@article{HalilbasicFuerstHeidenetal.2020,
  author    = {Halilbasic, Emina and Fuerst, Elisabeth and Heiden, Denise and Japtok, Lukasz and Diesner, Susanne C. and Trauner, Michael and Kulu, Askin and Jaksch, Peter and Hoetzenecker, Konrad and Kleuser, Burkhard and Kazemi-Shirazi, Lili and Untersmayr, Eva},
  title     = {Plasma levels of the bioactive sphingolipid metabolite S1P in adult cystic fibrosis patients},
  series = {Nutrients},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Nutrients},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2072-6643},
  doi       = {10.3390/nu12030765},
  pages     = {11},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Recent research has linked sphingolipid (SL) metabolism with cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) activity, affecting bioactive lipid mediator sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). We hypothesize that loss of CFTR function in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients influenced plasma S1P levels. Total and unbound plasma S1P levels were measured in 20 lung-transplanted adult CF patients and 20 healthy controls by mass spectrometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). S1P levels were correlated with CFTR genotype, routine laboratory parameters, lung function and pathogen colonization, and clinical symptoms. Compared to controls, CF patients showed lower unbound plasma S1P, whereas total S1P levels did not differ. A positive correlation of total and unbound S1P levels was found in healthy controls, but not in CF patients. Higher unbound S1P levels were measured in Delta F508-homozygous compared to Delta F508-heterozygous CF patients (p = 0.038), accompanied by higher levels of HDL in Delta F508-heterozygous patients. Gastrointestinal symptoms were more common in Delta F508 heterozygotes compared to Delta F508 homozygotes. This is the first clinical study linking plasma S1P levels with CFTR function and clinical presentation in adult CF patients. Given the emerging role of immunonutrition in CF, our study might pave the way for using S1P as a novel biomarker and nutritional target in CF.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchwetlickRothkegelTrukenbrodetal.2020,
  author    = {Schwetlick, Lisa and Rothkegel, Lars Oliver Martin and Trukenbrod, Hans Arne and Engbert, Ralf},
  title     = {Modeling the effects of perisaccadic attention on gaze statistics during scene viewing},
  series = {Communications biology},
  volume    = {3},
  journal   = {Communications biology},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Springer Nature},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {2399-3642},
  doi       = {10.1038/s42003-020-01429-8},
  pages     = {11},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Lisa Schwetlick et al. present a computational model linking visual scan path generation in scene viewing to physiological and experimental work on perisaccadic covert attention, the act of attending to an object visually without obviously moving the eyes toward it. They find that integrating covert attention into predictive models of visual scan paths greatly improves the model's agreement with experimental data. <br /> How we perceive a visual scene depends critically on the selection of gaze positions. For this selection process, visual attention is known to play a key role in two ways. First, image-features attract visual attention, a fact that is captured well by time-independent fixation models. Second, millisecond-level attentional dynamics around the time of saccade drives our gaze from one position to the next. These two related research areas on attention are typically perceived as separate, both theoretically and experimentally. Here we link the two research areas by demonstrating that perisaccadic attentional dynamics improve predictions on scan path statistics. In a mathematical model, we integrated perisaccadic covert attention with dynamic scan path generation. Our model reproduces saccade amplitude distributions, angular statistics, intersaccadic turning angles, and their impact on fixation durations as well as inter-individual differences using Bayesian inference. Therefore, our result lend support to the relevance of perisaccadic attention to gaze statistics.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MishurovaSydowThiedeetal.2020,
  author    = {Mishurova, Tatiana and Sydow, Benjamin and Thiede, Tobias and Sizova, Irina and Ulbricht, Alexander and Bambach, Markus and Bruno, Giovanni},
  title     = {Residual stress and microstructure of a Ti-6Al-4V Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing hybrid demonstrator},
  series = {Metals},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {Metals},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2075-4701},
  doi       = {10.3390/met10060701},
  pages     = {15},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) features high deposition rates and, thus, allows production of large components that are relevant for aerospace applications. However, a lot of aerospace parts are currently produced by forging or machining alone to ensure fast production and to obtain good mechanical properties; the use of these conventional process routes causes high tooling and material costs. A hybrid approach (a combination of forging and WAAM) allows making production more efficient. In this fashion, further structural or functional features can be built in any direction without using additional tools for every part. By using a combination of forging basic geometries with one tool set and adding the functional features by means of WAAM, the tool costs and material waste can be reduced compared to either completely forged or machined parts. One of the factors influencing the structural integrity of additively manufactured parts are (high) residual stresses, generated during the build process. In this study, the triaxial residual stress profiles in a hybrid WAAM part are reported, as determined by neutron diffraction. The analysis is complemented by microstructural investigations, showing a gradient of microstructure (shape and size of grains) along the part height. The highest residual stresses were found in the transition zone (between WAAM and forged part). The total stress range showed to be lower than expected for WAAM components. This could be explained by the thermal history of the component.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{OeschWeiseBruno2020,
  author    = {Oesch, Tyler and Weise, Frank and Bruno, Giovanni},
  title     = {Detection and quantification of cracking in concrete aggregate through virtual data fusion of X-ray computed tomography images},
  series = {Materials},
  volume    = {13},
  journal   = {Materials},
  number    = {18},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {1996-1944},
  doi       = {10.3390/ma13183921},
  pages     = {27},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {In this work, which is part of a larger research program, a framework called "virtual data fusion" was developed to provide an automated and consistent crack detection method that allows for the cross-comparison of results from large quantities of X-ray computed tomography (CT) data. A partial implementation of this method in a custom program was developed for use in research focused on crack quantification in alkali-silica reaction (ASR)-sensitive concrete aggregates. During the CT image processing, a series of image analyses tailored for detecting specific, individual crack-like characteristics were completed. The results of these analyses were then "fused" in order to identify crack-like objects within the images with much higher accuracy than that yielded by any individual image analysis procedure. The results of this strategy demonstrated the success of the program in effectively identifying crack-like structures and quantifying characteristics, such as surface area and volume. The results demonstrated that the source of aggregate has a very significant impact on the amount of internal cracking, even when the mineralogical characteristics remain very similar. River gravels, for instance, were found to contain significantly higher levels of internal cracking than quarried stone aggregates of the same mineralogical type.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LeonardZhangKrebsetal.2020,
  author    = {L{\´e}onard, Fabien and Zhang, Zhen and Krebs, Holger and Bruno, Giovanni},
  title     = {Structural and morphological quantitative 3D characterisation of ammonium nitrate prills by X-ray computed tomography},
  series = {Materials},
  volume    = {13},
  journal   = {Materials},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {1996-1944},
  doi       = {10.3390/ma13051230},
  pages     = {16},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The mixture of ammonium nitrate (AN) prills and fuel oil (FO), usually referred to as ANFO, is extensively used in the mining industry as a bulk explosive. One of the major performance predictors of ANFO mixtures is the fuel oil retention, which is itself governed by the complex pore structure of the AN prills. In this study, we present how X-ray computed tomography (XCT), and the associated advanced data processing workflow, can be used to fully characterise the structure and morphology of AN prills. We show that structural parameters such as volume fraction of the different phases and morphological parameters such as specific surface area and shape factor can be reliably extracted from the XCT data, and that there is a good agreement with the measured oil retention values. Importantly, oil retention measurements (qualifying the efficiency of ANFO as explosives) correlate well with the specific surface area determined by XCT. XCT can therefore be employed non-destructively; it can accurately evaluate and characterise porosity in ammonium nitrate prills, and even predict their efficiency.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SzeskaRichterWendtetal.2020,
  author    = {Szeska, Christoph and Richter, Jan and Wendt, Julia and Weymar, Mathias and Hamm, Alfons O.},
  title     = {Promoting long-term inhibition of human fear responses by non-invasive transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation during extinction training},
  series = {Scientific reports},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {Scientific reports},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {2045-2322},
  doi       = {10.1038/s41598-020-58412-w},
  pages     = {16},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Inhibiting fear-related thoughts and defensive behaviors when they are no longer appropriate to the situation is a prerequisite for flexible and adaptive responding to changing environments. Such inhibition of defensive systems is mediated by ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), limbic basolateral amygdala (BLA), and brain stem locus-coeruleus noradrenergic system (LC-NAs). Non-invasive, transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) has shown to activate this circuit. Using a multiple-day single-cue fear conditioning and extinction paradigm, we investigated long-term effects of tVNS on inhibition of low-level amygdala modulated fear potentiated startle and cognitive risk assessments. We found that administration of tVNS during extinction training facilitated inhibition of fear potentiated startle responses and cognitive risk assessments, resulting in facilitated formation, consolidation and long-term recall of extinction memory, and prevention of the return of fear. These findings might indicate new ways to increase the efficacy of exposure-based treatments of anxiety disorders.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Vasishth2020,
  author    = {Vasishth, Shravan},
  title     = {Using approximate Bayesian computation for estimating parameters in the cue-based retrieval model of sentence processing},
  series = {MethodsX},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {MethodsX},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {2215-0161},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.mex.2020.100850},
