {\"u}ber eine hoch ausgepr{\"a}gte Kooperationskultur verf{\"u}gte. Im Fokus der Teilstudie 3 wird den Fragen nachgegangen, in welchem Zusammenhang die schulspezifischen Kooperationskulturen mit der Leistungsentwicklung von Sch{\"u}ler*innen in der Primar- wie Sekundarstufe steht. Mittels autoregressiver Mehrebenenanalysen wird einerseits der Zusammenhang mit der Leistungsentwicklung aller Sch{\"u}ler*innen (f{\"u}nfte Forschungsfrage) untersucht, sowie spezifisch auf die Entwicklung von Sch{\"u}ler*innen mit und ohne sonderp{\"a}dagogischem F{\"o}rderbedarf (sechste Forschungsfrage) fokussiert. Ein zentrales Ergebnis war hierbei, dass Sch{\"u}ler*innen mit sonderp{\"a}dagogischem F{\"o}rderbedarf in der Primar- wie Sekundarstufe in ihrer Leistungsentwicklung am st{\"a}rksten profitierten, wenn sie an Schulen lernten, an denen sich die Lehr- und Fachkr{\"a}fte sehr regelm{\"a}ßig {\"u}ber Lernst{\"a}nde der Sch{\"u}ler*innen austauschten (Austausch), Arbeitspakete f{\"u}r differenzierte Lernangebote erarbeiteten und verteilten (Arbeitsteilung) und dar{\"u}ber hinaus gelegentlich gemeinsam Probleml{\"o}sungen entwickelten (Kokonstruktion). Die Ergebnisse werden vor dem Hintergrund der postulierten Relevanz multiprofessioneller Kooperation f{\"u}r inklusive Schul- und Unterrichtsentwicklungsprozesse eingeordnet und diskutiert. Weiterhin werden verschiedene praktische Implikationen f{\"u}r die Unterst{\"u}tzung multiprofessioneller Zusammenarbeit im Primar- und Sekundarstufenbereich abgeleitet.}, language = {de} } @book{LinderkampHennigSchramm2024, author = {Linderkamp, Friedrich and Hennig, Timo and Schramm, Satyam Antonio}, title = {ADHS bei Jugendlichen}, edition = {2.}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-60872}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-608723}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2024}, abstract = {ADHS galt lange als eine St{\"o}rung des Kindesalters. Aber bis zu 80 \% der Patienten sind auch noch als Jugendliche betroffen. Gerade sie brauchen Hilfe bei ihren Problemen! In der Schule m{\"u}ssen sie {\"o}fter die Klasse wiederholen, im sozialen und emotionalen Bereich gibt es Konflikte mit Gleichaltrigen und Eltern. Unbehandelt drohen psychische St{\"o}rungen, Drogenmissbrauch oder delinquentes Verhalten. Das vorliegende Lerntraining ist das erste multimodale Behandlungskonzept f{\"u}r Jugendliche im Alter von 12 bis 17 Jahren. Es werden konkrete Probleme und Aufgaben aus Schule und Umwelt behandelt, um daran allgemeine Strategien herzuleiten. Eltern und Lehrer werden intensiv in die Behandlung mit einbezogen.}, language = {de} } @misc{HornConradGuentherSeipetal.2024, author = {Horn-Conrad, Antje and G{\"u}nther, Oliver and Seip, Juliane and Zimmermann, Matthias and Schuster, Stefanie and Himmler, Lena and Liebig, Ference and Engel, Silke and Scholz, Jana and B{\"a}hnisch, Marianna and Brosius-Gersdorf, Frauke and Agrofylax, Luisa and Limbach, Oliver and Peter, Stefanie and Ramm, Lina Marie and Kampe, Heike and Mikulla, Stefanie}, title = {Portal Transfer 2024}, series = {Portal Transfer: Alumni- und Transfermagazin der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, journal = {Portal Transfer: Alumni- und Transfermagazin der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, number = {2024}, issn = {2747-6898}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-64698}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-646984}, pages = {82}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Liebe Leserinnen und Leser, die eigene „Blase" verlassen, Perspektiven wechseln, Silo-Mentalit{\"a}t {\"u}berwinden - was der Wissenschaft in ihrem Innern gelingt, ja gelingen muss, um erfolgreich zu sein, stellt sie in ihrer Außenwirkung noch immer vor Herausforderungen. Dabei geh{\"o}rt es doch inzwischen zum Selbstverst{\"a}ndnis moderner Universit{\"a}ten, {\"o}ffentlich zu erkl{\"a}ren, woran in ihren R{\"a}umen geforscht wird, sich in gesellschaftliche Diskurse einzubringen und ihre Erkenntnisse z{\"u}gig in die Praxis zu {\"u}berf{\"u}hren. Die Universit{\"a}t Potsdam hat diese Transferaufgaben neben Lehre und Forschung als dritte S{\"a}ule installiert und ihrem Geb{\"a}ude damit noch mehr Stabilit{\"a}t verliehen. Seit Jahren geh{\"o}rt sie im nationalen Vergleich zu den erfolgreichsten Hochschulen, wenn es darum geht, Start-ups zu f{\"o}rdern und aus der Forschung heraus Unternehmen zu gr{\"u}nden: In diesem Magazin berichten wir von der Potassco Solutions GmbH des Informatikers Torsten Schaub, der mit seinem KI-System Clingo komplexe Optimierungsprobleme in Betrieben l{\"o}st. Oder von der SEQSTANT GmbH, die mit innovativer Diagnostik Erreger von Atemwegserkrankungen in Echtzeit bestimmen kann. Wir zeigen aber auch, wie Forschungsteams mit der Industrie kooperieren, zum Beispiel mit der K-UTEC im th{\"u}ringischen Sondershausen, um mit wissenschaftlichem Knowhow dazu beizutragen, dass dort in Produktionsabf{\"a}llen kein wertvolles Lithium verloren geht. Richtet sich der Technologietransfer vor allem an die Wirtschaft, so hilft der Wissenstransfer der gesamten Gesellschaft. Besonders stark ist die Universit{\"a}t Potsdam hier in der Bildung, denn mit ihren Lehramtsabsolventen schickt sie auch gleich den aktuellen Stand der Unterrichtsforschung in die Schulpraxis. Immer h{\"a}ufiger zieht dabei die Digitalisierung in die Klassenzimmer ein. Wie das gut gelingen kann, ist in diesem Magazin zu lesen. Zudem erkl{\"a}ren wir, was die Sportwissenschaft zur Therapie von Depressionen beitragen kann oder wie die Umweltforschung das Risikomanagement in von Hochwasser bedrohten Regionen verbessern will. Ob in {\"o}ffentlichen Verwaltungen oder politischen Institutionen - {\"u}berall ist wissenschaftliche Expertise gefragt. Wir zeigen das am Beispiel von Frauke Brosius-Gersdorf, die als Juristin die Bundesregierung zur Regulierung des Schwangerschaftsabbruchs ber{\"a}t. Der k{\"u}rzeste Weg des Wissens aus der Universit{\"a}t in die Praxis f{\"u}hrt zweifelsohne {\"u}ber die Alumni, die als Fach- und F{\"u}hrungskr{\"a}fte im Land und dar{\"u}ber hinaus wirksam werden. Dass dieser Weg schon w{\"a}hrend des Studiums beginnen kann, beweisen die vielen studentischen Initiativen, die hier zu Wort kommen. Sie alle scheuen nicht das Rampenlicht: ob bei Science Slams auf den B{\"u}hnen im Land Brandenburg, bei den TEDx-Talks im Hans Otto Theater, beim Kunst-Rundgang in der Potsdamer Waschhaus-Arena oder mit englischsprachigem Schauspiel an der Uni. {\"O}ffentlich in Erscheinung treten, neue Formen finden, um Wissen in die Breite der Bev{\"o}lkerung zu tragen - auch das geh{\"o}rt zum Transfer. Genau wie dieses Magazin.}, language = {de} } @misc{ZimmermannTjadenKampeetal.2024, author = {Zimmermann, Matthias and Tjaden, Jasper and Kampe, Heike and Scholz, Jana and Aust, Sarah-Madeleine and Himmler, Lena and Agrofylax, Luisa and Mey, J{\"u}rgen and Agarwal, Ankit and Nikoloski, Zoran and Mikulla, Stefanie and Horn-Conrad, Antje and Evans, Myfanwy}, title = {Portal Wissen = Education:Digital}, series = {Portal Wissen: The research magazine of the University of Potsdam}, journal = {Portal Wissen: The research magazine of the University of Potsdam}, number = {1/2024}, issn = {2198-9974}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-64697}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-646977}, pages = {58}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Have you already swiped or liked this morning? Have you taken part in a video conference at work, used or programmed a database? Have you paid with your smartphone on the way home, listened to a podcast, or extended the lending of books you borrowed from the library? And in the evening, have you filled out your tax return application on ELSTER.de on your tablet, shopped online, or paid invoices before you were tempted to watch a series on a streaming platform? Our lives are entirely digitalized. These changes make many things faster, easier, and more efficient. But keeping pace with these changes demands a lot from us, and not everyone succeeds. There are people who prefer to go to the bank to make a transfer, leave the programming to the experts, send their tax return by mail, and only use their smartphone to make phone calls. They don't want to keep pace, or maybe they can't. They haven't learned these things. Others, younger people, grow up as "digital natives" surrounded by digital devices, tools, and processes. But does that mean they really know how to use them? Or do they also need digital education? But what does successful digital education actually look like? Does it teach us how to use a tablet, how to google properly, and how to write Excel spreadsheets? Perhaps it's about more than that. It's about understanding the comprehensive change that has been taking hold of our world since it was broken down into digital ones and zeros and rebuilt virtually. But how do we learn to live in a world of digitality - with all that it entails, and to our benefit? For the new issue of "Portal Wissen", we looked around at the university and interviewed researchers about the role that the connection between digitalization and learning plays in the research of various disciplines. We spoke to Katharina Scheiter, Professor of Digital Education, about the future of German schools and had several experts show us examples of how digital tools can improve learning in schools. We also talked to computer science and agricultural researchers about how even experienced farmers can still learn a lot about their land and their work thanks to digital tools. We spoke to educational researchers who are using big data to analyze how boys and girls learn and what the possible causes for differences are. Education and political scientist Nina Kolleck, on the other hand, looks at education against the backdrop of globalization and relies on the analysis of large amounts of social media data. Of course, we don't lose sight of the diversity of research at the University of Potsdam. We learn, for example, what alternatives to antibiotics could soon be available. This magazine also looks at stress and how it makes us ill as well as the research into sustainable ore extraction. A new feature of our magazine is a whole series of shorter articles that invite you to browse and read: from research news and photographic insights into laboratories to simple explanations of complex phenomena and outlooks into the wider world of research to a small scientific utopia and a personal thanks to research. All this in the name of education, of course. Enjoy your read!}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{PanzerGronau2024, author = {Panzer, Marcel and Gronau, Norbert}, title = {Enhancing economic efficiency in modular production systems through deep reinforcement learning}, series = {Procedia CIRP}, volume = {121}, booktitle = {Procedia CIRP}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2212-8271}, doi = {10.1016/j.procir.2023.09.229}, pages = {55 -- 60}, year = {2024}, abstract = {In times of increasingly complex production processes and volatile customer demands, the production adaptability is crucial for a company's profitability and competitiveness. The ability to cope with rapidly changing customer requirements and unexpected internal and external events guarantees robust and efficient production processes, requiring a dedicated control concept at the shop floor level. Yet in today's practice, conventional control approaches remain in use, which may not keep up with the dynamic behaviour due to their scenario-specific and rigid properties. To address this challenge, deep learning methods were increasingly deployed due to their optimization and scalability properties. However, these approaches were often tested in specific operational applications and focused on technical performance indicators such as order tardiness or total throughput. In this paper, we propose a deep reinforcement learning based production control to optimize combined techno-financial performance measures. Based on pre-defined manufacturing modules that are supplied and operated by multiple agents, positive effects were observed in terms of increased revenue and reduced penalties due to lower throughput times and fewer delayed products. The combined modular and multi-staged approach as well as the distributed decision-making further leverage scalability and transferability to other scenarios.