@article{MatternPudellLaskinetal.2021, author = {Mattern, Maximilian and Pudell, Jan-Etienne and Laskin, Gennadii and Reppert, Alexander von and Bargheer, Matias}, title = {Analysis of the temperature- and fluence-dependent magnetic stress in laser-excited SrRuO3}, series = {Structural dynamics}, volume = {8}, journal = {Structural dynamics}, number = {2}, publisher = {AIP Publishing LLC}, address = {Melville, NY}, issn = {2329-7778}, doi = {10.1063/4.0000072}, pages = {9}, year = {2021}, abstract = {We use ultrafast x-ray diffraction to investigate the effect of expansive phononic and contractive magnetic stress driving the picosecond strain response of a metallic perovskite SrRuO3 thin film upon femtosecond laser excitation. We exemplify how the anisotropic bulk equilibrium thermal expansion can be used to predict the response of the thin film to ultrafast deposition of energy. It is key to consider that the laterally homogeneous laser excitation changes the strain response compared to the near-equilibrium thermal expansion because the balanced in-plane stresses suppress the Poisson stress on the picosecond timescale. We find a very large negative Gr{\"u}neisen constant describing the large contractive stress imposed by a small amount of energy in the spin system. The temperature and fluence dependence of the strain response for a double-pulse excitation scheme demonstrates the saturation of the magnetic stress in the high-fluence regime.}, language = {en} } @article{KocPetrowThieken2020, author = {Ko{\c{c}}, Gamze and Petrow, Theresia and Thieken, Annegret}, title = {Analysis of the Most Severe Flood Events in Turkey (1960-2014)}, series = {Water}, volume = {12}, journal = {Water}, number = {6}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2073-4441}, doi = {10.3390/w12061562}, pages = {32}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The most severe flood events in Turkey were determined for the period 1960-2014 by considering the number of fatalities, the number of affected people, and the total economic losses as indicators. The potential triggering mechanisms (i.e., atmospheric circulations and precipitation amounts) and aggravating pathways (i.e., topographic features, catchment size, land use types, and soil properties) of these 25 events were analyzed. On this basis, a new approach was developed to identify the main influencing factor per event and to provide additional information for determining the dominant flood occurrence pathways for severe floods. The events were then classified through hierarchical cluster analysis. As a result, six different clusters were found and characterized. Cluster 1 comprised flood events that were mainly influenced by drainage characteristics (e.g., catchment size and shape); Cluster 2 comprised events aggravated predominantly by urbanization; steep topography was identified to be the dominant factor for Cluster 3; extreme rainfall was determined as the main triggering factor for Cluster 4; saturated soil conditions were found to be the dominant factor for Cluster 5; and orographic effects of mountain ranges characterized Cluster 6. This study determined pathway patterns of the severe floods in Turkey with regard to their main causal or aggravating mechanisms. Accordingly, geomorphological properties are of major importance in large catchments in eastern and northeastern Anatolia. In addition, in small catchments, the share of urbanized area seems to be an important factor for the extent of flood impacts. This paper presents an outcome that could be used for future urban planning and flood risk prevention studies to understand the flood mechanisms in different regions of Turkey.}, language = {en} } @article{KocPetrowThieken2020, author = {Koc, Gamze and Petrow, Theresia and Thieken, Annegret}, title = {Analysis of the most severe flood events in Turkey (1960-2014)}, series = {Water / Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)}, volume = {12}, journal = {Water / Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)}, number = {6}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2073-4441}, doi = {10.3390/w12061562}, pages = {32}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The most severe flood events in Turkey were determined for the period 1960-2014 by considering the number of fatalities, the number of affected people, and the total economic losses as indicators. The potential triggering mechanisms (i.e., atmospheric circulations and precipitation amounts) and aggravating pathways (i.e., topographic features, catchment size, land use types, and soil properties) of these 25 events were analyzed. On this basis, a new approach was developed to identify the main influencing factor per event and to provide additional information for determining the dominant flood occurrence pathways for severe floods. The events were then classified