@misc{ZohselHohmSchmidtetal.2017, author = {Zohsel, Katrin and Hohm, Erika and Schmidt, Martin H. and Brandeis, Daniel and Banaschewski, Tobias and Laucht, Manfred}, title = {Langfristige Folgen fr{\"u}her psychosozialer Risiken}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {609}, issn = {1866-8364}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-43342}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-433424}, pages = {203 -- 209}, year = {2017}, abstract = {In einer prospektiven L{\"a}ngsschnittstudie wurden Auswirkungen fr{\"u}her psychosozialer Risiken bis ins junge Erwachsenenalter untersucht und dabei die Rolle von affektiver und behavioraler Dysregulation im Kindesalter als vermittelndem Faktor {\"u}berpr{\"u}ft. Drei Monate nach der Geburt wurde das Vorliegen von 11 psychosozialen Belastungsfaktoren erfasst. Im Alter von 8 - 15 Jahren wurde dreimal das Child Behavior Checklist-Dysregulationsprofil (CBCL-DP) erhoben. Mit 25 Jahren wurde ein Strukturiertes Klinisches Interview durchgef{\"u}hrt und 309 der Teilnehmer f{\"u}llten den Young Adult Self-Report aus. Fr{\"u}he psychosoziale Risiken gingen mit einem erh{\"o}hten Risiko f{\"u}r das Vorliegen eines Substanzmissbrauchs im jungen Erwachsenenalter sowie mit erh{\"o}htem externalisierendem und internalisierendem Problemverhalten einher. Der Zusammenhang zwischen fr{\"u}hen psychosozialen Risiken und sp{\"a}terem externalisierendem bzw. internalisierendem Problemverhalten wurde durch das CBCL-DP vermittelt.}, language = {de} } @misc{ZohselHohmSchmidtetal.2017, author = {Zohsel, Katrin and Hohm, Erika and Schmidt, Martin H. and Brandeis, Daniel and Banaschewski, Tobias and Laucht, Manfred}, title = {Die langfristigen Auswirkungen von Fr{\"u}hgeburtlichkeit auf kognitive Entwicklung und Schulerfolg}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {701}, issn = {1866-8364}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-43353}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-433536}, pages = {11}, year = {2017}, abstract = {In einer prospektiven L{\"a}ngsschnittstudie wurde der Zusammenhang zwischen fr{\"u}her Responsivit{\"a}t der Mutter und kognitiver Entwicklung ihrer fr{\"u}h- bzw. reifgeborenen Kinder untersucht. Im Alter von drei Monaten wurde daf{\"u}r die Mutter-Kind-Interaktion mittels Verhaltensbeobachtung erfasst. Bei n=351 der teilnehmenden Kinder (101 fr{\"u}hgeboren) wurde die allgemeine Intelligenz (IQ) im Alter von 11 Jahren und bei n=313 (85 fr{\"u}hgeboren) zus{\"a}tzlich der h{\"o}chste erreichte Schulabschluss bis 25 Jahren erhoben. Fr{\"u}hgeborene wiesen mit 11 Jahren einen signifikant niedrigeren IQ als Reifgeborene auf, nachdem f{\"u}r m{\"o}gliche konfundierende Faktoren kontrolliert worden war. Nur bei Fr{\"u}h-, nicht aber bei Reifgeborenen zeigte sich ein signifikanter positiver Zusammenhang zwischen m{\"u}tterlicher Responsivit{\"a}t und IQ. F{\"u}r die Wahrscheinlichkeit einen h{\"o}heren Schulabschluss (mind. Fachabitur) zu erreichen, fand sich weder ein signifikanter Effekt von Fr{\"u}hgeburtlichkeit noch von m{\"u}tterlicher Responsivit{\"a}t.}, language = {de} } @article{Winter2014, author = {Winter, Frank}, title = {Kriminalpr{\"a}vention und Nachhaltigkeit}, series = {Nachhaltige Pr{\"a}vention von Kriminalit{\"a}t, Gewalt und Rechtsextremismus : Beitr{\"a}ge aus Wissenschaft und Praxis}, journal = {Nachhaltige Pr{\"a}vention von Kriminalit{\"a}t, Gewalt und Rechtsextremismus : Beitr{\"a}ge aus Wissenschaft und Praxis}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-71236}, pages = {247 -- 260}, year = {2014}, abstract = {1. Einleitung 2. Resilienzforschung 3. Bedeutsame Merkmale resilienter Kinder 4. Die Familie als sozialer Ort m{\"o}glicher Resilienzf{\"o}rderung 5. Programme zur Resilienzf{\"o}rderung 6. Die M{\"o}glichkeiten von Schule und Jugendhilfe Literatur}, language = {de} } @misc{WestphalVockStubbe2017, author = {Westphal, Andrea and Vock, Miriam and Stubbe, Tobias}, title = {Grade skipping from the perspective of teachers in Germany}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {411}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-405235}, pages = {14}, year = {2017}, abstract = {The present study explored teachers' perspectives on one specific type of acceleration, namely, grade skipping. In addition, we investigated the extent to which teachers' beliefs about students' academic, motivational, and social development after grade skipping may explain teachers' acceptance of this accelerative strategy. Moreover, we examined whether teachers' acceptance is linked to their decisions about using this intervention. Using data from the PARS project, which included 316 teachers from 18 secondary schools in the German federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia, we assessed teachers' acceptance, beliefs, and perceived knowledge about grade skipping using 4-point rating scales. Teachers also reported whether they had advised a student to skip a grade. Multilevel regression analyses indicated that teachers' beliefs about students' social, motivational, and academic development largely explained their acceptance. Teachers who showed a higher level of acceptance and perceived knowledge were more likely to have recommended grade skipping before. Educational implications are discussed.