@misc{BrandVoelckerRehage2020,
author = {Brand, Ralf and Voelcker-Rehage, Claudia},
title = {DEAL und eine Zwischenbilanz {\"u}ber die Entwicklung der Zeitschrift},
series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
issn = {1866-8364},
doi = {10.25932/publishup-52265},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-522652},
pages = {1 -- 4},
year = {2020},
language = {de}
}
@article{WippertArampatzisBanzeretal.2019,
author = {Wippert, Pia-Maria and Arampatzis, Adamantios and Banzer, Winfried and Beck, Heidrun and Hasenbring, Monika Ilona and Schiltenwolf, Marcus and Schneider, Christian and Stengel, Dirk and Platen, Petra and Mayer, Frank},
title = {Psychosoziale Risikofaktoren in der Entstehung von chronisch unspezifischen R{\"u}ckenschmerzen},
series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Sportpsychologie},
volume = {26},
journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Sportpsychologie},
number = {1},
publisher = {Hogrefe},
address = {G{\"o}ttingen},
issn = {1612-5010},
doi = {10.1026/1612-5010/a000245},
pages = {25 -- 35},
year = {2019},
abstract = {Chronisch unspezifische R{\"u}ckenschmerzen (CURS) geh{\"o}ren international zu den h{\"a}ufigsten Schmerzph{\"a}nomenen und k{\"o}nnen f{\"u}r Athletinnen und Athleten karrierelimitierend sein. Knapp ein Drittel der j{\"a}hrlichen Trainingsausfallzeiten werden auf CURS zur{\"u}ckgef{\"u}hrt. In der Entstehung von chronischen Schmerzen ist ein multifaktorielles {\"A}tiologiemodell mit einem signifikanten Einfluss psychosozialer Risikofaktoren evident. Obwohl dies in der Allgemeinbev{\"o}lkerung bereits gut erforscht ist, gibt es in der Sportwissenschaft vergleichsweise wenige Arbeiten dar{\"u}ber. Dieses Thema wird daher in drei Multicenterstudien und zahlreichen Teilstudien des MiSpEx-Netzwerks (Medicine in Spine-Exercise-Network, F{\"o}rderzeitraum 2011 - 2018) aufgegriffen. Entsprechend der Empfehlung einer fr{\"u}hzeitigen Diagnostik von Chronifizierungsfaktoren in der „Nationalen Versorgungsleitlinie Kreuzschmerz", besch{\"a}ftigt sich das Netzwerk u. a. mit der {\"U}berpr{\"u}fung, Entwicklung und Evaluation diagnostischer M{\"o}glichkeiten. Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt die Entwicklung einer Diagnostik von psychosozialen Risikofaktoren, die einerseits eine Einsch{\"a}tzung des Risikos der Entwicklung von CURS und andererseits eine individuelle Zuweisung zu (Trainings)Interventionen erlaubt. Es wird die Entwicklungsrationale beschrieben und dabei verschiedene methodische Herangehensweisen und Entscheidungssequenzen reflektiert.},
language = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Ritter2002,
author = {Ritter, Andreas},
title = {Wandlungen in der Steuerung des DDR-Hochleistungssports in den 1960er und 1970er Jahren},
publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
address = {Potsdam},
isbn = {978-3-935024-61-7},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-0000665},
school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
pages = {337},
year = {2002},
abstract = {Die intensive Auswertung unterschiedlicher schriftlicher und m{\"u}ndlicher Quellen sowie die Erschließung von damals "geheimer" Literatur f{\"u}r die Forschung heute erm{\"o}glicht eine differenzierte Rekonstruktion historischer Abl{\"a}ufe. Die vorliegende Arbeit nutzt diesen Zugang zur Darstellung von kleineren und gr{\"o}ßeren DDR-internen sportpolitischen Strukturwandlungen der 1960er und 1970er Jahre, die ihren H{\"o}hepunkt in einer dramatischen Umsteuerung des DDR-Hochleistungssports fanden. Es wird gezeigt, wie die Akteure unter F{\"u}hrung von Manfred EWALD, gew{\"a}hltem Mitglied des SED-Zentralkomitees, einer Zentralfigur des DDR-Sports (vergleichbar mit der Bedeutung eines Willi DAUME im Westen) zwischen Systemzw{\"a}ngen und individueller Handlungsfreiheit innerhalb des Rahmens einer Diktatur in der Phase des Wechsels von Walter ULBRICHT zu Erich HONECKER eine Effektivierung des zentralistischen Modells durchsetzten (eine Parallele zum Ansatz von Monika KAISER). Im Gegensatz zu vielen kontroversen Erkl{\"a}rungsmodellen belegt der Verf., dass die Medaillenerfolge durch die zentrale Steuerung aller Abl{\"a}ufe gew{\"a}hrleistet wurden. Ohne SED-Auftrag wurde 1967 die "Leistungssportkommission der DDR" (LSK der DDR) gebildet. Im Unterschied zu den zahlreichen vom Verf. erstmals dargestellten Vorg{\"a}ngermodellen war diese SED-LSK "oberhalb des DTSB" angesiedelt und erteilte ihm Parteiauftr{\"a}ge - die Unterordnung des organisierten Sports unter die Autorit{\"a}t des Zentralkomitee machte angesichts der "Nationalen Fronten" von Armeesportvereinigung "Vorw{\"a}rts" und Sportvereinigung "Dynamo" (SPITZER) jegliche zentrale Sportpolitik erst durchsetzbar. Zur "LSK der DDR" waren SED-Mitglieder abgeordnet, welche ihr Sachgebiet vertraten und nach gemeinsamer Beschlussfassung die Ergebnisse der LSK-Arbeit wiederum in ihrem jeweiligen T{\"a}tigkeitsfeld durchzusetzen hatten, was in der Diss. ausgef{\"u}hrt wird. Sportvertreter ebenso wie hochrangige Abgesandte der Ministerien, die mit der Produktion von G{\"u}tern f{\"u}r den Hochleistungssport befasst waren, geh{\"o}rten den LSK-Gremien an, die auch die DDR-Sportwissenschaft steuerten; es l{\"a}sst sich sogar nachweisen, dass die Herrschaft {\"u}ber diesen wichtigen Apparat sowie die Dopingforschung ein Hauptmotiv der LSK-Bildung gewesen ist. Durch seine Quellenorientierung und die F{\"u}lle an Belegen gibt die vorliegende Arbeit neue Anreize zur Auseinandersetzung mit dem Ph{\"a}nomen der Steuerung des Hochleistungssports in der DDR - auch {\"u}ber den Untersuchungszeitraum hinaus. Die Untersuchung wurde von der Humanwissenschaftlichen Fakult{\"a}t der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam als Dissertation angenommen. Sie geht auf ein Stipendium dieser Universit{\"a}t zur{\"u}ck; das Verfahren konnte mit einem Pr{\"a}dikat abgeschlossen werden. Gutachter waren Prof. Dr. Dr. Gertrud PFISTER, Kopenhagen, Prof. Dr. Christoph KLEßMANN, Potsdam, und der Betreuer, Steady Visiting Prof. Univ. Odense, Priv.-Doz. Dr. habil. Giselher SPITZER, Berlin / Potsdam / Odense (D{\"a}nemark).},
language = {de}
}
@misc{PuschmannLinWippert2021,
author = {Puschmann, Anne-Katrin and Lin, I-Chiao and Wippert, Pia-Maria},
title = {Sustainability of a motor control exercise intervention},
series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
journal = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
address = {Potsdam},
issn = {1866-8364},
doi = {10.25932/publishup-54408},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-544083},
pages = {1 -- 8},
year = {2021},
abstract = {Development of chronic pain after a low back pain episode is associated with increased pain sensitivity, altered pain processing mechanisms and the influence of psychosocial factors. Although there is some evidence that multimodal therapy (such as behavioral or motor control therapy) may be an important therapeutic strategy, its long-term effect on pain reduction and psychosocial load is still unclear. Prospective longitudinal designs providing information about the extent of such possible long-term effects are missing. This study aims to investigate the long-term effects of a homebased uni- and multidisciplinary motor control exercise program on low back pain intensity, disability and psychosocial variables. 14 months after completion of a multicenter study comparing uni- and multidisciplinary exercise interventions, a sample of one study center (n = 154) was assessed once more. Participants filled in questionnaires regarding their low back pain symptoms (characteristic pain intensity and related disability), stress and vital exhaustion (short version of the Maastricht Vital Exhaustion Questionnaire), anxiety and depression experiences (the Hospital and Anxiety Depression Scale), and pain-related cognitions (the Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire). Repeated measures mixed ANCOVAs were calculated to determine the long-term effects of the interventions on characteristic pain intensity and disability as well as on the psychosocial variables. Fifty four percent of the sub-sample responded to the questionnaires (n = 84). Longitudinal analyses revealed a significant long-term effect of the exercise intervention on pain disability. The multidisciplinary group missed statistical significance yet showed a medium sized long-term effect. The groups did not differ in their changes of the psychosocial variables of interest. There was evidence of long-term effects of the interventions on pain-related disability, but there was no effect on the other variables of interest. This may be partially explained by participant's low comorbidities at baseline. Results are important regarding costless homebased alternatives for back pain patients and prevention tasks. Furthermore, this study closes the gap of missing long-term effect analysis in this field.},
language = {en}
}
@article{SchinkoethWeymarBrand2019,
author = {Schink{\"o}th, Michaela and Weymar, Mathias and Brand, Ralf},
title = {Listening to the heart},
series = {Psychology of sport and exercise},
volume = {45},
journal = {Psychology of sport and exercise},
publisher = {Elsevier},
address = {Amsterdam},
issn = {1469-0292},
doi = {10.1016/j.psychsport.2019.101541},
pages = {4},
year = {2019},
abstract = {Objective: The affective-reflective theory of physical inactivity and exercise suggests that the mere thought of exercise can lead to an immediate somato-affective response which, if negative, will drive a physically inactive person to maintain his or her current exercise-avoidant behavior. This study aimed to test the assumption that the somatic core of this affective response can be identified by means of heart rate variability (HRV) analysis. Design: This study followed a within-subject experimental design. Method. Participants were 91 adult men and women whose HR and HRV were monitored whilst they viewed exercise-related and control pictures in a laboratory setting. Results: Analyses revealed a decrease in HRV during the viewing of exercise-related pictures in less physically active participants. These participants reported that the same pictures elicited feelings with relatively low affective valence and arousal. There were no changes in HR.},
language = {en}
}
@misc{BisiBalogunTorlak2017,
author = {Bisi-Balogun, Adebisi and Torlak, Firdevs},
title = {Outcomes following hip and quadriceps strengthening exercises for patellofemoral syndrome},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-400413},
pages = {21},
year = {2017},
abstract = {There is growing evidence to support change in the rehabilitation strategy of patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) from traditional quadriceps strengthening exercises to inclusion of hip musculature strengthening in individuals with PFPS. Several studies have evaluated effects of quadriceps and hip musculature strengthening on PFPS with varying outcomes on pain and function. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to synthesize outcomes of pain and function post-intervention and at follow-up to determine whether outcomes vary depending on the exercise strategy in both the short and long term. Electronic databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, PubMed, Pedro database, Proquest, Science direct, and EBscoHost databases were searched for randomized control trials published between 1st of January 2005 and 31st of June 2015, comparing the outcomes of pain and function following quadriceps strengthening and hip musculature strengthening exercises in patients with PFPS. Two independent reviewers assessed each paper for inclusion and quality. Means and SDs were extracted from each included study to allow effect size calculations and comparison of results. Six randomized control trials met the inclusion criteria. Limited to moderate evidence indicates that hip abductor strengthening was associated with significantly lower pain post-intervention (SMD -0.88, -1.28 to -0.47 95\% CI), and at 12 months (SMD -3.10, -3.71 to -2.50 95\% CI) with large effect sizes (greater than 0.80) compared to quadriceps strengthening. Our findings suggest that incorporating hip musculature strengthening in management of PFPS tailored to individual ability will improve short-term and long-term outcomes of rehabilitation. Further research evaluating the effects of quadriceps and hip abductors strengthening focusing on reduction in anterior knee pain and improvement in function in management of PFPS is needed.},
language = {en}
}
@misc{SallenHemmingRichartz2017,
author = {Sallen, Jeffrey and Hemming, Karen and Richartz, Alfred},
title = {Facilitating dual careers by improving resistance to chronic stress},
series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
number = {463},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-412735},
pages = {12},
year = {2017},
abstract = {The starting point of this contribution is the potential risk to health and performance from the combination of elite sporting careers with the pursuit of education. In European sport science and politics, structural measures to promote dual careers in elite sports have been discussed increasingly of late. In addition to organisational measures, there are calls for educational-psychological intervention programmes supporting the successful management of dual careers at the individual level. This paper presents an appropriate intervention programme and its evaluation: stress-resistance training for elite athletes (SRT-EA). It comprises 10 units, each lasting 90 minutes. It is intended for athletes and aims to improve their resistance to chronic stress. The evaluation was carried out in a quasi-experimental design, with three points of measurement (baseline, immediately after, and three months after) and two non-randomised groups: an intervention group (n = 128) and an untreated control group (n = 117). Participants were between 13 and 20 years of age (53.5\% male) and represented various Olympic sports. Outcome variables were assessed with questionnaires. Significant short- and mid-term intervention effects were explored. The intervention increased stress-related knowledge, general self-efficacy, and stress sensitivity. Chronic stress level, stress symptoms, and stress reactivity were reduced. In line with the intention of the intervention, the results showed short- and mid-term, small to medium-sized effects. Accordingly, separate measurements at the end of the intervention and three months later showed mostly positive subjective experiences. Thus, the results reinforce the hope that educational-psychological stress-management interventions can support dual careers.},
language = {en}
}
@article{KotthausSchaeferStankovicetal.2021,
author = {Kotthaus, Jochem and Sch{\"a}fer, Matthias and Stankovic, Nikola and Weitzel, Gerrit},
title = {How soccer becomes politics},
series = {International journal of sport communication},
volume = {14},
journal = {International journal of sport communication},
number = {3},
publisher = {Human Kinetics Publ.},
address = {Champaign},
issn = {1936-3915},
doi = {10.1123/ijsc.2020-0320},
pages = {428 -- 447},
year = {2021},
abstract = {In this case study, the authors elaborate on the narrative structure of transnational popular media events. Drawing from Dayan and Katz's concept of media events and Julia Sonnevend's exceptional work on iconic global media events, they argue that fundamental changes in the way occurrences are being reported on and news is structured must be considered. Allowing for recent technological advancements, the role of the consumer and the compression of time in media use, the authors develop a methodological and theoretical framework fitting a more mundane and everyday life-based approach. They derive their results from the analysis of the "Podgorica Media Event," a news cycle emerging from a racist incident during an international soccer game between England and Montenegro. Based on the body of 250 international news pieces, they identify a primary mother narration and a distinctive narration as the typical ways of storytelling on a transnational level. While differing greatly in content, aspects of transnational popular media events serve to protect and reify the cultural background they are grounded in on a national level. Thus, we assume that sport, or, more specifically, soccer, may become political in media communication not by the impact of state government but by the consumers themselves choosing and developing a popular media event in the first place.},
language = {en}
}
@article{MarkovHauserChaabene2022,
author = {Markov, Adrian and Hauser, Lukas and Chaabene, Helmi},
title = {Effects of concurrent strength and endurance training on measures of physical fitness in healthy middle-aged and older adults},
series = {Sports medicine : an international journal of applied medicine and science in sport and exercise},
volume = {53},
journal = {Sports medicine : an international journal of applied medicine and science in sport and exercise},
number = {2},
publisher = {Springer},
address = {Heidelberg},
issn = {0112-1642},
doi = {10.1007/s40279-022-01764-2},
pages = {437 -- 455},
year = {2022},
abstract = {Background There is evidence that in older adults the combination of strength training (ST) and endurance training (ET) (i.e., concurrent training [CT]) has similar effects on measures of muscle strength and cardiorespiratory endurance (CRE) compared with single-mode ST or ET, respectively. Therefore, CT seems to be an effective method to target broad aspects of physical fitness in older adults. Objectives The aim was to examine the effects of CT on measures of physical fitness (i.e., muscle strength, power, balance and CRE) in healthy middle-aged and older adults aged between 50 and 73 years. We also aimed to identify key moderating variables to guide training prescription. Study Design We conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Data Sources The electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, MEDLINE and Google Scholar were systematically searched until February 2022. Eligibility Criteria for Selecting Studies We included randomized controlled trials that examined the effects of CT versus passive controls on measures of physical fitness in healthy middle-aged and older adults aged between 50 and 73 years. Results Fifteen studies were eligible, including a total of 566 participants. CT induced moderate positive effects on muscle strength (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.74) and power (SMD = 0.50), with a small effect on CRE (SMD = 0.48). However, no significant effects were detected for balance (p > 0.05). Older adults > 65 years (SMD = 1.04) and females (SMD = 1.05) displayed larger improvements in muscle strength compared with adults <= 65 years old (SMD = 0.60) and males (SMD = 0.38), respectively. For CRE, moderate positive effects (SMD = 0.52) were reported in those <= 65 years old only, with relatively larger gains in females (SMD = 0.55) compared with males (SMD = 0.45). However, no significant differences between all subgroups were detected. Independent single training factor analysis indicated larger positive effects of 12 weeks (SMD = 0.87 and 0.88) compared with 21 weeks (SMD = 0.47 and 0.29) of CT on muscle strength and power, respectively, while for CRE, 21 weeks of CT resulted in larger gains (SMD = 0.62) than 12 weeks (SMD = 0.40). For CT frequency, three sessions per week produced larger beneficial effects (SMD = 0.91) on muscle strength compared with four sessions (SMD = 0.55), whereas for CRE, moderate positive effects were only noted after four sessions per week (SMD = 0.58). A session duration of > 30-60 min generated larger improvements in muscle strength (SMD = 0.99) and power (SMD = 0.88) compared with > 60-90 min (SMD = 0.40 and 0.29, respectively). However, for CRE, longer session durations (i.e., > 60-90 min) seem to be more effective (SMD = 0.61) than shorter ones (i.e., > 30-60 min) (SMD = 0.34). ET at moderate-to-near maximal intensities produced moderate (SMD = 0.64) and small positive effects (SMD = 0.49) on muscle strength and CRE, respectively, with no effects at low intensity ET (p > 0.05). Finally, intra-session ST before ET produced larger gains in muscle strength (SMD = 1.00) compared with separate sessions (SMD = 0.55), whereas ET and ST carried out separately induced larger improvements in CRE (SMD = 0.58) compared with intra-session ET before ST (SMD = 0.49). Conclusions CT is an effective method to improve measures of physical fitness (i.e., muscle strength, power, and CRE) in healthy middle-aged and older adults aged between 50 and 73 years, regardless of sex. Results of independent single training factor analysis indicated that the largest effects on muscle strength were observed after 12 weeks of training, > 30-60 min per session, three sessions per week, higher ET intensities and when ST preceded ET within the same session. For CRE, the largest effects were noted after 21 weeks of training, four sessions per week, > 60-90 min per session, higher ET intensities and when ET and ST sessions were performed separately. Regarding muscle power, the largest effects were observed after 12 weeks of training and > 30-60 min per session.},