  pages     = {6},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {A commonly used approach to parameter estimation in computational models is the so-called grid search procedure: the entire parameter space is searched in small steps to determine the parameter value that provides the best fit to the observed data. This approach has several disadvantages: first, it can be computationally very expensive; second, one optimal point value of the parameter is reported as the best fit value; we cannot quantify our uncertainty about the parameter estimate. In the main journal article that this methods article accompanies (Jager et al., 2020, Interference patterns in subject-verb agreement and reflexives revisited: A large-sample study, Journal of Memory and Language), we carried out parameter estimation using Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC), which is a Bayesian approach that allows us to quantify our uncertainty about the parameter's values given data. This customization has the further advantage that it allows us to generate both prior and posterior predictive distributions of reading times from the cue-based retrieval model of Lewis and Vasishth, 2005. <br /> Instead of the conventional method of using grid search, we use Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) for parameter estimation in the [4] model. <br /> The ABC method of parameter estimation has the advantage that the uncertainty of the parameter can be quantified.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WeimarKoehliBudachetal.2020,
  author    = {Weimar, Jannis and K{\"o}hli, Markus and Budach, Christian and Schmidt, Ulrich},
  title     = {Large-scale boron-lined neutron detection systems as a 3He alternative for Cosmic Ray Neutron Sensing},
  series = {Frontiers in water},
  volume    = {2},
  journal   = {Frontiers in water},
  publisher = {Frontiers Media},
  address   = {Lausanne},
  issn      = {2624-9375},
  doi       = {10.3389/frwa.2020.00016},
  pages     = {17},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Cosmic-Ray neutron sensors are widely used to determine soil moisture on the hectare scale. Precise measurements, especially in the case of mobile application, demand for neutron detectors with high counting rates and high signal-to-noise ratios. For a long time Cosmic Ray Neutron Sensing (CRNS) instruments have relied on He-3 as an efficient neutron converter. Its ongoing scarcity demands for technological solutions using alternative converters, which are Li-6 and B-10. Recent developments lead to a modular neutron detector consisting of several B-10-lined proportional counter tubes, which feature high counting rates via its large surface area. The modularity allows for individual shieldings of different segments within the detector featuring the capability of gaining spectral information about the detected neutrons. This opens the possibility for active signal correction, especially useful when applied to mobile measurements, where the influence of constantly changing near-field to the overall signal should be corrected. Furthermore, the signal-to-noise ratio could be increased by combining pulse height and pulse length spectra to discriminate between neutrons and other environmental radiation. This novel detector therefore combines high-selective counting electronics with large-scale instrumentation technology.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WangWangWangetal.2020,
  author    = {Wang, Hao and Wang, Xuejiang and Wang, Weishi and Su, Yinglong and Zhao, Jianfu},
  title     = {Reuse of a phosphorus recovery product (struvite/palygorskite) from nutrient wastewater for copper remediation in aqueous solution and soil},
  series = {Geoderma : an international journal of soil science},
  volume    = {357},
  journal   = {Geoderma : an international journal of soil science},
  publisher = {Elsevier Science},
  address   = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
  issn      = {0016-7061},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.113955},
  pages     = {10},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {In this study, a phosphorus recovery product, struvite palygorskite (S-PAL), obtained from nutrient-rich wastewater by using MgO modified palygorskite was applied for copper remediation in aqueous solution and contaminated soil to achieve waste recycling. The effects of contact time, initial pH, initial Cu(II) concentration and reaction temperature on Cu(II) adsorption in aqueous solution were intensively testified. Pseudo-second-order model was able to properly describe Cu(II) adsorption kinetics by using palygorskite (PAL) and S-PAL, and S-PAL exhibited higher adsorption amount (106.27 mg/g) than PAL (8.46 mg/g) at pH of 4. Cu(II) adsorption on PAL and S-PAL could be well fitted by Freundlich isotherm and Langmuir isotherm, respectively. The calculated thermodynamic parameters indicated that Cu(II) adsorption onto PAL and S-PAL were spontaneous and endothermic. A 28-day soil incubation experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of PAL and S-PAL with three different rates (1\%, 5\% and 10\% w/w) on Cu immobilization in contaminated soil. In the immobilization test, Cu extracted by 0.01 mol/L CaCl2 after seven days incubation significantly decreased with increasing rate of PAL and S-PAL. BCR sequential extraction results showed the significant decrease of acid soluble Cu and a concomitant increase of the residual fraction of Cu after S-PAL and PAL addition. XRD patterns of soil samples after treatment by PAL and S-PAL showed the formation of Cu0.6Mg1.3Si2O6 and Cu-3.04(PO4)(2)OH0.08 center dot 2H(2)O, which indicated that silanol groups and phosphate exhibited affinity for Cu in the soil.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ZimmermannStoofLeichsenringKruseetal.2020,
  author    = {Zimmermann, Heike Hildegard and Stoof-Leichsenring, Kathleen Rosemarie and Kruse, Stefan and M{\"u}ller, Juliane and Stein, Ruediger and Tiedemann, Ralf and Herzschuh, Ulrike},
  title     = {Changes in the composition of marine and sea-ice diatoms derived from sedimentary ancient DNA of the eastern Fram Strait over the past 30 000 years},
  series = {Ocean science},
  volume    = {16},
  journal   = {Ocean science},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {Copernicus},
  address   = {G{\"o}ttingen},
  issn      = {1812-0784},
  doi       = {10.5194/os-16-1017-2020},
  pages     = {1017 -- 1032},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The Fram Strait is an area with a relatively low and irregular distribution of diatom microfossils in surface sediments, and thus microfossil records are scarce, rarely exceed the Holocene, and contain sparse information about past richness and taxonomic composition. These attributes make the Fram Strait an ideal study site to test the utility of sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) metabarcoding. Amplifying a short, partial rbcL marker from samples of sediment core MSM05/5-712-2 resulted in 95.7\% of our sequences being assigned to diatoms across 18 different families, with 38.6\% of them being resolved to species and 25.8\% to genus level. Independent replicates show a high similarity of PCR products, especially in the oldest samples. Diatom sedaDNA richness is highest in the Late Weichselian and lowest in Mid- and Late Holocene samples. Taxonomic composition is dominated by cold-water and sea-ice-associated diatoms and suggests several reorganisations - after the Last Glacial Maximum, after the Younger Dryas, and after the Early and after the Mid-Holocene. Different sequences assigned to, amongst others, Chaetoceros socialis indicate the detectability of intra-specific diversity using sedaDNA. We detect no clear pattern between our diatom sedaDNA record and the previously published IP25 record of this core, although proportions of pennate diatoms increase with higher IP25 concentrations and proportions of Nitzschia cf. frigida exceeding 2\% of the assemblage point towards past sea-ice presence.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GuzmanSamprognaMohorMendiondo2020,
  author    = {Guzman, Diego A. and Samprogna Mohor, Guilherme and Mendiondo, Eduardo Mario},
  title     = {Multi-year index-based insurance for adapting Water Utility Companies to hydrological drought},
  series = {Water},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Water},
  number    = {11},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2073-4441},
  doi       = {10.3390/w12112954},
  pages     = {22},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The sustainability of water utility companies is threatened by non-stationary drivers, such as climate and anthropogenic changes. To cope with potential economic losses, instruments such as insurance are useful for planning scenarios and mitigating impacts, but data limitations and risk uncertainties affect premium estimation and, consequently, business sustainability. This research estimated the possible economic impacts of business interruption to the Sao Paulo Water Utility Company derived from hydrological drought and how this could be mitigated with an insurance scheme. Multi-year insurance (MYI) was proposed through a set of "change" drivers: the climate driver, through forcing the water evaluation and planning system (WEAP) hydrological tool; the anthropogenic driver, through water demand projections; and the economic driver, associated with recent water price policies adopted by the utility company during water scarcity periods. In our study case, the evaluated indices showed that MYI contracts that cover only longer droughts, regardless of the magnitude, offer better financial performance than contracts that cover all events (in terms of drought duration). Moreover, through MYI contracts, we demonstrate solvency for the insurance fund in the long term and an annual average actuarially fair premium close to the total expected revenue reduction.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BaerenzungHolschneiderWichtetal.2020,
  author    = {Baerenzung, Julien and Holschneider, Matthias and Wicht, Johannes and Lesur, Vincent and Sanchez, Sabrina},
  title     = {The Kalmag model as a candidate for IGRF-13},
  series = {Earth, planets and space},
  volume    = {72},
  journal   = {Earth, planets and space},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {New York},
  issn      = {1880-5981},
  doi       = {10.1186/s40623-020-01295-y},
  pages     = {13},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {We present a new model of the geomagnetic field spanning the last 20 years and called Kalmag. Deriving from the assimilation of CHAMP and Swarm vector field measurements, it separates the different contributions to the observable field through parameterized prior covariance matrices. To make the inverse problem numerically feasible, it has been sequentialized in time through the combination of a Kalman filter and a smoothing algorithm. The model provides reliable estimates of past, present and future mean fields and associated uncertainties. The version presented here is an update of our IGRF candidates; the amount of assimilated data has been doubled and the considered time window has been extended from [2000.5, 2019.74] to [2000.5, 2020.33].},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ZhangGuoChen2020,
  author    = {Zhang, Yan-qiu and Guo, Zeng-hui and Chen, Dai-zhao},
  title     = {Porosity distribution in cyclic dolomites of the Lower Qiulitag Group (Upper Cambrian) in northwestern Tarim Basin, China},
  series = {China geology},
  volume    = {3},
  journal   = {China geology},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {2096-5192},