}, language = {en} } @misc{StadlerBlock2024, author = {Stadler, Heike and Block, Vanessa}, title = {Publikationsaufkommen sichtbar machen}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-64569}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-645693}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Das Poster wurde am 05.07.2024 im Rahmen des KOBV-Forum 2024 pr{\"a}sentiert.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Ketzer2024, author = {Ketzer, Laura}, title = {The impact of stellar activity evolution on atmospheric mass loss of young exoplanets}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-62681}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-626819}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {x, 208}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The increasing number of known exoplanets raises questions about their demographics and the mechanisms that shape planets into how we observe them today. Young planets in close-in orbits are exposed to harsh environments due to the host star being magnetically highly active, which results in high X-ray and extreme UV fluxes impinging on the planet. Prolonged exposure to this intense photoionizing radiation can cause planetary atmospheres to heat up, expand and escape into space via a hydrodynamic escape process known as photoevaporation. For super-Earth and sub-Neptune-type planets, this can even lead to the complete erosion of their primordial gaseous atmospheres. A factor of interest for this particular mass-loss process is the activity evolution of the host star. Stellar rotation, which drives the dynamo and with it the magnetic activity of a star, changes significantly over the stellar lifetime. This strongly affects the amount of high-energy radiation received by a planet as stars age. At a young age, planets still host warm and extended envelopes, making them particularly susceptible to atmospheric evaporation. Especially in the first gigayear, when X-ray and UV levels can be 100 - 10,000 times higher than for the present-day sun, the characteristics of the host star and the detailed evolution of its high-energy emission are of importance. In this thesis, I study the impact of stellar activity evolution on the high-energy-induced atmospheric mass loss of young exoplanets. The PLATYPOS code was developed as part of this thesis to calculate photoevaporative mass-loss rates over time. The code, which couples parameterized planetary mass-radius relations with an analytical hydrodynamic escape model, was used, together with Chandra and eROSITA X-ray observations, to investigate the future mass loss of the two young multiplanet systems V1298 Tau and K2-198. Further, in a numerical ensemble study, the effect of a realistic spread of activity tracks on the small-planet radius gap was investigated for the first time. The works in this thesis show that for individual systems, in particular if planetary masses are unconstrained, the difference between a young host star following a low-activity track vs. a high-activity one can have major implications: the exact shape of the activity evolution can determine whether a planet can hold on to some of its atmosphere, or completely loses its envelope, leaving only the bare rocky core behind. For an ensemble of simulated planets, an observationally-motivated distribution of activity tracks does not substantially change the final radius distribution at ages of several gigayears. My simulations indicate that the overall shape and slope of the resulting small-planet radius gap is not significantly affected by the spread in stellar activity tracks. However, it can account for a certain scattering or fuzziness observed in and around the radius gap of the observed exoplanet population.}, language = {en} } @book{OPUS4-63423, title = {Strafrecht in der alten Bundesrepublik 1949-1990. Besonderer Teil}, editor = {Popp, Andreas and Koch, Arnd and Steinberg, Georg}, edition = {1. Auflage}, publisher = {Nomos}, address = {Baden-Baden}, isbn = {978-3-7560-1270-1}, doi = {10.5771/9783748940210}, pages = {461}, year = {2024}, abstract = {W{\"a}hrend zur Geschichte des Strafrechts in der alten Bundesrepublik bislang lediglich {\"u}berblicksartige Gesamtdarstellungen und Monographien zu einzelnen Deliktsbereichen existierten, nimmt dieser Band einige pr{\"a}gnante Facetten des Besonderen Teils detailreich in den Blick und setzt damit das Projekt fort, das die Herausgeber 2020 mit dem bereits erschienenen Band zum Allgemeinen Teil begonnen haben. Auch hier interessieren die einzelnen Teilbereiche weniger dogmengeschichtlich als in ihrer Interaktion mit der Strafrechtswissenschaft, -praxis, -politik und gesellschaftlichen Ver{\"a}nderungen. Die individuellen Zug{\"a}nge, die die Autorinnen und Autoren hierzu gesucht haben, sollen in ihrer methodischen Vielfalt durchaus als Experiment verstanden werden.}, language = {de} } @article{CorbettSiegelThulin2024, author = {Corbett, Tim and Siegel, Bj{\"o}rn and Thulin, Mirjam}, title = {Towards Pluricultural and Connected Histories}, series = {PaRDeS}, journal = {PaRDeS}, number = {29}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-574-3}, issn = {1614-6492}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-64598}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-645988}, pages = {15 -- 27}, year = {2024}, language = {en} } @article{Hoedl2024, author = {H{\"o}dl, Klaus}, title = {Blurring the Boundaries of Jewishness}, series = {PaRDeS}, journal = {PaRDeS}, number = {29}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-574-3}, issn = {1614-6492}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-64600}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-646009}, pages = {39 -- 50}, year = {2024}, abstract = {In this essay I argue that while research in Jewish studies over the last several decades has done much to erode the historical narrative of Jewish/non-Jewish separation and detachment, it has also raised various questions pertaining to the outcome of Jewish/non-Jewish interactions and coexistence as well as the contours of Jewish difference. I contend that employing the concepts of conviviality, ethnic/religious/national indifference, and similarity will greatly facilitate answering these questions.}, language = {en} } @article{Csaky2024, author = {Cs{\´a}ky, Moritz}, title = {Habsburg Central Europe}, series = {PaRDeS}, journal = {PaRDeS}, number = {29}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-574-3}, issn = {1614-6492}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-64599}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-645995}, pages = {31 -- 37}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Central Europe is characterized by linguistic and cultural density as well as by endogenous and exogenous cultural influences. These constellations were especially visible in the former Habsburg Empire, where they influenced the formation of individual and collective identities. This led not only to continual crises and conflicts, but also to an equally enormous creative potential as became apparent in the culture of the fin-de-si{\`e}cle.}, language = {en} } @article{RockstroemKotzeMilutinovićetal.2024, author = {Rockstr{\"o}m, Johan and Kotz{\´e}, Louis and Milutinović, Svetlana and Biermann, Frank and Brovkin, Victor and Donges, Jonathan and Ebbesson, Jonas and French, Duncan and Gupta, Joyeeta and Kim, Rakhyun and Lenton, Timothy and Lenzi, Dominic and Nakicenovic, Nebojsa and Neumann, Barbara and Schuppert, Fabian and Winkelmann, Ricarda and Bosselmann, Klaus and Folke, Carl and Lucht, Wolfgang and Schlosberg, David and Richardson, Katherine and Steffen, Will}, title = {The planetary commons}, series = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America}, volume = {121}, journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America}, number = {5}, publisher = {National Academy of Sciences}, address = {Washington, DC}, issn = {1091-6490}, doi = {10.1073/pnas.2301531121}, pages = {10}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The Anthropocene signifies the start of a no- analogue tra­jectory of the Earth system that is fundamentally different from the Holocene. This new trajectory is characterized by rising risks of triggering irreversible and unmanageable shifts in Earth system functioning. We urgently need a new global approach to safeguard critical Earth system regulating functions more effectively and comprehensively. The global commons framework is the closest example of an existing approach with the aim of governing biophysical systems on Earth upon which the world collectively depends. Derived during stable Holocene conditions, the global commons framework must now evolve in the light of new Anthropocene dynamics. This requires a fundamental shift from a focus only on governing shared resources beyond national jurisdiction, to one that secures critical functions of the Earth system irrespective of national boundaries. We propose a new framework—the planetary commons—which differs from the global commons frame­work by including not only globally shared geographic regions but also critical biophysical systems that regulate the resilience and state, and therefore livability, on Earth. The new planetary commons should articulate and create comprehensive stewardship obligations through Earth system governance aimed at restoring and strengthening planetary resilience and justice.}, language = {en} } @article{XinYingTiberiusAlnooretal.2024, author = {XinYing, Chew and Tiberius, Victor and Alnoor, Alhamzah and Camilleri, Mark and Khaw, Khai Wah}, title = {The dark side of metaverse: a multi-perspective of deviant behaviors from PLS-SEM and fsQCA findings}, series = {International journal of human-computer interaction}, journal = {International journal of human-computer interaction}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, address = {London}, issn = {1044-7318}, doi = {10.1080/10447318.2024.2331875}, pages = {21}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The metaverse has created a huge buzz of interest because such a phenomenon is emerging. The behavioral aspect of the metaverse includes user engagement and deviant behaviors in the metaverse. Such technology has brought various dangers to individuals and society. There are growing cases reported of sexual abuse, racism, harassment, hate speech, and bullying because of online disinhibition make us feel more relaxed. This study responded to the literature call by investigating the effect of technical and social features through mediating roles of security and privacy on deviant behaviors in the metaverse. The data collected from virtual network users reached 1121 respondents. Partial Least Squares based structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) were used. PLS-SEM results revealed that social features such as user-to-user interaction, homophily, social ties, and social identity, and technical design such as immersive experience and invisibility significantly affect users' deviant behavior in the metaverse. The fsQCA results provided insights into the multiple causal solutions and configurations. This study is exceptional because it provided decisive results by understanding the deviant behavior of users based on the symmetrical and asymmetrical approach to virtual networks.}, language = {en} } @article{MarienfeldtWehmeierKuhlmann2024, author = {Marienfeldt, Justine and Wehmeier, Liz Marla and Kuhlmann, Sabine}, title = {Top-down or bottom-up digital transformation?}, series = {Public money \& management}, journal = {Public money \& management}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {0954-0962}, doi = {10.1080/09540962.2024.2365351}, pages = {10}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This article analyses incremental institutional change and subsequent organizational and performance outcomes of the digital transformation from a comparative perspective. Through 31 expert interviews, the authors compare two digitalized public services in Germany. Two digitalization approaches are identified. The voluntary, decentralized bottom-up approach involves layering of new rules, limited organizational restructuring, and performance deficits. Conversely, the compulsory, top-down approach with centralized control facilitates displacement of existing rules and far-reaching organizational change; in this study, it is also associated with improved performance.