language = {en}
}
@article{BrandNosratSpaethetal.2022,
author = {Brand, Ralf and Nosrat, Sanaz and Sp{\"a}th, Constantin and Timme, Sinika},
title = {Using COVID-19 Pandemic as a Prism: A Systematic Review of Methodological Approaches and the Quality of Empirical Studies on Physical Activity Behavior Change},
series = {Frontiers in Sports and Active Living},
volume = {4},
journal = {Frontiers in Sports and Active Living},
publisher = {Frontiers},
address = {Lausanne, Schweiz},
issn = {2624-9367},
doi = {10.3389/fspor.2022.864468},
pages = {1 -- 17},
year = {2022},
abstract = {Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of scientific endeavors. The goal of this systematic review is to evaluate the quality of the research on physical activity (PA) behavior change and its potential to contribute to policy-making processes in the early days of COVID-19 related restrictions. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of methodological quality of current research according to PRISMA guidelines using Pubmed and Web of Science, of articles on PA behavior change that were published within 365 days after COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). Items from the JBI checklist and the AXIS tool were used for additional risk of bias assessment. Evidence mapping is used for better visualization of the main results. Conclusions about the significance of published articles are based on hypotheses on PA behavior change in the light of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: Among the 1,903 identified articles, there were 36\% opinion pieces, 53\% empirical studies, and 9\% reviews. Of the 332 studies included in the systematic review, 213 used self-report measures to recollect prepandemic behavior in often small convenience samples. Most focused changes in PA volume, whereas changes in PA types were rarely measured. The majority had methodological reporting flaws. Few had very large samples with objective measures using repeated measure design (pre and during the pandemic). In addition to the expected decline in PA duration, these studies show that many of those who were active prepandemic, continued to be active during the pandemic. Conclusions: Research responded quickly at the onset of the pandemic. However, most of the studies lacked robust methodology, and PA behavior change data lacked the accuracy needed to guide policy makers. To improve the field, we propose the implementation of longitudinal cohort studies by larger organizations such as WHO to ease access to data on PA behavior, and suggest those institutions set clear standards for this research. Researchers need to ensure a better fit between the measurement method and the construct being measured, and use both objective and subjective measures where appropriate to complement each other and provide a comprehensive picture of PA behavior.},
language = {en}
}
@misc{BrandNosratSpaethetal.2022,
author = {Brand, Ralf and Nosrat, Sanaz and Sp{\"a}th, Constantin and Timme, Sinika},
title = {Using COVID-19 Pandemic as a Prism: A Systematic Review of Methodological Approaches and the Quality of Empirical Studies on Physical Activity Behavior Change},
series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
journal = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
address = {Potsdam},
issn = {1866-8364},
doi = {10.25932/publishup-56362},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-563625},
pages = {1 -- 17},
year = {2022},
abstract = {Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of scientific endeavors. The goal of this systematic review is to evaluate the quality of the research on physical activity (PA) behavior change and its potential to contribute to policy-making processes in the early days of COVID-19 related restrictions. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of methodological quality of current research according to PRISMA guidelines using Pubmed and Web of Science, of articles on PA behavior change that were published within 365 days after COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). Items from the JBI checklist and the AXIS tool were used for additional risk of bias assessment. Evidence mapping is used for better visualization of the main results. Conclusions about the significance of published articles are based on hypotheses on PA behavior change in the light of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: Among the 1,903 identified articles, there were 36\% opinion pieces, 53\% empirical studies, and 9\% reviews. Of the 332 studies included in the systematic review, 213 used self-report measures to recollect prepandemic behavior in often small convenience samples. Most focused changes in PA volume, whereas changes in PA types were rarely measured. The majority had methodological reporting flaws. Few had very large samples with objective measures using repeated measure design (pre and during the pandemic). In addition to the expected decline in PA duration, these studies show that many of those who were active prepandemic, continued to be active during the pandemic. Conclusions: Research responded quickly at the onset of the pandemic. However, most of the studies lacked robust methodology, and PA behavior change data lacked the accuracy needed to guide policy makers. To improve the field, we propose the implementation of longitudinal cohort studies by larger organizations such as WHO to ease access to data on PA behavior, and suggest those institutions set clear standards for this research. Researchers need to ensure a better fit between the measurement method and the construct being measured, and use both objective and subjective measures where appropriate to complement each other and provide a comprehensive picture of PA behavior.},
language = {en}
}
@article{PalmaMunozRamirezCampilloAzocarGallardoetal.2021,
author = {Palma-Mu{\~n}oz, Ignacio and Ram{\´i}rez-Campillo, Rodrigo and Azocar-Gallardo, Jairo and {\´A}lvarez, Cristian and Asadi, Abbas and Moran, Jason and Chaabene, Helmi},
title = {Effects of progressed and nonprogressed volume-based overload plyometric training on components of physical fitness and body composition variables in youth male basketball players},
series = {Journal of strength and conditioning research : the research journal of the NSCA},
volume = {35},
journal = {Journal of strength and conditioning research : the research journal of the NSCA},
number = {6},
publisher = {Lippincott Williams \& Wilkins},
address = {Philadelphia},
issn = {1064-8011},
doi = {10.1519/JSC.0000000000002950},
pages = {1642 -- 1649},
year = {2021},
abstract = {This study examined the effect of 6 weeks of progressed and nonprogressed volume-based overload plyometric training (PT) on components of physical fitness and body composition measures in young male basketball players, compared with an active control group. Subjects were randomly assigned to a progressed PT (PPT, n = 7; age = 14.6 +/- 1.1 years), a non-PPT (NPPT, n = 8, age = 13.8 +/- 2.0 years), or a control group (CG, n = 7, age = 14.0 +/- 2.0 years). Before and after training, body composition measures (muscle mass and fat mass), countermovement jump with arms (CMJA) and countermovement jump without arms (CMJ), horizontal bilateral (HCMJ) and unilateral jump with right leg (RJ) and left leg (LJ), 20-cm drop jump (DJ20), sprint speed (10 m sprint), and change of direction speed (CODS [i.e., T-test]) were tested. Significant effects of time were observed for muscle and fat mass, all jump measures, and CODS (all p < 0.01; d = 0.37-0.83). Significant training group x time interactions were observed for all jump measures (all p < 0.05; d = 0.24-0.41). Post hoc analyses revealed significant pre-post performance improvements for the PPT (RJ and LJ: increment 18.6\%, d = 0.8 and increment 22.7\%, d = 0.9, respectively; HCMJ: increment 16.4\%, d = 0.8; CMJ: increment 22.4\%, d = 0.7; CMJA: increment 23.3\%, d = 0.7; and DJ20: increment 39.7\%, d = 1.1) and for the NPPT group (LJ: increment 14.1\%, d = 0.4; DJ20: increment 32.9\%, d = 0.8) with greater changes after PPT compared with NPPT for all jump measures (all p < 0.05; d = 0.21-0.81). The training efficiency was greater (p < 0.05; d = 0.22) after PPT (0.015\% per jump) compared with NPPT (0.0053\% per-jump). The PPT induced larger performance improvements on measures of physical fitness as compared to NPPT. Therefore, in-season progressive volume-based overload PT in young male basketball players is recommended.},
language = {en}
}
@article{BuschTrounsonBrowneetal.2022,
author = {Busch, Aglaja and Trounson, Karl M. and Browne, Peter and Robertson, Sam},
title = {Effects of lower limb light-weight wearable resistance on running biomechanics},
series = {Journal of biomechanics : affiliated with the American Society of Biomechanics, the European Society of Biomechanics, the International Society of Biomechanics, the Japanese Society for Clinical Biomechanics and Related Research and the Australian and New Zealand Society of Biomechanics},
volume = {130},
journal = {Journal of biomechanics : affiliated with the American Society of Biomechanics, the European Society of Biomechanics, the International Society of Biomechanics, the Japanese Society for Clinical Biomechanics and Related Research and the Australian and New Zealand Society of Biomechanics},
publisher = {Elsevier Science},
address = {New York, NY [u.a.]},
issn = {0021-9290},
doi = {10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110903},
pages = {7},
year = {2022},
abstract = {Wearable resistance allows individualized loading for sport specific movements and can lead to specific strength adaptations benefiting the athlete. The objective was to determine biomechanical changes during running with lower limb light-weight wearable resistance. Fourteen participants (age: 28 +/- 4 years; height: 180 +/- 8 cm; body mass: 77 +/- 6 kg) wore shorts and calf sleeves of a compression suit allowing attachment of light loads. Participants completed four times two mins 20-m over-ground shuttle running bouts at 3.3 m*s(-1) alternated by three mins rest. The first running bout was unloaded and the other three bouts were under randomised loaded conditions (1\%, 3\% and 5\% additional loading of the individual body mass). 3D motion cameras and force plates recorded kinematic and kinetic data at the midpoint of each 20-m shuttle. Friedman-test for repeated measures and linear mixed effect model analysis were used to determine differences between the loading conditions (alpha = 0.05). Increased peak vertical ground reaction force (2.7 N/kg to 2.74 N/kg), ground contact time (0.20 s to 0.21 s) and decreased step length (1.49 m to 1.45 m) were found with additional 5 \% body mass loading compared to unloaded running (0.001 > p < 0.007). Marginally more knee flexion and hip extension and less plantarflexion was seen with higher loading. Differences in the assessed parameters were present between each loading condition but accompanied by subject variability. Further studies, also examining long term effects, should be conducted to further inform use of this training tool.},
language = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Antoniewicz2016,
author = {Antoniewicz, Franziska},
title = {Automatic evaluations of exercising},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-92280},
school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
year = {2016},
abstract = {Changing the perspective sometimes offers completely new insights to an already well-known phenomenon. Exercising behavior, defined as planned, structured and repeated bodily movements with the intention to maintain or increase the physical fitness (Caspersen, Powell, \& Christenson, 1985), can be thought of as such a well-known phenomenon that has been in the scientific focus for many decades (Dishman \& O'Connor, 2005). Within these decades a perspective that assumes rational and controlled evaluations as the basis for decision making, was predominantly used to understand why some people engage in physical activity and others do not (Ekkekakis \& Zenko, 2015). Dual-process theories (Ekkekakis \& Zenko, 2015; Payne \& Gawronski, 2010) provide another perspective, that is not exclusively influenced by rational reasoning. These theories differentiate two different processes that guide behavior "depending on whether they operate automatically or in a controlled fashion" (Gawronski \& Creighton, 2012, p. 282). Following this line of thought, exercise behavior is not solely influenced by thoughtful deliberations (e.g. concluding that exercising is healthy) but also by spontaneous affective reactions (e.g. disliking being sweaty while exercising). The theoretical frameworks of dual-process models are not new in psychology (Chaiken \& Trope, 1999) and have already been used for the explanation of numerous behaviors (e.g. Hofmann, Friese, \& Wiers, 2008; Huijding, de Jong, Wiers, \& Verkooijen, 2005). However, they have only rarely been used for the explanation of exercise behavior (e.g. Bluemke, Brand, Schweizer, \& Kahlert, 2010; Conroy, Hyde, Doerksen, \& Ribeiro, 2010; Hyde, Doerksen, Ribeiro, \& Conroy, 2010). The assumption of two dissimilar behavior influencing processes, differs fundamentally from previous theories and thus from the research that has been conducted in the last decades in exercise psychology. Research mainly concentrated on predictors of the controlled processes and addressed the identified predictors in exercise interventions (Ekkekakis \& Zenko, 2015; Hagger, Chatzisarantis, \& Biddle, 2002). Predictors arising from the described automatic processes, for example automatic evaluations for exercising (AEE), have been neglected in exercise psychology for many years. Until now, only a few researchers investigated the influence of these AEE for exercising behavior (Bluemke et al., 2010; Brand \& Schweizer, 2015; Markland, Hall, Duncan, \& Simatovic, 2015). Marginally more researchers focused on the impact of AEE for physical activity behavior (Calitri, Lowe, Eves, \& Bennett, 2009; Conroy et al., 2010; Hyde et al., 2010; Hyde, Elavsky, Doerksen, \& Conroy, 2012). The extant studies mainly focused on the quality of AEE and the associated quantity of exercise (exercise much or little; Bluemke et al., 2010; Calitri et al., 2009; Conroy et al., 2010; Hyde et al., 2012). In sum, there is still a dramatic lack of empirical knowledge, when applying dual-process theories to exercising behavior, even though these theories have proven to be successful in explaining behavior in many other health-relevant domains like eating, drinking or smoking behavior (e.g. Hofmann et al., 2008). The main goal of the present dissertation was to collect empirical evidence for the influence of AEE on exercise behavior and to expand the so far exclusively correlational studies by experimentally controlled studies. By doing so, the ongoing debate on a paradigm shift from controlled and deliberative influences of exercise behavior towards approaches that consider automatic and affective influences (Ekkekakis \& Zenko, 2015) should be encouraged. All three conducted publications are embedded in dual-process theorizing (Gawronski \& Bodenhausen, 2006, 2014; Strack \& Deutsch, 2004). These theories offer a theoretical framework that could integrate the established controlled variables of exercise behavior explanation and additionally consider automatic factors for exercise behavior like AEE. Taken together, the empirical findings collected suggest that AEE play an important and diverse role for exercise behavior. They represent exercise setting preferences, are a cause for short-term exercise decisions and are decisive for long-term exercise adherence. Adding to the few already present studies in this field, the influence of (positive) AEE for exercise behavior was confirmed in all three presented publications. Even though the available set of studies needs to be extended in prospectively studies, first steps towards a more complete picture have been taken. Closing with the beginning of the synopsis: I think that time is right for a change of perspectives! This means a careful extension of the present theories with controlled evaluations explaining exercise behavior. Dual-process theories including controlled and automatic evaluations could provide such a basis for future research endeavors in exercise psychology.},
language = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Serag2013,
author = {Serag, Rabe Al Sayed Al Sayed},
title = {Motivationale und Volitionale Aspekte im Leistungssport im interkulturellen Vergleich zwischen Deutschland und {\"A}gypten : eine explorative Analyse am Beispiel Ringen},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-64199},
school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
year = {2013},
abstract = {Kultur gibt den Menschen eine Orientierung. Sie machen darin ganz spezifische Erfahrungen. Hieraus entwickeln sich auch motivationale Orientierungen. Dadurch werden andere Erfahrungen gemacht, die Sportler k{\"o}nnen andere Motivation und Volition entwickeln. Dabei sind mehr kollektivistische Kulturen eher vermeidungs-motiviert und mehr individualistische Kulturen mehr erfolgsorientiert. Beim Kollektivismus erscheint die Leistungsmotivation eher unter einem sozialen Aspekt, n{\"a}mlich die Auseinandersetzung mit einem G{\"u}temaßstab, der eher von außen vorgegeben wird und weniger einem ausschließlich eigenen Maßstab. {\"A}gypten erweist sich im Vergleich zu Deutschland als eine eher kollektivistisch gepr{\"a}gte Kultur. Daraus ergeben sich folgende Unterschiede: Einen signifikanten Unterschied zwischen deutschen und {\"a}gyptischen Ringern gibt es in der Wettkampforientierung und bei der Sieg- bzw. Gewinn-Orientierung. Die {\"a}gyptischen Ringer habe eine h{\"o}here Auspr{\"a}gung als die Deutschen. Sie weisen auch eine etwas h{\"o}here Zielorientierung auf als die Deutschen. Entgegen den Erwartungen zeigte sich, dass es keine signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen den {\"a}gyptischen und deutschen Ringern gibt in der Variable: Sieg- bzw. Gewinn-Orientierung. Die Furcht vor Misserfolg sowie auch die Hoffnung auf Erfolg liegen h{\"o}her bei den {\"A}gyptern als bei den Deutschen. Bezogen auf die Modi der Handlungskontrolle verf{\"u}gen die Deutschen Ringer {\"u}ber eine h{\"o}her Auspr{\"a}gung auf allen drei Komponenten. Sie haben eine h{\"o}here Handlungsorientierung nach Misserfolg, eine h{\"o}here Handlungsplanung sowie eine h{\"o}here Handlungst{\"a}tigkeitsausf{\"u}hrung. Diese kulturell kontrastive Studie {\"u}ber die psychologischen Aspekte, im Bereich der Leistungsmotivation und der Handlungskontrolle, kann f{\"u}r die Sportart Ringen sehr n{\"u}tzlich werden, da sie sehr wichtig ist beim Erkennen der sportlichen {\"U}berlegenheits- und Schw{\"a}chemerkmale. Sie wiederspiegelt auch die Hochstimmung in den entwickelten Staaten oder die Misere in den anderen Staaten. Aus den interkulturellen Unterschieden in der Motivation und Volition k{\"o}nnen somit verschiedene Maßnahmen zu sportpsychologischen Interventionen entwickelt werden. Es sollte unbedingt darauf wert gelegt werden, dass die kulturell bedingten Unterschiede im Trainingsalltag beachtet werden, bei Teams, die aus Personen aus unterschiedlichen Kulturkreisen stammen.},
language = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Hoehne2011,
author = {H{\"o}hne, Janet},
title = {Aktivit{\"a}ts- und Herzfrequenz-Monitoring zur Erfassung der Bewegungszeit und der Bewegungsintensit{\"a}t im schulischen und außerschulischen Kontext von Grundsch{\"u}lern im Land Brandenburg},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-57937},
school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
year = {2011},