  pages     = {425 -- 444},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Increasing interests in hydrocarbon resources at depths have drawn greater attentions to the deeply-buried carbonate reservoirs in the Tarim Basin in China. In this study, the cyclic dolomite rocks of Upper Cambrian Lower Qiulitag Group from four outcrop sections in northwestern Tarim Basin were selected to investigate and evaluate the petrophysical properties in relation to depositional facies and cyclicity. The Lower Qiulitag Group includes ten lithofacies, which were deposited in intermediate to shallow subtidal, restricted shallow subtidal, intertidal, and supratidal environments on a carbonate ramp system. These lithofacies are vertically stacked into repeated shallowing-upward, meter-scale cycles which are further grouped into six third-order depositional sequences (Sq1 to Sq6). There are variable types of pore spaces in the Lower Qiulitag Group dolomite rocks, including interparticle, intraparticle, and fenestral pores of primary origin, inter crystal, and vuggy pores of late diagenetic modification. The porosity in the dolomites is generally facies-selective as that the microbially-originated thrombolites and stromatolites generally yield a relatively high porosity. In contrast, the high-energy ooidal grainstones generally have very low porosity. In this case, the microbialite-based peritidal cycles and peritidal cycle-dominated highstand (or regressive) successions have relatively high volumes of pore spaces, although highly fluctuating (or vertical inhomogeneous). Accordingly, the grainstone-based subtidal cycles and subtidal cycle-dominated transgressive successions generally yield extremely low porosity. This scenario indicates that porosity development and preservation in the thick dolomite successions are primarily controlled by depositional facies which were influenced by sea-level fluctuations of different orders and later diagenetic overprinting.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchneiderBrickDziobek2020,
  author    = {Schneider, Jan Niklas and Brick, Timothy R. and Dziobek, Isabel},
  title     = {Distance to the neutral face predicts arousal ratings of dynamic facial expressions in individuals with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder},
  series = {Frontiers in psychology},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Frontiers in psychology},
  publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation},
  address   = {Lausanne},
  issn      = {1664-1078},
  doi       = {10.3389/fpsyg.2020.577494},
  pages     = {15},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Arousal is one of the dimensions of core affect and frequently used to describe experienced or observed emotional states. While arousal ratings of facial expressions are collected in many studies it is not well understood how arousal is displayed in or interpreted from facial expressions. In the context of socioemotional disorders such as Autism Spectrum Disorder, this poses the question of a differential use of facial information for arousal perception. In this study, we demonstrate how automated face-tracking tools can be used to extract predictors of arousal judgments. We find moderate to strong correlations among all measures of static information on one hand and all measures of dynamic information on the other. Based on these results, we tested two measures, average distance to the neutral face and average facial movement speed, within and between neurotypical individuals (N = 401) and individuals with autism (N = 19). Distance to the neutral face was predictive of arousal in both groups. Lower mean arousal ratings were found for the autistic group, but no difference in correlation of the measures and arousal ratings could be found between groups. Results were replicated in an high autistic traits group. The findings suggest a qualitatively similar perception of arousal for individuals with and without autism. No correlations between valence ratings and any of the measures could be found, emphasizing the specificity of our tested measures. Distance and speed predictors share variability and thus speed should not be discarded as a predictor of arousal ratings.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MuellerHelmsRohreretal.2020,
  author    = {M{\"u}ller, Anke Katharina and Helms, Ute and Rohrer, Carsten and M{\"o}hler, Monika and Hellwig, Frank and Glei, Michael and Schwerdtle, Tanja and Lorkowski, Stefan and Dawczynski, Christine},
  title     = {Nutrient composition of different hazelnut cultivars grown in Germany},
  series = {Foods},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {Foods},
  number    = {11},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2304-8158},
  doi       = {10.3390/foods9111596},
  pages     = {11},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Hazelnuts are rarely cultivated in Germany, although they are a valuable source for macro- and micronutrients and can thus contribute to a healthy diet. Near the present, 15 varieties were cultivated in Thuringia, Germany, as a pilot study for further research. The aim of our study was to evaluate the micro- and macronutrient composition of representative, randomly mixed samples of the 15 different hazelnut cultivars. Protein, fat, and fiber contents were determined using established methods. Fatty acids, tocopherols, minerals, trace elements, and ultra-trace elements were analyzed using gas chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, and inductively coupled plasma triple quadrupole mass-spectrometry, respectively. We found that the different hazelnut varieties contained valuable amounts of fat, protein, dietary fiber, minerals, trace elements, and alpha-tocopherol, however, in different quantities. The variations in nutrient composition were independent of growth conditions, which were identical for all hazelnut varieties. Therefore, each hazelnut cultivar has its specific nutrient profile.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WilbertUrtonKrulletal.2020,
  author    = {Wilbert, J{\"u}rgen and Urton, Karolina and Krull, Johanna and Kulawiak, Pawel R. and Schwalbe, Anja and Hennemann, Thomas},
  title     = {Teachers' accuracy in estimating social inclusion of students with and without special educational needs},
  series = {Frontiers in education},
  volume    = {5},
  journal   = {Frontiers in education},
  publisher = {Frontiers Media},
  address   = {Lausanne},
  issn      = {2504-284X},
  doi       = {10.3389/feduc.2020.598330},
  pages     = {11},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {It is unclear to what extent teachers can accurately assess the social inclusion of their students with and without SEN. The study aims to shed light on these desiderata. Students (N = 1.644) with SEN (learning, behavior, and language problems) and without SEN and their teachers (N = 79) participated in the study. Sociometric peer nominations, students' self-perceived social inclusion, and teachers' assessments regarding students' social inclusion and self-perceived social inclusion were administered. The results suggest that teachers are moderately accurate in identifying social acceptance and social rejection, while accuracy is low when assessing students' self-perceived social inclusion. That said, rating accuracy varied strongly between teachers, ranging from no agreement to a perfect concordance. Teachers seem to be more accurate in estimating the social acceptance of students with learning problems. The results emphasize the importance of differentiating between various social inclusion criteria (i.e., students' self-report vs. peer nominations) and accounting for inter-individual differences in teachers' rating accuracy.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GonzalezChavarriaDupratRoaetal.2020,
  author    = {Gonzalez-Chavarria, Ivan and Duprat, Felix and Roa, Francisco J. and Jara, Nery and Toledo, Jorge R. and Miranda, Felipe and Becerra, Jose and Inostroza, Alejandro and Kelling, Alexandra and Schilde, Uwe and Heydenreich, Matthias and Paz, Cristian},
  title     = {Maytenus disticha extract and an isolated β-Dihydroagarofuran induce mitochondrial depolarization and apoptosis in human cancer cells by increasing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species},
  series = {Biomolecules},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {Biomolecules},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2218-273X},
  doi       = {10.3390/biom10030377},
  pages     = {15},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Maytenus disticha (Hook F.), belonging to the Celastraceae family, is an evergreen shrub, native of the central southern mountains of Chile. Previous studies demonstrated that the total extract of M. disticha (MD) has an acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity along with growth regulatory and insecticidal activities. beta-Dihydroagarofurans sesquiterpenes are the most active components in the plant. However, its activity in cancer has not been analyzed yet. Here, we demonstrate that MD has a cytotoxic activity on breast (MCF-7), lung (PC9), and prostate (C4-2B) human cancer cells with an IC50 (mu g/mL) of 40, 4.7, and 5 mu g/mL, respectively, an increasing Bax/Bcl2 ratio, and inducing a mitochondrial membrane depolarization. The beta-dihydroagarofuran-type sesquiterpene (MD-6), dihydromyricetin (MD-9), and dihydromyricetin-3-O-beta-glucoside (MD-10) were isolated as the major compounds from MD extracts. From these compounds, only MD-6 showed cytotoxic activity on MCF-7, PC9, and C4-2B with an IC50 of 31.02, 17.58, and 42.19 mu M, respectively. Furthermore, the MD-6 increases cell ROS generation, and MD and MD-6 induce a mitochondrial superoxide generation and apoptosis on MCF-7, PC9, and C4-2B, which suggests that the cytotoxic effect of MD is mediated in part by the beta-dihydroagarofuran-type that induces apoptosis by a mitochondrial dysfunction.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BradyFinniganKohleretal.2020,
  author    = {Brady, David and Finnigan, Ryan and Kohler, Ulrich and Legewie, Joscha},
  title     = {The inheritance of race revisited},
  series = {Sociological Science},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {Sociological Science},
  number    = {25},
  publisher = {Society for Sociological Science},
  issn      = {2330-6696},
  doi       = {10.15195/v7.a25},
  pages     = {599 -- 627},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Vast racial inequalities continue to prevail across the United States and are closely linked to economic resources. One particularly prominent argument contends that childhood wealth accounts for black-white (BW) disadvantages in life chances. This article analyzes how much childhood wealth and childhood income mediate BW disadvantages in adult life chances with Panel Study of Income Dynamics and Cross-National Equivalent File data on children from the 1980s and 1990s who were 30+ years old in 2015. Compared with previous research, we exploit longer panel data, more comprehensively assess adult life chances with 18 outcomes, and measure income and wealth more rigorously. We find large BW disadvantages in most outcomes. Childhood wealth and income mediate a substantial share of most BW disadvantages, although there are several significant BW disadvantages even after adjusting for childhood wealth and income. The evidence mostly contradicts the prominent claim that childhood wealth is more important than childhood income. Indeed, the analyses mostly show that childhood income explains more of BW disadvantages and has larger standardized coefficients than childhood wealth. We also show how limitations in prior wealth research explain why our conclusions differ. Replication with the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth and a variety of robustness checks support these conclusions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Ungelenk2020,
  author    = {Ungelenk, Johannes},
  title     = {{\´E}mile Zola's Climate History of the Second Empire},
  series = {Ecozon@: European Journal of Literature, Culture and Environment},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Ecozon@: European Journal of Literature, Culture and Environment},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Alcal{\´a} de Henares},