through hierarchical cluster analysis. As a result, six different clusters were found and characterized. Cluster 1 comprised flood events that were mainly influenced by drainage characteristics (e.g., catchment size and shape); Cluster 2 comprised events aggravated predominantly by urbanization; steep topography was identified to be the dominant factor for Cluster 3; extreme rainfall was determined as the main triggering factor for Cluster 4; saturated soil conditions were found to be the dominant factor for Cluster 5; and orographic effects of mountain ranges characterized Cluster 6. This study determined pathway patterns of the severe floods in Turkey with regard to their main causal or aggravating mechanisms. Accordingly, geomorphological properties are of major importance in large catchments in eastern and northeastern Anatolia. In addition, in small catchments, the share of urbanized area seems to be an important factor for the extent of flood impacts. This paper presents an outcome that could be used for future urban planning and flood risk prevention studies to understand the flood mechanisms in different regions of Turkey.}, language = {en} } @article{SchindlerMoldenhawerStangeetal.2021, author = {Schindler, Daniel and Moldenhawer, Ted and Stange, Maike and Lepro, Valentino and Beta, Carsten and Holschneider, Matthias and Huisinga, Wilhelm}, title = {Analysis of protrusion dynamics in amoeboid cell motility by means of regularized contour flows}, series = {PLoS Computational Biology : a new community journal}, volume = {17}, journal = {PLoS Computational Biology : a new community journal}, number = {8}, publisher = {PLoS}, address = {San Fransisco}, issn = {1553-734X}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009268}, pages = {33}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Amoeboid cell motility is essential for a wide range of biological processes including wound healing, embryonic morphogenesis, and cancer metastasis. It relies on complex dynamical patterns of cell shape changes that pose long-standing challenges to mathematical modeling and raise a need for automated and reproducible approaches to extract quantitative morphological features from image sequences. Here, we introduce a theoretical framework and a computational method for obtaining smooth representations of the spatiotemporal contour dynamics from stacks of segmented microscopy images. Based on a Gaussian process regression we propose a one-parameter family of regularized contour flows that allows us to continuously track reference points (virtual markers) between successive cell contours. We use this approach to define a coordinate system on the moving cell boundary and to represent different local geometric quantities in this frame of reference. In particular, we introduce the local marker dispersion as a measure to identify localized membrane expansions and provide a fully automated way to extract the properties of such expansions, including their area and growth time. The methods are available as an open-source software package called AmoePy, a Python-based toolbox for analyzing amoeboid cell motility (based on time-lapse microscopy data), including a graphical user interface and detailed documentation. Due to the mathematical rigor of our framework, we envision it to be of use for the development of novel cell motility models. We mainly use experimental data of the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum to illustrate and validate our approach.
Author summary Amoeboid motion is a crawling-like cell migration that plays an important key role in multiple biological processes such as wound healing and cancer metastasis. This type of cell motility results from expanding and simultaneously contracting parts of the cell membrane. From fluorescence images, we obtain a sequence of points, representing the cell membrane, for each time step. By using regression analysis on these sequences, we derive smooth representations, so-called contours, of the membrane. Since the number of measurements is discrete and often limited, the question is raised of how to link consecutive contours with each other. In this work, we present a novel mathematical framework in which these links are described by regularized flows allowing a certain degree of concentration or stretching of neighboring reference points on the same contour. This stretching rate, the so-called local dispersion, is used to identify expansions and contractions of the cell membrane providing a fully automated way of extracting properties of these cell shape changes. We applied our methods to time-lapse microscopy data of the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum.}, language = {en} } @article{ArkesAbereggArpin2022, author = {Arkes, Hal R. and Aberegg, Scott K. and Arpin, Kevin A.