}, language = {en} } @article{Zielnica2024, author = {Zielnica, Krzystof}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt und Polen - zum 150. Jahrestag seiner Reise nach Warschau}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XXV}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {48}, editor = {Ette, Ottmar and Knobloch, Eberhard}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {2568-3543}, doi = {10.18443/368}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-646635}, pages = {87 -- 101}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Zuerst erschienen in: Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung. Mitteilungen, 5. Jg., Heft 38, Oktober 1980, S. 27-36.}, language = {en} } @book{Franz2024, author = {Franz, Norbert P.}, title = {Der russische Krimi}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-549-1}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-61559}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-615591}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {506}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Die erste umfassende Darstellung des Kriminalgenres in Russland. Sie geht auf B{\"u}cher und Filme ein und ber{\"u}cksichtigt die Debatten der Literaturkritik, da sich die Kulturpolitik w{\"a}hrend der sowjetischen Jahrzehnte schwer damit tat, dem Kriminalgenre {\"u}berhaupt ein Existenzrecht zubilligen. Sympathie f{\"u}r die Miliz zu erzeugen wurde schließlich offizieller Zweck dieses politisch zu einer Nischenexistenz gedr{\"a}ngten Genres. Entsprechend liegt ein Akzent der Studie auf der Ideologie, besonders bei der Darstellung der Helden und ihrer Gegner und der Lebenswelt, die die Leser als ihre wiedererkennen sollten. Dabei erfahren sie eine Menge {\"u}ber die Gesellschaft, vor allem {\"u}ber deren sonst eher verschwiegene Schattenseiten. Nicht zuletzt wegen der langen Entbehrung spannender Texte wurde der Krimi nach dem Ende des Sozialismus zu dem Bestsellergenre schlechthin. Am Beispiel des Frauenkrimis (Marinina und Nachfolgerinnen) und des postmodernen Krimis (Akunin) wird die postsowjetische Entwicklung bis in die 2010er Jahre gezeigt.}, language = {de} } @article{StieglitzMirbabaieDeubeletal.2024, author = {Stieglitz, Stefan and Mirbabaie, Milad and Deubel, Annika and Braun, Lea-Marie and Kissmer, Tobias}, title = {Corrigendum to "The potential of digital nudging to bridge the gap between environmental attitude and behavior in the usage of smart home applications" [International Journal of Information Management 72 (2023) 102665]}, series = {International journal of information management}, volume = {76}, journal = {International journal of information management}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0268-4012}, doi = {10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2024.102774}, pages = {2}, year = {2024}, abstract = {We would like to inform the readers and editors of the journal that we have discovered some errors in the references of our paper. These errors were brought to our attention by a reader who noticed some inconsistencies between the citations in the text and the bibliography. Upon further investigation, we realized that our literature management software had mistakenly linked some of the references to wrong or non-existent sources. We apologize for this oversight and assure you that it did not affect the validity or quality of our arguments and results, which were based on the correct sources. Below you find a list of the incorrect references along with their corresponding correct ones. We hope that this correction statement will clarify any confusion or misunderstanding that may have arisen from this mistake. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.}, language = {en} } @article{BeckerGronewoldWeiss2024, author = {Becker, Kirstin and Gronewold, Ulfert and Weiß, Katharina}, title = {Using legitimacy strategies to secure organisational survival over time}, series = {Accounting and business research}, journal = {Accounting and business research}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {New York}, issn = {0001-4788}, doi = {10.1080/00014788.2024.2346533}, pages = {1 -- 31}, year = {2024}, abstract = {In this paper, we study how the European Financial Reporting Advisory Group (EFRAG) used different legitimacy strategies between 2004 and 2021 to secure its organisational survival. Although EFRAG is now an established player within the regulatory space of corporate reporting, the organisation's path towards this position was not straightforward. Based on 20 interviews with current and former members of EFRAG and archival documents, we investigate how EFRAG initially gained and maintained its legitimacy and how it responded to a legitimacy crisis arising in the aftermath of the 2008-2009 financial crisis. Based on prior research on organisational strategies for legitimising actions, we derive a framework for our analysis and show how EFRAG has adapted various legitimacy strategies over time. We further find that the use of legitimacy strategies is constrained by various systemic factors and show how EFRAG's adaptations to its legitimacy strategies led to new tensions. Our findings contribute to the literature on private regulatory organisations' legitimacy and the political economy of standard setting.}, language = {en} } @article{BorckSchrauth2024, author = {Borck, Rainald and Schrauth, Philipp}, title = {Urban pollution: a global perspective}, series = {Journal of environmental economics and management}, volume = {126}, journal = {Journal of environmental economics and management}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0095-0696}, doi = {10.1016/j.jeem.2024.103013}, year = {2024}, abstract = {We use worldwide gridded satellite data to analyse how population size and density affect urban PM 2.5 pollution. We find that more populated and denser grid cells are more exposed to pollution. However, across urban areas, exposure increases with cities' population size but decreases with density. Moreover, the population effect is driven mostly by population commuting to core cities rather than the core city population itself. We analyse heterogeneity by geography and income levels. A counterfactual simulation shows that exposure could fall by up to 40\% if population size were equalized across all cities within countries, but the relocation of population from large to small cities that maximizes welfare would be small.}, language = {en} } @incollection{CarlaUhink2024, author = {Carl{\`a}-Uhink, Filippo}, title = {'Per voler del primo amor ch'i' sento'}, series = {Representing Rome's emperors: historical and cultural perspectives through time}, booktitle = {Representing Rome's emperors: historical and cultural perspectives through time}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, address = {Oxford}, isbn = {978-0-19-286926-5}, doi = {10.1093/oso/9780192869265.003.0008}, pages = {195 -- 213}, year = {2024}, language = {en} } @article{UlrichBuechnerFranzke2024, author = {Ulrich, Peter and B{\"u}chner, Christiane and Franzke, Jochen}, title = {Grundlagen und Grundfragen der Kommunalwissenschaft(en) an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, series = {Kommunalwissenschaften an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (KWI-Schriften ; 15)}, journal = {Kommunalwissenschaften an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (KWI-Schriften ; 15)}, number = {15}, editor = {Schmidt, Thorsten Ingo and Bickenbach, Christian and Gronewold, Ulfert and Kuhlmann, Sabine and Ulrich, Peter}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-581-1}, issn = {1867-951X}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-64754}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-647542}, pages = {9 -- 20}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Fritz2024, author = {Fritz, Sylvia}, title = {Sozialisierung im Gew{\"a}hrleistungsstaat}, series = {Studien zum {\"o}ffentlichen Recht}, volume = {35}, journal = {Studien zum {\"o}ffentlichen Recht}, publisher = {Nomos}, address = {Baden-Baden}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {307}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Artikel 15 Grundgesetz als sozialistische Utopie? Keineswegs. Die Sozialisierungsnorm gibt dem Gesetzgeber ein Instrument an die Hand, um staatliche Gew{\"a}hrleistungsverantwortung mithilfe gemeinwirtschaftlicher Organisationsformen wahrzunehmen. Sozialisierungsmaßnahmen greifen in das Eigentumsgrundrecht ein. Sie treffen zudem auf grundrechtliche Funktionsgarantien einer marktwirtschaftlichen Ordnung und die unionsrechtliche Systemgarantie zugunsten des freien Wettbewerbs. Die Arbeit untersucht daher die verfassungsrechtlichen Anforderungen an die Sozialisierungsgesetzgebung auf Bundes- und Landesebene einschließlich der gerichtlichen Kontrolle. Ferner zeigt die Arbeit auf, wie sich Sozialisierungsgesetze unionsrechtskonform verhalten k{\"o}nnen.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Brembach2024, author = {Brembach, Theresa-Charlotte}, title = {Regulators and effects of neutrophilic granulocytes in hidradenitis suppurativa}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {108, XV}, year = {2024}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Franke2024, author = {Franke, Vanessa}, title = {Die Entwicklung des Verantwortungseigentums anhand der Carl-Zeiss-Stiftung unter Ernst Abbe}, series = {Europ{\"a}ische Hochschulschriften Recht}, volume = {6798}, journal = {Europ{\"a}ische Hochschulschriften Recht}, publisher = {Peter Lang}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-631-92255-2}, issn = {0531-7312}, doi = {10.3726/b22044}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {238}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Die Dissertation untersucht die Entwicklung des Verantwortungseigentums insbesondere anhand der Carl-Zeiss-Stiftung unter Ernst Abbe. Der Begriff des Verantwortungseigentums wird seit einigen Jahren in der rechtspolitischen Debatte zu alternativen Unternehmens- und Eigentumsformen diskutiert. Dabei wird die Einf{\"u}hrung einer eigenen Gesellschaftsform gefordert. Die Dissertation widmet sich diesen Forderungen und den Entwicklungen des Verantwortungseigentums anhand der Carl-Zeiss-Stiftung und ihrer Stiftungsbetriebe Zeiss und Schott. Dort wurde bereits Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts eine Form dessen, was Jurist:innen heute unter Verantwortungseigentum verstehen, kautelar-juristisch eingef{\"u}hrt und gepr{\"a}gt. Ziel und Zweck der Arbeit war es, die {\"U}berschneidungen, Parallelen und Unterschiede der Rechtssubjekte zu untersuchen und der Frage auf den Grund zu gehen, ob das Verantwortungseigentum einer l{\"a}ngeren Rechtstradition folgt oder eine rein zeitgen{\"o}ssische Idee ist.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Blanz2024, author = {Blanz, Alkis}, title = {Essays on the macroeconomics of climate change and policy}, pages = {166}, year = {2024}, language = {en} } @article{TiberiusWeyland2024, author = {Tiberius, Victor and Weyland, Michael}, title = {Improving curricula for higher entrepreneurship education}, series = {Education sciences}, volume = {14}, journal = {Education sciences}, number = {2}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2227-7102}, doi = {10.3390/educsci14020130}, pages = {1 -- 17}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Existing curricula for entrepreneurship education do not necessarily represent the best way of teaching. How could entrepreneurship curricula be improved? To answer this question, we aim to identify and rank desirable teaching objectives, teaching contents, teaching methods, and assessment methods for higher entrepreneurship education. To this end, we employ an international real-time Delphi study with an expert panel consisting of entrepreneurship education instructors and researchers. The study reveals 17 favorable objectives, 17 items of content, 25 teaching methods, and 15 assessment methods, which are ranked according to their desirability and the group consensus. We contribute to entrepreneurship curriculum research by adding a normative perspective.