  address   = {Instituto Universitario de Investigaci{\´o}n en Estudios Norteamericanos "Benjam{\´i}n Franklin", Universidad de Alcal{\´a}},
  issn      = {2171-9594},
  doi       = {10.37536/ECOZONA.2020.11.1.3181},
  pages     = {9 -- 26},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {This article looks at {\´E}mile Zola's novel cycle Les Rougon-Macquart and argues that it describes its subject, the Second Empire, as a warming climate tending toward climate catastrophe. Zola's affinity to the notion of climate is shown to be linked to his poetic employment of the concept of 'milieu', inspired by Hippolyte Taine. Close readings of selected passages from the Rougon-Macquart are used to work out the climatic difference between 'the old' and 'the new Paris', and the process of warming that characterises the Second Empire. Octave Mouret's department store holds a special place in the article, as it is analysed through what the article suggests calling a 'meteorotopos': a location of intensified climatic conditions that accounts for an increased interaction between human and non-human actors. The department store is also one of the many sites in the novel cycle that locally prefigure the 'global' climate catastrophe of Paris burning, in which the Second Empire perishes.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FaisalGechevMuellerRoeberetal.2020,
  author    = {Faisal, Muhammad B. and Gechev, Tsanko S. and M{\"u}ller-R{\"o}ber, Bernd and Dijkwel, Paul P.},
  title     = {Putative alternative translation start site-encoding nucleotides of CPR5 regulate growth and resistance},
  series = {BMC plant biology},
  volume    = {20},
  journal   = {BMC plant biology},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {BMC},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {1471-2229},
  doi       = {10.1186/s12870-020-02485-2},
  pages     = {10},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Background The Arabidopsis CONSTITUTIVE EXPRESSER of PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENES 5 (CPR5) has recently been shown to play a role in gating as part of the nuclear pore complex (NPC). Mutations in CPR5 cause multiple defects, including aberrant trichomes, reduced ploidy levels, reduced growth and enhanced resistance to bacterial and fungal pathogens. The pleiotropic nature of cpr5 mutations implicates that the CPR5 protein affects multiple pathways. However, little is known about the structural features that allow CPR5 to affect the different pathways. Results Our in silico studies suggest that in addition to three clusters of putative nuclear localization signals and four or five transmembrane domains, CPR5 contains two putative alternative translation start sites. To test the role of the methionine-encoding nucleotides implicated in those sites, metCPR5 cDNAs, in which the relevant nucleotides were changed to encode glutamine, were fused to the CPR5 native promoter and the constructs transformed to cpr5-2 plants to complement cpr5-compromised phenotypes. The control and metCPR5 constructs were able to complement all cpr5 phenotypes, although the extent of complementation depended on the specific complementing plant lines. Remarkably, plants transformed with metCPR5 constructs showed larger leaves and displayed reduced resistance when challenged to Pseudomonas syringae pv Pst DC3000, as compared to control plants. Thus, the methionine-encoding nucleotides regulate growth and resistance. We propose that structural features of the CPR5 N-terminus are implicated in selective gating of proteins involved in regulating the balance between growth and resistance. Conclusion Plants need to carefully balance the amount of resources used for growth and resistance. The Arabidopsis CPR5 protein regulates plant growth and immunity. Here we show that N-terminal features of CPR5 are involved in the regulation of the balance between growth and resistance. These findings may benefit efforts to improve plant yield, while maintaining optimal levels of disease resistance.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{WojcikBrinkmannZduneketal.2020,
  author    = {Wojcik, Michal and Brinkmann, Pia and Zdunek, Rafał and Riebe, Daniel and Beitz, Toralf and Merk, Sven and Cieslik, Katarzyna and Mory, David and Antonczak, Arkadiusz},
  title     = {Classification of copper minerals by handheld laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and nonnegative tensor factorisation},
  series = {Sensors},
  volume    = {20},
  journal   = {Sensors},
  number    = {18},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {1424-8220},
  doi       = {10.3390/s20185152},
  pages     = {17},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) analysers are becoming increasingly common for material classification purposes. However, to achieve good classification accuracy, mostly noncompact units are used based on their stability and reproducibility. In addition, computational algorithms that require significant hardware resources are commonly applied. For performing measurement campaigns in hard-to-access environments, such as mining sites, there is a need for compact, portable, or even handheld devices capable of reaching high measurement accuracy. The optics and hardware of small (i.e., handheld) devices are limited by space and power consumption and require a compromise of the achievable spectral quality. As long as the size of such a device is a major constraint, the software is the primary field for improvement. In this study, we propose a novel combination of handheld LIBS with non-negative tensor factorisation to investigate its classification capabilities of copper minerals. The proposed approach is based on the extraction of source spectra for each mineral (with the use of tensor methods) and their labelling based on the percentage contribution within the dataset. These latent spectra are then used in a regression model for validation purposes. The application of such an approach leads to an increase in the classification score by approximately 5\% compared to that obtained using commonly used classifiers such as support vector machines, linear discriminant analysis, and the k-nearest neighbours algorithm.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{JeltschGrimm2020,
  author    = {Jeltsch, Florian and Grimm, Volker},
  title     = {Editorial},
  series = {Movement Ecology},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {Movement Ecology},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {BioMed Central},
  address   = {London},
  issn      = {2051-3933},
  doi       = {10.1186/s40462-020-00210-0},
  pages     = {4},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MunjonjiAyisiMudongoetal.2020,
  author    = {Munjonji, Lawrence and Ayisi, Kingsley Kwabena and Mudongo, Edwin I. and Mafeo, Tieho Paulus and Behn, Kai and Mokoka, Malesela Vincent and Linst{\"a}dter, Anja},
  title     = {Disentangling drought and grazing effects on soil carbon stocks and CO2 fluxes in a semi-arid African Savanna},
  series = {Frontiers in Environmental Science},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Environmental Science},
  publisher = {Frontiers Media},
  address   = {Lausanne},
  issn      = {2296-665X},
  doi       = {10.3389/fenvs.2020.590665},
  pages     = {14},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Grasslands cover ca. 30\% of the global land surface and provide critical ecosystem services. Among them, carbon storage is one of the most important. However, grasslands are increasingly threatened by drought and overgrazing which might negatively affect soil carbon stocks. Despite this threat, there is a dearth of information on how drought and grazing jointly impact soil carbon stocks and CO2 fluxes in dryland grasslands. With the aid of a large field experiment, we studied the combined effects of a 5-year extreme drought and moderate grazing on soil carbon stocks, CO2 fluxes and soil chemical properties. Extreme drought was induced by reducing ambient rainfall by 66\% using large rainout shelters. We found CO2 fluxes to strongly respond to the 5-year experimental drought. Extreme drought reduced CO2 emission rates by 32\% compared to ambient conditions. CO2 fluxes averaged 5.7 mg m(-2)min(-1) under drought compared to 8.3 mg m(-2) min(-1) under ambient conditions. CO2 fluxes were, however, not influenced by grazing. At the end of the growth period, grazed plots under ambient rainfall had released 16.3 tons of CO2 ha(-1) which was 58\% higher than observed on grazed plots subjected to severe drought. Soil carbon stocks were higher under drought conditions due to slower decomposition rates. Drought resulted in increased concentrations of primary macronutrients (N, P, and K), micronutrients (Zn and Mn) and pH in the top 30 cm of the soil relative to ambient conditions. The results also showed that grazing reduced the concentration of N and P in the topsoil compared to the ungrazed plots. This study provided insights on the soil carbon storage, CO2 emission rates and nutrient dynamics in a semi-arid dryland grassland as influenced by both drought and grazing. Our study also revealed that long-term extreme drought may be favorable in terms of preserving the existing soil carbon stocks through reduced CO2 release. This finding is critical for understanding future soil carbon dynamics in dryland grasslands in the face of climate change.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{StepanovskaZivkovicEnzmannetal.2020,
  author    = {Stepanovska, Bisera and Zivkovic, Aleksandra and Enzmann, Gaby and Tietz, Silvia and Homann, Thomas and Kleuser, Burkhard and Engelhardt, Britta and Stark, Holger and Huwiler, Andrea},
  title     = {Morpholino analogues of fingolimod as novel and selective S1P1 ligands with in vivo efficacy in a mouse model of experimental antigen-induced encephalomyelitis},
  series = {International journal of molecular sciences},
  volume    = {21},
  journal   = {International journal of molecular sciences},
  number    = {18},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {1422-0067},
  doi       = {10.3390/ijms21186463},
  pages     = {17},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) which is associated with lower life expectancy and disability. The experimental antigen-induced encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice is a useful animal model of MS, which allows exploring the etiopathogenetic mechanisms and testing novel potential therapeutic drugs. A new therapeutic paradigm for the treatment of MS was introduced in 2010 through the sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) analogue fingolimod (FTY720, Gilenya(R)), which acts as a functional S1P(1) antagonist on T lymphocytes to deplete these cells from the blood. In this study, we synthesized two novel structures, ST-1893 and ST-1894, which are derived from fingolimod and chemically feature a morpholine ring in the polar head group. These compounds showed a selective S1P(1) activation profile and a sustained S1P(1) internalization in cultures of S1P(1)-overexpressing Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-K1 cells, consistent with a functional antagonism. In vivo, both compounds induced a profound lymphopenia in mice. Finally, these substances showed efficacy in the EAE model, where they reduced clinical symptoms of the disease, and, on the molecular level, they reduced the T-cell infiltration and several inflammatory mediators in the brain and spinal cord. In summary, these data suggest that S1P(1)-selective compounds may have an advantage over fingolimod and siponimod, not only in MS but also in other autoimmune diseases.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BoteroMonkRodriguezCubillosetal.2020,
  author    = {Botero, David and Monk, Jonathan and Rodriguez Cubillos, Maria Juliana and Rodriguez Cubillos, Andres Eduardo and Restrepo, Mariana and Bernal-Galeano, Vivian and Reyes, Alejandro and Gonzalez Barrios, Andres and Palsson, Bernhard O. and Restrepo, Silvia and Bernal, Adriana},