}, title = {Analysis of physicians' probability estimates of a medical outcome based on a sequence of events}, series = {JAMA network open / American Medical Association}, volume = {5}, journal = {JAMA network open / American Medical Association}, number = {6}, publisher = {American Veterinary Medical Association}, address = {Chicago}, issn = {2574-3805}, doi = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.18804}, pages = {10}, year = {2022}, abstract = {IMPORTANCE The probability of a conjunction of 2 independent events is the product of the probabilities of the 2 components and therefore cannot exceed the probability of either component; violation of this basic law is called the conjunction fallacy. A common medical decision-making scenario involves estimating the probability of a final outcome resulting from a sequence of independent events; however, little is known about physicians' ability to accurately estimate the overall probability of success in these situations. OBJECTIVE To ascertain whether physicians are able to correctly estimate the overall probability of a medical outcome resulting from 2 independent events. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This survey study consisted of 3 separate substudies, in which 215 physicians were asked via internet-based survey to estimate the probability of success of each of 2 components of a diagnostic or prognostic sequence as well as the overall probability of success of the 2-step sequence. Substudy 1 was performed from April 2 to 4, 2021, substudy 2 from November 2 toll, 2021, and substudy 3 from May 13 to 19, 2021. All physicians were board certified or board eligible in the primary specialty germane to the substudy (ie, obstetrics and gynecology for substudies land 3 and pulmonology for substudy 2), were recruited from a commercial survey service, and volunteered to participate in the study. EXPOSURES Case scenarios presented in an online survey. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Respondents were asked to provide their demographic information in addition to 3 probability estimates. The first substudy included a scenario describing a brow presentation discovered during labor; the 2 conjuncts were the probabilities that the brow presentation would resolve and that the delivery would be vaginal. The second substudy involved a diagnostic evaluation of an incidentally discovered pulmonary nodule; the 2 conjuncts were the probabilities that the patient had a malignant condition and that a technically successful transthoracic needle biopsy would reveal a malignant condition. The third substudy included a modification of the first substudy in an attempt to debias the conjunction fallacy prevalent in the first substudy. Respondents' own probability estimates of the individual events were used to calculate the mathematically correct conjunctive probability. RESULTS Among 215 respondents, the mean (SD) age was 54.0 (9.5) years; 142 respondents (66.0\%) were male. Data on race and ethnicity were not collected. A total of 168 physicians (78.1\%) estimated the probability of the 2-step sequence to be greater than the probability of at least 1 of the 2 component events. Compared with the product of their 2 estimated components, respondents overestimated the combined probability by 12.8\% (95\% CI, 9.6\%-16.1\%; P < .001) in substudy 1, 19.8\% (95\% Cl, 16.6\%-23.0\%; P < .001) in substudy 2, and 18.0\% (95\% CI, 13.4\%-22.5\%; P < .001) in substudy 3, results that were mathematically incoherent (ie, formally illogical and mathematically incorrect). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this survey study of 215 physicians, respondents consistently overestimated the combined probability of 2 events compared with the probability calculated from their own estimates of the individual events. This biased estimation, consistent with the conjunction fallacy, may have substantial implications for diagnostic and prognostic decision-making.}, language = {en} } @article{SchenkeSchjeidePuescheletal.2020, author = {Schenke, Maren and Schjeide, Brit-Maren and P{\"u}schel, Gerhard Paul and Seeger, Bettina}, title = {Analysis of motor neurons differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells for the use in cell-based Botulinum neurotoxin activity assays}, series = {Toxins}, volume = {12}, journal = {Toxins}, number = {5}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2072-6651}, doi = {10.3390/toxins12050276}, pages = {20}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are potent neurotoxins produced by bacteria, which inhibit neurotransmitter release, specifically in their physiological target known as motor neurons (MNs). For the potency assessment of BoNTs produced for treatment in traditional and aesthetic medicine, the mouse lethality assay is still used by the majority of manufacturers, which is ethically questionable in terms of the 3Rs