abstract = {"Kinderwelt ist Bewegungswelt" (Schmidt, 1997, S. 156, zitiert nach Schmidt, Hartmann-Tews \& Brettschneider, 2003, S. 31). Das kindliche Bewegungsverhalten hat sich bereits im Grundschulalter ver{\"a}ndert, so dass sich Bewegungsaktivit{\"a}ten von Kindern erheblich unterscheiden und keineswegs mehr verallgemeinert werden k{\"o}nnen. Richtet man den Fokus auf die Frage „Wie bewegt sind unsere Kinder?" so scheint diese von den Medien bereits beantwortet zu sein, da dort von ansteigendem Bewegungsmangel der heutigen Kinder gegen{\"u}ber fr{\"u}heren Generationen berichtet wird. Wenn es in den Diskussionen um den Gesundheitszustand unserer Kinder geht, nimmt die k{\"o}rperlich-sportliche Aktivit{\"a}t eine entscheidende Rolle ein. Bewegungsmangel ist hierbei ein zentraler Begriff der in der {\"O}ffentlichkeit diskutiert wird. Bei der Betrachtung der einzelnen Studien f{\"a}llt auf, dass deutliche Defizite in der Messung der k{\"o}rperlich-sportlichen Aktivit{\"a}t bestehen. Zentraler Kritikpunkt in den meisten Studien ist die subjektive Erfassung der k{\"o}rperlich-sportlichen Aktivit{\"a}t. Ein Großteil bisheriger Untersuchungen zum Bewegungsverhalten basiert auf Beobachtungen, Befragungen oder Bewegungstageb{\"u}chern. Diese liefern ausschließlich zum Teil subjektive Einsch{\"a}tzungen der Kinder oder Eltern {\"u}ber die tats{\"a}chliche Bewegungszeit und -intensit{\"a}t. Das objektive Erfassen der Aktivit{\"a}t bzw. Inaktivit{\"a}t ist zwar seit einigen Jahren zentraler Gegenstand vieler Studien, dennoch gilt es, dieses noch sachkundiger zu l{\"o}sen, um subjektive und objektive Daten zu vergleichen. Um dem Bewegungsmangel der heutigen Kinder entgegenzuwirken, sind empirisch abgesicherte Erkenntnisse {\"u}ber die Bedingungsfaktoren und die Folgen des ver{\"a}nderten Bewegungsverhaltens dringend n{\"o}tig. Die Quer- und L{\"a}ngsschnittuntersuchung umfasst die Bereiche Anthropometrie, die Erfassung der k{\"o}rperlich-sportlichen Aktivit{\"a}t und die Herzfrequenzmessung {\"u}ber 24h. F{\"u}r die Studie konnten 106 Jungen und M{\"a}dchen im Zeitraum von Januar 2007 bis April 2009 rekrutiert und {\"u}berpr{\"u}ft werden. Die physiologischen Parameter wurden mit Hilfe des ACTIHEART-Messsytems aufgezeichnet und berechnet. Die Ergebnisse zur k{\"o}rperlich-sportlichen Aktivit{\"a}t wurden in die Untersuchungsabschnitte Schulzeit gesamt, Pause, Sportunterricht, Nachmittag und 24h unterteilt. Durch das Messsystem werden die Bewegungsaktivit{\"a}t und die Herzfrequenz synchron aufgezeichnet. Das System nimmt die Beschleunigungswerte des K{\"o}rpers auf und speichert sie im frei w{\"a}hlbaren Zeitintervall, Short oder Long Term, in Form von „activity counts" ab. Das Messsytem berechnet weiterhin die Intensit{\"a}t k{\"o}rperlicher Aktivit{\"a}t.},
language = {de}
}
@article{ElAshkerChaabeneNegraetal.2018,
author = {El-Ashker, Said and Chaabene, Helmi and Negra, Yassine and Prieske, Olaf and Granacher, Urs},
title = {Cardio-Respiratory Endurance Responses Following a Simulated 3 x 3 Minutes Amateur Boxing Contest in Elite Level Boxers},
series = {Sports},
volume = {6},
journal = {Sports},
number = {4},
publisher = {MDPI},
address = {Basel},
issn = {2075-4663},
doi = {10.3390/sports6040119},
pages = {8},
year = {2018},
abstract = {This study aimed at examining physiological responses (i.e., oxygen uptake [VO2] and heart rate [HR]) to a semi-contact 3 x 3-min format, amateur boxing combat simulation in elite level male boxers. Eleven boxers aged 21.4 +/- 2.1 years (body height 173.4 +/- 3.7, body mass 74.9 +/- 8.6 kg, body fat 12.1 +/- 1.9, training experience 5.7 +/- 1.3 years) volunteered to participate in this study. They performed a maximal graded aerobic test on a motor-driven treadmill to determine maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max), oxygen uptake (VO2AT) and heart rate (HRAT) at the anaerobic threshold, and maximal heart rate (HRmax). Additionally, VO2 and peak HR (HRpeak) were recorded following each boxing round. Results showed no significant differences between VO2max values derived from the treadmill running test and VO2 outcomes of the simulated boxing contest (p > 0.05, d = 0.02 to 0.39). However, HRmax and HRpeak recorded from the treadmill running test and the simulated amateur boxing contest, respectively, displayed significant differences regardless of the boxing round (p < 0.01, d = 1.60 to 3.00). In terms of VO2 outcomes during the simulated contest, no significant between-round differences were observed (p = 0.19, d = 0.17 to 0.73). Irrespective of the boxing round, the recorded VO2 was >90\% of the VO2max. Likewise, HRpeak observed across the three boxing rounds were >= 90\% of the HRmax. In summary, the simulated 3 x 3-min amateur boxing contest is highly demanding from a physiological standpoint. Thus, coaches are advised to systematically monitor internal training load for instance through rating of perceived exertion to optimize training-related adaptations and to prevent boxers from overreaching and/or overtraining.},
language = {en}
}
@misc{RamirezCampilloMoranOliveretal.2022,
author = {Ramirez-Campillo, Rodrigo and Moran, Jason and Oliver, Jonathan L. and Pedley, Jason S. and Lloyd, Rhodri S. and Granacher, Urs},
title = {Programming Plyometric-Jump Training in Soccer: A Review},
series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
journal = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
number = {813},
issn = {1866-8364},
doi = {10.25932/publishup-58103},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-581031},
pages = {20},
year = {2022},
abstract = {The aim of this review was to describe and summarize the scientific literature on programming parameters related to jump or plyometric training in male and female soccer players of different ages and fitness levels. A literature search was conducted in the electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus using keywords related to the main topic of this study (e.g., "ballistic" and "plyometric"). According to the PICOS framework, the population for the review was restricted to soccer players, involved in jump or plyometric training. Among 7556 identified studies, 90 were eligible for inclusion. Only 12 studies were found for females. Most studies (n = 52) were conducted with youth male players. Moreover, only 35 studies determined the effectiveness of a given jump training programming factor. Based on the limited available research, it seems that a dose of 7 weeks (1-2 sessions per week), with ~80 jumps (specific of combined types) per session, using near-maximal or maximal intensity, with adequate recovery between repetitions (<15 s), sets (≥30 s) and sessions (≥24-48 h), using progressive overload and taper strategies, using appropriate surfaces (e.g., grass), and applied in a well-rested state, when combined with other training methods, would increase the outcome of effective and safe plyometric-jump training interventions aimed at improving soccer players physical fitness. In conclusion, jump training is an effective and easy-to-administer training approach for youth, adult, male and female soccer players. However, optimal programming for plyometric-jump training in soccer is yet to be determined in future research.},
language = {en}
}
@article{NegraChaabeneFernandezFernandezetal.2020,
author = {Negra, Yassine and Chaabene, Helmi and Fernandez-Fernandez, Jaime and Sammoud, Senda and Bouguezzi, Raja and Prieske, Olaf and Granacher, Urs},
title = {Short-term plyometric Jump training improves repeated-sprint ability in prepuberal male soccer players},
series = {Journal of strength and conditioning research : the research journal of the NSCA},
volume = {34},
journal = {Journal of strength and conditioning research : the research journal of the NSCA},
number = {11},
publisher = {Lippincott Williams \& Wilkins},
address = {Philadelphia},
issn = {1064-8011},
doi = {10.1519/JSC.0000000000002703},
pages = {3241 -- 3249},
year = {2020},
abstract = {This study examined the effects of a short-term (i.e., 8 weeks) combined horizontal and vertical plyometric jump training (PJT) program in combination with regular soccer-specific training as compared with soccer-specific training only on jump and change of direction (CoD) performances, speed, and repeated-sprint ability (RSA) in prepuberal male soccer players. Twenty-four players were recruited and randomly assigned to either a PJT group (PJT(G); n = 13; 12.7 +/- 0.2 years) or an active control group (CONG; n = 11; 12.7 +/- 0.2 years). The outcome measures included tests for the assessment of jump performance (drop jump from 20- to 40-cm height [DJ20 and DJ40] and 3-hop test [THT]), speed (20-m sprint), CoD (T-test), and RSA (20-m repeated shuttle sprint). Data were analyzed using magnitude-based inferences. Within-group analyses revealed large performance improvements in the T-test (d = -1.2), DJ20 (d = 3.7), DJ40 (d = 3.6), THT (d = 0.6), and the RSA(total) (d = -1.6) in the PJT(G). Between-group analyses showed greater performance improvements in the T-test (d = -2.9), 20-m sprint time (d = -2.0), DJ20 (d = 2.4), DJ40 (d = 2.0), THT (d = 1.9), RSA(best) (d = -1.9), and the RSA(total) (d = -1.9) in the PJT(G) compared with CONG. Eight weeks of an in-season PJT in addition to regular soccer-specific training induced larger increases in measures of physical fitness in prepuberal male soccer players compared with regular soccer-specific training only. More specifically, PJT was effective in improving RSA performance.},
language = {en}
}
@article{JafarnezhadgeroPiranHamlabadiSajedietal.2022,
author = {Jafarnezhadgero, Amir Ali and Piran Hamlabadi, Milad and Sajedi, Heidar and Granacher, Urs},
title = {Recreational runners who recovered from COVID-19 show different running kinetics and muscle activities compared with healthy controls},
series = {Gait \& posture : official journal of Gait and Clinical Movement Analysis Society, European Society of Movement Analysis in Adults and Children, Societ{\`a} Italiana di Analisi del Movimento in Clinica, International Society for Posture and Gait Research},
volume = {91},
journal = {Gait \& posture : official journal of Gait and Clinical Movement Analysis Society, European Society of Movement Analysis in Adults and Children, Societ{\`a} Italiana di Analisi del Movimento in Clinica, International Society for Posture and Gait Research},
publisher = {Elsevier},
address = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
issn = {0966-6362},
doi = {10.1016/j.gaitpost.2021.11.002},
pages = {260 -- 265},
year = {2022},
abstract = {Background: Social isolation through quarantine represents an effective means to prevent COVID-19 infection. A negative side-effect of quarantine is low physical activity. Research question: What are the differences of running kinetics and muscle activities of recreational runners with a history of COVID-19 versus healthy controls? Methods: Forty men and women aged 20-30 years participated in this study and were divided into two experimental groups. Group 1 (age: 24.1 +/- 2.9) consisted of participants with a history of COVID-19 (COVID group) and group 2 (age: 24.2 +/- 2.7) of healthy age and sex-matched controls (controls). Both groups were tested for their running kinetics using a force plate and electromyographic activities (i.e., tibialis anterior [TA], gastrocnemius medialis [Gas-M], biceps femoris [BF], semitendinosus [ST], vastus lateralis [VL], vastus medialis [VM], rectus femoris [RF], gluteus medius [Glut-M]). Results: Results demonstrated higher peak vertical (p = 0.029; d=0.788) and medial (p = 0.004; d=1.119) ground reaction forces (GRFs) during push-off in COVID individuals compared with controls. Moreover, higher peak lateral GRFs were found during heel contact (p = 0.001; d=1.536) in the COVID group. COVID-19 individuals showed a shorter time-to-reach the peak vertical (p = 0.001; d=3.779) and posterior GRFs (p = 0.005; d=1.099) during heel contact. Moreover, the COVID group showed higher Gas-M (p = 0.007; d=1.109) and lower VM activity (p = 0.026; d=0.811) at heel contact. Significance: Different running kinetics and muscle activities were found in COVID-19 individuals versus healthy controls. Therefore, practitioners and therapists are advised to implement balance and/or strength training to improve lower limbs alignment and mediolateral control during dynamic movements in runners who recovered from COVID-19.},
language = {en}
}
@article{SammoudNegraBouguezzietal.2021,
author = {Sammoud, Senda and Negra, Yassine and Bouguezzi, Raja and Hachana, Younes and Granacher, Urs and Chaabene, Helmi},
title = {The effects of plyometric jump training on jump and sport-specific performances in prepubertal female swimmers},
series = {Journal of exercise science and fitness : JESF : official journal of The Society of Chinese Scholars on Exercise Physiology and Fitness and Hong Kong Association of Sports Medicine \& Sports Science},
volume = {19},
journal = {Journal of exercise science and fitness : JESF : official journal of The Society of Chinese Scholars on Exercise Physiology and Fitness and Hong Kong Association of Sports Medicine \& Sports Science},
number = {1},
publisher = {Elsevier},
address = {Singapore},
issn = {1728-869x},
doi = {10.1016/j.jesf.2020.07.003},
pages = {25 -- 31},
year = {2021},
abstract = {Background/objective Dry land-training (e.g., plyometric jump training) can be a useful mean to improve swimming performance. This study examined the effects of an 8-week plyometric jump training (PJT) program on jump and sport-specific performances in prepubertal female swimmers. Methods Twenty-two girls were randomly assigned to either a plyometric jump training group (PJTG; n = 12, age: 10.01 ± 0.57 years, maturity-offset = -1.50 ± 0.50, body mass = 36.39 ± 6.32 kg, body height = 146.90 ± 7.62 cm, body mass index = 16.50 ± 1.73 kg/m2) or an active control (CG; n = 10, age: 10.50 ± 0.28 years, maturity-offset = -1.34 ± 0.51, body mass = 38.41 ± 9.42 kg, body height = 143.60 ± 5.05 cm, body mass index = 18.48 ± 3.77 kg/m2). Pre- and post-training, tests were conducted for the assessment of muscle power (e.g., countermovement-jump [CMJ], standing-long-jump [SLJ]). Sport-specific-performances were tested using the timed 25 and 50-m front crawl with a diving-start, timed 25-m front crawl without push-off from the wall (25-m WP), and a timed 25-m kick without push-off from the wall (25-m KWP). Results Findings showed a significant main effect of time for the CMJ (d = 0.78), the SLJ (d = 0.91), 25-m front crawl test (d = 2.5), and the 25-m-KWP (d = 1.38) test. Significant group × time interactions were found for CMJ, SLJ, 25-m front crawl, 50-m front crawl, 25-m KWP, and 25-m WP test (d = 0.29-1.63) in favor of PJTG (d = 1.34-3.50). No significant pre-post changes were found for CG (p > 0.05). Conclusion In sum, PJT is effective in improving muscle power and sport-specific performances in prepubertal swimmers. Therefore, PJT should be included from an early start into the regular training program of swimmers.},
language = {en}
}
@article{HammamiChaabeneKharratetal.2021,
author = {Hammami, Raouf and Chaabene, Helmi and Kharrat, Fatma and Werfelli, Hanen and Duncan, Michael and Rebai, Haithem and Granacher, Urs},
title = {Acute effects of different balance exercise types on selected measures of physical fitness in youth female volleyball players},
series = {BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation},
volume = {13},
journal = {BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation},
publisher = {BioMed Central},
address = {London},
issn = {1758-2555},
doi = {10.1186/s13102-021-00249-5},
pages = {8},
year = {2021},
abstract = {Background Earlier studies have shown that balance training (BT) has the potential to induce performance enhancements in selected components of physical fitness (i.e., balance, muscle strength, power, speed). While there is ample evidence on the long-term effects of BT on components of physical fitness in youth, less is known on the short-term or acute effects of single BT sessions on selected measures of physical fitness. Objective To examine the acute effects of different balance exercise types on balance, change-of-direction (CoD) speed, and jump performance in youth female volleyball players. Methods Eleven female players aged 14 years participated in this study. Three types of balance exercises (i.e., anterior, posterolateral, rotational type) were conducted in randomized order. For each exercise, 3 sets including 5 repetitions were performed. Before and after the performance of the balance exercises, participants were tested for their static balance (center of pressure surface area [CoP SA] and velocity [CoP V]) on foam and firm surfaces, CoD speed (T-Half test), and vertical jump height (countermovement jump [CMJ] height). A 3 (condition: anterior, mediolateral, rotational balance exercise type) × 2 (time: pre, post) analysis of variance was computed with repeated measures on time. Results Findings showed no significant condition × time interactions for all outcome measures (p > 0.05). However, there were small main effects of time for CoP SA on firm and foam surfaces (both d = 0.38; all p < 0.05) with no effect for CoP V on both surface conditions (p > 0.05). For CoD speed, findings showed a large main effect of time (d = 0.91; p < 0.001). However, for CMJ height, no main effect of time was observed (p > 0.05). Conclusions Overall, our results indicated small-to-large changes in balance and CoD speed performances but not in CMJ height in youth female volleyball players, regardless of the balance exercise type. Accordingly, it is recommended to regularly integrate balance exercises before the performance of sport-specific training to optimize performance development in youth female volleyball players.},
language = {en}
}
@article{BrahmsHortobagyiKressigetal.2021,
author = {Brahms, Clemens Markus and Hortob{\´a}gyi, Tibor and Kressig, Reto W. and Granacher, Urs},
title = {The Interaction between mobility status and exercise specificity in older adults},
series = {Exercise and sport sciences reviews},
volume = {49},
journal = {Exercise and sport sciences reviews},
number = {1},
publisher = {Lippincott Williams \& Wilkins},
address = {Hagerstown, Md.},
issn = {0091-6331},
doi = {10.1249/JES.0000000000000237},
pages = {15 -- 22},
year = {2021},
abstract = {Many adults older than 60 yr experience mobility limitations. Although physical exercise improves older adults' mobility, differences in baseline mobility produce large variations in individual responses to interventions, and these responses could further vary by the type and dose of exercise. Here, we propose an exercise prescription model for older adults based on their current mobility status.},
language = {en}
}
@article{HelmPrieskeMuehlbaueretal.2018,
author = {Helm, Norman and Prieske, Olaf and M{\"u}hlbauer, Thomas and Kr{\"u}ger, Tom and Granacher, Urs},
title = {Effects of judo-specific resistance training on kinetic and electromyographic parameters of pulling exercises in judo athletes},
series = {Sportverletzung, Sportschaden : Grundlagen, Pr{\"a}vention, Rehabilitation},
volume = {32},
journal = {Sportverletzung, Sportschaden : Grundlagen, Pr{\"a}vention, Rehabilitation},
number = {2},
publisher = {Thieme},
address = {Stuttgart},
issn = {0932-0555},
doi = {10.1055/s-0043-122781},
pages = {134 -- 142},
year = {2018},
abstract = {Background In judo, rapid force production during pulling movements is an important component of athletic performance, which is why this capacity needs to be specifically exercised in judo. This study aimed at examining the effects of a judo-specific resistance training program using a judo ergometer system (PTJ) versus a traditional resistance training regime using a partner (PTP) on kinetics and muscle activity of judo-specific pulling exercises. Method Twenty-four male judo athletes (age: 22 +/- 4 years, training experience: 15 +/- 3 years) were randomly assigned to two groups. In a crossover design, the first group completed a 4-week PTJ followed by four weeks of PTP (each with three sessions per week). The second group conducted PTP prior to PTJ. PTJ and PTP were completed in addition to regular training. Before, 4 weeks and 8 weeks after training, tests were conducted to assess judo-specific pulling kinetics (i.e. maximal force, rate of force development [RFD], mechanical work) and electromyographic (EMG) shoulder/trunk muscle activity (i.e. biceps brachii muscle, deltoid muscle, trapezius muscle, erector spinae muscle) during pulling movements using a judo ergometer as well as unspecific strength tests (i.e. bench-pull, pull-ups). Results The statistical analysis revealed that in both groups ergometer pulling kinetics (p<.05, 0.83 <= d <= 1.77) and EMG activity (p<.05; 1.07 <= d <= 2.25) were significantly enhanced following 8 weeks of training. In addition, significantly larger gains in RFD, mechanical work, and EMG activity (i.e. deltoid muscle, erector spinae muscle, trapezius muscle) were found following PTJ compared to PTP (p<.05, 1.25 <= d <= 2.79). No significant enhancements were observed with the unspecific strength tests. Conclusion Our findings indicate that PTJ is superior to PTP regarding training-induced improvements in force production and muscle activity during judo-specific pulling exercises. Performance enhancements may partly be attributed to neural adaptations. No transfer effects on unspecific strength tests were detected following PTJ and PTP.},
language = {de}
}
@article{JafarnezhadgeroGhorbanlooFatollahietal.2021,
author = {Jafarnezhadgero, AmirAli and Ghorbanloo, Farshad and Fatollahi, Amir and Dionisio, Valdeci Carlos and Granacher, Urs},