}, language = {en} } @misc{WattendorfFestmanWestermannetal.2012, author = {Wattendorf, Elise and Festman, Julia and Westermann, Birgit and Keil, Ursula and Zappatore, Daniela and Franceschini, Rita and Luedi, Georges and Radue, Ernst-Wilhelm and M{\"u}nte, Thomas F. and Rager, G{\"u}nter and Nitsch, Cordula}, title = {Early bilingualism influences early and subsequently later acquired languages in cortical regions representing control functions}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {384}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-404092}, pages = {19}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Early acquisition of a second language influences the development of language abilities and cognitive functions. In the present study, we used functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) to investigate the impact of early bilingualism on the organization of the cortical language network during sentence production. Two groups of adult multilinguals, proficient in three languages, were tested on a narrative task; early multilinguals acquired the second language before the age of three years, late multilinguals after the age of nine. All participants learned a third language after nine years of age. Comparison of the two groups revealed substantial differences in language-related brain activity for early as well as late acquired languages. Most importantly, early multilinguals preferentially activated a fronto-striatal network in the left hemisphere, whereas the left posterior superior temporal gyrus (pSTG) was activated to a lesser degree than in late multilinguals. The same brain regions were highlighted in previous studies when a non-target language had to be controlled. Hence the engagement of language control in adult early multilinguals appears to be influenced by the specific learning and acquisition conditions during early childhood. Remarkably, our results reveal that the functional control of early and subsequently later acquired languages is similarly affected, suggesting that language experience has a pervasive influence into adulthood. As such, our findings extend the current understanding of control functions in multilinguals.}, language = {en} } @article{VoigtSturzbecher2014, author = {Voigt, Jana and Sturzbecher, Dietmar}, title = {Entwicklung von Gewalt und Rechtsextremismus bei brandenburgische Jugendlichen und Folgerungen f{\"u}r eine nachhaltige Kriminalpr{\"a}vention}, series = {Nachhaltige Pr{\"a}vention von Kriminalit{\"a}t, Gewalt und Rechtsextremismus : Beitr{\"a}ge aus Wissenschaft und Praxis}, journal = {Nachhaltige Pr{\"a}vention von Kriminalit{\"a}t, Gewalt und Rechtsextremismus : Beitr{\"a}ge aus Wissenschaft und Praxis}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-71199}, pages = {161 -- 181}, year = {2014}, abstract = {1. Ausgangslage 2. Gewalt 2.1 Begriffsdefinition 2.2 Aktuelle Trends 2.3 Analysen zu den Ursachen von Gewalt 3. Rechtsextremismus 3.1 Begriffsdefinition 3.2 Aktuelle Trends 3.3 Analysen zu den Ursachen von Rechtsextremismus 4. Ankn{\"u}pfungspunkte f{\"u}r die Kriminalpr{\"a}vention Literatur}, language = {de} } @misc{VietzeJuangSchachner2019, author = {Vietze, Jana and Juang, Linda P. and Schachner, Maja Katharina}, title = {Peer cultural socialisation}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {557}, issn = {1866-8364}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-43343}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-433433}, pages = {579 -- 598}, year = {2019}, abstract = {This study investigated how peers can contribute to cultural minority students' cultural identity, life satisfaction, and school values (school importance, utility, and intrinsic values) by talking about cultural values, beliefs, and behaviours associated with heritage and mainstream culture (peer cultural socialisation). We further distinguished between heritage and mainstream identity as two separate dimensions of cultural identity. Analyses were based on self-reports of 662 students of the first, second, and third migrant generation in Germany (Mean age = 14.75 