  title     = {Genome-scale metabolic model of Xanthomonas phaseoli pv. manihotis},
  series = {Frontiers in genetics},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Frontiers in genetics},
  publisher = {Frontiers Media},
  address   = {Lausanne},
  issn      = {1664-8021},
  doi       = {10.3389/fgene.2020.00837},
  pages     = {19},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Xanthomonas phaseoli pv. manihotis (Xpm) is the causal agent of cassava bacterial blight, the most important bacterial disease in this crop. There is a paucity of knowledge about the metabolism of Xanthomonas and its relevance in the pathogenic process, with the exception of the elucidation of the xanthan biosynthesis route. Here we report the reconstruction of the genome-scale model of Xpm metabolism and the insights it provides into plant-pathogen interactions. The model, iXpm1556, displayed 1,556 reactions, 1,527 compounds, and 890 genes. Metabolic maps of central amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism, as well as xanthan biosynthesis of Xpm, were reconstructed using Escher (https://escher.github.io/) to guide the curation process and for further analyses. The model was constrained using the RNA-seq data of a mutant of Xpm for quorum sensing (QS), and these data were used to construct context-specific models (CSMs) of the metabolism of the two strains (wild type and QS mutant). The CSMs and flux balance analysis were used to get insights into pathogenicity, xanthan biosynthesis, and QS mechanisms. Between the CSMs, 653 reactions were shared; unique reactions belong to purine, pyrimidine, and amino acid metabolism. Alternative objective functions were used to demonstrate a trade-off between xanthan biosynthesis and growth and the re-allocation of resources in the process of biosynthesis. Important features altered by QS included carbohydrate metabolism, NAD(P)(+) balance, and fatty acid elongation. In this work, we modeled the xanthan biosynthesis and the QS process and their impact on the metabolism of the bacterium. This model will be useful for researchers studying host-pathogen interactions and will provide insights into the mechanisms of infection used by this and other Xanthomonas species.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{TrillaDrimallaBajboujetal.2020,
  author    = {Trilla, Irene and Drimalla, Hanna and Bajbouj, Malek and Dziobek, Isabel},
  title     = {The influence of reward on facial mimicry},
  series = {Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience},
  volume    = {14},
  journal   = {Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience},
  publisher = {Frontiers Media},
  address   = {Lausanne},
  issn      = {1662-5153},
  doi       = {10.3389/fnbeh.2020.00088},
  pages     = {12},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Recent findings suggest a role of oxytocin on the tendency to spontaneously mimic the emotional facial expressions of others. Oxytocin-related increases of facial mimicry, however, seem to be dependent on contextual factors. Given previous literature showing that people preferentially mimic emotional expressions of individuals associated with high (vs. low) rewards, we examined whether the reward value of the mimicked agent is one factor influencing the oxytocin effects on facial mimicry. To test this hypothesis, 60 male adults received 24 IU of either intranasal oxytocin or placebo in a double-blind, between-subject experiment. Next, the value of male neutral faces was manipulated using an associative learning task with monetary rewards. After the reward associations were learned, participants watched videos of the same faces displaying happy and angry expressions. Facial reactions to the emotional expressions were measured with electromyography. We found that participants judged as more pleasant the face identities associated with high reward values than with low reward values. However, happy expressions by low rewarding faces were more spontaneously mimicked than high rewarding faces. Contrary to our expectations, we did not find a significant direct effect of intranasal oxytocin on facial mimicry, nor on the reward-driven modulation of mimicry. Our results support the notion that mimicry is a complex process that depends on contextual factors, but failed to provide conclusive evidence of a role of oxytocin on the modulation of facial mimicry.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ScherlerSchwanghart2020,
  author    = {Scherler, Dirk and Schwanghart, Wolfgang},
  title     = {Drainage divide networks - part 1: Identification and ordering in digital elevation models},
  series = {Earth surface dynamics : ESURF},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {Earth surface dynamics : ESURF},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Copernicus Publ.},
  address   = {G{\"o}ttingen},
  issn      = {2196-6311},
  doi       = {10.5194/esurf-8-245-2020},
  pages     = {245 -- 259},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {We propose a novel way to measure and analyze networks of drainage divides from digital elevation models. We developed an algorithm that extracts drainage divides based on the drainage basin boundaries defined by a stream network. In contrast to streams, there is no straightforward approach to order and classify divides, although it is intuitive that some divides are more important than others. A meaningful way of ordering divides is the average distance one would have to travel down on either side of a divide to reach a common stream location. However, because measuring these distances is computationally expensive and prone to edge effects, we instead sort divide segments based on their tree-like network structure, starting from endpoints at river confluences. The sorted nature of the network allows for assigning distances to points along the divides, which can be shown to scale with the average distance downslope to the common stream location. Furthermore, because divide segments tend to have characteristic lengths, an ordering scheme in which divide orders increase by 1 at junctions mimics these distances. We applied our new algorithm to the Big Tujunga catchment in the San Gabriel Mountains of southern California and studied the morphology of the drainage divide network. Our results show that topographic metrics, like the downstream flow distance to a stream and hillslope relief, attain characteristic values that depend on the drainage area threshold used to derive the stream network. Portions along the divide network that have lower than average relief or are closer than average to streams are often distinctly asymmetric in shape, suggesting that these divides are unstable. Our new and automated approach thus helps to objectively extract and analyze divide networks from digital elevation models.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{NovinaHermanussenScheffleretal.2020,
  author    = {Novina, Novina and Hermanussen, Michael and Scheffler, Christiane and Pulungan, Aman B. and Ismiarto, Yoyos Dias and Andriyana, Yudhie and Biben, Vitriana and Setiabudiawan, Budi},
  title     = {Indonesian National Growth Reference Charts better reflect height and weight of children in West Java, Indonesia, than WHO Child Growth Standards},
  series = {Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Galenos Yayincilik},
  address   = {Istanbul},
  issn      = {1308-5727},
  doi       = {10.4274/jcrpe.galenos.2020.2020.0044},
  pages     = {410 -- 419},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Objective: The Indonesia Basic Health Research 2018 indicates that Indonesian children are still among the shortest in the world. When referred to World Health Organization Child Growth Standards (WHOCGS), the prevalence of stunting reaches up to 43\% in several Indonesian districts. Indonesian National Growth Reference Charts (INGRC) were established in order to better distinguish between healthy short children and children with growth disorders. We analyzed height and weight measurements of healthy Indonesian children using INGRC and WHOCGS. Methods: 6972 boys and 5800 girls (n = 12,772), aged 0-59 months old, from Bandung District were measured. Z-scores of length/height and body mass index were calculated based on INGRC and WHOCGS. Results: Under 5-year-old Indonesian children raised in Bandung are short and slim. Mean height z-scores of boys is -2.03 [standard deviation (SD) 1.31], mean height z-scores of girls is -2.03 (SD 1.31) when referred to WHOCGS indicating that over 50 \% of these children are stunted. Bandung children are heterogeneous, with substantial subpopulations of tall children. Depending on the growth reference used, between 9\% and 15\% of them are wasted. Wasted children are on average half a SD taller than their peers. Conclusion: WHOCGS seriously overestimates the true prevalence of undernutrition in Indonesian children. The present investigation fails to support evidence of undernutrition at a prevalence similar to the over 50\% prevalence of stunting (WHOCGS) versus 13.3\% (INGRC). We suggest refraining from using WHOCGS, and instead applying INGRC that closely mirror height and weight increments in Bandung children. INGRC appear superior for practical and clinical purposes, such as detecting growth and developmental disorders.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HochmuthRoehrigApelojg2020,
  author    = {Hochmuth, J{\"o}rg and R{\"o}hrig, Anne and Apelojg, Benjamin},
  title     = {Nachhaltigkeitsorientierte berufliche Handlungskompetenzen am Beispiel des Projektes „NiB-Scout - Kompetenzmodell f{\"u}r Nachhaltigkeit im B{\"a}ckerhandwerk"},
  series = {Berufs- und Wirtschaftsp{\"a}dagogik Online : bwp@},
  journal   = {Berufs- und Wirtschaftsp{\"a}dagogik Online : bwp@},
  number    = {Spezial 17},
  publisher = {Institut f{\"u}r Berufs- und Wirtschaftsp{\"a}dagogik Universit{\"a}t Hamburg},
  address   = {Hamburg},
  issn      = {1618-8543},
  pages     = {13 -- 17},
  year      = {2020},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{LutherTiberiusBrem2020,
  author    = {Luther, Laura and Tiberius, Victor and Brem, Alexander},
  title     = {User experience (UX) in business, management, and psychology},
  series = {Multimodal technologies and interaction : open access journal},
  volume    = {4},
  journal   = {Multimodal technologies and interaction : open access journal},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2414-4088},
  doi       = {10.3390/mti4020018},
  pages     = {19},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {User Experience (UX) describes the holistic experience of a user before, during, and after interaction with a platform, product, or service. UX adds value and attraction to their sole functionality and is therefore highly relevant for firms. The increased interest in UX has produced a vast amount of scholarly research since 1983. The research field is, therefore, complex and scattered. Conducting a bibliometric analysis, we aim at structuring the field quantitatively and rather abstractly. We employed citation analyses, co-citation analyses, and content analyses to evaluate productivity and impact of extant research. We suggest that future research should focus more on business and management related topics.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GryzikHoangLischkeetal.2020,
  author    = {Gryzik, Stefanie and Hoang, Yen and Lischke, Timo and Mohr, Elodie and Venzke, Melanie and Kadner, Isabelle and P{\"o}tzsch, Josephine and Groth, Detlef and Radbruch, Andreas and Hutloff, Andreas and Baumgrass, Ria},
  title     = {Identification of a super-functional Tfh-like subpopulation in murine lupus by pattern perception},
  series = {eLife},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {eLife},
  publisher = {eLife Sciences Publications},
  address   = {Cambridge},
  issn      = {2050-084X},
  doi       = {10.7554/eLife.53226},