title = {Effects of an elastic resistance band exercise program on kinetics and muscle activities during walking in young adults with genu valgus},
series = {Clinical biomechanics : a journal affiliated to the International Society of Biomechanics and the American Society of Biomechanics},
volume = {81},
journal = {Clinical biomechanics : a journal affiliated to the International Society of Biomechanics and the American Society of Biomechanics},
publisher = {Elsevier Science},
address = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
issn = {0268-0033},
doi = {10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2020.105215},
pages = {10},
year = {2021},
abstract = {Background: This double-blinded randomized-controlled-trial aimed to identify the effects of an elastic band resistance training on walking kinetics and muscle activities in young adults with genu valgus. Methods: Forty-two male young adults aged 22.5(2.7) years with genu valgus were randomly allocated to two experimental groups. The intervention group (n = 21) conducted a 14-weeks elastic band resistance training. The control group was passive during the intervention period and received the same treatment after the post-tests. Pre and post training, ground reaction forces and lower limb muscle activities were recorded during walking. Findings: Results revealed significant group-by-time interactions for peak medial ground reaction force and timeto-peak for posterior ground reaction force in favor of the intervention group (p < 0.012; d = 0.83-3.76). Resistance training with elastic bands resulted in significantly larger peak medial ground reaction force (p < 0.001; d = 1.45) and longer time-to-peak for posterior ground reaction force (p < 0.001; d = 1.85). Finding showed significant group-by-time interactions for peak positive free moment amplitudes in favor of the intervention group (p < 0.001; d = 1.18-2.02). Resistance training resulted in a lower peak positive free moment amplitude (p = 0.001; d = 1.46). With regards to muscle activities, the analysis revealed significant group-by time interactions for rectus femoris and gluteus medius activities during the push-off phase in favor of the intervention group (p < 0.038; d = 0.68-0.89). Resistance training induced higher rectus femoris (p = 0.038; d = 0.84) and gluteus medius (p = 0.007; d = 0.54) activities. Interpretation: This study proved the effectiveness of resistance training using elastic bands on kinetics and muscle activities during walking in male adults with genu valgus disorder. Given that this training regime is low cost, effective, and easy-to-administer, we suggest that it should be implemented as a rehabilitative or preventive means for young adults with genu valgus.},
language = {en}
}
@article{WickKriemlerGranacher2021,
author = {Wick, Kristin and Kriemler, Susi and Granacher, Urs},
title = {Effects of a strength-dominated exercise program on physical fitness and cognitive performance in preschool children},
series = {Journal of strength and conditioning research : the research journal of the NSCA},
volume = {35},
journal = {Journal of strength and conditioning research : the research journal of the NSCA},
number = {4},
publisher = {Lippincott Williams \& Wilkins},
address = {Philadelphia},
issn = {1064-8011},
doi = {10.1519/JSC.0000000000003942},
pages = {983 -- 990},
year = {2021},
abstract = {Wick, K, Kriemler, S, and Granacher, U. Effects of a strength-dominated exercise program on physical fitness and cognitive performance in preschool children. J Strength Cond Res 35(4): 983-990, 2021-Childhood is characterized by high neuroplasticity that affords qualitative rather than quantitative components of physical activity to maximize the potential to sufficiently develop motor skills and foster long-term engagement in regular physical activity. This study examined the effects of an integrative strength-dominated exercise program on measures of physical fitness and cognitive performance in preschool children. Children aged 4-6 years from 3 kindergartens were randomized into an intervention (INT) group (n = 32) or a control group (n = 22). The 10-week intervention period was conducted 3 times per week (each session lasted 30 minutes) and included exercises for the promotion of muscle strength and power, coordination, and balance. Pre and post training, tests were conducted for the assessment of muscle strength (i.e., handgrip strength), muscle power (i.e., standing long jump), balance (i.e., timed single-leg stand), coordination (hopping on right/left leg), and attentional span (i.e., "Konzentrations-Handlungsverfahren fur Vorschulkinder" [concentration-action procedure for preschoolers]). Results from 2 x 2 repeated-measures analysis of covariance revealed a significant (p <= 0.05) and near significant (p = 0.051) group x time interaction for the standing long jump test and the Konzentrations-Handlungsverfahren. Post hoc tests showed significant pre-post changes for the INT (p < 0.001; d = 1.53) but not the CON (p = 0.72; d = 0.83). Our results indicate that a 10-week strength-dominated exercise program increased jump performance with a concomitant trend toward improvements in attentional capacity of preschool children. Thus, we recommend implementing this type of exercise program for preschoolers.},
language = {en}
}
@article{JafarnezhadgeroFatollahiGranacher2022,
author = {Jafarnezhadgero, Amir Ali and Fatollahi, Amir and Granacher, Urs},
title = {Eight weeks of exercising on sand has positive effects on biomechanics of walking and muscle activities in individuals with pronated feet},
series = {Sports : open access journal},
volume = {10},
journal = {Sports : open access journal},
number = {5},
publisher = {MDPI},
address = {Basel},
issn = {2075-4663},
doi = {10.3390/sports10050070},
pages = {16},
year = {2022},
abstract = {This study aimed to investigate the effects of eight weeks of barefoot running exercise on sand versus control on measures of walking kinetics and muscle activities in individuals with diagnosed pronated feet. Sixty physically active male adults with pronated feet were randomly allocated into an intervention or a waiting control group. The intervention group conducted an 8-weeks progressive barefoot running exercise program on sand (e.g., short sprints) with three weekly sessions. Pre and post intervention, participants walked at a constant speed of 1.3 m/s +/- 5\% on a 18 m walkway with a force plate embedded in the middle of the walkway. Results showed significant group-by-time interactions for peak impact vertical and lateral ground reaction forces. Training but not control resulted in significantly lower peak impact vertical and lateral ground reaction forces. Significant group-by-time interactions were observed for vastus lateralis activity during the loading phase. Training-induced increases were found for the vastus lateralis in the intervention but not in the control group. This study revealed that the applied exercise program is a suitable means to absorb ground reaction forces (e.g., lower impact vertical and lateral peaks) and increase activities of selected lower limb muscles (e.g., vastus lateralis) when walking on stable ground.},
language = {en}
}
@article{SaalChaabeneHelmetal.2022,
author = {Saal, Christian and Chaabene, Helmi and Helm, Norman and Warnke, Torsten and Prieske, Olaf},
title = {Network analysis of associations between anthropometry, physical fitness, and sport-specific performance in young canoe sprint athletes},
series = {Frontiers in sports and active living},
volume = {4},
journal = {Frontiers in sports and active living},
publisher = {Frontiers Media},
address = {Lausanne},
issn = {2624-9367},
doi = {10.3389/fspor.2022.1038350},
pages = {13},
year = {2022},
abstract = {Introduction Anthropometric and physical fitness data can predict sport-specific performance (e.g., canoe sprint race time) in young athletes. Of note, inter-item correlations (i.e., multicollinearity) may exist between tests assessing similar physical qualities. However, multicollinearity among tests may change across age and/or sex due to age-/sex-specific non-linear development of test performances. Therefore, the present study aimed at analyzing inter-item correlations between anthropometric, physical fitness, and sport-specific performance data as a function of age and sex in young canoe sprint athletes. Methods Anthropometric, physical fitness, and sport-specific performance data of 618 male and 297 female young canoe sprint athletes (discipline: male/female kayak, male canoe) were recorded during a national talent identification program between 1992 and 2019. For each discipline, a correlation matrix (i.e., network analysis) was calculated for age category (U13, U14, U15, U16) and sex including anthropometrics (e.g., standing body height, body mass), physical fitness (e.g., cardiorespiratory endurance, muscle power), and sport-specific performance (i.e., 250 and 2,000-m on-water canoe sprint time). Network plots were used to explore the correlation patterns by visual inspection. Further, trimmed means (mu(trimmed)) of inter-item Pearson's correlations coefficients were calculated for each discipline, age category, and sex. Effects of age and sex were analyzed using one-way ANOVAs. Results Visual inspection revealed consistent associations among anthropometric measures across age categories, irrespective of sex. Further, associations between physical fitness and sport-specific performance were lower with increasing age, particularly in males. In this sense, statistically significant differences for mu(trimmed) were observed in male canoeists (p < 0.01, xi = 0.36) and male kayakers (p < 0.01, xi = 0.38) with lower mu(trimmed) in older compared with younger athletes (i.e., >= U15). For female kayakers, no statistically significant effect of age on mu(trimmed) was observed (p = 0.34, xi = 0.14). Discussion Our study revealed that inter-item correlation patterns (i.e., multicollinearity) of anthropometric, physical fitness, and sport-specific performance measures were lower in older (U15, U16) versus younger (U13, U14) male canoe sprint athletes but not in females. Thus, age and sex should be considered to identify predictors for sport-specific performance and design effective testing batteries for talent identification programs in canoe sprint athletes.},
language = {en}
}
@misc{WickLeegerAschmannMonnetal.2017,
author = {Wick, Kristin and Leeger-Aschmann, Claudia S. and Monn, Nico D. and Radtke, Thomas and Ott, Laura V. and Rebholz, Cornelia E. and Cruz, Sergio and Gerber, Natalie and Schmutz, Einat A. and Puder, Jardena J. and Munsch, Simone and Kakebeeke, Tanja H. and Jenni, Oskar G. and Granacher, Urs and Kriemler, Susi},
title = {Interventions to promote fundamental movement skills in childcare and kindergarten},
series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
number = {702},
issn = {1866-8364},
doi = {10.25932/publishup-43546},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-435463},
pages = {26},
year = {2017},
abstract = {Background Proficiency in fundamental movement skills (FMS) lays the foundation for being physically active and developing more complex motor skills. Improving these motor skills may provide enhanced opportunities for the development of a variety of perceptual, social, and cognitive skills. Objective The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the effects of FMS interventions on actual FMS, targeting typically developing young children. Method Searches in seven databases (CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science) up to August 2015 were completed. Trials with children (aged 2-6 years) in childcare or kindergarten settings that applied FMS-enhancing intervention programs of at least 4 weeks and meeting the inclusion criteria were included. Standardized data extraction forms were used. Risk of bias was assessed using a standard scoring scheme (Effective Public Health Practice Project-Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies [EPHPP]). We calculated effects on overall FMS, object control and locomotor subscales (OCS and LMS) by weighted standardized mean differences (SMDbetween) using random-effects models. Certainty in training effects was evaluated using GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation System). Results Thirty trials (15 randomized controlled trials and 15 controlled trials) involving 6126 preschoolers (aged 3.3-5.5 years) revealed significant differences among groups in favor of the intervention group (INT) with small-to-large effects on overall FMS (SMDbetween 0.46), OCS (SMDbetween 1.36), and LMS (SMDbetween 0.94). Our certainty in the treatment estimates based on GRADE is very low. Conclusions Although there is relevant effectiveness of programs to improve FMS proficiency in healthy young children, they need to be interpreted with care as they are based on low-quality evidence and immediate post-intervention effects without long-term follow-up.},
language = {en}
}
@misc{ElAshkerChaabeneNegraetal.2018,
author = {El-Ashker, Said and Chaabene, Helmi and Negra, Yassine and Prieske, Olaf and Granacher, Urs},
title = {Cardio-Respiratory endurance responses following a simulated 3 x 3 minutes amateur boxing contest in elite level boxers},
series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
number = {675},
issn = {1866-8364},
doi = {10.25932/publishup-47233},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-472338},
pages = {10},
year = {2018},
abstract = {This study aimed at examining physiological responses (i.e., oxygen uptake [VO2] and heart rate [HR]) to a semi-contact 3 x 3-min format, amateur boxing combat simulation in elite level male boxers. Eleven boxers aged 21.4 +/- 2.1 years (body height 173.4 +/- 3.7, body mass 74.9 +/- 8.6 kg, body fat 12.1 +/- 1.9, training experience 5.7 +/- 1.3 years) volunteered to participate in this study. They performed a maximal graded aerobic test on a motor-driven treadmill to determine maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max), oxygen uptake (VO2AT) and heart rate (HRAT) at the anaerobic threshold, and maximal heart rate (HRmax). Additionally, VO2 and peak HR (HRpeak) were recorded following each boxing round. Results showed no significant differences between VO2max values derived from the treadmill running test and VO2 outcomes of the simulated boxing contest (p > 0.05, d = 0.02 to 0.39). However, HRmax and HRpeak recorded from the treadmill running test and the simulated amateur boxing contest, respectively, displayed significant differences regardless of the boxing round (p < 0.01, d = 1.60 to 3.00). In terms of VO2 outcomes during the simulated contest, no significant between-round differences were observed (p = 0.19, d = 0.17 to 0.73). Irrespective of the boxing round, the recorded VO2 was >90\% of the VO2max. Likewise, HRpeak observed across the three boxing rounds were >= 90\% of the HRmax. In summary, the simulated 3 x 3-min amateur boxing contest is highly demanding from a physiological standpoint. Thus, coaches are advised to systematically monitor internal training load for instance through rating of perceived exertion to optimize training-related adaptations and to prevent boxers from overreaching and/or overtraining.},
language = {en}
}
@article{ThielePrieskeChaabeneetal.2020,
author = {Thiele, Dirk and Prieske, Olaf and Chaabene, Helmi and Granacher, Urs},
title = {Effects of strength training on physical fitness and sport-specific performance in recreational, sub-elite, and elite rowers},
series = {Journal of sports sciences},
volume = {38},
journal = {Journal of sports sciences},
number = {10},
publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group},
address = {Abingdon},
issn = {0264-0414},
doi = {10.1080/02640414.2020.1745502},
pages = {1186 -- 1195},
year = {2020},
abstract = {The purpose of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to examine the effects of strength training (ST) on selected components of physical fitness (e.g., lower/upper limb maximal strength, muscular endurance, jump performance, cardiorespiratory endurance) and sport-specific performance in rowers. Only studies with an active control group were included if they examined the effects of ST on at least one proxy of physical fitness and/or sport-specific performance in rowers. Weighted and averaged standardized mean differences (SMD) were calculated using random-effects models. Subgroup analyses were computed to identify effects of ST type or expertise level on sport-specific performance. Our analyses revealed significant small effects of ST on lower limb maximal strength (SMD = 0.42, p = 0.05) and on sport-specific performance (SMD = 0.32, p = 0.05). Non-significant effects were found for upper limb maximal strength, upper/lower limb muscular endurance, jump performance, and cardiorespiratory endurance. Subgroup analyses for ST type and expertise level showed non-significant differences between the respective subgroups of rowers (p >= 0.32). Our systematic review with meta-analysis indicated that ST is an effective means for improving lower limb maximal strength and sport-specific performance in rowers. However, ST-induced effects are neither modulated by ST type nor rowers' expertise level.},
language = {en}
}
@article{RamirezCampilloMoranOliveretal.2022,
author = {Ramirez-Campillo, Rodrigo and Moran, Jason and Oliver, Jonathan L. and Pedley, Jason S. and Lloyd, Rhodri S. and Granacher, Urs},
title = {Programming Plyometric-Jump Training in Soccer: A Review},
series = {Sports},
volume = {10},
journal = {Sports},
edition = {6},
publisher = {MDPI},
address = {Basel, Schweiz},
issn = {2075-4663},
doi = {10.3390/sports10060094},
pages = {1 -- 20},
year = {2022},
abstract = {The aim of this review was to describe and summarize the scientific literature on programming parameters related to jump or plyometric training in male and female soccer players of different ages and fitness levels. A literature search was conducted in the electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus using keywords related to the main topic of this study (e.g., "ballistic" and "plyometric"). According to the PICOS framework, the population for the review was restricted to soccer players, involved in jump or plyometric training. Among 7556 identified studies, 90 were eligible for inclusion. Only 12 studies were found for females. Most studies (n = 52) were conducted with youth male players. Moreover, only 35 studies determined the effectiveness of a given jump training programming factor. Based on the limited available research, it seems that a dose of 7 weeks (1-2 sessions per week), with ~80 jumps (specific of combined types) per session, using near-maximal or maximal intensity, with adequate recovery between repetitions (<15 s), sets (≥30 s) and sessions (≥24-48 h), using progressive overload and taper strategies, using appropriate surfaces (e.g., grass), and applied in a well-rested state, when combined with other training methods, would increase the outcome of effective and safe plyometric-jump training interventions aimed at improving soccer players physical fitness. In conclusion, jump training is an effective and easy-to-administer training approach for youth, adult, male and female soccer players. However, optimal programming for plyometric-jump training in soccer is yet to be determined in future research.},
language = {en}
}
@misc{ChaabenePrieskeLesinskietal.2019,
author = {Chaabene, Helmi and Prieske, Olaf and Lesinski, Melanie and Sandau, Ingo and Granacher, Urs},
title = {Short-term seasonal development of anthropometry, body composition, physical fitness, and sport-specific performance in young olympic weightlifters},
series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
number = {685},
issn = {1866-8364},
doi = {10.25932/publishup-47260},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-472609},
pages = {15},
year = {2019},