}, language = {en} } @misc{Reme2024, author = {Rem{\´e}, Johann}, title = {Schutzloser Fussball-Ultra}, publisher = {examio GmbH}, address = {Siegen}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Rasche2024, author = {Rasche, Daniel}, title = {Cosmic-ray neutron sensing for the estimation of soil moisture}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-63646}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-636465}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {xvi, 194}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Water stored in the unsaturated soil as soil moisture is a key component of the hydrological cycle influencing numerous hydrological processes including hydrometeorological extremes. Soil moisture influences flood generation processes and during droughts when precipitation is absent, it provides plant with transpirable water, thereby sustaining plant growth and survival in agriculture and natural ecosystems. Soil moisture stored in deeper soil layers e.g. below 100 cm is of particular importance for providing plant transpirable water during dry periods. Not being directly connected to the atmosphere and located outside soil layers with the highest root densities, water in these layers is less susceptible to be rapidly evaporated and transpired. Instead, it provides longer-term soil water storage increasing the drought tolerance of plants and ecosystems. Given the importance of soil moisture in the context of hydro-meteorological extremes in a warming climate, its monitoring is part of official national adaption strategies to a changing climate. Yet, soil moisture is highly variable in time and space which challenges its monitoring on spatio-temporal scales relevant for flood and drought risk modelling and forecasting. Introduced over a decade ago, Cosmic-Ray Neutron Sensing (CRNS) is a noninvasive geophysical method that allows for the estimation of soil moisture at relevant spatio-temporal scales of several hectares at a high, subdaily temporal resolution. CRNS relies on the detection of secondary neutrons above the soil surface which are produced from high-energy cosmic-ray particles in the atmosphere and the ground. Neutrons in a specific epithermal energy range are sensitive to the amount of hydrogen present in the surroundings of the CRNS neutron detector. Due to same mass as the hydrogen nucleus, neutrons lose kinetic energy upon collision and are subsequently absorbed when reaching low, thermal energies. A higher amount of hydrogen therefore leads to fewer neutrons being detected per unit time. Assuming that the largest amount of hydrogen is stored in most terrestrial ecosystems as soil moisture, changes of soil moisture can be estimated through an inverse relationship with observed neutron intensities. Although important scientific advancements have been made to improve the methodological framework of CRNS, several open challenges remain, of which some are addressed in the scope of this thesis. These include the influence of atmospheric variables such as air pressure and absolute air humidity, as well as, the impact of variations in incoming primary cosmic-ray intensity on observed epithermal and thermal neutron signals and their correction. Recently introduced advanced neutron-to-soil moisture transfer functions are expected to improve CRNS-derived soil moisture estimates, but potential improvements need to be investigated at study sites with differing environmental conditions. Sites with strongly heterogeneous, patchy soil moisture distributions challenge existing transfer functions and further research is required to assess the impact of, and correction of derived soil moisture estimates under heterogeneous site conditions. Despite its capability of measuring representative averages of soil moisture at the field scale, CRNS lacks an integration depth below the first few decimetres of the soil. Given the importance of soil moisture also in deeper soil layers, increasing the observational window of CRNS through modelling approaches or in situ measurements is of high importance for hydrological monitoring applications. By addressing these challenges, this thesis aids to closing knowledge gaps and finding answers to some of the open questions in CRNS research. Influences of different environmental variables are quantified, correction approaches are being tested and developed. Neutron-to-soil moisture transfer functions are evaluated and approaches to reduce effects of heterogeneous soil moisture distributions are presented. Lastly, soil moisture estimates from larger soil depths are derived from CRNS through modified, simple modelling approaches and in situ estimates by using CRNS as a downhole technique. Thereby, this thesis does not only illustrate the potential of new, yet undiscovered applications of CRNS in future but also opens a new field of CRNS research. Consequently, this thesis advances the methodological framework of CRNS for above-ground and downhole applications. Although the necessity of further research in order to fully exploit the potential of CRNS needs to be emphasised, this thesis contributes to current hydrological research and not least to advancing hydrological monitoring approaches being of utmost importance in context of intensifying hydro-meteorological extremes in a changing climate.}, language = {en} } @article{MarienfeldtKuehlerKuhlmannetal.2024, author = {Marienfeldt, Justine and K{\"u}hler, Jakob and Kuhlmann, Sabine and Proeller, Isabella}, title = {Kommunale Verwaltungsdigitalisierung im f{\"o}deralen Kontext}, series = {der moderne staat - Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Public Policy, Recht und Management}, volume = {17}, journal = {der moderne staat - Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Public Policy, Recht und Management}, number = {1}, publisher = {Verlag Barbara Budrich}, address = {Leverkusen-Opladen}, issn = {1865-7192}, doi = {10.3224/dms.v17i1.03}, pages = {35 -- 59}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Dieser Beitrag vergleicht die kommunale Verwaltungsdigitalisierung in Deutschland, {\"O}sterreich und der Schweiz (DACH-L{\"a}nder) als Vertreter der kontinentaleurop{\"a}isch-f{\"o}deralen Verwaltungstradition bei zugleich unterschiedlichen Digitalisierungsans{\"a}tzen und -fortschritten. Basierend auf Interviews mit 22 Expert*innen und Beobachtungen in je einer Kommune pro Land sowie Dokumenten-, Literatur- und Sekund{\"a}rdatenanalysen untersucht die Studie, wie Verwaltungsdigitalisierung im Mehrebenensystem organisiert ist und welche Rolle dabei das Verwaltungsprofil spielt sowie welche Innovationsschwerpunkte die Kommunen im Hinblick auf die Leistungserbringung und die internen Prozesse setzen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass der hohe Grad lokaler Autonomie den Kommunen erm{\"o}glicht, eigene Akzente in der Verwaltungsdigitalisierung zu setzen. Zugleich wirken die stark verflochtenen komplexen Entscheidungsstrukturen und hohen Koordinationsbedarfe in verwaltungsf{\"o}deralen Systemen, die in Deutschland am st{\"a}rksten, in {\"O}sterreich etwas schw{\"a}cher und in der Schweiz am geringsten ausgepr{\"a}gt sind, als Digitalisierungshemmnisse. Ferner weisen die Befunde auf eine unitarisierende Wirkung der Verwaltungsdigitalisierung als Reformbereich hin. Insgesamt tr{\"a}gt die Studie zu einem besseren Verst{\"a}ndnis daf{\"u}r bei, welche Problematik die Verwaltungsdigitalisierung f{\"u}r f{\"o}deral-dezentrale Verwaltungsmodelle mit sich bringt.}, language = {de} } @article{KuehlerDrathschmidtGrossmann2024, author = {K{\"u}hler, Jakob and Drathschmidt, Nicolas and Großmann, Daniela}, title = {'Modern talking'}, series = {Information polity}, volume = {29}, journal = {Information polity}, number = {2}, publisher = {IOS Press}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1570-1255}, doi = {10.3233/IP-230059}, pages = {199 -- 216}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Despite growing interest, we lack a clear understanding of how the arguably ambiguous phenomenon of agile is perceived in government practice. This study aims to alleviate this puzzle by investigating how managers and employees in German public sector organisations make sense of agile as a spreading management fashion in the form of narratives. This is important because narratives function as innovation carriers that ultimately influence the manifestations of the concept in organisations. Based on a multi-case study of 31 interviews and 24 responses to a qualitative online survey conducted in 2021 and 2022, we provide insights into what public sector managers, employees and consultants understand (and, more importantly, do not understand) as agile and how they weave it into their existing reality of bureaucratic organisations. We uncover three meta-narratives of agile government, which we label 'renew', 'complement' and 'integrate'. In particular, the meta-narratives differ in their positioning of how agile interacts with the characteristics of bureaucratic organisations. Importantly, we also show that agile as a management fad serves as a projection surface for what actors want from a modern and digital organisation. Thus, the vocabulary of agile government within the narratives is inherently linked to other diffusing phenomena such as new work or digitalisation.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Pfalz2024, author = {Pfalz, Gregor}, title = {Advancing knowledge of Arctic lake system dynamics: A data-driven perspective on spatiotemporal patterns}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-63655}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-636554}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {xiii, 136}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Ecosystems play a pivotal role in addressing climate change but are also highly susceptible to drastic environmental changes. Investigating their historical dynamics can enhance our understanding of how they might respond to unprecedented future environmental shifts. With Arctic lakes currently under substantial pressure from climate change, lessons from the past can guide our understanding of potential disruptions to these lakes. However, individual lake systems are multifaceted and complex. Traditional isolated lake studies often fail to provide a global perspective because localized nuances—like individual lake parameters, catchment areas, and lake histories—can overshadow broader conclusions. In light of these complexities, a more nuanced approach is essential to analyze lake systems in a global context. A key to addressing this challenge lies in the data-driven analysis of sedimentological records from various northern lake systems. This dissertation emphasizes lake systems in the northern Eurasian region, particularly in Russia (n=59). For this doctoral thesis, we collected sedimentological data from various sources, which required a standardized framework for further analysis. Therefore, we designed a conceptual model for integrating and standardizing heterogeneous multi-proxy data into a relational database management system (PostgreSQL). Creating a database from the collected data enabled comparative numerical analyses between spatially separated lakes as well as between different proxies. When analyzing numerous lakes, establishing a common frame of reference was crucial. We achieved this by converting proxy values from depth dependency to age dependency. This required consistent age calculations across all lakes and proxies using one age-depth modeling software. Recognizing the broader implications and potential pitfalls of this, we developed the LANDO approach ("Linked Age and Depth Modelling"). LANDO is an innovative integration of multiple age-depth modeling software into a singular, cohesive platform (Jupyter Notebook). Beyond its ability to aggregate data from five renowned age-depth modeling software, LANDO uniquely empowers users to filter out implausible model outcomes using robust geoscientific data. Our method is not only novel but also significantly enhances the accuracy and reliability of lake analyses. Considering the preceding steps, this doctoral thesis further examines the relationship between carbon in sediments and temperature over the last 21,000 years. Initially, we hypothesized a positive correlation between carbon accumulation in lakes and modelled paleotemperature. Our homogenized dataset from heterogeneous lakes confirmed this association, even if the highest temperatures throughout our observation period do not correlate with the highest carbon values. We assume that rapid warming events contribute more to high accumulation, while sustained warming leads to carbon outgassing. Considering the current high concentration of carbon in the atmosphere and rising temperatures, ongoing climate change could cause northern lake systems to contribute to a further increase in atmospheric carbon (positive feedback loop). While our findings underscore the reliability of both our standardized data and the LANDO method, expanding our dataset might offer even greater assurance in our conclusions.