  pages     = {21},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Dysregulated cytokine expression by T cells plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. However, the identification of the corresponding pathogenic subpopulations is a challenge, since a distinction between physiological variation and a new quality in the expression of protein markers requires combinatorial evaluation. Here, we were able to identify a super-functional follicular helper T cell (Tfh)-like subpopulation in lupus-prone NZBxW mice with our binning approach "pattern recognition of immune cells (PRI)". PRI uncovered a subpopulation of IL-21(+) IFN-gamma(high) PD-1(low) CD40L(high) CXCR5(-) Bcl-6(-) T cells specifically expanded in diseased mice. In addition, these cells express high levels of TNF-alpha and IL-2, and provide B cell help for IgG production in an IL-21 and CD40L dependent manner. This super-functional T cell subset might be a superior driver of autoimmune processes due to a polyfunctional and high cytokine expression combined with Tfh-like properties.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HerreroThorntonMasonD'Crozetal.2020,
  author    = {Herrero, Mario and Thornton, Philip K. and Mason-D'Croz, Daniel and Palmer, Jeda and Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon and Pradhan, Prajal and Barrett, Christopher B. and Benton, Tim G. and Hall, Andrew and Pikaar, Ilje and Bogard, Jessica R. and Bonnett, Graham D. and Bryan, Brett A. and Campbell, Bruce M. and Christensen, Svend and Clark, Michael and Fanzo, Jessica and Godde, Cecile M. and Jarvis, Andy and Loboguerrero, Ana Maria and Mathys, Alexander and McIntyre, C. Lynne and Naylor, Rosamond L. and Nelson, Rebecca and Obersteiner, Michael and Parodi, Alejandro and Popp, Alexander and Ricketts, Katie and Smith, Pete and Valin, Hugo and Vermeulen, Sonja J. and Vervoort, Joost and van Wijk, Mark and van Zanten, Hannah H. E. and West, Paul C. and Wood, Stephen A. and Rockstr{\"o}m, Johan},
  title     = {Articulating the effect of food systems innovation on the Sustainable Development Goals},
  series = {The lancet Planetary health},
  volume    = {5},
  journal   = {The lancet Planetary health},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {2542-5196},
  doi       = {10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30277-1},
  pages     = {E50 -- E62},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Food system innovations will be instrumental to achieving multiple Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, major innovation breakthroughs can trigger profound and disruptive changes, leading to simultaneous and interlinked reconfigurations of multiple parts of the global food system. The emergence of new technologies or social solutions, therefore, have very different impact profiles, with favourable consequences for some SDGs and unintended adverse side-effects for others. Stand-alone innovations seldom achieve positive outcomes over multiple sustainability dimensions. Instead, they should be embedded as part of systemic changes that facilitate the implementation of the SDGs. Emerging trade-offs need to be intentionally addressed to achieve true sustainability, particularly those involving social aspects like inequality in its many forms, social justice, and strong institutions, which remain challenging. Trade-offs with undesirable consequences are manageable through the development of well planned transition pathways, careful monitoring of key indicators, and through the implementation of transparent science targets at the local level.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{VinkeGabryschPaolettietal.2020,
  author    = {Vinke, Kira and Gabrysch, Sabine and Paoletti, Emanuela and Rockstr{\"o}m, Johan and Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim},
  title     = {Corona and the climate},
  series = {Global sustainability},
  volume    = {3},
  journal   = {Global sustainability},
  publisher = {Cambridge Univ. Press},
  address   = {Cambridge},
  issn      = {2059-4798},
  doi       = {10.1017/sus.2020.20},
  pages     = {7},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Lessons from the corona crisis can help manage the even more daunting challenge of anthropogenic global warming.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{TranterDeLuciaWolfgrammetal.2020,
  author    = {Tranter, Morgan Alan and De Lucia, Marco and Wolfgramm, Markus and K{\"u}hn, Michael},
  title     = {Barite scale formation and injectivity loss models for geothermal systems},
  series = {Water},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Water},
  number    = {11},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2073-4441},
  doi       = {10.3390/w12113078},
  pages     = {24},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Barite scales in geothermal installations are a highly unwanted effect of circulating deep saline fluids. They build up in the reservoir if supersaturated fluids are re-injected, leading to irreversible loss of injectivity. A model is presented for calculating the total expected barite precipitation. To determine the related injectivity decline over time, the spatial precipitation distribution in the subsurface near the injection well is assessed by modelling barite growth kinetics in a radially diverging Darcy flow domain. Flow and reservoir properties as well as fluid chemistry are chosen to represent reservoirs subject to geothermal exploration located in the North German Basin (NGB) and the Upper Rhine Graben (URG) in Germany. Fluids encountered at similar depths are hotter in the URG, while they are more saline in the NGB. The associated scaling amount normalised to flow rate is similar for both regions. The predicted injectivity decline after 10 years, on the other hand, is far greater for the NGB (64\%) compared to the URG (24\%), due to the temperature- and salinity-dependent precipitation rate. The systems in the NGB are at higher risk. Finally, a lightweight score is developed for approximating the injectivity loss using the Damkohler number, flow rate and total barite scaling potential. This formula can be easily applied to geothermal installations without running complex reactive transport simulations.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PornsawadSungcharoenBoeckmann2020,
  author    = {Pornsawad, Pornsarp and Sungcharoen, Parada and B{\"o}ckmann, Christine},
  title     = {Convergence rate of the modified Landweber method for solving inverse potential problems},
  series = {Mathematics : open access journal},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {Mathematics : open access journal},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2227-7390},
  doi       = {10.3390/math8040608},
  pages     = {22},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {In this paper, we present the convergence rate analysis of the modified Landweber method under logarithmic source condition for nonlinear ill-posed problems. The regularization parameter is chosen according to the discrepancy principle. The reconstructions of the shape of an unknown domain for an inverse potential problem by using the modified Landweber method are exhibited.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{desAulnoisReveillonRobertetal.2020,
  author    = {des Aulnois, Maxime Georges and R{\´e}veillon, Damien and Robert, Elise and Caruana, Amandine and Briand, Enora and Guljamow, Arthur and Dittmann, Elke and Amzil, Zouher and Bormans, Myriam},
  title     = {Salt shock responses of Microcystis revealed through physiological, transcript, and metabolomic analyses},
  series = {Toxins},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Toxins},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2072-6651},
  doi       = {10.3390/toxins12030192},
  pages     = {18},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The transfer of Microcystis aeruginosa from freshwater to estuaries has been described worldwide and salinity is reported as the main factor controlling the expansion of M. aeruginosa to coastal environments. Analyzing the expression levels of targeted genes and employing both targeted and non-targeted metabolomic approaches, this study investigated the effect of a sudden salt increase on the physiological and metabolic responses of two toxic M. aeruginosa strains separately isolated from fresh and brackish waters, respectively, PCC 7820 and 7806. Supported by differences in gene expressions and metabolic profiles, salt tolerance was found to be strain specific. An increase in salinity decreased the growth of M. aeruginosa with a lesser impact on the brackish strain. The production of intracellular microcystin variants in response to salt stress correlated well to the growth rate for both strains. Furthermore, the release of microcystins into the surrounding medium only occurred at the highest salinity treatment when cell lysis occurred. This study suggests that the physiological responses of M. aeruginosa involve the accumulation of common metabolites but that the intraspecific salt tolerance is based on the accumulation of specific metabolites. While one of these was determined to be sucrose, many others remain to be identified. Taken together, these results provide evidence that M. aeruginosa is relatively salt tolerant in the mesohaline zone and microcystin (MC) release only occurs when the capacity of the cells to deal with salt increase is exceeded.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{VolkBrandschSchlegelmilchetal.2020,
  author    = {Volk, Christin and Brandsch, Corinna and Schlegelmilch, Ulf and Wensch-Dorendorf, Monika and Hirche, Frank and Simm, Andreas and Gargum, Osama and Wiacek, Claudia and Braun, Peggy G. and Kopp, Johannes F. and Schwerdtle, Tanja and Treede, Hendrik and Stangl, Gabriele I.},
  title     = {Postprandial metabolic response to rapeseed protein in healthy subjects},
  series = {Nutrients},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Nutrients},
  number    = {8},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2072-6643},
  doi       = {10.3390/nu12082270},
  pages     = {22},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Plant proteins have become increasingly important for ecological reasons. Rapeseed is a novel source of plant proteins with high biological value, but its metabolic impact in humans is largely unknown. A randomized, controlled intervention study including 20 healthy subjects was conducted in a crossover design. All participants received a test meal without additional protein or with 28 g of rapeseed protein isolate or soy protein isolate (control). Venous blood samples were collected over a 360-min period to analyze metabolites; satiety was assessed using a visual analog scale. Postprandial levels of lipids, urea, and amino acids increased following the intake of both protein isolates. The postprandial insulin response was lower after consumption of the rapeseed protein than after intake of the soy protein (p< 0.05), whereas the postmeal responses of glucose, lipids, interleukin-6, minerals, and urea were comparable between the two protein isolates. Interestingly, the rapeseed protein exerted stronger effects on postprandial satiety than the soy protein (p< 0.05). The postmeal metabolism following rapeseed protein intake is comparable with that of soy protein. The favorable effect of rapeseed protein on postprandial insulin and satiety makes it a valuable plant protein for human nutrition.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{LehmannZhengRyoetal.2020,
  author    = {Lehmann, Anika and Zheng, Weishuang and Ryo, Masahiro and Soutschek, Katharina and Roy, Julien and Rongstock, Rebecca and Maaß, Stefanie and Rillig, Matthias C.},
  title     = {Fungal traits important for soil aggregation},
  series = {Frontiers in microbiology},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {Frontiers in microbiology},
  publisher = {Frontiers Media},
  address   = {Lausanne},
  issn      = {1664-302X},
  doi       = {10.3389/fmicb.2019.02904},