abstract = {The aim of this study is to monitor short-term seasonal development of young Olympic weightlifters' anthropometry, body composition, physical fitness, and sport-specific performance. Fifteen male weightlifters aged 13.2 ± 1.3 years participated in this study. Tests for the assessment of anthropometry (e.g., body-height, body-mass), body-composition (e.g., lean-body-mass, relative fat-mass), muscle strength (grip-strength), jump performance (drop-jump (DJ) height, countermovement-jump (CMJ) height, DJ contact time, DJ reactive-strength-index (RSI)), dynamic balance (Y-balance-test), and sport-specific performance (i.e., snatch and clean-and-jerk) were conducted at different time-points (i.e., T1 (baseline), T2 (9 weeks), T3 (20 weeks)). Strength tests (i.e., grip strength, clean-and-jerk and snatch) and training volume were normalized to body mass. Results showed small-to-large increases in body-height, body-mass, lean-body-mass, and lower-limbs lean-mass from T1-to-T2 and T2-to-T3 (∆0.7-6.7\%; 0.1 ≤ d ≤ 1.2). For fat-mass, a significant small-sized decrease was found from T1-to-T2 (∆13.1\%; d = 0.4) and a significant increase from T2-to-T3 (∆9.1\%; d = 0.3). A significant main effect of time was observed for DJ contact time (d = 1.3) with a trend toward a significant decrease from T1-to-T2 (∆-15.3\%; d = 0.66; p = 0.06). For RSI, significant small increases from T1-to-T2 (∆9.9\%, d = 0.5) were noted. Additionally, a significant main effect of time was found for snatch (d = 2.7) and clean-and-jerk (d = 3.1) with significant small-to-moderate increases for both tests from T1-to-T2 and T2-to-T3 (∆4.6-11.3\%, d = 0.33 to 0.64). The other tests did not change significantly over time (0.1 ≤ d ≤ 0.8). Results showed significantly higher training volume for sport-specific training during the second period compared with the first period (d = 2.2). Five months of Olympic weightlifting contributed to significant changes in anthropometry, body-composition, and sport-specific performance. However, hardly any significant gains were observed for measures of physical fitness. Coaches are advised to design training programs that target a variety of fitness components to lay an appropriate foundation for later performance as an elite athlete.},
language = {en}
}
@misc{SammoudNegraBouguezzietal.2020,
author = {Sammoud, Senda and Negra, Yassine and Bouguezzi, Raja and Hachana, Younes and Granacher, Urs and Chaabene, Helmi},
title = {The effects of plyometric jump training on jump and sport-specific performances in prepubertal female swimmers},
series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
number = {658},
issn = {1866-8364},
doi = {10.25932/publishup-47827},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-478272},
pages = {9},
year = {2020},
abstract = {Background/objective Dry land-training (e.g., plyometric jump training) can be a useful mean to improve swimming performance. This study examined the effects of an 8-week plyometric jump training (PJT) program on jump and sport-specific performances in prepubertal female swimmers. Methods Twenty-two girls were randomly assigned to either a plyometric jump training group (PJTG; n = 12, age: 10.01 ± 0.57 years, maturity-offset = -1.50 ± 0.50, body mass = 36.39 ± 6.32 kg, body height = 146.90 ± 7.62 cm, body mass index = 16.50 ± 1.73 kg/m2) or an active control (CG; n = 10, age: 10.50 ± 0.28 years, maturity-offset = -1.34 ± 0.51, body mass = 38.41 ± 9.42 kg, body height = 143.60 ± 5.05 cm, body mass index = 18.48 ± 3.77 kg/m2). Pre- and post-training, tests were conducted for the assessment of muscle power (e.g., countermovement-jump [CMJ], standing-long-jump [SLJ]). Sport-specific-performances were tested using the timed 25 and 50-m front crawl with a diving-start, timed 25-m front crawl without push-off from the wall (25-m WP), and a timed 25-m kick without push-off from the wall (25-m KWP). Results Findings showed a significant main effect of time for the CMJ (d = 0.78), the SLJ (d = 0.91), 25-m front crawl test (d = 2.5), and the 25-m-KWP (d = 1.38) test. Significant group × time interactions were found for CMJ, SLJ, 25-m front crawl, 50-m front crawl, 25-m KWP, and 25-m WP test (d = 0.29-1.63) in favor of PJTG (d = 1.34-3.50). No significant pre-post changes were found for CG (p > 0.05). Conclusion In sum, PJT is effective in improving muscle power and sport-specific performances in prepubertal swimmers. Therefore, PJT should be included from an early start into the regular training program of swimmers.},
language = {en}
}
@misc{JebabliGranacherSelmietal.2020,
author = {Jebabli, Nidhal and Granacher, Urs and Selmi, Mohamed Amin and Al-Haddabi, Badriya and Behm, David George and Chaouachi, Anis and Haj Sassi, Radhouane},
title = {Listening to preferred music improved running performance without changing the pacing pattern during a 6 minute run test with young male adults},
series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
number = {696},
issn = {1866-8364},
doi = {10.25932/publishup-47188},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-471884},
pages = {12},
year = {2020},
abstract = {Several studies have investigated the effects of music on both submaximal and maximal exercise performance at a constant work-rate. However, there is a lack of research that has examined the effects of music on the pacing strategy during self-paced exercise. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of preferred music on performance and pacing during a 6 min run test (6-MSPRT) in young male adults. Twenty healthy male participants volunteered for this study. They performed two randomly assigned trials (with or without music) of a 6-MSPRT three days apart. Mean running speed, the adopted pacing strategy, total distance covered (TDC), peak and mean heart rate (HRpeak, HRmean), blood lactate (3 min after the test), and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured. Listening to preferred music during the 6-MSPRT resulted in significant TDC improvement (?10\%; p = 0.016; effect size (ES) = 0.80). A significantly faster mean running speed was observed when listening to music compared with no music. The improvement of TDC in the present study is explained by a significant overall increase in speed (main effect for conditions) during the music trial. Music failed to modify pacing patterns as suggested by the similar reversed "J-shaped" profile during the two conditions. Blood-lactate concentrations were significantly reduced by 9\% (p = 0.006, ES = 1.09) after the 6-MSPRT with music compared to those in the control condition. No statistically significant differences were found between the test conditions for HRpeak, HRmean, and RPE. Therefore, listening to preferred music can have positive effects on exercise performance during the 6-MSPRT, such as greater TDC, faster running speeds, and reduced blood lactate levels but has no effect on the pacing strategy.},
language = {en}
}
@misc{SandauGranacher2020,
author = {Sandau, Ingo and Granacher, Urs},
title = {Effects of the barbell load on the acceleration phase during the snatch in Olympic weightlifting},
series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
number = {681},
issn = {1866-8364},
doi = {10.25932/publishup-47159},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-471599},
pages = {12},
year = {2020},
abstract = {The load-depended loss of vertical barbell velocity at the end of the acceleration phase limits the maximum weight that can be lifted. Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyze how increased barbell loads affect the vertical barbell velocity in the sub-phases of the acceleration phase during the snatch. It was hypothesized that the load-dependent velocity loss at the end of the acceleration phase is primarily associated with a velocity loss during the 1st pull. For this purpose, 14 male elite weightlifters lifted seven load-stages from 70-100\% of their personal best in the snatch. The load-velocity relationship was calculated using linear regression analysis to determine the velocity loss at 1st pull, transition, and 2nd pull. A group mean data contrast analysis revealed the highest load-dependent velocity loss for the 1st pull (t = 1.85, p = 0.044, g = 0.49 [-0.05, 1.04]) which confirmed our study hypothesis. In contrast to the group mean data, the individual athlete showed a unique response to increased loads during the acceleration sub-phases of the snatch. With the proposed method, individualized training recommendations on exercise selection and loading schemes can be derived to specifically improve the sub-phases of the snatch acceleration phase. Furthermore, the results highlight the importance of single-subject assessment when working with elite athletes in Olympic weightlifting.},
language = {en}
}
@article{SandauGranacher2020,
author = {Sandau, Ingo and Granacher, Urs},
title = {Effects of the barbell load on the acceleration phase during the snatch in elite Olympic weightlifting},
series = {Sports},
volume = {8},
journal = {Sports},
number = {5},
publisher = {MDPI},
address = {Basel},
issn = {2075-4663},
doi = {10.3390/sports8050059},
pages = {10},
year = {2020},
abstract = {The load-depended loss of vertical barbell velocity at the end of the acceleration phase limits the maximum weight that can be lifted. Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyze how increased barbell loads affect the vertical barbell velocity in the sub-phases of the acceleration phase during the snatch. It was hypothesized that the load-dependent velocity loss at the end of the acceleration phase is primarily associated with a velocity loss during the 1st pull. For this purpose, 14 male elite weightlifters lifted seven load-stages from 70-100\% of their personal best in the snatch. The load-velocity relationship was calculated using linear regression analysis to determine the velocity loss at 1st pull, transition, and 2nd pull. A group mean data contrast analysis revealed the highest load-dependent velocity loss for the 1st pull (t = 1.85, p = 0.044, g = 0.49 [-0.05, 1.04]) which confirmed our study hypothesis. In contrast to the group mean data, the individual athlete showed a unique response to increased loads during the acceleration sub-phases of the snatch. With the proposed method, individualized training recommendations on exercise selection and loading schemes can be derived to specifically improve the sub-phases of the snatch acceleration phase. Furthermore, the results highlight the importance of single-subject assessment when working with elite athletes in Olympic weightlifting.},
language = {en}
}
@misc{GranacherHortobagyi2015,
author = {Granacher, Urs and Hortob{\´a}gyi, Tibor},
title = {Exercise to improve mobility in healthy aging},
series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe},
journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe},
number = {897},
issn = {1866-8372},
doi = {10.25932/publishup-43241},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432419},
pages = {4},
year = {2015},
language = {en}
}
@misc{PavillonTournyBenAbderrahmanetal.2020,
author = {Pavillon, Thomas and Tourny, Claire and Ben Abderrahman, Abderraouf and Salhi, Iyed and Zouita, Sghaeir and Rouissi, Mehdi and Hackney, Anthony C. and Granacher, Urs and Zouhal, Hassane},
title = {Sprint and jump performances in highly trained young soccer players of different chronological age},
series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
number = {697},
issn = {1866-8364},
doi = {10.25932/publishup-49055},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-490557},
pages = {12},
year = {2020},
abstract = {Objective The aim of this study was to examine the effects of two different sprint-training regimes on sprint and jump performances according to age in elite young male soccer players over the course of one soccer season. Methods Players were randomly assigned to two training groups. Group 1 performed systematic change-of-direction sprints (CODST, U19 [n = 9], U17 [n = 9], U15 [n = 10]) while group 2 conducted systematic linear sprints (LST, U19 [n = 9], U17 [n = 9], U15 [n = 9]). Training volumes were similar between groups (40 sprints per week x 30 weeks = 1200 sprints per season). Pre and post training, all players performed tests for the assessment of linear and slalom sprint speed (5-m and 10-m), countermovement jump, and maximal aerobic speed performance. Results For all physical fitness measures, the baseline-adjusted means data (ANCOVA) across the age groups showed no significant differences between LST and CODST at post (0.061 < p < 0.995; 0.0017 < d < 1.01). The analyses of baseline-adjusted means for all physical fitness measures for U15, U17, and U19 (LST vs. CODST) revealed no significant differences between LST and CODST for U15 (0.213 < p < 0.917; 0.001 < d < 0.087), U17 (0.132 < p < 0.976; 0.001 < d < 0.310), and U19 (0.300 < p < 0.999; 0.001 < d < 0.049) at post. Conclusions The results from this study showed that both, LST and CODST induced significant changes in the sprint, lower limbs power, and aerobic performances in young elite soccer players. Since no significant differences were observed between LST and CODST, the observed changes are most likely due to training and/or maturation. Therefore, more research is needed to elucidate whether CODST, LST or a combination of both is beneficial for youth soccer athletes' performance development.},
language = {en}
}
@misc{HammamiChaabeneKharratetal.,
author = {Hammami, Raouf and Chaabene, Helmi and Kharrat, Fatma and Werfelli, Hanen and Duncan, Michael and Rebai, Haithem and Granacher, Urs},
title = {Acute effects of different balance exercise types on selected measures of physical fitness in youth female volleyball players},
series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
number = {713},
issn = {1866-8364},
doi = {10.25932/publishup-51747},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-517477},
pages = {10},
abstract = {Background Earlier studies have shown that balance training (BT) has the potential to induce performance enhancements in selected components of physical fitness (i.e., balance, muscle strength, power, speed). While there is ample evidence on the long-term effects of BT on components of physical fitness in youth, less is known on the short-term or acute effects of single BT sessions on selected measures of physical fitness. Objective To examine the acute effects of different balance exercise types on balance, change-of-direction (CoD) speed, and jump performance in youth female volleyball players. Methods Eleven female players aged 14 years participated in this study. Three types of balance exercises (i.e., anterior, posterolateral, rotational type) were conducted in randomized order. For each exercise, 3 sets including 5 repetitions were performed. Before and after the performance of the balance exercises, participants were tested for their static balance (center of pressure surface area [CoP SA] and velocity [CoP V]) on foam and firm surfaces, CoD speed (T-Half test), and vertical jump height (countermovement jump [CMJ] height). A 3 (condition: anterior, mediolateral, rotational balance exercise type) × 2 (time: pre, post) analysis of variance was computed with repeated measures on time. Results Findings showed no significant condition × time interactions for all outcome measures (p > 0.05). However, there were small main effects of time for CoP SA on firm and foam surfaces (both d = 0.38; all p < 0.05) with no effect for CoP V on both surface conditions (p > 0.05). For CoD speed, findings showed a large main effect of time (d = 0.91; p < 0.001). However, for CMJ height, no main effect of time was observed (p > 0.05). Conclusions Overall, our results indicated small-to-large changes in balance and CoD speed performances but not in CMJ height in youth female volleyball players, regardless of the balance exercise type. Accordingly, it is recommended to regularly integrate balance exercises before the performance of sport-specific training to optimize performance development in youth female volleyball players.},
language = {en}
}
@article{HortobagyiDeakFarkasetal.2021,
author = {Hortobagyi, Tibor and Deak, Dorina and Farkas, Dora and Blenyesi, Eszter and Torok, Katalin and Granacher, Urs and Tollar, Jozsef},
title = {Effects of exercise dose and detraining duration on mobility at late midlife},
series = {Gerontology},
volume = {67},
journal = {Gerontology},
number = {4},
publisher = {Karger},
address = {Basel},
issn = {0304-324X},
doi = {10.1159/000513505},
pages = {403 -- 414},
year = {2021},
abstract = {Background: Office workers near retirement tend to be sedentary and can be prone to mobility limitations and diseases. We examined the dose effects of exergaming volume and duration of detraining on motor and cognitive function in office workers at late midlife to reduce sedentariness and mobility limitations. Methods: In an assessor-blinded randomized trial, 160 workers aged 55-65 years performed physically active video games in a nonimmersive form of virtual reality (exergaming) in small, supervised groups for 1 h, 1x, 2x, or 3x/week for 8 weeks followed by detraining for 8 and 16 weeks. Exergaming comprises high-intensity, full-body sensorimotor coordination, balance, endurance, and strengthening exercises. The primary outcome was the 6-minute walk test (6MWT), and secondary outcomes were body mass, self-reported physical activity, sleep quality, Berg Balance Scale, Short Physical Performance Battery, fast gait speed, dynamic balance, heart rate recovery after step test, and 6 cognitive tests. Results: The 3 groups were not different in any of the outcomes at baseline (all p > 0.05). The outcomes were stable and had acceptable reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients >= 0.334) over an 8-week control period. Training produced an inverted U-shaped dose response of no (1x), most (2x), and medium (3x/week) effects of exergaming volume in most motor and selected cognitive outcomes. The distance walked in the 6MWT (primary outcome) increased most (94 m, 19\%, p < 0.05), medium (57 m, 12\%, p < 0.05), and least (4 m, 1\%) after exergaming 2x, 3x, or 0x (control) (all different p < 0.05). The highest responders tended to retain the exercise effects over 8 weeks of detraining, independent of training volume. This maintenance effect was less consistent after 16 weeks of detraining. Conclusion: Less was more during training and lasted longer after detraining. A medium dose volume of exergaming produced the largest clinically meaningful improvements in mobility and selected cognitive tests in 60-year-old office workers with mild mobility limitations and intact cognition.},
language = {en}
}
@article{PavillonTournyBenAbderrahmanetal.2020,
author = {Pavillon, Thomas and Tourny, Claire and Ben Abderrahman, Abderraouf and Salhi, Iyed and Zouita, Sghaeir and Rouissi, Mehdi and Hackney, Anthony C. and Granacher, Urs and Zouhal, Hassane},
title = {Sprint and jump performances in highly trained young soccer players of different chronological age},
series = {Journal of Exercise Science \& Fitness},
volume = {19},
journal = {Journal of Exercise Science \& Fitness},
number = {2},
publisher = {Elsevier},
address = {Singapore},
issn = {1728-869x},
doi = {10.1016/j.jesf.2020.10.003},
pages = {81 -- 90},
year = {2020},
abstract = {Objective The aim of this study was to examine the effects of two different sprint-training regimes on sprint and jump performances according to age in elite young male soccer players over the course of one soccer season. Methods Players were randomly assigned to two training groups. Group 1 performed systematic change-of-direction sprints (CODST, U19 [n = 9], U17 [n = 9], U15 [n = 10]) while group 2 conducted systematic linear sprints (LST, U19 [n = 9], U17 [n = 9], U15 [n = 9]). Training volumes were similar between groups (40 sprints per week x 30 weeks = 1200 sprints per season). Pre and post training, all players performed tests for the assessment of linear and slalom sprint speed (5-m and 10-m), countermovement jump, and maximal aerobic speed performance. Results For all physical fitness measures, the baseline-adjusted means data (ANCOVA) across the age groups showed no significant differences between LST and CODST at post (0.061 < p < 0.995; 0.0017 < d < 1.01). The analyses of baseline-adjusted means for all physical fitness measures for U15, U17, and U19 (LST vs. CODST) revealed no significant differences between LST and CODST for U15 (0.213 < p < 0.917; 0.001 < d < 0.087), U17 (0.132 < p < 0.976; 0.001 < d < 0.310), and U19 (0.300 < p < 0.999; 0.001 < d < 0.049) at post. Conclusions The results from this study showed that both, LST and CODST induced significant changes in the sprint, lower limbs power, and aerobic performances in young elite soccer players. Since no significant differences were observed between LST and CODST, the observed changes are most likely due to training and/or maturation. Therefore, more research is needed to elucidate whether CODST, LST or a combination of both is beneficial for youth soccer athletes' performance development.},
language = {en}
}
@article{LesinskiPrieskeChaabeneetal.2021,
author = {Lesinski, Melanie and Prieske, Olaf and Chaabene, Helmi and Granacher, Urs},
title = {Seasonal effects of strength endurance vs. power training in young female soccer athletes},
series = {Journal of strength and conditioning research : the research journal of the NSCA},
volume = {35},
journal = {Journal of strength and conditioning research : the research journal of the NSCA},
number = {Supplement 12},
publisher = {Lippincott Williams \& Wilkins},
address = {Philadelphia},
issn = {1064-8011},
doi = {10.1519/JSC.0000000000003564},
pages = {S90 -- S96},
year = {2021},