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Richly2024, author = {Richly, Keven}, title = {Memory-efficient data management for spatio-temporal applications}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-63547}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-635473}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {xii, 181}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The wide distribution of location-acquisition technologies means that large volumes of spatio-temporal data are continuously being accumulated. Positioning systems such as GPS enable the tracking of various moving objects' trajectories, which are usually represented by a chronologically ordered sequence of observed locations. The analysis of movement patterns based on detailed positional information creates opportunities for applications that can improve business decisions and processes in a broad spectrum of industries (e.g., transportation, traffic control, or medicine). Due to the large data volumes generated in these applications, the cost-efficient storage of spatio-temporal data is desirable, especially when in-memory database systems are used to achieve interactive performance requirements. To efficiently utilize the available DRAM capacities, modern database systems support various tuning possibilities to reduce the memory footprint (e.g., data compression) or increase performance (e.g., additional indexes structures). By considering horizontal data partitioning, we can independently apply different tuning options on a fine-grained level. However, the selection of cost and performance-balancing configurations is challenging, due to the vast number of possible setups consisting of mutually dependent individual decisions. In this thesis, we introduce multiple approaches to improve spatio-temporal data management by automatically optimizing diverse tuning options for the application-specific access patterns and data characteristics. Our contributions are as follows: (1) We introduce a novel approach to determine fine-grained table configurations for spatio-temporal workloads. Our linear programming (LP) approach jointly optimizes the (i) data compression, (ii) ordering, (iii) indexing, and (iv) tiering. We propose different models which address cost dependencies at different levels of accuracy to compute optimized tuning configurations for a given workload, memory budgets, and data characteristics. To yield maintainable and robust configurations, we further extend our LP-based approach to incorporate reconfiguration costs as well as optimizations for multiple potential workload scenarios. (2) To optimize the storage layout of timestamps in columnar databases, we present a heuristic approach for the workload-driven combined selection of a data layout and compression scheme. By considering attribute decomposition strategies, we are able to apply application-specific optimizations that reduce the memory footprint and improve performance. (3) We introduce an approach that leverages past trajectory data to improve the dispatch processes of transportation network companies. Based on location probabilities, we developed risk-averse dispatch strategies that reduce critical delays. (4) Finally, we used the use case of a transportation network company to evaluate our database optimizations on a real-world dataset. We demonstrate that workload-driven fine-grained optimizations allow us to reduce the memory footprint (up to 71\% by equal performance) or increase the performance (up to 90\% by equal memory size) compared to established rule-based heuristics. Individually, our contributions provide novel approaches to the current challenges in spatio-temporal data mining and database research. Combining them allows in-memory databases to store and process spatio-temporal data more cost-efficiently.}, language = {en} } @misc{Wiesmeier2024, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Wiesmeier, Rebekka}, title = {Cultural conceptualisations relating to DEATH in Irish English from a diachronic perspective}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-63871}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-638719}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {104}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The present thesis looks at cultural conceptualisations in relation to DEATH in Irish English from a Cultural Linguistic perspective and puts a special focus on the diachronic development of these conceptualisations. For the study, a corpus consisting of 1,400 death notices from the Dublin-based national newspaper The Irish Times from 14 historical periods between 1859 and 2023 was compiled, resulting in a highly specialised 70,000-word corpus. First, the manual qualitative analysis of the death notices produced evidence for eight superordinate cultural conceptualisations surrounding DEATH, namely, in the order of their frequency THE DEAD ARE TO BE REMEMBERED OR REGRETTED, DEATH IS SOMETHING POSITIVE, DEATH IS REST, DEATH IS A JOURNEY, DYING IS THE BEGINNING OF ANOTHER LIFE, DEATH IS (NOT) A TABOO, DEATH IS GOD'S WILL, and DEATH IS THE END. These conceptualisations were derived from linguistic expressions in the death notices that have these conceptualisations as a cognitive basis. Second, the quantitative comparison of the individual conceptualisations detected diachronic variation, which is interconnected with historical and social developments in Ireland. The thesis, therefore, illustrates the applicability of Cultural Linguistics as an adequate method for diachronic studies interested in culturally determined developments of conceptualisations.}, language = {en} } @masterthesis{Schulz2024, type = {Bachelor Thesis}, author = {Schulz, Florian}, title = {Game Design im Kontext von Kunst und Kunstunterricht}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-64177}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-641773}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {50}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Im Kontext der zunehmenden Relevanz des Umgangs mit Digitalit{\"a}t im schulischen Unterricht und der daraus resultierenden Popularit{\"a}t von Gaming und Gamification als Lehrmethoden ist das Ziel dieser Arbeit, Game Design als konstruktivistische Herangehensweise an Computerspiele zu untersuchen. Genauer geht es darum, diese Methode hinsichtlich der Tauglichkeit f{\"u}r den Kunstunterricht zu analysieren. Dazu wird darauf eingegangen, inwiefern Game Design als Instruktionsmethode generell Lernen f{\"o}rdert bzw. zur Ausbildung einer Digital Literacy geeignet ist. Der Schwerpunkt liegt darin, Game Design im Hinblick auf die zentralen Kompetenz- und Lerndimensionen des Kunstunterrichts zu beleuchten. Genauer sind damit die k{\"u}nstlerische Produktion und die {\"a}sthetische Rezeption als die beiden maßgeblichen k{\"u}nstlerisch-{\"a}sthetischen Handlungskompetenzen gemeint sowie die {\"a}sthetische Erfahrung als besonderes Lernerlebnis, welches im kunstp{\"a}dagogischen Diskurs neben den beschriebenen Kompetenzen als h{\"o}chstes Ziel der Lehre gilt. Ebendiese drei Dimensionen funktionieren hierbei als Analyseebenen der untersuchten Methode. Game Design stellt sich dabei als weitestgehend f{\"o}rderlich f{\"u}r alle drei benannten Bereiche heraus, wobei es in Bezug auf die sinnliche Wahrnehmung im Prozess der {\"a}sthetischen Rezeption nur eine erg{\"a}nzende Funktion annimmt. Es werden nicht alle Bereiche der Gestaltungsfelder der k{\"u}nstlerischen Produktion angesprochen. Ein experimentell-offenes k{\"u}nstlerisches Arbeiten wird ebenso nicht zwangsl{\"a}ufig erm{\"o}glicht. Jedoch werden alle anderen Bestandteile dieser Kompetenzdimensionen angesprochen und insbesondere die {\"a}sthetische Erfahrung vollumf{\"a}nglich gef{\"o}rdert. Die digitale Spielentwicklung l{\"a}sst sich somit aus kunstp{\"a}dagogischer Perspektive f{\"u}r den Einsatz im Kunstunterricht legitimieren. Mit Ausblick auf STEAM Education und einen projektorientierten Unterricht ist sie sogar zu empfehlen.}, language = {de} } @misc{AmbosBockGeneussetal.2024, author = {Ambos, Kai and Bock, Stefanie and Geneuss, Julia and Jeßberger, Florian and Kreß, Claus and Oeter, Stefan and Paulus, Andreas and Talmon, Stefan and Zimmermann, Andreas}, title = {Without fear or favour}, series = {Verfassungsblog : on matters constitutional}, journal = {Verfassungsblog : on matters constitutional}, publisher = {Max Steinbeis Verfassungsblog gGmbH}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {2366-7044}, doi = {10.59704/eea458648230c9df}, pages = {5}, year = {2024}, language = {en} } @book{OPUS4-64979, title = {The 1951 Convention relating to the status of refugees and its 1967 Protocol}, series = {Oxford commentaries on international law series}, journal = {Oxford commentaries on international law series}, editor = {Zimmermann, Andreas and Terje, Einarsen}, edition = {Second edition}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, address = {Oxford}, isbn = {978-0-19-285511-4}, doi = {10.1093/law/9780192855114.001.0001}, pages = {cliii, 1866}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees adopted on 28 July 1951 in Geneva provides the most comprehensive codification of the rights of refugees yet attempted. Consolidating previous international instruments relating to refugees, the 1951 Convention with its 1967 Protocol marks a cornerstone in the development of international refugee law. At present, there are 144 States Parties to one or both of these instruments, expressing a worldwide consensus on the definition of the term refugee and the fundamental rights to be granted to refugees. These facts demonstrate and underline the extraordinary significance of these instruments as the indispensable legal basis of international refugee law. This Commentary provides for a systematic and comprehensive analysis of the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol on an article-by-article basis, exposing the interrelationship between the different articles and discussing the latest developments in international refugee law. In addition, several thematic contributions analyse questions of international refugee law which are of general significance, such as regional developments and the relationship between refugee law and the law of the sea.}, language = {en} } @techreport{SiedlerAngerChristophetal.2024, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Siedler, Thomas and Anger, Silke and Christoph, Bernhard and Galkiewicz, Agata Danuta and Margaryan, Shushanik and Peter, Frauke and Sandner, Malte}, title = {War, international spillovers, and adolescents}, series = {Discussion paper series}, volume = {No. 16921}, journal = {Discussion paper series}, publisher = {IZA}, address = {Bonn}, issn = {2365-9793}, pages = {43}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Using novel longitudinal data, this paper studies the short- and medium-term effects of Russia's invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022 on social trust of adolescents in Germany. Comparing adolescents who responded to our survey shortly before the start of the war with those who responded shortly after the conflict began and applying difference-in-differences (DiD) models over time, we find a significant decline in the outcome after the war started. These findings provide new evidence on how armed conflicts influence social trust and well-being among young people in a country not directly involved in the war.}, language = {en} } @incollection{ZimmermannHerrmann2024, author = {Zimmermann, Andreas and Herrmann, Franziska M.}, title = {Article 1 A, para. 2 1951 Convention}, series = {The 1951 Convention relating to the status of refugees and its 1967 Protocol}, booktitle = {The 1951 Convention relating to the status of refugees and its 1967 Protocol}, editor = {Zimmermann, Andreas and Terje, Einarsen}, edition = {Second edition}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, address = {Oxford}, isbn = {978-0-19-285511-4}, doi = {10.1093/law/9780192855114.001.0001}, pages = {359 -- 556}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This chapter focuses on the features of Article 1's paragraph 1 of the 1951 Convention. The article primarily determines the scope of application of the Convention's ratione personae while outlining the basis of the protection of refugees. Additionally, Article 1 addresses the concerns surrounding the inclusion, cessation, and exclusion of refugees. The chapter then tackles the historical development of the article by considering the instruments used prior to the 1951 Convention. It also cites that the Constitution of the International Refugee Organization appears to contain an ambiguity as to how the refugee notion was perceived, so refugees only became the IRO Constitution's concern when they have valid objections to returning to their home country.