  pages     = {13},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Soil structure, the complex arrangement of soil into aggregates and pore spaces, is a key feature of soils and soil biota. Among them, filamentous saprobic fungi have well-documented effects on soil aggregation. However, it is unclear what properties, or traits, determine the overall positive effect of fungi on soil aggregation. To achieve progress, it would be helpful to systematically investigate a broad suite of fungal species for their trait expression and the relation of these traits to soil aggregation. Here, we apply a trait-based approach to a set of 15 traits measured under standardized conditions on 31 fungal strains including Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Mucoromycota, all isolated from the same soil. We find large differences among these fungi in their ability to aggregate soil, including neutral to positive effects, and we document large differences in trait expression among strains. We identify biomass density, i.e., the density with which a mycelium grows (positive effects), leucine aminopeptidase activity (negative effects) and phylogeny as important factors explaining differences in soil aggregate formation (SAF) among fungal strains; importantly, growth rate was not among the important traits. Our results point to a typical suite of traits characterizing fungi that are good soil aggregators, and our findings illustrate the power of employing a trait-based approach to unravel biological mechanisms underpinning soil aggregation. Such an approach could now be extended also to other soil biota groups. In an applied context of restoration and agriculture, such trait information can inform management, for example to prioritize practices that favor the expression of more desirable fungal traits.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RilligBielcikChaudharyetal.2020,
  author    = {Rillig, Matthias C. and Bielcik, Milos and Chaudhary, Veer Bala and Gr{\"u}nfeld, Leonie and Maass, Stefanie and Mansour, India and Ryo, Masahiro and Veresoglou, Stavros D.},
  title     = {Ten simple rules for increased lab resilience},
  series = {PLoS Computational Biology : a new community journal},
  volume    = {16},
  journal   = {PLoS Computational Biology : a new community journal},
  number    = {11},
  publisher = {PLoS},
  address   = {San Fransisco},
  issn      = {1553-734X},
  doi       = {10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008313},
  pages     = {5},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {When running a lab we do not think about calamities, since they are rare events for which we cannot plan while we are busy with the day-to-day management and intellectual challenges of a research lab. No lab team can be prepared for something like a pandemic such as COVID-19, which has led to shuttered labs around the globe. But many other types of crises can also arise that labs may have to weather during their lifetime. What can researchers do to make a lab more resilient in the face of such exterior forces? What systems or behaviors could we adjust in 'normal' times that promote lab success, and increase the chances that the lab will stay on its trajectory? We offer 10 rules, based on our current experiences as a lab group adapting to crisis.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{GhahremaniGiese2020,
  author    = {Ghahremani, Sona and Giese, Holger},
  title     = {Evaluation of self-healing systems},
  series = {Computers},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {Computers},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2073-431X},
  doi       = {10.3390/computers9010016},
  pages     = {32},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Evaluating the performance of self-adaptive systems is challenging due to their interactions with often highly dynamic environments. In the specific case of self-healing systems, the performance evaluations of self-healing approaches and their parameter tuning rely on the considered characteristics of failure occurrences and the resulting interactions with the self-healing actions. In this paper, we first study the state-of-the-art for evaluating the performances of self-healing systems by means of a systematic literature review. We provide a classification of different input types for such systems and analyse the limitations of each input type. A main finding is that the employed inputs are often not sophisticated regarding the considered characteristics for failure occurrences. To further study the impact of the identified limitations, we present experiments demonstrating that wrong assumptions regarding the characteristics of the failure occurrences can result in large performance prediction errors, disadvantageous design-time decisions concerning the selection of alternative self-healing approaches, and disadvantageous deployment-time decisions concerning parameter tuning. Furthermore, the experiments indicate that employing multiple alternative input characteristics can help with reducing the risk of premature disadvantageous design-time decisions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{OlayideLargeStridhetal.2020,
  author    = {Olayide, Priscilla and Large, Annabel and Stridh, Linnea and Rabbi, Ismail and Baldermann, Susanne and Stavolone, Livia and Alexandersson, Erik},
  title     = {Gene expression and metabolite profiling of thirteen Nigerian cassava landraces to elucidate starch and carotenoid composition},
  series = {Agronomy},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {Agronomy},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2073-4395},
  doi       = {10.3390/agronomy10030424},
  pages     = {1 -- 16},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The prevalence of vitamin A deficiency in sub-Saharan Africa necessitates effective approaches to improve provitamin A content of major staple crops. Cassava holds much promise for food security in sub-Saharan Africa, but a negative correlation between beta-carotene, a provitamin A carotenoid, and dry matter content has been reported, which poses a challenge to cassava biofortification by conventional breeding. To identify suitable material for genetic transformation in tissue culture with the overall aim to increase beta-carotene and maintain starch content as well as better understand carotenoid composition, root and leaf tissues from thirteen field-grown cassava landraces were analyzed for agronomic traits, carotenoid, chlorophyll, and starch content. The expression of five genes related to carotenoid biosynthesis were determined in selected landraces. Analysis revealed a weak negative correlation between starch and beta-carotene content, whereas there was a strong positive correlation between root yield and many carotenoids including beta-carotene. Carotenoid synthesis genes were expressed in both white and yellow cassava roots, but phytoene synthase 2 (PSY2), lycopene-epsilon-cyclase (LCY epsilon), and beta-carotenoid hydroxylase (CHY beta) expression were generally higher in yellow roots. This study identified lines with reasonably high content of starch and beta-carotene that could be candidates for biofortification by further breeding or plant biotechnological means.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KocPetrowThieken2020,
  author    = {Koc, Gamze and Petrow, Theresia and Thieken, Annegret},
  title     = {Analysis of the most severe flood events in Turkey (1960-2014)},
  series = {Water / Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Water / Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2073-4441},
  doi       = {10.3390/w12061562},
  pages     = {32},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The most severe flood events in Turkey were determined for the period 1960-2014 by considering the number of fatalities, the number of affected people, and the total economic losses as indicators. The potential triggering mechanisms (i.e., atmospheric circulations and precipitation amounts) and aggravating pathways (i.e., topographic features, catchment size, land use types, and soil properties) of these 25 events were analyzed. On this basis, a new approach was developed to identify the main influencing factor per event and to provide additional information for determining the dominant flood occurrence pathways for severe floods. The events were then classified through hierarchical cluster analysis. As a result, six different clusters were found and characterized. Cluster 1 comprised flood events that were mainly influenced by drainage characteristics (e.g., catchment size and shape); Cluster 2 comprised events aggravated predominantly by urbanization; steep topography was identified to be the dominant factor for Cluster 3; extreme rainfall was determined as the main triggering factor for Cluster 4; saturated soil conditions were found to be the dominant factor for Cluster 5; and orographic effects of mountain ranges characterized Cluster 6. This study determined pathway patterns of the severe floods in Turkey with regard to their main causal or aggravating mechanisms. Accordingly, geomorphological properties are of major importance in large catchments in eastern and northeastern Anatolia. In addition, in small catchments, the share of urbanized area seems to be an important factor for the extent of flood impacts. This paper presents an outcome that could be used for future urban planning and flood risk prevention studies to understand the flood mechanisms in different regions of Turkey.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KellermannSchroeterThiekenetal.2020,
  author    = {Kellermann, Patric and Schr{\"o}ter, Kai and Thieken, Annegret and Haubrock, S{\"o}ren-Nils and Kreibich, Heidi},
  title     = {The object-specific flood damage database HOWAS 21},
  series = {Natural hazards and earth system sciences},
  volume    = {20},
  journal   = {Natural hazards and earth system sciences},
  number    = {9},
  publisher = {Copernicus},
  address   = {G{\"o}ttingen},
  issn      = {1561-8633},
  doi       = {10.5194/nhess-20-2503-2020},
  pages     = {2503 -- 2519},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The Flood Damage Database HOWAS 21 contains object-specific flood damage data resulting from fluvial, pluvial and groundwater flooding. The datasets incorporate various variables of flood hazard, exposure, vulnerability and direct tangible damage at properties from several economic sectors. The main purpose of development of HOWAS 21 was to support forensic flood analysis and the derivation of flood damage models. HOWAS 21 was first developed for Germany and currently almost exclusively contains datasets from Germany. However, its scope has recently been enlarged with the aim to serve as an international flood damage database; e.g. its web application is now available in German and English. This paper presents the recent advancements of HOWAS 21 and highlights exemplary analyses to demonstrate the use of HOWAS 21 flood damage data. The data applications indicate a large potential of the database for fostering a better understanding and estimation of the consequences of flooding.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BackhausEngbertRothkegeletal.2020,
  author    = {Backhaus, Daniel and Engbert, Ralf and Rothkegel, Lars Oliver Martin and Trukenbrod, Hans Arne},
  title     = {Task-dependence in scene perception: Head unrestrained viewing using mobile eye-tracking},
  series = {Journal of vision},
  volume    = {20},
  journal   = {Journal of vision},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {Association for Research in Vision and Opthalmology},
  address   = {Rockville},
  issn      = {1534-7362},
  doi       = {10.1167/jov.20.5.3},