abstract = {Lesinski, M, Prieske, O, Chaabene, H, and Granacher, U. Seasonal effects of strength endurance vs. power training in young female soccer athletes. J Strength Cond Res 35(12S): S90-S96, 2021-This study examined the seasonal effects of strength endurance training (SET) vs. power training (PT) on physical fitness and body composition in young female soccer players. Thirty-six young female elite soccer players (15 +/- 1 years; maturity offset +3 +/- 1 years) were allocated to progressive SET (n = 19) or PT (n = 17). Over the course of one soccer season, SET performed slow movement velocity, moderate intensity (50-60\% of the 1 repetition maximum [1RM]; 20-40 repetitions) strength exercises while PT performed moderate-to-high intensity (50-95\% of the 1RM; 3-8 repetitions), high movement velocity strength exercises (2 sessions center dot wk(-1)). Before and after training, tests were performed for the assessment of muscle strength (1RM leg press), jump performance (countermovement jump [CMJ], drop jump [DJ]), muscular endurance (ventral Bourban test), linear speed (10 m, 20 m), change-of-direction (CoD) speed (T-test), dynamic balance (Y-balance test), sport-specific performance (kicking velocity), and body composition (lean body mass and fat mass). An analysis of covariance was used to test for between-group differences at post-test with baseline values as covariate. No significant between-group differences were observed in terms of total training volume over the respective soccer seasons (p = 0.069; d = 0.68). At post-test, SET showed significantly better ventral Bourban and T-test performances (d = 1.28-2.28; p = 0.000-0.001) compared with PT. However, PT resulted in significantly better 1RM leg press, DJ, 10-m, and 20-m sprint performances (d = 0.85-1.44; p = 0.000-0.026). No significant between-group differences were observed at post-test for CMJ, Y-balance test, kicking performance, and body composition (d = 0.20-0.74, p = 0.051-0.594). Our findings are mainly in accordance with the principle of training specificity. Both SET and PT are recommended to be implemented in young female elite soccer players according to the respective training period.},
language = {en}
}
@article{JafarnezhadgeroAnvariGranacher2020,
author = {Jafarnezhadgero, Amir Ali and Anvari, Maryam and Granacher, Urs},
title = {Long-term effects of shoe mileage on ground reaction forces and lower limb muscle activities during walking in individuals with genu varus},
series = {Clinical biomechanics},
volume = {73},
journal = {Clinical biomechanics},
publisher = {Elsevier},
address = {Oxford},
issn = {0268-0033},
doi = {10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2020.01.006},
pages = {55 -- 62},
year = {2020},
abstract = {Background: Shoe mileage is an important factor that may influence the risk of sustaining injuries during walking. The aims of this study were to examine the effects of shoe mileage on ground reaction forces and activity of lower limb muscles during walking in genu varus individuals compared with controls. Methods: Fifteen healthy and 15 genu varus females received a new pair of running shoes. They were asked to wear these shoes over 6 months. Pre and post intervention, mechanical shoe testing was conducted and ground reaction forces and muscle activities of the right leg were recorded during walking at preferred gait speed. Findings: Significant group-by-time interactions were found for shoe stiffness, antero-posterior and vertical impact peak. We observed higher shoe stiffness and lower impact peaks after intervention in both groups with larger effect sizes in genu varus. Significant group-by-time interactions were identified for vastus medialis (loading phase) and rectus femoris (loading and push-off). For vastus medialis, significant decreases were found from pre-to-post during the loading phase in the control group. Rectus femoris activity was higher post intervention during the loading and push-off phases in both groups with larger effect sizes in genu varus. Interpretation: Our findings indicate that the observed changes in ground reaction forces are more prominent in genu varus individuals. Together with our findings on shoe stiffness, it seems appropriate to change running shoes after an intense wearing time of 6 months, particularly in genu varus individuals.},
language = {en}
}
@article{DaviesDruryRamirezCampilloetal.2021,
author = {Davies, Michael J. and Drury, Benjamin and Ramirez-Campillo, Rodrigo and Chaabene, Helmi and Moran, Jason},
title = {Effect of plyometric training and biological maturation on jump and change of direction ability in female youth},
series = {Journal of strength and conditioning research : the research journal of the NSCA / National Strength \& Conditioning Association},
volume = {35},
journal = {Journal of strength and conditioning research : the research journal of the NSCA / National Strength \& Conditioning Association},
number = {10},
publisher = {Lippincott Williams \& Wilkins},
address = {Philadelphia},
issn = {1064-8011},
doi = {10.1519/JSC.0000000000003216},
pages = {2690 -- 2697},
year = {2021},
abstract = {Biological maturation has been shown to affect male youths' responses to plyometric training (PT). However, to date, no researcher has examined the effect of maturation on the effects of PT in female youth. We undertook the first controlled intervention study to examine this, focusing on adaptive responses to countermovement jump (CMJ), reactive strength index (RSI), and change of direction (COD) performance in groups of female youth divided by maturation status (years from peak height velocity [PHV]). The training program lasted 7 weeks with subjects undertaking 2 sessions of PT per week. In the mid-PHV group, there was a small increase (effect size; 90\% confidence interval = 0.40; -0.23 to 1.03) in CMJ performance. No changes were observed in the post-PHV group (0.02; -0.68 to 0.72). For RSI, there was a moderate increase in the mid-PHV group (0.94; 0.29-1.59) with only a trivial increase in the post-PHV group (0.06; -0.65 to 0.76). The intervention exerted no positive effect on COD performance in any group. Plyometric training seems to enhance CMJ and RSI in female youth, although the magnitude of adaptation could be affected by maturation status. A twice-per-week program of multidirectional jumping and hopping, with bilateral and unilateral components, can be used as a preparatory precursor to physical education classes or recreational sport.},
language = {en}
}
@article{PuschmannLinWippert2021,
author = {Puschmann, Anne-Katrin and Lin, Chiao-I and Wippert, Pia-Maria},
title = {Sustainability of a motor control exercise intervention},
series = {Frontiers in sports and active living},
volume = {3},
journal = {Frontiers in sports and active living},
publisher = {Frontiers Media},
address = {Lausanne, Schweiz},
issn = {2624-9367},
doi = {10.3389/fspor.2021.659982},
pages = {1 -- 8},
year = {2021},
abstract = {Development of chronic pain after a low back pain episode is associated with increased pain sensitivity, altered pain processing mechanisms and the influence of psychosocial factors. Although there is some evidence that multimodal therapy (such as behavioral or motor control therapy) may be an important therapeutic strategy, its long-term effect on pain reduction and psychosocial load is still unclear. Prospective longitudinal designs providing information about the extent of such possible long-term effects are missing. This study aims to investigate the long-term effects of a homebased uni- and multidisciplinary motor control exercise program on low back pain intensity, disability and psychosocial variables. 14 months after completion of a multicenter study comparing uni- and multidisciplinary exercise interventions, a sample of one study center (n = 154) was assessed once more. Participants filled in questionnaires regarding their low back pain symptoms (characteristic pain intensity and related disability), stress and vital exhaustion (short version of the Maastricht Vital Exhaustion Questionnaire), anxiety and depression experiences (the Hospital and Anxiety Depression Scale), and pain-related cognitions (the Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire). Repeated measures mixed ANCOVAs were calculated to determine the long-term effects of the interventions on characteristic pain intensity and disability as well as on the psychosocial variables. Fifty four percent of the sub-sample responded to the questionnaires (n = 84). Longitudinal analyses revealed a significant long-term effect of the exercise intervention on pain disability. The multidisciplinary group missed statistical significance yet showed a medium sized long-term effect. The groups did not differ in their changes of the psychosocial variables of interest. There was evidence of long-term effects of the interventions on pain-related disability, but there was no effect on the other variables of interest. This may be partially explained by participant's low comorbidities at baseline. Results are important regarding costless homebased alternatives for back pain patients and prevention tasks. Furthermore, this study closes the gap of missing long-term effect analysis in this field.},
language = {en}
}
@misc{AppiahDwomohMuellerHadzicetal.2017,
author = {Appiah-Dwomoh, Edem Korkor and M{\"u}ller, Steffen and Hadzic, Miralem and Mayer, Frank},
title = {Star Excursion Balance Test in young athletes with back pain},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-400441},
pages = {11},
year = {2017},
abstract = {The Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) is effective in measuring dynamic postural control (DPC). This research aimed to determine whether DPC measured by the SEBT in young athletes (YA) with back pain (BP) is different from those without BP (NBP). 53 BP YA and 53 NBP YA matched for age, height, weight, training years, training sessions/week and training minutes/session were studied. Participants performed 4 practice trials after which 3 measurements in the anterior, posteromedial and posterolateral SEBT reach directions were recorded. Normalized reach distance was analyzed using the mean of all 3 measurements. There was no statistical significant difference (p > 0.05) between the reach distance of BP (87.2 ± 5.3, 82.4 ± 8.2, 78.7 ± 8.1) and NBP (87.8 ± 5.6, 82.4 ± 8.0, 80.0 ± 8.8) in the anterior, posteromedial and posterolateral directions respectively. DPC in YA with BP, as assessed by the SEBT, was not different from NBP YA.},
language = {en}
}
@misc{DeSouzaSilveiraCarlsohnLangenetal.2016,
author = {De Souza Silveira, Raul and Carlsohn, Anja and Langen, Georg and Mayer, Frank and Scharhag-Rosenberger, Friederike},
title = {Reliability and day-to-day variability of peak fat oxidation during treadmill ergometry},
series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
number = {423},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-407334},
pages = {7},
year = {2016},
abstract = {Background: Exercising at intensities where fat oxidation rates are high has been shown to induce metabolic benefits in recreational and health-oriented sportsmen. The exercise intensity (Fat peak ) eliciting peak fat oxidation rates is therefore of particular interest when aiming to prescribe exercise for the purpose of fat oxidation and related metabolic effects. Although running and walking are feasible and popular among the target population, no reliable protocols are available to assess Fat peak as well as its actual velocity (V PFO ) during treadmill ergometry. Our purpose was therefore, to assess the reliability and day-to-day variability of V PFO and Fat peak during treadmill ergometry running. Methods: Sixteen recreational athletes (f = 7, m = 9; 25 ± 3 y; 1.76 ± 0.09 m; 68.3 ± 13.7 kg; 23.1 ± 2.9 kg/m 2 ) performed 2 different running protocols on 3 different days with standardized nutrition the day before testing. At day 1, peak oxygen uptake (VO 2peak ) and the velocities at the aerobic threshold (V LT ) and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) of 1.00 (V RER ) were assessed. At days 2 and 3, subjects ran an identical submaximal incremental test (Fat-peak test) composed of a 10 min warm-up (70 \% V LT ) followed by 5 stages of 6 min with equal increments (stage 1 = V LT , stage 5 = V RER ). Breath-by-breath gas exchange data was measured continuously and used to determine fat oxidation rates. A third order polynomial function was used to identify V PFO and subsequently Fat peak . The reproducibility and variability of variables was verified with an int raclass correlation coef ficient (ICC), Pearson ' s correlation coefficient, coefficient of variation (CV) an d the mean differences (bias) ± 95 \% limits of agreement (LoA). Results: ICC, Pearson ' s correlation and CV for V PFO and Fat peak were 0.98, 0.97, 5.0 \%; and 0.90, 0.81, 7.0 \%, respectively. Bias ± 95 \% LoA was - 0.3 ± 0.9 km/h for V PFO and - 2±8\%ofVO 2peak for Fat peak. Conclusion: In summary, relative and absolute reliability indicators for V PFO and Fat peak were found to be excellent. The observed LoA may now serve as a basis for future training prescriptions, although fat oxidation rates at prolonged exercise bouts at this intensity still need to be investigated.},
language = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Mueller2008,
author = {M{\"u}ller, Steffen},
title = {Die belastungsspezifische neuromuskul{\"a}re Antwort bei Athleten mit Tendinopathie der Achilles- oder Patellarsehne : Analysen der funktionalen und therapeutischen Effekte eines sensomotorischen Trainings},
publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
address = {Potsdam},
isbn = {978-3-940793-18-8},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-16454},
school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
pages = {II, 137},
year = {2008},
abstract = {Tendinopathien der Achilles- oder Patellarsehne sind h{\"a}ufig in Sportarten mit zahlreichen repetitiven Belastungen im Dehnungs-Verk{\"u}rzungs-Zyklus der unteren Extremit{\"a}t zu finden. Sowohl eine m{\"o}glicherweise alterierte belastungsspezifische neuromuskul{\"a}re Antwort (NMA), als auch funktional begr{\"u}ndete Therapiemaßnahmen mit m{\"o}glichen positiven Effekten sind aktuell ungekl{\"a}rt. Ziel der Arbeit war deshalb die Untersuchung der belastungsspezifischen neuromuskul{\"a}ren Antwort bei Athleten mit Tendinopathie der Achilles- oder Patellarsehne im Vergleich zu beschwerdefreien Athleten. Zus{\"a}tzlich sollten m{\"o}gliche funktionale und therapeutische Effekte eines sensomotorischen Trainings im randomisierten, kontrollierten und prospektiven Studiendesign {\"u}berpr{\"u}ft werden. 51 Sportler mit unilateraler Tendinopathie (Achilles-/Patellarsehne n = 35/16) und 33 gesunde Sportler wurden zur Beurteilung der belastungsspezifischen neuromuskul{\"a}ren Antwort eingeschlossen. Zur Kl{\"a}rung der Effekte eines sensomotorischen Trainings im L{\"a}ngsschnitt konnten 26 Sportler mit Tendinopathie randomisiert zu einer Kontrollgruppe (n = 14) und einer Therapiegruppe mit sensomotorischem Training (n = 12) zugeordnet werden. Nach einer ersten biomechanischen Messung M1 (Belastungssituationen: Lauf-, Stabilisations-, Kraftbelastung) und der Erhebung der subjektiven Schmerzsymptomatik folgte eine 8-w{\"o}chige Therapiephase mit einer abschließenden Re-Test-Messung M2 identisch zu M1. Das sensomotorische Training war auf die gesamte untere Extremit{\"a}t ausgerichtet und wurde nach Einweisung regelm{\"a}ßig kontrolliert. Die Erfassung der NMA erfolgte {\"u}ber die Quantifizierung der muskul{\"a}ren Aktivit{\"a}t (EMG). Zus{\"a}tzlich wurde die Kinetik (z.B. Maximalkraft) belastungsspezifisch erfasst. Eine reduzierte NMA konnte f{\"u}r die Sportler mit Tendinopathie {\"u}ber ver{\"a}nderte EMG-Zeit- und Amplitudenmessgr{\"o}ßen, eine reduzierte aktive Stabilisationsf{\"a}higkeit und Maximalkraft (p < 0,05) nachgewiesen werden. In Abh{\"a}ngigkeit der Lokalisation (Achilles-/Patellarsehen) bzw. der Seite (Beschwerdeseite/gesunde Seite) ergaben sich keine relevanten Differenzen. Das sensomotorische Training zeigte eine Optimierung der NMA (z.B. erh{\"o}hte Maximalkraft) bei Tendinopathie der Achilles- oder Patellarsehne. Die {\"U}berpr{\"u}fung der Beschwerdesymptomatik wies in allen Schmerz-Scores nach der Therapie reduzierte Werte und damit einen positiven therapeutischen Effekt gegen{\"u}ber der Kontrollgruppe auf. Zusammenfassend kann eine systematisch reduzierte NMA bei Lauf-, Stabilisations- und Kraftbelastung der Sportler mit Tendinopathie nachgewiesen werden. Das sensomotorische Training ist funktional und therapeutisch als effiziente Therapiemaßnahme zu erachten.},
language = {de}
}
@misc{AppiahDwomohCarlsohnMayer2018,
author = {Appiah-Dwomoh, Edem Korkor and Carlsohn, Anja and Mayer, Frank},
title = {Assessment of Dietary Intake of Long-Distance Race Car Drivers},
series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
number = {482},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-419997},
pages = {7},
year = {2018},
abstract = {Long-distance race car drivers are classified as athletes. The sport is physically and mentally demanding, requiring long hours of practice. Therefore, optimal dietary intake is essential for health and performance of the athlete. The aim of the study was to evaluate dietary intake and to compare the data with dietary recommendations for athletes and for the general adult population according to the German Nutrition Society (DGE). A 24-h dietary recall during a competition preparation phase was obtained from 16 male race car drivers (28.3 ± 6.1 years, body mass index (BMI) of 22.9 ± 2.3 kg/m2). The mean intake of energy, nutrients, water and alcohol was recorded. The mean energy, vitamin B2, vitamin E, folate, fiber, calcium, water and alcohol intake were 2124 ± 814 kcal/day, 1.3 ± 0.5 mg/day, 12.5 ± 9.5 mg/day, 231.0 ± 90.9 ug/day, 21.4 ± 9.4 g/day, 1104 ± 764 mg/day, 3309 ± 1522 mL/day and 0.8 ± 2.5 mL/day respectively. Our study indicated that many of the nutrients studied, including energy and carbohydrate, were below the recommended dietary intake for both athletes and the DGE.},
language = {en}
}
@article{HagoortVuillermeHortobagyietal.2022,
author = {Hagoort, Iris and Vuillerme, Nicolas and Hortob{\´a}gyi, Tibor and Lamoth, Claudine J. C.},
title = {Outcome-dependent effects of walking speed and age on quantitative and qualitative gait measures},
series = {Gait \& posture},
volume = {93},
journal = {Gait \& posture},
publisher = {Elsevier},
address = {Clare},
issn = {0966-6362},
doi = {10.1016/j.gaitpost.2022.01.001},
pages = {39 -- 46},
year = {2022},
abstract = {Background: Walking speed predicts many clinical outcomes in old age. However, a comprehensive assessment of how walking speed affects accelerometer based quantitative and qualitative gait measures in younger and older adults is lacking. Research question: What is the relationship between walking speed and quantitative and qualitative gait outcomes in younger and older adults? Methods: Younger (n = 27, age: 21.6) and older participants (n = 27, age: 69.5) completed 340 steps on a treadmill at speeds of 0.70 to a maximum of 1.75 m.s(-1). We used generalized additive mixed models to determine the relationship between walking speed and quantitative (stride length, stride time, stride frequency and their variability) and qualitative (stride regularity, stability, smoothness, symmetry, synchronization, predictability) gait measures extracted from trunk accelerations. Results: The type of relationship between walking speed and the majority of gait measures (quantitative and qualitative) was characterized as logarithmic, with more prominent speed-effects at speeds below 1.20 m.s(-1). Changes in quantitative measures included shorter strides, longer stride times, and a lower stride frequency, with more variability at lower speeds independent of age. For qualitative measures, we found a decrease in gait symmetry, stability and regularity in all directions with decreasing speeds, a decrease in gait predictability (Vertical, V, anterior-posterior, AP) and stronger gait synchronization (AP-mediolateral, ML, AP-V), and direction dependent effects of gait smoothness, which decreased in V direction, but increased in AP and ML directions with decreasing speeds. We found outcome-dependent effects of age on the quantitative and qualitative gait measures, with either no differences between age-groups, age-related differences that existed regardless of speed, and age-related differences in the type of relationship with walking speed. Significance: The relationship between walking speed and quantitative and qualitative gait measures, and the effects of age on this relationship, depends on the type of gait measure studied.},
language = {en}
}
@misc{QuarmbyMoennigMugeleetal.2023,
author = {Quarmby, Andrew James and M{\"o}nnig, Jamal and Mugele, Hendrik and Henschke, Jakob and Kim, MyoungHwee and Cassel, Michael and Engel, Tilman},
title = {Biomechanics and lower limb function are altered in athletes and runners with achilles tendinopathy compared with healthy controls: A systematic review},