}, language = {en} } @incollection{ZimmermannStern2024, author = {Zimmermann, Andreas and Stern, Rebecca Thorburn}, title = {Article 22 1951 Convention}, series = {The 1951 Convention relating to the status of refugees and its 1967 Protocol}, booktitle = {The 1951 Convention relating to the status of refugees and its 1967 Protocol}, editor = {Zimmermann, Andreas and Terje, Einarsen}, edition = {Second edition}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, address = {Oxford}, isbn = {978-0-19-285511-4}, doi = {10.1093/law/9780192855114.001.0001}, pages = {1201 -- 1226}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This chapter covers the 1951 Convention's Article 22. It explains the provision's aim to grant refugees access to the contracting States' national educational systems. Moreover, Article 22 encompasses learning at all different levels of education in schools, universities, and other educational institutions. However, the provision does not address any issues related to the upbringing of children by their parents. The chapter mentions the relevancy of Article 22 when it comes to durable solutions for refugees in an effort to enable them to integrate into the host country's society. It also discusses the drafting history, declarations, and reservations of Article 22 and the instruments used prior to the 1951 Convention.}, language = {en} } @incollection{GeissLi2024, author = {Geiß, Robin and Li, Yao}, title = {Article 44 1951 Convention/Article IX 1967 Protocol}, series = {The 1951 Convention relating to the status of refugees and its 1967 Protocol}, booktitle = {The 1951 Convention relating to the status of refugees and its 1967 Protocol}, editor = {Zimmermann, Andreas and Terje, Einarsen}, edition = {Second edition}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, address = {Oxford}, isbn = {978-0-19-285511-4}, doi = {10.1093/law/9780192855114.001.0001}, pages = {1791 -- 1796}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This chapter examines the extent of the 1951 Convention's Article 44 and the 1967 Protocol's Article IX. It starts with identifying the standard denunciation clause in Article 44 and Article IX. Multilateral treaties of unlimited duration allow States parties an unconditional right to withdraw. A denunciation releases the denouncing party from any obligation further to perform the treaty in relation to the other parties of the 1967 Protocol. The chapter clarifies that denunciation or withdrawal expresses the same legal concept since it is a procedure initiated unilaterally by a State that wants to terminate its legal engagements under a treaty.}, language = {en} } @incollection{GeissLi2024, author = {Geiß, Robin and Li, Yao}, title = {Article 43 1951 Convention/Article VIII 1967 Protocol}, series = {The 1951 Convention relating to the status of refugees and its 1967 Protocol}, booktitle = {The 1951 Convention relating to the status of refugees and its 1967 Protocol}, editor = {Zimmermann, Andreas and Terje, Einarsen}, edition = {Second edition}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, address = {Oxford}, isbn = {978-0-19-285511-4}, doi = {10.1093/law/9780192855114.001.0001}, pages = {1787 -- 1790}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This chapter tackles the analysis and function of Article 43 of the 1951 Convention and Article VIII of the 1967 Protocol. It explains that a multilateral treaty can be enforced when met with necessary conditions, such as the Article 24 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT). The provision also regulates the 1951 Convention's entry into force of States' ratification or accession. The chapter notes that the 1967 Protocol entered into force after Sweden deposited its instrument of accession. It elaborates on the specific details needed for the ratification or accession prior to the entry into force.}, language = {en} } @techreport{BrodeurMikolaCooketal.2024, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Brodeur, Abel and Mikola, Derek and Cook, Nikolai and Brailey, Thomas and Briggs, Ryan and Gendre, Alexandra de and Dupraz, Yannick and Fiala, Lenka and Gabani, Jacopo and Gauriot, Romain and Haddad, Joanne and Lima, Goncalo and Ankel-Peters, J{\"o}rg and Dreber, Anna and Campbell, Douglas and Kattan, Lamis and Fages, Diego Marino and Mierisch, Fabian and Sun, Pu and Wright, Taylor and Connolly, Marie and Hoces de la Guardia, Fernando and Johannesson, Magnus and Miguel, Edward and Vilhuber, Lars and Abarca, Alejandro and Acharya, Mahesh and Adjisse, Sossou Simplice and Akhtar, Ahwaz and Lizardi, Eduardo Alberto Ramirez and Albrecht, Sabina and Andersen, Synve Nygaard and Andlib, Zubaria and Arrora, Falak and Ash, Thomas and Bacher, Etienne and Bachler, Sebastian and Bacon, F{\´e}lix and Bagues, Manuel and Balogh, Timea and Batmanov, Alisher and Barschkett, Mara and Basdil, B. Kaan and Dower, Jaromneda and Castek, Ondrej and Caviglia-Harris, Jill and Strand, Gabriella Chauca and Chen, Shi and Chzhen, Asya and Chung, Jong and Collins, Jason and Coppock, Alexander and Cordeau, Hugo and Couillard, Ben and Crechet, Jonathan and Crippa, Lorenzo and Cui, Jeanne and Czymara, Christian and Daarstad, Haley and Dao, Danh Chi and Dao, Dong and Schmandt, Marco David and Linde, Astrid de and Melo, Lucas De and Deer, Lachlan and Vera, Micole De and Dimitrova, Velichka and Dollbaum, Jan Fabian and Dollbaum, Jan Matti and Donnelly, Michael and Huynh, Luu Duc Toan and Dumbalska, Tsvetomira and Duncan, Jamie and Duong, Kiet Tuan and Duprey, Thibaut and Dworschak, Christoph and Ellingsrud, Sigmund and Elminejad, Ali and Eissa, Yasmine and Erhart, Andrea and Etingin-Frati, Giulian and Fatemi-Pour, Elaheh and Federice, Alexa and Feld, Jan and Fenig, Guidon and Firouzjaeiangalougah, Mojtaba and Fleisje, Erlend and Fortier-Chouinard, Alexandre and Engel, Julia Francesca and Fries, Tilman and Fortier, Reid and Fr{\´e}chet, Nadjim and Galipeau, Thomas and Gallegos, Sebasti{\´a}n and Gangji, Areez and Gao, Xiaoying and Garnache, Clo{\´e} and G{\´a}sp{\´a}r, Attila and Gavrilova, Evelina and Ghosh, Arijit and Gibney, Garreth and Gibson, Grant and Godager, Geir and Goff, Leonard and Gong, Da and Gonz{\´a}lez, Javier and Gretton, Jeremy and Griffa, Cristina and Grigoryeva, Idaliya and Grtting, Maja and Guntermann, Eric and Guo, Jiaqi and Gugushvili, Alexi and Habibnia, Hooman and H{\"a}ffner, Sonja and Hall, Jonathan D. and Hammar, Olle and Kordt, Amund Hanson and Hashimoto, Barry and Hartley, Jonathan S. and Hausladen, Carina I. and Havr{\´a}nek, Tom{\´a}š and Hazen, Jacob and He, Harry and Hepplewhite, Matthew and Herrera-Rodriguez, Mario and Heuer, Felix and Heyes, Anthony and Ho, Anson T. Y. and Holmes, Jonathan and Holzknecht, Armando and Hsu, Yu-Hsiang Dexter and Hu, Shiang-Hung and Huang, Yu-Shiuan and Huebener, Mathias and Huber, Christoph and Huynh, Kim P. and Irsova, Zuzana and Isler, Ozan and Jakobsson, Niklas and Frith, Michael James and Jananji, Rapha{\"e}l and Jayalath, Tharaka A. and Jetter, Michael and John, Jenny and Forshaw, Rachel Joy and Juan, Felipe and Kadriu, Valon and Karim, Sunny and Kelly, Edmund and Dang, Duy Khanh Hoang and Khushboo, Tazia and Kim, Jin and Kjellsson, Gustav and Kjelsrud, Anders and Kotsadam, Andreas and Korpershoek, Jori and Krashinsky, Lewis and Kundu, Suranjana and Kustov, Alexander and Lalayev, Nurlan and Langlois, Audr{\´e}e and Laufer, Jill and Lee-Whiting, Blake and Leibing, Andreas and Lenz, Gabriel and Levin, Joel and Li, Peng and Li, Tongzhe and Lin, Yuchen and Listo, Ariel and Liu, Dan and Lu, Xuewen and Lukmanova, Elvina and Luscombe, Alex and Lusher, Lester R. and Lyu, Ke and Ma, Hai and M{\"a}der, Nicolas and Makate, Clifton and Malmberg, Alice and Maitra, Adit and Mandas, Marco and Marcus, Jan and Margaryan, Shushanik and M{\´a}rk, Lili and Martignano, Andres and Marsh, Abigail and Masetto, Isabella and McCanny, Anthony and McManus, Emma and McWay, Ryan and Metson, Lennard and Kinge, Jonas Minet and Mishra, Sumit and Mohnen, Myra and M{\"o}ller, Jakob and Montambeault, Rosalie and Montpetit, S{\´e}bastien and Morin, Louis-Philippe and Morris, Todd and Moser, Scott and Motoki, Fabio and Muehlenbachs, Lucija and Musulan, Andreea and Musumeci, Marco and Nabin, Munirul and Nchare, Karim and Neubauer, Florian and Nguyen, Quan M. P. and Nguyen, Tuan and Nguyen-Tien, Viet and Niazi, Ali and Nikolaishvili, Giorgi and Nordstrom, Ardyn and N{\"u}, Patrick and Odermatt, Angela and Olson, Matt and ien, Henning and {\"O}lkers, Tim and Vert, Miquel Oliver i. and Oral, Emre and Oswald, Christian and Ousman, Ali and {\"O}zak, {\"O}mer and Pandey, Shubham and Pavlov, Alexandre and Pelli, Martino and Penheiro, Romeo and Park, RyuGyung and Martel, Eva P{\´e}rez and Petrovičov{\´a}, Tereza and Phan, Linh and Prettyman, Alexa and Proch{\´a}zka, Jakub and Putri, Aqila and Quandt, Julian and Qiu, Kangyu and Nguyen, Loan Quynh Thi and Rahman, Andaleeb and Rea, Carson H. and Reiremo, Adam and Ren{\´e}e, La{\"e}titia and Richardson, Joseph and Rivers, Nicholas and Rodrigues, Bruno and Roelofs, William and Roemer, Tobias and Rogeberg, Ole and Rose, Julian and Roskos-Ewoldsen, Andrew and Rosmer, Paul and Sabada, Barbara and Saberian, Soodeh and Salamanca, Nicolas and Sator, Georg and Sawyer, Antoine and Scates, Daniel and Schl{\"u}ter, Elmar and Sells, Cameron and Sen, Sharmi and Sethi, Ritika and Shcherbiak, Anna and Sogaolu, Moyosore and Soosalu, Matt and Srensen, Erik and Sovani, Manali and Spencer, Noah and Staubli, Stefan and Stans, Renske and Stewart, Anya and Stips, Felix and Stockley, Kieran and Strobel, Stephenson and Struby, Ethan and Tang, John and Tanrisever, Idil and Yang, Thomas Tao and Tastan, Ipek and Tatić, Dejan and Tatlow, Benjamin and Seuyong, F{\´e}raud Tchuisseu and Th{\´e}riault, R{\´e}mi and Thivierge, Vincent and Tian, Wenjie and Toma, Filip-Mihai and Totarelli, Maddalena and Tran, Van-Anh and Truong, Hung and Tsoy, Nikita and Tuzcuoglu, Kerem and Ubfal, Diego and Villalobos, Laura and Walterskirchen, Julian and Wang, Joseph Taoyi and Wattal, Vasudha and Webb, Matthew D. and Weber, Bryan and Weisser, Reinhard and Weng, Wei-Chien and Westheide, Christian and White, Kimberly and Winter, Jacob and Wochner, Timo and Woerman, Matt and Wong, Jared and Woodard, Ritchie and Wroński, Marcin and Yazbeck, Myra and Yang, Gustav Chung and Yap, Luther and Yassin, Kareman and Ye, Hao and Yoon, Jin Young and Yurris, Chris and Zahra, Tahreen and Zaneva, Mirela and Zayat, Aline and Zhang, Jonathan and Zhao, Ziwei and Yaolang, Zhong}, title = {Mass reproducibility and replicability}, series = {I4R discussion paper series}, journal = {I4R discussion paper series}, number = {107}, publisher = {Institute for Replication}, address = {Essen}, issn = {2752-1931}, pages = {250}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This study pushes our understanding of research reliability by reproducing and replicating claims from 110 papers in leading economic and political science journals. The analysis involves computational reproducibility checks and robustness assessments. It reveals several patterns. First, we uncover a high rate of fully computationally reproducible results (over 85\%). Second, excluding minor issues like missing packages or broken pathways, we uncover coding errors for about 25\% of studies, with some studies containing multiple errors. Third, we test the robustness of the results to 5,511 re-analyses. We find a robustness reproducibility of about 70\%. Robustness reproducibility rates are relatively higher for re-analyses that introduce new data and lower for re-analyses that change the sample or the definition of the dependent variable. Fourth, 52\% of re-analysis effect size estimates are smaller than the original published estimates and the average statistical significance of a re-analysis is 77\% of the original. Lastly, we rely on six teams of researchers working independently to answer eight additional research questions on the determinants of robustness reproducibility. Most teams find a negative relationship between replicators' experience and reproducibility, while finding no relationship between reproducibility and the provision of intermediate or even raw data combined with the necessary cleaning codes.