  pages     = {1 -- 21},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Real-world scene perception is typically studied in the laboratory using static picture viewing with restrained head position. Consequently, the transfer of results obtained in this paradigm to real-word scenarios has been questioned. The advancement of mobile eye-trackers and the progress in image processing, however, permit a more natural experimental setup that, at the same time, maintains the high experimental control from the standard laboratory setting. We investigated eye movements while participants were standing in front of a projector screen and explored images under four specific task instructions. Eye movements were recorded with a mobile eye-tracking device and raw gaze data were transformed from head-centered into image-centered coordinates. We observed differences between tasks in temporal and spatial eye-movement parameters and found that the bias to fixate images near the center differed between tasks. Our results demonstrate that current mobile eye-tracking technology and a highly controlled design support the study of fine-scaled task dependencies in an experimental setting that permits more natural viewing behavior than the static picture viewing paradigm.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KarKoerzdoerfer2020,
  author    = {Kar, Manaswita and K{\"o}rzd{\"o}rfer, Thomas},
  title     = {Computational high throughput screening of inorganic cation based halide perovskites for perovskite only tandem solar cells},
  series = {Materials Research Express},
  volume    = {7},
  journal   = {Materials Research Express},
  number    = {5},
  publisher = {IOP Publ. Ltd.},
  address   = {Bristol},
  issn      = {2053-1591},
  doi       = {10.1088/2053-1591/ab8c0d},
  pages     = {1 -- 10},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {We search for homovalent alternatives for A, B, and X-ions in ABX(3) type inorganic halide perovskites suitable for tandem solar cell applications. We replace the conventional A-site organic cation CH3NH3, by 3 inorganic cations, Cs, K, and Rb, and the B site consists of metals; Cd, Hg, Ge, Pb, and Sn This work is built on our previous high throughput screening of hybrid perovskite materials (Kar et al 2018 J. Chem. Phys. 149, 214701). By performing a systematic screening study using Density Functional Theory (DFT) methods, we found 11 suitable candidates; 2 Cs-based, 3 K-based and 6 Rb-based that are suitable for tandem solar cell applications.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BrillPassuniPinedaEspichanCuyaetal.2020,
  author    = {Brill, Fabio Alexander and Passuni Pineda, Silvia and Espichan Cuya, Bruno and Kreibich, Heidi},
  title     = {A data-mining approach towards damage modelling for El Nino events in Peru},
  series = {Geomatics, natural hazards and risk},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Geomatics, natural hazards and risk},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group},
  address   = {Abingdon},
  issn      = {1947-5705},
  doi       = {10.1080/19475705.2020.1818636},
  pages     = {1966 -- 1990},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Compound natural hazards likeEl Ninoevents cause high damage to society, which to manage requires reliable risk assessments. Damage modelling is a prerequisite for quantitative risk estimations, yet many procedures still rely on expert knowledge, and empirical studies investigating damage from compound natural hazards hardly exist. A nationwide building survey in Peru after theEl Ninoevent 2017 - which caused intense rainfall, ponding water, flash floods and landslides - enables us to apply data-mining methods for statistical groundwork, using explanatory features generated from remote sensing products and open data. We separate regions of different dominant characteristics through unsupervised clustering, and investigate feature importance rankings for classifying damage via supervised machine learning. Besides the expected effect of precipitation, the classification algorithms select the topographic wetness index as most important feature, especially in low elevation areas. The slope length and steepness factor ranks high for mountains and canyons. Partial dependence plots further hint at amplified vulnerability in rural areas. An example of an empirical damage probability map, developed with a random forest model, is provided to demonstrate the technical feasibility.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{ZozulyaKullerudRibackietal.2020,
  author    = {Zozulya, Dmitry R. and Kullerud, Kare and Ribacki, Enrico and Altenberger, Uwe and Sudo, Masafumi and Savchenko, Yevgeny E.},
  title     = {The newly discovered neoproterozoic aillikite occurrence in Vinoren (Southern Norway)},
  series = {Minerals},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {Minerals},
  number    = {11},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2075-163X},
  doi       = {10.3390/min10111029},
  pages     = {26},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {During the period 750-600 Ma ago, prior to the final break-up of the supercontinent Rodinia, the crust of both the North American Craton and Baltica was intruded by significant amounts of rift-related magmas originating from the mantle. In the Proterozoic crust of Southern Norway, the 580 Ma old Fen carbonatite-ultramafic complex is a representative of this type of rocks. In this paper, we report the occurrence of an ultramafic lamprophyre dyke which possibly is linked to the Fen complex, although Ar-40/Ar-39 data from phenocrystic phlogopite from the dyke gave an age of 686 +/- 9 Ma. The lamprophyre dyke was recently discovered in one of the Kongsberg silver mines at Vinoren, Norway. Whole rock geochemistry, geochronological and mineralogical data from the ultramafic lamprophyre dyke are presented aiming to elucidate its origin and possible geodynamic setting. From the whole-rock composition of the Vinoren dyke, the rock could be recognized as transitional between carbonatite and kimberlite-II (orangeite). From its diagnostic mineralogy, the rock is classified as aillikite. The compositions and xenocrystic nature of several of the major and accessory minerals from the Vinoren aillikite are characteristic for diamondiferous rocks (kimberlites/lamproites/UML): Phlogopite with kinoshitalite-rich rims, chromite-spinel-ulvospinel series, Mg- and Mn-rich ilmenites, rutile and lucasite-(Ce). We suggest that the aillikite melt formed during partial melting of a MARID (mica-amphibole-rutile-ilmenite-diopside)-like source under CO2 fluxing. The pre-rifting geodynamic setting of the Vinoren aillikite before the Rodinia supercontinent breakup suggests a relatively thick SCLM (Subcontinental Lithospheric Mantle) during this stage and might indicate a diamond-bearing source for the parental melt. This is in contrast to the about 100 Ma younger Fen complex, which were derived from a thin SCLM.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KrmičekTimmermanZiemannetal.2020,
  author    = {Krm{\´i}ček, Luk{\´a}š and Timmerman, Martin Jan and Ziemann, Martin Andreas and Sudo, Masafumi and Ulrych, Jaromir},
  title     = {40Ar/39Ar step-heating dating of phlogopite and kaersutite megacrysts from the Železn{\´a} hůrka (Eisenb{\"u}hl) Pleistocene scoria cone, Czech Republic},
  series = {Geologica Carpathica},
  volume    = {71},
  journal   = {Geologica Carpathica},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Veda},
  address   = {Bratislava},
  issn      = {1335-0552},
  doi       = {10.31577/GeolCarp.71.4.6},
  pages     = {382 -- 387},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {(40)A/Ar-39 step-heating of mica and amphibole megacrysts from hauyne-bearing olivine melilitite scoria/tephra from the Zelezna hurka yielded a 435 +/- 108 ka isotope correlation age for phlogopite and a more imprecise 1.55 Ma total gas age of the kaersutite megacryst. The amphibole megacrysts may constitute the first, and the younger phlogopite megacrysts the later phase of mafic, hydrous melilitic magma crystallization. It cannot be ruled out that the amphibole megacrysts are petrogenetically unrelated to tephra and phlogopite megacrysts and were derived from mantle xenoliths or disaggregated older, deep crustal pegmatites. This is in line both with the rarity of amphibole at Zelezna hurka and with the observed signs of magmatic resorption at the edges of amphibole crystals.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MeiXuPriestleyetal.2020,
  author    = {Mei, Shilin and Xu, Xiaohui and Priestley, Rodney D. and Lu, Yan},
  title     = {Polydopamine-based nanoreactors: synthesis and applications in bioscience and energy materials},
  series = {Chemical science},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Chemical science},
  number    = {45},
  publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry},
  address   = {Cambridge},
  issn      = {2041-6520},
  doi       = {10.1039/d0sc04486e},
  pages     = {12269 -- 12281},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Polydopamine (PDA)-based nanoreactors have shown exceptional promise as multifunctional materials due to their nanoscale dimensions and sub-microliter volumes for reactions of different systems. Biocompatibility, abundance of active sites, and excellent photothermal conversion have facilitated their extensive use in bioscience and energy storage/conversion. This minireview summarizes recent advances in PDA-based nanoreactors, as applied to the abovementioned fields. We first highlight the design and synthesis of functional PDA-based nanoreactors with structural and compositional diversity. Special emphasis in bioscience has been given to drug/protein delivery, photothermal therapy, and antibacterial properties, while for energy-related applications, the focus is on electrochemical energy storage, catalysis, and solar energy harvesting. In addition, perspectives on pressing challenges and future research opportunities regarding PDA-based nanoreactors are discussed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PradhanKropp2020,
  author    = {Pradhan, Prajal and Kropp, J{\"u}rgen},
  title     = {Interplay between diets, health, and climate change},
  series = {Sustainability},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Sustainability},
  number    = {9},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel},
  issn      = {2071-1050},
  doi       = {10.3390/su12093878},
  pages     = {14},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {The world is facing a triple burden of undernourishment, obesity, and environmental impacts from agriculture while nourishing its population. This burden makes sustainable nourishment of the growing population a global challenge. Addressing this challenge requires an understanding of the interplay between diets, health, and associated environmental impacts (e.g., climate change). For this, we identify 11 typical diets that represent dietary habits worldwide for the last five decades. Plant-source foods provide most of all three macronutrients (carbohydrates, protein, and fat) in developing countries. In contrast, animal-source foods provide a majority of protein and fat in developed ones. The identified diets deviate from the recommended healthy diet with either too much (e.g., red meat) or too little (e.g., fruits and vegetables) food and nutrition supply. The total calorie supplies are lower than required for two diets. Sugar consumption is higher than recommended for five diets. Three and five diets consist of larger-than-recommended carbohydrate and fat shares, respectively. Four diets with a large share of animal-source foods exceed the recommended value of red meat. Only two diets consist of at least 400 gm/cap/day of fruits and vegetables while accounting for food waste. Prevalence of undernourishment and underweight dominates in the diets with lower calories. In comparison, a higher prevalence of obesity is observed for diets with higher calories with high shares of sugar, fat, and animal-source foods. However, embodied emissions in the diets do not show a clear relation with calorie supplies and compositions. Two high-calorie diets embody more than 1.5 t CO<mml:semantics>2</mml:semantics>eq/cap/yr, and two low-calorie diets embody around 1 t CO<mml:semantics>2</mml:semantics>eq/cap/yr. Our analysis highlights that sustainable and healthy diets can serve the purposes of both nourishing the population and, at the same time, reducing the environmental impacts of agriculture.},
  language  = {en}
}