series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
journal = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
number = {830},
issn = {1866-8364},
doi = {10.25932/publishup-58760},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-587603},
pages = {20},
year = {2023},
abstract = {Achilles tendinopathy (AT) is a debilitating injury in athletes, especially for those engaged in repetitive stretch-shortening cycle activities. Clinical risk factors are numerous, but it has been suggested that altered biomechanics might be associated with AT. No systematic review has been conducted investigating these biomechanical alterations in specifically athletic populations. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to compare the lower-limb biomechanics of athletes with AT to athletically matched asymptomatic controls. Databases were searched for relevant studies investigating biomechanics during gait activities and other motor tasks such as hopping, isolated strength tasks, and reflex responses. Inclusion criteria for studies were an AT diagnosis in at least one group, cross-sectional or prospective data, at least one outcome comparing biomechanical data between an AT and healthy group, and athletic populations. Studies were excluded if patients had Achilles tendon rupture/surgery, participants reported injuries other than AT, and when only within-subject data was available.. Effect sizes (Cohen's d) with 95\% confidence intervals were calculated for relevant outcomes. The initial search yielded 4,442 studies. After screening, twenty studies (775 total participants) were synthesised, reporting on a wide range of biomechanical outcomes. Females were under-represented and patients in the AT group were three years older on average. Biomechanical alterations were identified in some studies during running, hopping, jumping, strength tasks and reflex activity. Equally, several biomechanical variables studied were not associated with AT in included studies, indicating a conflicting picture. Kinematics in AT patients appeared to be altered in the lower limb, potentially indicating a pattern of "medial collapse". Muscular activity of the calf and hips was different between groups, whereby AT patients exhibited greater calf electromyographic amplitudes despite lower plantar flexor strength. Overall, dynamic maximal strength of the plantar flexors, and isometric strength of the hips might be reduced in the AT group. This systematic review reports on several biomechanical alterations in athletes with AT. With further research, these factors could potentially form treatment targets for clinicians, although clinical approaches should take other contributing health factors into account. The studies included were of low quality, and currently no solid conclusions can be drawn.},
language = {en}
}
@article{QuarmbyMoennigMugeleetal.2023,
author = {Quarmby, Andrew James and M{\"o}nnig, Jamal and Mugele, Hendrik and Henschke, Jakob and Kim, MyoungHwee and Cassel, Michael and Engel, Tilman},
title = {Biomechanics and lower limb function are altered in athletes and runners with achilles tendinopathy compared with healthy controls: A systematic review},
series = {Frontiers in Sports and Active Living},
journal = {Frontiers in Sports and Active Living},
publisher = {Frontiers},
address = {Lausanne, Schweiz},
issn = {2624-9367},
doi = {10.3389/fspor.2022.1012471},
pages = {20},
year = {2023},
abstract = {Achilles tendinopathy (AT) is a debilitating injury in athletes, especially for those engaged in repetitive stretch-shortening cycle activities. Clinical risk factors are numerous, but it has been suggested that altered biomechanics might be associated with AT. No systematic review has been conducted investigating these biomechanical alterations in specifically athletic populations. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to compare the lower-limb biomechanics of athletes with AT to athletically matched asymptomatic controls. Databases were searched for relevant studies investigating biomechanics during gait activities and other motor tasks such as hopping, isolated strength tasks, and reflex responses. Inclusion criteria for studies were an AT diagnosis in at least one group, cross-sectional or prospective data, at least one outcome comparing biomechanical data between an AT and healthy group, and athletic populations. Studies were excluded if patients had Achilles tendon rupture/surgery, participants reported injuries other than AT, and when only within-subject data was available.. Effect sizes (Cohen's d) with 95\% confidence intervals were calculated for relevant outcomes. The initial search yielded 4,442 studies. After screening, twenty studies (775 total participants) were synthesised, reporting on a wide range of biomechanical outcomes. Females were under-represented and patients in the AT group were three years older on average. Biomechanical alterations were identified in some studies during running, hopping, jumping, strength tasks and reflex activity. Equally, several biomechanical variables studied were not associated with AT in included studies, indicating a conflicting picture. Kinematics in AT patients appeared to be altered in the lower limb, potentially indicating a pattern of "medial collapse". Muscular activity of the calf and hips was different between groups, whereby AT patients exhibited greater calf electromyographic amplitudes despite lower plantar flexor strength. Overall, dynamic maximal strength of the plantar flexors, and isometric strength of the hips might be reduced in the AT group. This systematic review reports on several biomechanical alterations in athletes with AT. With further research, these factors could potentially form treatment targets for clinicians, although clinical approaches should take other contributing health factors into account. The studies included were of low quality, and currently no solid conclusions can be drawn.},
language = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Chan2006,
author = {Chan, Yuan-Shuo},
title = {Zum Zusammenhang zwischen posturaler Balance und kognitiven bzw. somatischen Faktoren},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10237},
school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
year = {2006},
abstract = {Balance ist als die koordinative F{\"a}higkeit anzusehen, die am meisten durch das Sinnes- und Nervensystem determiniert ist. Damit k{\"o}nnte sie als Indikator f{\"u}r Funktionseinschr{\"a}nkungen des Nervensystems - etwa bei Lernst{\"o}rungen - von Wert sein. Aussagen {\"u}ber Zusammenh{\"a}nge zwischen Balance und Kognition werden vielfach diskutiert, sind jedoch noch nicht hinreichend wissenschaftlich gesichert. Hieraus wird die zentrale Zielstellung der Arbeit abgeleitet, das Wissen {\"u}ber somatische und psychische Determinanten von Balance zu erweitern. Betrachtet werden daher bei Vorschulkindern m{\"o}gliche Zusammenh{\"a}nge mit dem Geschlecht, mit den anthropometrischen Parametern K{\"o}rperh{\"o}he und Fußgr{\"o}ße, mit Statikst{\"o}rungen des Beckens und der Intelligenzleistung. An der Studie nahmen insgesamt 201 drei- bzw. vierj{\"a}hrige Kinder sowie 148 f{\"u}nf- bzw. sechsj{\"a}hrige Kinder teil. Die Balancef{\"a}higkeit wurde mit Hilfe einer Kraftmomentenplattform sowie eines klinischen Tests erfasst und mit anthropometrischen Parametern, qualitativen statischen Befunden bzw. den Ergebnissen des BIVA-Intelligenztests nach SCHAARSCHMIDT verglichen. F{\"u}r die Auswertung der Balanceparameter wurden sowohl lineare als auch nichtlineare Verfahren eingesetzt, die zum Teil gegenl{\"a}ufige Trends in Bezug auf Zusammenh{\"a}nge lieferten. Im Ergebnis konnte ein starker Einfluss des Geschlechts nachgewiesen werden. M{\"a}dchen zeigten eine bessere Balanceleistung als Jungen sowohl bei 3-J{\"a}hrigen als auch bei 6-J{\"a}hrigen. Dies wird als Beleg f{\"u}r den geschlechtsspezifischen Vorsprung der sensomotorischen Entwicklung bei den M{\"a}dchen im Alter von 3 bis 6 Jahren angesehen. Außerdem gab es einige Hinweise auf einen Zusammenhang mit der K{\"o}rperh{\"o}he bzw. Fußl{\"a}nge. Ein Zusammenhang mit den Umstellungen des ersten Gestaltwandels wird vermutet. Die Daten sprechen f{\"u}r einen statistisch schwachen Einfluss von St{\"o}rungen der Beckenstatik (Beckenverwringung) auf die Balance bei den Kindern. Es wird vermutet, dass die Verrechnung Balance relevanter Inputs durch nozizeptive Impulse beeintr{\"a}chtig werden kann. Dies k{\"o}nnte Anlass sein, diesen Aspekt bei Funktionsst{\"o}rungen mit zu ber{\"u}cksichtigen. Signifikante Zusammenh{\"a}nge mit Ergebnissen des BIVA-Intelligenztests konnten kaum gefunden werden. Allerdings fallen {\"u}berzuf{\"a}llig viele Mittelwertvergleiche in Richtung der Hypothese aus, erreichen jedoch nicht Signifikanzniveau. Dies k{\"o}nnte ein Hinweis auf einen schwachen Zusammenhang darstellen, der jedoch mit einer gr{\"o}ßeren Gruppe noch best{\"a}tigt werden m{\"u}sste. Weitere Forschung auf diesem Gebiet ist erforderlich. Sollte hinreichende Evidenz erreicht werden k{\"o}nnen, so k{\"o}nnte in der F{\"o}rderung koordinativer F{\"a}higkeiten und insbesondere der posturalen Balance eine wichtige p{\"a}dagogische Reserve liegen.},
subject = {Sensomotorik},
language = {de}
}
@article{BehrensGubeChaabeneetal.2022,
author = {Behrens, Martin and Gube, Martin and Chaabene, Helmi and Prieske, Olaf and Zenon, Alexandre and Broscheid, Kim-Charline and Schega, Lutz and Husmann, Florian and Weippert, Matthias},
title = {Fatigue and human performance},
series = {Sports medicine : an international journal of applied medicine and science in sport and exercise},
volume = {53},
journal = {Sports medicine : an international journal of applied medicine and science in sport and exercise},
number = {1},
publisher = {Springer},
address = {Heidelberg},
issn = {0112-1642},
doi = {10.1007/s40279-022-01748-2},
pages = {7 -- 31},
year = {2022},
abstract = {Fatigue has been defined differently in the literature depending on the field of research. The inconsistent use of the term fatigue complicated scientific communication, thereby limiting progress towards a more in-depth understanding of the phenomenon. Therefore, Enoka and Duchateau (Med Sci Sports Exerc 48:2228-38, 2016, [3]) proposed a fatigue framework that distinguishes between trait fatigue (i.e., fatigue experienced by an individual over a longer period of time) and motor or cognitive task-induced state fatigue (i.e., self-reported disabling symptom derived from the two interdependent attributes performance fatigability and perceived fatigability). Thereby, performance fatigability describes a decrease in an objective performance measure, while perceived fatigability refers to the sensations that regulate the integrity of the performer. Although this framework served as a good starting point to unravel the psychophysiology of fatigue, several important aspects were not included and the interdependence of the mechanisms driving performance fatigability and perceived fatigability were not comprehensively discussed. Therefore, the present narrative review aimed to (1) update the fatigue framework suggested by Enoka and Duchateau (Med Sci Sports Exerc 48:2228-38, 2016, [3]) pertaining the taxonomy (i.e., cognitive performance fatigue and perceived cognitive fatigue were added) and important determinants that were not considered previously (e.g., effort perception, affective valence, self-regulation), (2) discuss the mechanisms underlying performance fatigue and perceived fatigue in response to motor and cognitive tasks as well as their interdependence, and (3) provide recommendations for future research on these interactions. We propose to define motor or cognitive task-induced state fatigue as a psychophysiological condition characterized by a decrease in motor or cognitive performance (i.e., motor or cognitive performance fatigue, respectively) and/or an increased perception of fatigue (i.e., perceived motor or cognitive fatigue). These dimensions are interdependent, hinge on different determinants, and depend on body homeostasis (e.g., wakefulness, core temperature) as well as several modulating factors (e.g., age, sex, diseases, characteristics of the motor or cognitive task). Consequently, there is no single factor primarily determining performance fatigue and perceived fatigue in response to motor or cognitive tasks. Instead, the relative weight of each determinant and their interaction are modulated by several factors.},
language = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Stamm2007,
author = {Stamm, Raini},
title = {Significance of the anthropometric factor in young female volleyballers´ physical abilities, technical skills, psychophysiological properties and performance in the game},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-13005},
school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
year = {2007},
abstract = {Aim The aim of the present study was to examine young female volleyballers' body build, physical abilities, technical skills and psychophysiological properties in relation to their performance at competitions. The sample consisted of 46 female volleyballers aged 13-16 years. 49 basic anthropometric measurements were measured and 65 proportions and body composition characteristics were calculated. 9 physical ability tests, 9 volleyball technical skills tests and 21 psychophysiological tests were carried out. The game performance was recorded by the computer program Game. The program enabled to fix the performance of technical elements in case of each player. The computer program Game calculated the index of proficiency in case of each girl for each element. The first control group consisted of 74 female volleyballers aged 13-15 years with whom reduced anthropometry was provided and 28 games were recorded. The second control group consisted of 586 ordinary schoolgirls aged 13-16 years with whom full anthropometry was provided. Results In order to systematize all anthropometric characteristics, we first studied the essence of the anthropometric structure of the body as a whole. It turned out to be a characteristic system where all variables are in significant correlation between one another and where the leading characteristics are height and weight. Therefore we based the classification on the mean height and weight of the whole sample. We formed a 5 class SD classification. There are three classes of concordance between height and weight: small height - small weight, medium height - medium height, big height - big weight. The other two classes were classes of disconcordance between height and weight- pycnomorphs and leptomorphs. We managed to show that gradual increase in height and weight brought about statistically significant increase in length, breadth and depth measurements, circumferences, bone thicknesses and skinfolds. There were also systematic changes in indeces and body composition characteristics. Pycnomorphs and leptomorphs also showed differences specific to their body types in body measurements and body composition. The results of all tests were submitted to basic statistical analysis and all correlations were found between all the tests (volleyball technical skills, psychophysiological abilities, physical abilities), and all basic anthropometric variables (n = 49) and all proportions and body composition characteristics (n = 65). All anthropometric measurements and test results were correlated with the index of proficiency for all elements of the game. The best linear regression models were calculated for predicting proficiency in different elements of the game. We can see that body build and all kind of tests took part in predicting the proficiency of the game. The most essential for performing attack, block and feint were anthropometric and psychophysiological models. The studied complex of body build characteristics and tests results determine the players' proficiency at competitions, are an important tool for testing the player's individual development, enable to choose volleyballers from among schoolgirls and represent the whole body constitutional model of a young female volleyballer. Outlook Our outlook for the future is to continue recording of all Estonian championship games with the computer program Game, to continue the players' anthropometric measuring and psychophysiological testing at competitions and to compile a national register for assessment of development of individual players and teams.},
language = {en}
}
@article{ChaabeneNegraMoranetal.2021,
author = {Chaabene, Helmi and Negra, Yassine and Moran, Jason and Prieske, Olaf and Sammoud, Senda and Ramirez-Campillo, Rodrigo and Granacher, Urs},
title = {Plyometric training improves not only measures of linear speed, power, and change-of-direction speed but also repeated sprint ability in young female handball players},
series = {Journal of strength and conditioning research : the research journal of the NSCA},
volume = {35},
journal = {Journal of strength and conditioning research : the research journal of the NSCA},
number = {8},
publisher = {Lippincott Williams \& Wilkins},
address = {Philadelphia},
issn = {1064-8011},
doi = {10.1519/JSC.0000000000003128},
pages = {2230 -- 2235},
year = {2021},
abstract = {This study examined the effects of an 8-week plyometric training (PT) program on components of physical fitness in young female handball players. Twenty-one female adolescent handball players were assigned to an experimental group (EG, n = 12; age = 15.9 +/- 0.2 years) or an active control group (CG, n = 9, age = 15.9 +/- 0.3 years). While EG performed plyometric exercises in replacement of some handball-specific drills, CG maintained the regular training schedule. Baseline and follow-up tests were performed for the assessment of linear speed (i.e., 5-, 10-, and 20-m time), change-of-direction (CoD) speed (i.e., T-test time), muscle power (i.e., countermovement jump [CMJ] height and reactive strength index [RSI]), and repeated sprint ability (RSA) (RSA total time [RSA(total)], RSA best time [RSA(best)], and RSA fatigue index [RSA(FI)]). Data were analyzed using magnitude-based inferences. Within-group analyses for the EG revealed moderate-to-large improvements for the 5-m (effect size [ES] = 0.81 [0.1-1.5]), 10-m sprint time (ES = 0.84 [0.1-1.5]), RSI (ES = 0.75 [0.1-1.4]), RSA(FI) (ES = 0.65 [0.0-1.3]), and T-test time (ES = 1.46 [0.7-2.2]). Trivial-to-small ES was observed for RSA(best) (ES = 0.18 [-0.5 to 0.9]), RSA(total) (ES = 0.45 [-0.2 to 1.1]), 20-m sprint time (ES = 0.56 [-0.1 to 1.2]), and CMJ height (ES = 0.57 [-0.1 to 1.3]). For the CG, within-group analyses showed a moderate performance decline for T-test time (ES = -0.71 [-1.5 to 0.1]), small decreases for 5-m sprint time (ES = -0.46 [-1.2 to 0.3]), and a trivial decline for 10-m (ES = -0.10 [-0.9 to 0.7]) and 20-m sprint times (ES = -0.16 [-0.9 to 0.6]), RSA(total) (ES = 0.0 [-0.8 to 0.8]), and RSA(best) (ES = -0.20 [-0.9 to 0.6]). The control group achieved trivial-to-small improvements for CMJ height (ES = 0.10 [-0.68 to 0.87]) and RSI (ES = 0.30 [-0.5 to 1.1]). In conclusion, a short-term in-season PT program, in replacement of handball-specific drills, is effective in improving measures of physical fitness (i.e., linear/CoD speed, jumping, and RSA) in young female handball players.},
language = {en}
}
@article{QuarmbyKhajooeiEngeletal.2019,
author = {Quarmby, Andrew James and Khajooei, Mina and Engel, Tilman and Kaplick, Hannes and Mayer, Frank},
title = {The feasibility of a split-belt instrumented treadmill running protocol with perturbations},
series = {Journal of biomechanics},
volume = {98},
journal = {Journal of biomechanics},
publisher = {Elsevier},
address = {Oxford},
issn = {0021-9290},
doi = {10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.109493},
pages = {5},
year = {2019},
abstract = {Unexpected perturbations during locomotion can occur during daily life or sports performance. Adequate compensation for such perturbations is crucial in maintaining effective postural control. Studies utilising instrumented treadmills have previously validated perturbed walking protocols, however responses to perturbed running protocols remain less investigated. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of a new instrumented treadmill-perturbed running protocol.
Fifteen participants (age = 2 8 +/- 3 years; height = 172 +/- 9 cm; weight = 69 +/- 10 kg; 60\% female) completed an 8-minute running protocol at baseline velocity of 2.5 m/s (9 km/h), whilst 15 one-sided belt perturbations were applied (pre-set perturbation characteristics: 150 ms delay (post-heel contact); 2.0 m/s amplitude; 100 ms duration). Perturbation characteristics and EMG responses were recorded. Bland-Altman analysis (BLA) was employed (bias +/- limits of agreement (LOA; bias +/- 1.96*SD)) and intra-individual variability of repeated perturbations was assessed via Coefficients of Variation (CV) (mean +/- SD).