}, language = {en} } @incollection{GeissLi2024, author = {Geiß, Robin and Li, Yao}, title = {Article 46 1951 Convention/Article X 1967 Protocol}, series = {The 1951 Convention relating to the status of refugees and its 1967 Protocol}, booktitle = {The 1951 Convention relating to the status of refugees and its 1967 Protocol}, editor = {Zimmermann, Andreas and Terje, Einarsen}, edition = {Second edition}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, address = {Oxford}, isbn = {978-0-19-285511-4}, doi = {10.1093/law/9780192855114.001.0001}, pages = {1813 -- 1818}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This chapter focuses on Article 46 of the 1951 Convention and Article X of the 1967 Protocol. It explains the depository of a treaty playing an essential procedural role in ensuring the smooth operation of a multilateral treaty. Article 46 enumerates the Secretary-General's function as a depositary performed by the Treaty Section of the Office of Legal Affairs in the United Nations Secretariat. Similarly, Article X confirms and details the Secretary-General's designation and role as depositary of the 1967 Protocol. The chapter mentions that the enumeration of Article X's depositary notification is exemplary instead of conclusive. It examines the depositoary notifications of declarations, signatures, and researvations under Article 46 and Article X.}, language = {en} } @incollection{GeissLi2024, author = {Geiß, Robin and Li, Yao}, title = {Testimonium 1951 Convention/Article XI 1967 Protocol}, series = {The 1951 Convention relating to the status of refugees and its 1967 Protocol}, booktitle = {The 1951 Convention relating to the status of refugees and its 1967 Protocol}, editor = {Zimmermann, Andreas and Terje, Einarsen}, edition = {Second edition}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, address = {Oxford}, isbn = {978-0-19-285511-4}, doi = {10.1093/law/9780192855114.001.0001}, pages = {1819 -- 1824}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This chapter covers the function of Testimonium to the 1951 Convention and Article XI of the 1967 Protocol. It looks into the relevance of the 1951 Convetion's testimonium. The testimonium primarily focuses on the Convetion's authentic languages, regulation of deposition, and certified true copies being delivered to all members of the UN and non-member States. On the other hand, Article XI contains the standard procedures for regulating the deposition of a copy of the 1967 Protocol in the Secretariat of the United Nations and foreseeing the transmission of certified copies thereof by the Secretary general. The chapter mentions how both elements are not commonly explicitly indicated in modern treaties.}, language = {en} } @incollection{GeissLi2024, author = {Geiß, Robin and Li, Yao}, title = {Article 39 1951 Convention/Article V 1967 Protocol}, series = {The 1951 Convention relating to the status of refugees and its 1967 Protocol}, booktitle = {The 1951 Convention relating to the status of refugees and its 1967 Protocol}, editor = {Zimmermann, Andreas and Terje, Einarsen}, edition = {Second edition}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, address = {Oxford}, isbn = {978-0-19-285511-4}, doi = {10.1093/law/9780192855114.001.0001}, pages = {1693 -- 1706}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This chapter looks into the 1951 Convention's Article 39 and the 1967 Protocol's Article V. In 2000, the Secretary-General identified the 1951 Convention as belonging to a core group of 25 multilateral treaties representative of the key objectives of the UN and the spirit of its Charter. Additionally, the rules found in the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT) apply to the 1951 Convention as a matter of customary international law. On the other hand, the 1967 Protocol does not amend the 1951 Convention but binds its parties to observe the substantive provisions. The chapter cites that the 1967 Protocol constitutes an independent and complete international instrument that is open not only to the States parties to the 1951 Convention.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Li2024, author = {Li, Yao}, title = {Article 1 E 1951 Convention}, series = {The 1951 Convention relating to the status of refugees and its 1967 protocol}, booktitle = {The 1951 Convention relating to the status of refugees and its 1967 protocol}, editor = {Zimmermann, Andreas and Terje, Einarsen}, edition = {Second edition}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, address = {Oxford}, isbn = {978-0-19-285511-4}, doi = {10.1093/law/9780192855114.001.0001}, pages = {669 -- 678}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This chapter elaborates on the function of Article 1 E of the 1951 Convention, which was originally aimed at German refugees. It refers to a special group of people who qualify for refugee status but enjoy the rights of national citizens despite their lack of formal citizenship. The article's object and purpose revolve around excluding persons from refugee protection who do not need any international protection since they have the status of national citizens. Additionally, access to refugee status is excluded ipso facto because the individual may resort to effective protection similar to that of citizenship upon being admitted to the country of sojourn. The chapter explains how Article 1 E is an integral part of the balanced system of international refugee protection prescribed by the Convention.}, language = {en} } @incollection{MarxLi2024, author = {Marx, Reinhard and Li, Yao}, title = {Article 34 1951 Convention}, series = {The 1951 Convention relating to the status of refugees and its 1967 protocol}, booktitle = {The 1951 Convention relating to the status of refugees and its 1967 protocol}, editor = {Zimmermann, Andreas and Terje, Einarsen}, edition = {Second edition}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, address = {Oxford}, isbn = {978-0-19-285511-4}, doi = {10.1093/law/9780192855114.001.0001}, pages = {1585 -- 1604}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This chapter tackles the features and historical development of the 1951 Convention's Article 34. It explains the function of the provision, which primarily focuses on requesting Contracting States to facilitate the assimilation and naturalization of refugees. Moreover, the provision forms the legal bases for local integration and naturalization as some of the traditional durable solutions to refugeehood. The soft obligation imposed by Article 34 primarily focuses on the long-term solution by naturalization. The chapter then elaborates on the balance between local integration, naturalization, and voluntary return after it was disrupted due to the fall of the Iron Curtain in 1989.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Kraft2024, author = {Kraft, Julia}, title = {\S 16 Internationales und Europ{\"a}isches Gesellschaftsrecht}, series = {Praxis des Handels- und Gesellschaftsrechts}, booktitle = {Praxis des Handels- und Gesellschaftsrechts}, editor = {Wachter, Thomas and Heckschen, Heribert}, edition = {6. Auflage}, publisher = {ZAP}, address = {[Bonn]}, isbn = {978-3-7508-0030-4}, pages = {2223 -- 2294}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @incollection{Wolf2024, author = {Wolf, Hannah}, title = {Zuhause}, series = {WohnWissen : 100 Begriffe des Wohnens}, booktitle = {WohnWissen : 100 Begriffe des Wohnens}, editor = {Genz, Carolin and Schnur, Olaf and Aring, J{\"u}rgen}, publisher = {Jovis}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-98612-038-2}, doi = {10.1515/9783986120412}, pages = {240 -- 241}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @article{TjadenHeidland2024, author = {Tjaden, Jasper and Heidland, Tobias}, title = {Did Merkel's 2015 decision attract more migration to Germany?}, series = {European journal of political research}, volume = {0}, journal = {European journal of political research}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0304-4130}, doi = {10.1111/1475-6765.12669}, pages = {1 -- 17}, year = {2024}, abstract = {In 2015, German Chancellor Angela Merkel decided to allow over a million asylum seekers to cross the border into Germany. One key concern was that her decision would signal an open-door policy to aspiring migrants worldwide - thus further increasing migration to Germany and making the country permanently more attractive to irregular and humanitarian migrants. This 'pull-effect' hypothesis has been a mainstay of policy discussions ever since. With the continued global rise in forced displacement, not appearing welcoming to migrants has become a guiding principle for the asylum policy of many large receiving countries. In this article, we exploit the unique case study that Merkel's 2015 decision provides for answering the fundamental question of whether welcoming migration policies have sustained effects on migration towards destination countries. We analyze an extensive range of data on migration inflows, migration aspirations and online search interest between 2000 and 2020. The results reject the 'pull effect' hypothesis while reaffirming states' capacity to adapt to changing contexts and regulate migration.}, language = {en} } @article{KuhlmannFranzkePetersetal.2024, author = {Kuhlmann, Sabine and Franzke, Jochen and Peters, Niklas and Dumas, Beno{\^i}t Paul}, title = {Institutional designs and dynamics of crisis governance at the local level}, series = {Policy design and practice}, journal = {Policy design and practice}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, address = {London}, issn = {2574-1292}, doi = {10.1080/25741292.2024.2344784}, pages = {1 -- 21}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This article analyses the institutional design variants of local crisis governance responses to the COVID-19 pandemic and their entanglement with other locally impactful crises from a cross-country comparative perspective (France, Germany, Poland, Sweden, and the UK/England). The pandemic offers an excellent empirical lens for scrutinizing the phenomenon of polycrises governance because it occurred while European countries were struggling with the impacts of several prior, ongoing, or newly arrived crises. Our major focus is on institutional design variants of crisis governance (dependent variable) and the influence of different administrative cultures on it (independent variable). Furthermore, we analyze the entanglement and interaction of institutional responses to other (previous or parallel) crises (polycrisis dynamics). Our findings reveal a huge variance of institutional designs, largely evoked by country-specific administrative cultures and profiles. The degree of de-/centralization and the intensity of coordination or decoupling across levels of government differs significantly by country. Simultaneously, all countries were affected by interrelated and entangled crises, resulting in various patterns of polycrisis dynamics. While policy failures and "fatal remedies" from previous crises have partially impaired the resilience and crisis preparedness of local governments, we have also found some learning effects from previous crises.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Tjaden2024, author = {Tjaden, Jasper}, title = {Social media data and migration research}, series = {How to do migration research : how to research guides}, booktitle = {How to do migration research : how to research guides}, editor = {Zapata-Barrero, Ricard and Vintila, Daniela}, publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing}, address = {Cheltenham, UK}, isbn = {9781035306855}, doi = {10.4337/9781035306855.00023}, pages = {116 -- 124}, year = {2024}, abstract = {In 2022, there were 4.62 billion social media users worldwide. Social media generates a wealth of data which migration scholars have recently started to explore in pursuit of a variety of methodological and thematic research questions. Scholars use social media data to estimate migration stocks, forecast migration flows, or recruit migrants for targeted online surveys. Social media has also been used to understand how migrants get information about their planned journeys and destination countries, how they organize and mobilize online, how migration issues are politicized online, and how migrants integrate culturally into destination countries by sharing common interests. While social media data drives innovative research, it also poses severe challenges regarding data privacy, data protection, and methodological questions relating to external validity. In this chapter, I briefly introduce various strands of migration research using social media data and discuss the advantages, disadvantages, and opportunities.