years, 51\% female). Path analyses revealed that talking about heritage culture with friends was positively related to heritage identity. Talking about mainstream culture with friends was negatively associated with heritage identity, but positively with mainstream identity as well as school values. Both dimensions of cultural identity related to higher life satisfaction and more positive school values. As expected, heritage and mainstream identity mediated the link between peer cultural socialisation and adjustment outcomes. Findings highlight the potential of peers as socialisation agents to help promote cultural belonging as well as positive adjustment of cultural minority youth in the school context.}, language = {en} } @misc{VerissimoHeyerJacobetal.2017, author = {Ver{\´i}ssimo, Joao Marques and Heyer, Vera and Jacob, Gunnar and Clahsen, Harald}, title = {Selective effects of age of acquisition on morphological priming}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {486}, issn = {1866-8364}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-412611}, pages = {13}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Is there an ideal time window for language acquisition after which nativelike representation and processing are unattainable? Although this question has been heavily debated, no consensus has been reached. Here, we present evidence for a sensitive period in language development and show that it is specific to grammar. We conducted a masked priming task with a group of Turkish-German bilinguals and examined age of acquisition (AoA) effects on the processing of complex words. We compared a subtle but meaningful linguistic contrast, that between grammatical inflection and lexical-based derivation. The results showed a highly selective AoA effect on inflectional (but not derivational) priming. In addition, the effect displayed a discontinuity indicative of a sensitive period: Priming from inflected forms was nativelike when acquisition started before the age of 5 but declined with increasing AoA. We conclude that the acquisition of morphological rules expressing morphosyntactic properties is constrained by maturational factors.}, language = {en} } @article{VasishthKentner2015, author = {Vasishth, Shravan and Kentner, Gerrit}, title = {Prosodic focus marking in silent reading}, series = {Frontiers in psychology}, volume = {2016}, journal = {Frontiers in psychology}, number = {7}, editor = {Crocker, Matthew W.}, doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00319}, pages = {1 -- 19}, year = {2015}, abstract = {Understanding a sentence and integrating it into the discourse depends upon the identification of its focus, which, in spoken German, is marked by accentuation. In the case of written language, which lacks explicit cues to accent, readers have to draw on other kinds of information to determine the focus. We study the joint or interactive effects of two kinds of information that have no direct representation in print but have each been shown to be influential in the reader's text comprehension: (i) the (low-level)rhythmic-prosodic structure that is based on the distribution of lexically stressed syllables, and (ii) the (high-level) discourse context that is grounded in the memory of previous linguistic content. Systematically manipulating these factors, we examine the way readers resolve a syntactic ambiguity involving the scopally ambiguous focus operator auch (engl. "too") in both oral (Experiment 1) and silent reading (Experiment 2). The results of both experiments attest that discourse context and local linguistic rhythm conspire to guide the syntactic and, oncomitantly, the focus-structural analysis of ambiguous sentences. We argue that reading comprehension requires the (implicit) assignment of accents according to the focus structure and that, by establishing a prominence profile, the implicit prosodic rhythm directly affects accent assignment.}, language = {en} } @article{Ulbricht2014, author = {Ulbricht, Juliane}, title = {Kompetente Lehrpersonen als Voraussetzung f{\"u}r nachhaltige Gewaltpr{\"a}vention}, series = {Nachhaltige Pr{\"a}vention von Kriminalit{\"a}t, Gewalt und Rechtsextremismus : Beitr{\"a}ge aus Wissenschaft und Praxis}, journal = {Nachhaltige Pr{\"a}vention von Kriminalit{\"a}t, Gewalt und Rechtsextremismus : Beitr{\"a}ge aus Wissenschaft und Praxis}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-71465}, pages = {427 -- 438}, year = {2014}, abstract = {1. Einf{\"u}hrung 2. Pr{\"a}vention und Intervention von Gewalt als Aufgabe an Lehrpersonen 3. Empirische Befunde zum Lehrerhandeln bei Gewalt an Schulen 4. Folgerungen f{\"u}r die Lehrerbildung 5. Fazit Literatur}, language = {de} }