On average, 9.4 +/- 2.2 of 15 intended perturbations were successful. Perturbation delay was 143 +/- 10 ms, amplitude was 1.7 +/- 0.2 m/s and duration was 69 +/- 10 ms. BLA showed -7 +/- 13 ms for delay, -0.3 +/- 0.1 m/s for amplitude and -30 +/- 10 ms for duration. CV showed variability of 19 +/- 4.5\% for delay, 58 +/- 12\% for amplitude and 30 +/- 7\% for duration. EMG RMS amplitudes of the legs and trunk ranged from 113 +/- 25\% to 332 +/- 305\% when compared to unperturbed gait. This study showed that the application of sudden perturbations during running can be achieved, though with increased variability across individuals. The perturbations with the above characteristics appear to have elicited a neuromuscular response during running.},
language = {en}
}
@article{SchomoellerSchugardtKotschetal.2021,
author = {Schom{\"o}ller, Anne and Schugardt, Monique and Kotsch, Peggy and Mayer, Frank},
title = {The effect of body composition on cycling power during an incremental test in young athletes},
series = {Journal of strength and conditioning research : the research journal of the NSCA / National Strength \& Conditioning Association},
volume = {35},
journal = {Journal of strength and conditioning research : the research journal of the NSCA / National Strength \& Conditioning Association},
number = {11},
publisher = {Lippincott Williams \& Wilkins},
address = {Philadelphia},
issn = {1064-8011},
doi = {10.1519/JSC.0000000000003271},
pages = {3225 -- 3231},
year = {2021},
abstract = {Schomoller, A, Schugardt, M, Kotsch, P, and Mayer, F. The effect of body composition on cycling power during an incremental test in young athletes. J Strength Cond Res 35(11): 3225-3231, 2021-As body composition (BC) is a modifiable factor influencing sports performance, it is of interest for athletes and coaches to optimize BC to fulfill the specific physical demands of one sport discipline. The purpose of this study is to test the impact of body fat (BF) and fat-free mass (FFM) on aerobic performance in young athletes. Body composition parameters were evaluated among gender and age groups of young athletes undergoing their mandatory health examination. The maximal power (in Watts per kilogram body mass) of a stepwise incremental ergometer test was compared between 6 BC types: high BF, high FFM, high BF and high FFM, normal BC values, low BF, and low FFM. With increasing age (11-13 vs. 14-16 years) BF decreased and FFM increased in both genders. Both BC parameters, as well as body mass, correlated moderately with performance output (r = 0.36-0.6). Subjects with high BF or high FFM or both had significantly lower ergometer test results compared with those with low BF and FFM in all age and gender groups (p < 0.05). The finding that high levels of BF and FFM are detrimental for cycle power output is important to consider in disciplines that demand high levels of aerobic and anaerobic performance.},
language = {en}
}
@article{HenschkeZecherMayeretal.2021,
author = {Henschke, Jakob and Zecher, Mahli Megan and Mayer, Frank and Engel, Tilman},
title = {Contralateral repeated bout effect following preconditioning exercises},
series = {Sport sciences for health},
volume = {18},
journal = {Sport sciences for health},
number = {1},
publisher = {Soringer Italia},
address = {Milan},
issn = {1824-7490},
doi = {10.1007/s11332-021-00804-0},
pages = {1 -- 10},
year = {2021},
abstract = {Background Recent studies indicate the existence of a repeated bout effect on the contralateral untrained limb following eccentric and isometric contractions. Aims This review aims to summarize the evidence for magnitude, duration and differences of this effect following isometric and eccentric preconditioning exercises. Methods Medline, Cochrane, and Web of science were searched from January 1971 until September 2020. Randomized controlled trials, case-control studies and cross-sectional studies were identified by combining keywords and synonyms (e.g., "contralateral", "exercise", "preconditioning", "protective effect"). At least two of the following outcome parameters were mandatory for study inclusion: strength, muscle soreness, muscle swelling, limb circumference, inflammatory blood markers or protective index (relative change of aforementioned measures). Results After identifying 1979 articles, 13 studies were included. Most investigations examined elbow flexors and utilized eccentric isokinetic protocols to induce the contralateral repeated bout effect. The magnitude of protection was observed in four studies, smaller values of the contralateral when compared to the ipsilateral repeated bout effect were noted in three studies. The potential mechanism is thought to be of neural central nature since no differences in peripheral muscle activity were observed. Time course was examined in three investigations. One study showed a smaller protective effect following isometric preconditioning when compared to eccentric preconditioning exercises. Conclusions The contralateral repeated bout effect demonstrates a smaller magnitude and lasts shorter than the ipsilateral repeated bout effect. Future research should incorporate long-term controlled trials including larger populations to identify central mechanisms. This knowledge should be used in clinical practice to prepare immobilized limbs prospectively for an incremental load.},
language = {en}
}
@article{AppiahDwomohCarlsohnMayer2018,
author = {Appiah-Dwomoh, Edem Korkor and Carlsohn, Anja and Mayer, Frank},
title = {Assessment of Dietary Intake of Long-Distance Race Car Drivers},
series = {Sports},
volume = {6},
journal = {Sports},
number = {4},
publisher = {MDPI},
address = {Basel},
issn = {2075-4663},
doi = {10.3390/sports6040118},
pages = {1 -- 7},
year = {2018},
abstract = {Long-distance race car drivers are classified as athletes. The sport is physically and mentally demanding, requiring long hours of practice. Therefore, optimal dietary intake is essential for health and performance of the athlete. The aim of the study was to evaluate dietary intake and to compare the data with dietary recommendations for athletes and for the general adult population according to the German Nutrition Society (DGE). A 24-h dietary recall during a competition preparation phase was obtained from 16 male race car drivers (28.3 ± 6.1 years, body mass index (BMI) of 22.9 ± 2.3 kg/m2). The mean intake of energy, nutrients, water and alcohol was recorded. The mean energy, vitamin B2, vitamin E, folate, fiber, calcium, water and alcohol intake were 2124 ± 814 kcal/day, 1.3 ± 0.5 mg/day, 12.5 ± 9.5 mg/day, 231.0 ± 90.9 ug/day, 21.4 ± 9.4 g/day, 1104 ± 764 mg/day, 3309 ± 1522 mL/day and 0.8 ± 2.5 mL/day respectively. Our study indicated that many of the nutrients studied, including energy and carbohydrate, were below the recommended dietary intake for both athletes and the DGE.},
language = {en}
}
@misc{HirschmuellerBaurBraunetal.2017,
author = {Hirschmueller, Anja and Baur, Heiner and Braun, Sepp and Kreuz, Peter C. and Suedkamp, Norbert P and Niemeyer, Philipp},
title = {Rehabilitation after autologous chondrocyte implantation for isolated cartilage defects of the knee},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-403170},
pages = {11},
year = {2017},
abstract = {Autologous chondrocyte implantation for treatment of isolated cartilage defects of the knee has become well established. Although various publications report technical modifications, clinical results, and cell-related issues, little is known about appropriate and optimal rehabilitation after autologous chondrocyte implantation. This article reviews the literature on rehabilitation after autologous chondrocyte implantation and presents a rehabilitation protocol that has been developed considering the best available evidence and has been successfully used for several years in a large number of patients who underwent autologous chondrocyte implantation for cartilage defects of the knee.},
language = {en}
}
@article{HeroldTheobaldGronwaldetal.2022,
author = {Herold, Fabian and Theobald, Paula and Gronwald, Thomas and Rapp, Michael A. and M{\"u}ller, Notger Germar},
title = {Going digital - a commentary on the terminology used at the intersection of physical activity and digital health},
series = {European review of aging and physical activity},
volume = {19},
journal = {European review of aging and physical activity},
publisher = {Springer},
address = {Berlin ; Heidelberg},
issn = {1861-6909},
doi = {10.1186/s11556-022-00296-y},
pages = {7},
year = {2022},
abstract = {In recent years digital technologies have become a major means for providing health-related services and this trend was strongly reinforced by the current Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. As it is well-known that regular physical activity has positive effects on individual physical and mental health and thus is an important prerequisite for healthy aging, digital technologies are also increasingly used to promote unstructured and structured forms of physical activity. However, in the course of this development, several terms (e.g., Digital Health, Electronic Health, Mobile Health, Telehealth, Telemedicine, and Telerehabilitation) have been introduced to refer to the application of digital technologies to provide health-related services such as physical interventions. Unfortunately, the above-mentioned terms are often used in several different ways, but also relatively interchangeably. Given that ambiguous terminology is a major source of difficulty in scientific communication which can impede the progress of theoretical and empirical research, this article aims to make the reader aware of the subtle differences between the relevant terms which are applied at the intersection of physical activity and Digital Health and to provide state-of-art definitions for them.},
language = {en}
}
@article{TeichFuehnerBaehretal.2023,
author = {Teich, Paula and F{\"u}hner, Thea Heidi and Baehr, Florian and Puta, Christian and Granacher, Urs and Kliegl, Reinhold},
title = {Covid pandemic effects on the physical fitness of primary school children},
series = {Sports Medicine - Open},
volume = {9},
journal = {Sports Medicine - Open},
number = {1},
publisher = {Springer},
address = {New York},
issn = {2198-9761},
doi = {10.1186/s40798-023-00624-1},
pages = {19},
year = {2023},
abstract = {BackgroundIn spring of 2020, the Sars-CoV-2 incidence rate increased rapidly in Germany and around the world. Throughout the next 2 years, schools were temporarily closed and social distancing measures were put in place to slow the spread of the Covid-19 virus. Did these social restrictions and temporary school lockdowns affect children's physical fitness? The EMOTIKON project annually tests the physical fitness of all third-graders in the Federal State of Brandenburg, Germany. The tests assess cardiorespiratory endurance (6-min-run test), coordination (star-run test), speed (20-m sprint test), lower (powerLOW, standing long jump test), and upper (powerUP, ball-push test) limbs muscle power, and static balance (one-legged stance test with eyes closed). A total of 125,893 children were tested in the falls from 2016 to 2022. Primary analyses focused on 98,510 keyage third-graders (i.e., school enrollment according to the legal key date, aged 8 to 9 years) from 515 schools. Secondary analyses included 27,383 older-than-keyage third-graders (i.e., OTK, delayed school enrollment or repetition of a grade, aged 9 to 10 years), who have been shown to exhibit lower physical fitness than expected for their age. Linear mixed models fitted pre-pandemic quadratic secular trends, and took into account differences between children and schools.ResultsThird-graders exhibited lower cardiorespiratory endurance, coordination, speed and powerUP in the Covid pandemic cohorts (2020-2022) compared to the pre-pandemic cohorts (2016-2019). Children's powerLOW and static balance were higher in the pandemic cohorts compared to the pre-pandemic cohorts. From 2020 to 2021, coordination, powerLOW and powerUP further declined. Evidence for some post-pandemic physical fitness catch-up was restricted to powerUP. Cohen's |ds| for comparisons of the pandemic cohorts 2020-2022 with pre-pandemic cohorts 2016-2019 ranged from 0.02 for powerLOW to 0.15 for coordination. Within the pandemic cohorts, keyage children exhibited developmental losses ranging from approximately 1 month for speed to 5 months for cardiorespiratory endurance. For powerLOW and static balance, the positive pandemic effects translate to developmental gains of 1 and 7 months, respectively. Pre-pandemic secular trends may account for some of the observed differences between pandemic and pre-pandemic cohorts, especially in powerLOW, powerUP and static balance. The pandemic further increased developmental delays of OTK children in cardiorespiratory endurance, powerUP and balance.ConclusionsThe Covid-19 pandemic was associated with declines in several physical fitness components in German third-graders. Pandemic effects are still visible in 2022. Health-related interventions should specifically target those physical fitness components that were negatively affected by the pandemic (cardiorespiratory endurance, coordination, speed).},
language = {en}
}
@article{JebabliZouhalBoullosaetal.2022,
author = {Jebabli, Nidhal and Zouhal, Hassane and Boullosa, Daniel and Govindasamy, Karuppasamy and Tourny, Claire and Hackney, Anthony C. and Granacher, Urs and Ben Abderrahman, Abderraouf},
title = {The effects of preferred music and its timing on performance, pacing, and psychophysiological responses during the 6-min test},
series = {Journal of human kinetics},
volume = {82},
journal = {Journal of human kinetics},
number = {1},
publisher = {Academy of Physical Education},
address = {Katowice},
issn = {1640-5544},
doi = {10.2478/hukin-2022-0038},
pages = {123 -- 133},
year = {2022},
abstract = {The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of listening to preferred music during a warm up or exercise, on performance during a 6-min all-out exercise test (6-MT) in young adult males. Twenty-five healthy males volunteered to participate in this study. Following a within subject design, participants performed three test conditions (MDT: music during the test; MDW: music during the warm-up; WM: without music) in random order. Outcomes included mean running speed over the 6-min test (MRS6), total distance covered (TDC), heart rate responses (HRpeak, HRmean), blood lactate (3-min after the test), and the rating of perceived exertion (RPE); additionally, feeling scale scores were recorded. Listening to preferred music during running resulted in significant TDC (Delta up arrow 10\%, p=0.006, ES=0.80) and MRS6 (Delta up arrow 14\%, p=0.012, ES=1.02) improvement during the 6-MT, improvement was also noted for the warm-up with music condition (TDC:Delta up arrow 8\%, p=0.028, ES=0.63; MRS6:Delta up arrow 8\%, p=0.032, ES=0.61). A similar reverse "J-shaped" pacing profile was detected during the three conditions. Blood lactate was lower in the MDT condition by 8\% (p=0.01, ES=1.10), but not the MDW condition, compared to MW. In addition, no statistically significant differences were found between the test sessions for the HR, RPE, and feeling scale scores. In conclusion, listening to music during exercise testing would be more beneficial for optimal TDC and MRS6 performances compared to MDW and WM.},
language = {en}
}
@article{SaidiZouhalBoullosaetal.2022,
author = {Saidi, Karim and Zouhal, Hassane and Boullosa, Daniel and Dupont, Gregory and Hackney, Anthony C. and Bideau, Benoit and Granacher, Urs and Ben Abderrahman, Abderraouf},
title = {Biochemical markers and wellness status during a congested match play period in elite soccer players},
series = {International journal of sports physiology and performance : IJSSP},
volume = {17},
journal = {International journal of sports physiology and performance : IJSSP},
number = {4},
publisher = {Human Kinetics Publ.},
address = {Champaign},
issn = {1555-0265},
doi = {10.1123/ijspp.2020-0914},
pages = {605 -- 620},
year = {2022},
abstract = {Objectives: To analyze biochemical markers, wellness status, and physical fitness in elite soccer players in relation to changes in training and match exposure during a congested period of match play. Methods: Fourteen elite soccer players were evaluated 3 times (T1, T2, and T3) over 12 weeks (T1-T2: 6-wk regular period of match play and T2-T3: 6-wk congested period of match play). Players performed vertical jump tests, repeated shuttle sprint ability test, and the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test at T1, T2, and T3. Plasma C-reactive protein, creatinine, and creatine kinase were analyzed at T1, T2, and T3. Wellness status was measured daily using the Hopper questionnaire (delayed onset of muscle soreness, stress, fatigue, and sleep quality). Training session rating of perceived exertion was also recorded on a daily basis. Results: A significant increase was found in stress, fatigue, delayed onset of muscle soreness scores, and Hopper index during the congested period (between T2 and T3) compared with the regular period (between T1 and T2) (.001 < P < .008, 0.8 < ES < 2.3). Between T2 and T3, significant relationships were found between the percentage variations (Delta\%) of C-reactive protein, and Delta\% of creatine kinase with the Hopper Index, and the Delta\% of fatigue score. In addition, the Delta\% of fatigue score and Delta\% of delayed onset of muscle soreness score correlated with Delta\% Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test and Delta\% best of repeated shuttle sprint ability test (.49 < r < P < .01). Conclusions: An intensive period of congested match play significantly compromised elite soccer players' physical fitness and wellness status. Elite soccer players' wellness status reflects declines in physical fitness during this period while biochemical changes do not.},
language = {en}
}
@article{NegraSammoudUthoffetal.2023,
author = {Negra, Yassine and Sammoud, Senda and Uthoff, Aaron and Moran, Jason and Ramirez-Campillo, Rodrigo and Chaabene, Helmi},
title = {The effects of repeated backward running training on measures of physical fitness in youth male soccer players},
series = {Journal of sports sciences},
volume = {40},
journal = {Journal of sports sciences},
number = {24},
publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group},
address = {London},
issn = {0264-0414},
doi = {10.1080/02640414.2023.2184770},
pages = {2688 -- 2696},
year = {2023},
abstract = {This study explored the effects of an 8-week repeated backward running training (RBRT) programme on measures of physical fitness in youth male soccer players. Youth male soccer players were randomly allocated into a RBRT group (n = 20; 13.95 +/- 0.22y) or a control group (CG; n = 16; 14.86 +/- 0.29y). The CG continued normal soccer training, while the RBRT group replaced some soccer drills with RBRT twice per week. Within-group analysis revealed that RBRT improved all performance variables ( increment -9.99\% to 14.50\%; effect size [ES] = -1.79 to 1.29; p <= 0.001). Meanwhile, trivial-to-moderate detrimental effects on sprinting and change of direction (CoD) speed ( increment 1.55\% to 10.40\%; p <= 0.05) were noted in the CG. The number of individuals improving performance above the smallest worthwhile change ranged from 65-100\% across all performance variables in the RBRT group, whereas<50\% in the CG reached that threshold. The between-group analysis indicated that the RBRT group improved performance on all performance tasks more than the CG (ES = -2.23 to 1.10; p <= 0.05). These findings demonstrate that substituting part of a standard soccer training regimen with RBRT can enhance youth soccer players' sprinting, CoD, jumping, and RSA performance.},
language = {en}
}
@article{PrieskeChaabenePutaetal.2019,
author = {Prieske, Olaf and Chaabene, Helmi and Puta, Christian and Behm, David George and B{\"u}sch, Dirk and Granacher, Urs},
title = {Effects of Drop Height on Jump Performance in Male and Female Elite Adolescent Handball Players},
series = {International journal of sports physiology and performance},
volume = {14},
journal = {International journal of sports physiology and performance},
number = {5},
publisher = {Human Kinetics Publ.},
address = {Champaign},
issn = {1555-0265},
doi = {10.1123/ijspp.2018-0482},
pages = {674 -- 680},
year = {2019},
abstract = {Purpose: To examine the effects of drop height on drop-jump (DJ) performance and on associations between DJ and horizontal-jump/sprint performances in adolescent athletes. Methods: Male (n = 119, 2.5 [0.6] y post-peak-height velocity) and female (n = 120, 2.5 [0.5] y post-peak-height velocity) adolescent handball players (national level) performed DJs in randomized order using 3 drop heights (20, 35, and 50 cm). DJ performance (jump height, reactive strength index [RSI]) was analyzed using the Optojump Next system. In addition, correlations were computed between DJ height and RSI with standing-long-jump and 20-m linear-sprint performances. Results: Statistical analyses revealed medium-size main effects of drop height for DJ height and RSI (P <.001, 0.63 <= d <= 0.71). Post hoc tests indicated larger DJ heights from 20 to 35 and 35 to 50 cm (P <=.031, 0.33 <= d <= 0.71) and better RSI from 20- to 35-cm drop height (P <.001, d = 0.77). No significant difference was found for RSI between 35- and 50-cm drop height. Irrespective of drop height, associations of DJ height and RSI were small with 5-m-split time (-.27 <= r <=.05), medium with 10-m-split time (-.44 <= r <=.14), and medium to large with 20-m sprint time and standing-long-jump distance (-.57 <= r <=.22). Conclusions: The present findings indicate that, irrespective of sex, 35-cm drop heights are best suited to induce rapid and powerful DJ performance (ie, RSI) during reactive strength training in elite adolescent handball players. Moreover, training-related gains in DJ performance may at least partly translate to gains in horizontal jump and longer sprint distances (ie, >= 20-m) and/or vice versa in male and female elite adolescent athletes, irrespective of drop height.},
language = {en}
}
@article{BrandFranke2023,
author = {Brand, Johannes and Franke, Vanessa},
title = {Verantwortungseigentum und Profifußball},
series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Sport und Recht},
volume = {30},
journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Sport und Recht},
number = {3},
publisher = {Beck},
address = {M{\"u}nchen},
issn = {0945-3873},
pages = {196 -- 201},
year = {2023},
abstract = {Verantwortungseigentum ist mittlerweile mehr als ein Nischenthema innerhalb der Rechtswissenschaft und unternehmerischen Praxis. Unternehmen werden in Verantwortungseigentum gegr{\"u}ndet oder umgewandelt, also die pers{\"o}nlichen Gewinne der Gesellschafter perpetuiert und die Nachfolge reguliert. Auch der Profifußball stellt sich immer wieder die Frage nach der richtigen Balance zwischen Gewinnstreben und Gemeinwohl. Das wirft Fragen nach alternativen Gestaltungsm{\"o}glichkeiten auf, f{\"u}r die das Verantwortungseigentum eine L{\"o}sung bieten k{\"o}nnte.},
language = {de}
}
@article{LehmannKuhnKelleretal.2022,
author = {Lehmann, Nico and Kuhn, Yves-Alain and Keller, Martin and Aye, Norman and Herold, Fabian and Draganski, Bogdan and Taube, Wolfgang and Taubert, Marco},
title = {Brain activation during active balancing and its behavioral relevance in younger and older adults},
series = {Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience},
volume = {14},
journal = {Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience},
publisher = {Frontiers Media},
address = {Lausanne},
issn = {1663-4365},
doi = {10.3389/fnagi.2022.828474},
pages = {20},
year = {2022},
abstract = {Age-related deterioration of balance control is widely regarded as an important phenomenon influencing quality of life and longevity, such that a more comprehensive understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying this process is warranted. Specifically, previous studies have reported that older adults typically show higher neural activity during balancing as compared to younger counterparts, but the implications of this finding on balance performance remain largely unclear. Using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), differences in the cortical control of balance between healthy younger (n = 27) and older (n = 35) adults were explored. More specifically, the association between cortical functional activity and balance performance across and within age groups was investigated. To this end, we measured hemodynamic responses (i.e., changes in oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin) while participants balanced on an unstable device. As criterion variables for brain-behavior-correlations, we also assessed postural sway while standing on a free-swinging platform and while balancing on wobble boards with different levels of difficulty. We found that older compared to younger participants had higher activity in prefrontal and lower activity in postcentral regions. Subsequent robust regression analyses revealed that lower prefrontal brain activity was related to improved balance performance across age groups, indicating that higher activity of the prefrontal cortex during balancing reflects neural inefficiency. We also present evidence supporting that age serves as a moderator in the relationship between brain activity and balance, i.e., cortical hemodynamics generally appears to be a more important predictor of balance performance in the older than in the younger. Strikingly, we found that age differences in balance performance are mediated by balancing-induced activation of the superior frontal gyrus, thus suggesting that differential activation of this region reflects a mechanism involved in the aging process of the neural control of balance. Our study suggests that differences in functional brain activity between age groups are not a mere by-product of aging, but instead of direct behavioral relevance for balance performance. Potential implications of these findings in terms of early detection of fall-prone individuals and intervention strategies targeting balance and healthy aging are discussed.},
language = {en}
}
@article{KellerNotbohmBlochetal.2022,
author = {Keller, Sebastian and Notbohm, Hannah Lisa and Bloch, Wilhelm and Schumann, Moritz},
title = {Reduced serum concentrations of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species following strenuous exercise in the heat are not associated with an upregulation in serum antioxidative capacity},
series = {Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity},
volume = {14},
journal = {Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity},
number = {4},
publisher = {Gda`nsk Academy; Versita, Warsaw},
address = {Gdansk},
issn = {2080-9999},
doi = {10.29359/BJHPA.14.4.03},
pages = {12},
year = {2022},
abstract = {Introduction: Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) are produced as a response to exercise and play a part in guiding the adaptive response to physical training. Exercise in the heat has been shown to further increase accumulation of RONS in systemic circulation; however, a high antioxidative response or heat acclimatization mechanisms could attenuate this response. In a previous study, we found reduced RONS concentrations in trained athletes following strenuous cycling in the heat. Therefore, this secondary analysis assessed whether these reduced RONS serum concentrations are induced by an increased serum antioxidant capacity. Methods: Twelve male cyclists (V?O2peak: 60 +/- 4 ml center dot kg-1 center dot min-1) completed a 60-minute constant workload trial (55\% peak power output, ambient temperature 30.4 +/- 0.6 degrees C) with and without ice vest in a randomized order. The core body temperature (Tcore) was measured by an ingestible capsule. Blood samples were collected before and after each trial to determine superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and RONS. Due to the absence of between-group differences, data of both conditions were pooled. Results: Tcore statistically increased (p < 0.001) over the experimental trials (+6.0 +/- 1.6\%, effect size (ES) = 5.6). Concentrations of RONS (-17.2 +/- 15.5\%, p < 0.001, ES = 1.0) and TAC (-8.9 +/- 22.9\%, p = 0.04, ES = 0.7) statistically decreased, while the activity of CAT (+15.5 +/- 84.0\%, p = 0.90, ES = 0.04) and SOD (+9.2 +/- 58.7\%, p = 0.98, ES = 0.01) remained unchanged. Conclusions: Reduced serum RONS concentrations after strenuous cycling in the heat were not associated with upregulation of serum antioxidant capacity in trained athletes. The prooxidant-antioxidant balance may rather be regulated at a myocellular level and should be further assessed in future studies.},
language = {en}
}