}, language = {en} } @misc{Haehnchen2024, author = {H{\"a}hnchen, Susanne}, title = {Uwe Wesel † 2. Februar 1933-11. September 2023}, series = {Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung f{\"u}r Rechtsgeschichte: Romanistische Abteilung}, volume = {141}, journal = {Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung f{\"u}r Rechtsgeschichte: Romanistische Abteilung}, number = {1}, publisher = {De Gruyter}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {0323-4096}, doi = {10.1515/zrgr-2024-0039}, pages = {700 -- 703}, year = {2024}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Martin2024, author = {Martin, Johannes}, title = {Synthesis of protein-polymer conjugates and block copolymers via sortase-mediated ligation}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-64566}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-645669}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {XVII, 150}, year = {2024}, abstract = {In den vergangenen Jahrzehnten haben therapeutische Proteine in der pharmazeutischen Industrie mehr und mehr an Bedeutung gewonnen. Werden Proteine nichtmenschlichen Ursprungs verwendet, kann es jedoch zu einer Immunreaktion kommen, sodass das Protein sehr schnell aus dem K{\"o}rper ausgeschieden oder abgebaut wird. Um die Zirkulationszeit im Blut signifikant zu verl{\"a}ngern, werden die Proteine mit synthetischen Polymeren modifiziert (Protein-Polymer-Konjugate). Die Proteine aller heute auf dem Markt erh{\"a}ltlichen Medikamente dieser Art tragen eine oder mehrere Polymerketten aus Poly(ethylenglycol) (PEG). Ein Nachteil der PEGylierung ist, dass viele Patienten bei regelm{\"a}ßiger Einnahme dieser Medikamente Antik{\"o}rper gegen PEG entwickeln, die den effizienzsteigernden Effekt der PEGylierung wieder aufheben. Ein weiterer Nachteil der PEGylierung ist die oftmals deutlich verringerte Aktivit{\"a}t der Konjugate im Vergleich zum nativen Protein. Der Grund daf{\"u}r ist die Herstellungsmethode der Konjugate, bei der meist die prim{\"a}ren Amine der Lysin-Seitenketten und der N-Terminus des Proteins genutzt werden. Da die meisten Proteine mehrere gut zug{\"a}ngliche Lysine aufweisen, werden oft unterschiedliche und teilweise mehrere Lysine mit PEG funktionalisiert, was zu einer Mischung an Regioisomeren f{\"u}hrt. Je nach Position der PEG-Kette kann das aktive Zentrum abgeschirmt oder die 3D-Struktur des Proteins ver{\"a}ndert werden, was zu einem teilweise drastischen Aktivit{\"a}tsabfall f{\"u}hrt. In dieser Arbeit wurde eine neuartige Methode zur Ligation von Makromolek{\"u}len untersucht. Die Verwendung eines Enzyms als Katalysator zur Verbindung zweier Makromolek{\"u}le ist bisher wenig untersucht und ineffizient. Als Enzym wurde Sortase A ausgew{\"a}hlt, eine gut untersuchte Ligase aus der Familie der Transpeptidasen, welche die Ligation zweier Peptide katalysieren kann. Ein Nachteil dieser Sortase-vermittelten Ligation ist, dass es sich um eine Gleichgewichtsreaktion handelt, wodurch hohe Ausbeuten schwierig zu erreichen sind. Im Rahmen dieser Dissertation wurden zwei zuvor entwickelte Methoden zur Verschiebung des Gleichgewichts ohne Einsatz eines großen {\"U}berschusses von einem Edukt f{\"u}r Makromolek{\"u}le {\"u}berpr{\"u}ft. Zur Durchf{\"u}hrung der Sortase-vermittelten Ligation werden zwei komplement{\"a}re Peptidsequenzen verwendet, die Erkennungssequenz und das Nukleophil. Um eine systematische Untersuchung durchf{\"u}hren zu k{\"o}nnen, wurden alle n{\"o}tigen Bausteine (Protein-Erkennungssequenz zur Reaktion mit Nukleophil-Polymer und Polymer-Erkennungssequenz mit Nukleophil-Protein) hergestellt. Als Polymerisationstechnik wurde die radikalische Polymerisation mit reversibler Deaktivierung (im Detail, Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization, ATRP und Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer, RAFT polymerization) gew{\"a}hlt, um eine enge Molmassenverteilung zu erreichen. Die Herstellung der Bausteine begann mit der Synthese der Peptide via automatisierter Festphasen-Peptidsynthese, um eine einfache {\"A}nderung der Peptidsequenz zu gew{\"a}hrleisten und um eine Modifizierung der Polymerkette nach der Polymerisation zu umgehen. Um die ben{\"o}tigte unterschiedliche Funktionalit{\"a}t der zwei Peptidsequenzen (freier C-Terminus bei der Erkennungssequenz bzw. freier N-Terminus bei dem Nukleophil) zu erreichen, wurden verschiedene Linker zwischen Harz und Peptid verwendet. Danach wurde der Ketten{\"u}bertr{\"a}ger (chain transfer agent, CTA) zur Kontrolle der Polymerisation mit dem auf dem Harz befindlichen Peptid gekoppelt. Die f{\"u}r die anschließende Polymerisation verwendeten Monomere basierten auf Acrylamiden und Acrylaten und wurden anhand ihrer Eignung als Alternativen zu PEG ausgew{\"a}hlt. Es wurde eine k{\"u}rzlich entwickelte Technik basierend auf der RAFT-Polymerisation (xanthate-supported photo-iniferter RAFT, XPI-RAFT) verwendet um eine Reihe an Peptid-Polymeren mit unterschiedlichen Molekulargewichten und engen Molekulargewichtsverteilungen herzustellen. Nach Entfernung der Schutzgruppen der Peptid-Seitenketten wurden die Peptid-Polymere zun{\"a}chst genutzt, um mittels Sortase-vermittelter Ligation zwei Polymerketten zu einem Blockcopolymer zu verbinden. Unter Verwendung von Ni2+-Ionen in Kombination mit einer Verl{\"a}ngerung der Erkennungssequenz um ein Histidin zur Unterdr{\"u}ckung der R{\"u}ckreaktion konnte ein maximaler Umsatz von 70 \% erreicht werden. Dabei zeigte sich ein oberes Limit von durchschnittlich 100 Wiederholungseinheiten; die Ligation von l{\"a}ngeren Polymeren war nicht erfolgreich. Danach wurden ein Modellprotein und ein Nanobody mit vielversprechenden medizinischen Eigenschaften mit den f{\"u}r die enzymkatalysierte Ligation ben{\"o}tigten Peptidsequenzen f{\"u}r die Kopplung mit den zuvor hergestellten Peptid-Polymeren verwendet. Dabei konnte bei Verwendung des Modellproteins keine Bildung von Protein-Polymer-Konjugaten beobachtet werden. Der Nanobody konnte dagegen C-terminal mit einem Polymer funktionalisiert werden. Dabei wurde eine {\"a}hnliche Limitierung in der Polymer-Kettenl{\"a}nge beobachtet wie zuvor. Die auf Ni-Ionen basierte Strategie zur Gleichgewichtsverschiebung hatte hier keinen ausschlaggebenden Effekt, w{\"a}hrend die Verwendung von einem {\"U}berschuss an Polymer zur vollst{\"a}ndigen Umsetzung des Edukt-Nanobody f{\"u}hrte. Die erhaltenen Daten aus diesem Projekt bilden eine gute Basis f{\"u}r weitere Forschung in dem vielversprechenden Feld der enzymkatalysierten Herstellung von Protein-Polymer-Konjugaten und Blockcopolymeren. Langfristig k{\"o}nnte diese Herangehensweise eine vielseitig einsetzbare Herstellungsmethode von ortsspezifischen therapeutischen Protein-Polymer Konjugaten darstellen, welche sowohl eine hohe Aktivit{\"a}t als auch eine lange Zirkulationszeit im Blut aufweisen.}, language = {en} } @book{PuergstallerNeuber2024, author = {P{\"u}rgstaller, Esther and Neuber, Nils}, title = {T{\"a}nzerischer Kreativit{\"a}tstest f{\"u}r 8- bis 12-J{\"a}hrige}, editor = {P{\"u}rgstaller, Esther and Neuber, Nils}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-62704}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-627040}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {83}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Der t{\"a}nzerische Kreativit{\"a}tstest stellt ein valides Instrumentarium dar, welches auf tanzspezifischen Aufgaben basiert und f{\"u}r die differenzierte und standardisierte Erfassung der t{\"a}nzerischen Kreativit{\"a}t bei Kindern im Alter von 8 bis 12 Jahren konzipiert ist. Mit dem t{\"a}nzerischen Kreativit{\"a}tstest k{\"o}nnen nicht nur Fragestellungen zum Stand sowie zur Entwicklung t{\"a}nzerisch-kreativer F{\"a}higkeiten im Kindesalter bearbeitet werden, sondern er liefert auch wertvolle Informationen f{\"u}r die Optimierung von Trainings-, F{\"o}rder- und Vermittlungsmaßnahmen. Erfasst werden folgende t{\"a}nzerisch-kreativen F{\"a}higkeiten: 1) Vielfalt und Originalit{\"a}t in der Fortbewegung und in K{\"o}rperpositionen sowie 2) Ideenreichtum, Vielfalt und Originalit{\"a}t in der Gestaltung von Bewegungspatterns und -kompositionen. Dieser Test l{\"a}sst sich mit gr{\"o}ßeren Gruppen und minimalem materiellen Aufwand durchf{\"u}hren, ist zeitlich unbeschr{\"a}nkt und erm{\"o}glicht es, unterschiedliche Leistungsniveaus zu identifizieren. Der t{\"a}nzerische Kreativit{\"a}tstest bietet Forschenden und Lehrkr{\"a}ften eine wertvolle M{\"o}glichkeit, die t{\"a}nzerisch-kreativen F{\"a}higkeiten von Kindern zu analysieren und zu f{\"o}rdern.}, language = {de} } @article{KasperMarienberg2024, author = {Kasper-Marienberg, Verena}, title = {Imperial Transition and Early Modern Jewish Continuities}, series = {PaRDeS}, journal = {PaRDeS}, number = {29}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-574-3}, issn = {1614-6492}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-65022}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-650224}, pages = {53 -- 66}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This article brings two seemingly disconnected historiographic models of periodization into conversation: Habsburg studies and Habsburg Jewish studies. It argues for an expansion of the temporal frameworks of both fields to highlight historical continuities connecting the Holy Roman and Habsburg Empire at least from a structural perspective. These historical continuums are a useful analytical lens when applied to marginalized groups, like early modern Jews, in tandem with a central group of contemporary powerholders, such as the Habsburg nobility. Using Bohemia as a case study, this essay juxtaposes questions of transregional transfer of cultural, economic, and social capital with the challenges of Jewish marginalization and discrimination to highlight the changing yet interconnected imperial landscapes.}, language = {en} } @article{Berkovich2024, author = {Berkovich, Ilya}, title = {Jewish Mercenaries in Habsburg Service}, series = {PaRDeS}, journal = {PaRDeS}, number = {29}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-574-3}, issn = {1614-6492}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-65023}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-650239}, pages = {69 -- 79}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This article aims to demonstrate the exceptional potential of Habsburg military records for the study of Jewish history during Europe's Age of Revolution. We begin with the random discovery of six Jewish veterans of Freikorps Gr{\"u}n Loudon - a unit of mercenary freebooters - which fought for the Habsburgs during the first war against the French Republic (1792 - 97). A careful re-reading of the available archival evidence reveals that these men were the survivors of a much larger group numbering at least two dozen Jewish soldiers. While Jewish conscripts had been drafted into the Habsburg army since 1788, the fact that Jews could also serve - even volunteer - as professional soldiers in that period is completely new to us. When considered together, the personal circumstances and service experiences of the Jewish soldiers of Freikorps Gr{\"u}n Loudon enable us to make several observations about their motivation as well as their position vis-{\`a}-vis their non-Jewish comrades.}, language = {en} } @article{Czakai2024, author = {Czakai, Johannes}, title = {Between Legibility, Emancipation, and Markers of "Otherness"}, series = {PaRDeS}, journal = {PaRDeS}, number = {29}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-574-3}, issn = {1614-6492}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-65024}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-650249}, pages = {81 -- 89}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The article analyzes the interdependences between the history of the Habsburg Empire and the names of its Jewish inhabitants. Until today, these names tell stories about this close relationship and they are an everlasting symbol of this era. By focusing on names, this paper shows how state policies towards Jews shifted over time, and how the perspective on names and name regulations can be a tool to connect and investigate both Habsburg and Jewish studies.}, language = {en} }