principle. In this study, MNs were differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells based on three published protocols. The resulting cell populations were analyzed for their MN yield and their suitability for the potency assessment of BoNTs. MNs produce specific gangliosides and synaptic proteins, which are bound by BoNTs in order to be taken up by receptor-mediated endocytosis, which is followed by cleavage of specific soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive-factor attachment receptor (SNARE) proteins required for neurotransmitter release. The presence of receptors and substrates for all BoNT serotypes was demonstrated in MNs generated in vitro. In particular, the MN differentiation protocol based on Du et al. yielded high numbers of MNs in a short amount of time with high expression of BoNT receptors and targets. The resulting cells are more sensitive to BoNT/A1 than the commonly used neuroblastoma cell line SiMa. MNs are, therefore, an ideal tool for being combined with already established detection methods.}, language = {en} } @article{MilewskiChabrillatBehling2017, author = {Milewski, Robert and Chabrillat, Sabine and Behling, Robert}, title = {Analyses of Recent Sediment Surface Dynamic of a Namibian Kalahari Salt Pan Based on Multitemporal Landsat and Hyperspectral Hyperion Data}, series = {Remote Sensing}, volume = {9}, journal = {Remote Sensing}, number = {2}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2072-4292}, doi = {10.3390/rs9020170}, pages = {24}, year = {2017}, abstract = {This study combines spaceborne multitemporal and hyperspectral data to analyze the spatial distribution of surface evaporite minerals and changes in a semi-arid depositional environment associated with episodic flooding events, the Omongwa salt pan (Kalahari, Namibia). The dynamic of the surface crust is evaluated by a change-detection approach using the Iterative-reweighted Multivariate Alteration Detection (IR-MAD) based on the Landsat archive imagery from 1984 to 2015. The results show that the salt pan is a highly dynamic and heterogeneous landform. A change gradient is observed from very stable pan border to a highly dynamic central pan. On the basis of hyperspectral EO-1 Hyperion images, the current distribution of surface evaporite minerals is characterized using Spectral Mixture Analysis (SMA). Assessment of field and image endmembers revealed that the pan surface can be categorized into three major crust types based on diagnostic absorption features and mineralogical ground truth data. The mineralogical crust types are related to different zones of surface change as well as pan morphology that influences brine flow during the pan inundation and desiccation cycles. These combined information are used to spatially map depositional environments where the more dynamic halite crust concentrates in lower areas although stable gypsum and calcite/sepiolite crusts appear in higher elevated areas.}, language = {en} } @article{MilewskiChabrillatBookhagen2020, author = {Milewski, Robert and Chabrillat, Sabine and Bookhagen, Bodo}, title = {Analyses of Namibian Seasonal Salt Pan Crust Dynamics and Climatic Drivers Using Landsat 8 Time-Series and Ground Data}, series = {Remote Sensing}, journal = {Remote Sensing}, number = {3}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2072-4292}, doi = {10.3390/rs12030474}, pages = {24}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Salt pans are highly dynamic environments that are difficult to study by in situ methods because of their harsh climatic conditions and large spatial areas. Remote sensing can help to elucidate their environmental dynamics and provide important constraints regarding their sedimentological, mineralogical, and hydrological evolution. This study utilizes spaceborne multitemporal multispectral optical data combined with spectral endmembers to document spatial distribution of surface crust types over time on the Omongwa pan located in the Namibian Kalahari. For this purpose, 49 surface samples were collected for spectral and mineralogical characterization during three field campaigns (2014-2016) reflecting different seasons and surface conditions of the salt pan. An approach was developed to allow the spatiotemporal analysis of the salt pan crust dynamics in a dense time-series consisting of 77 Landsat 8 cloud-free scenes between 2014 and 2017, covering at least three major wet-dry cycles. The established spectral analysis technique Sequential Maximum Angle Convex Cone (SMACC) extraction method was used to derive image endmembers from the Landsat time-series stack. Evaluation of the extracted endmember set revealed that the multispectral data allowed the differentiation of four endmembers associated with mineralogical mixtures of the crust's composition in dry conditions and three endmembers associated with flooded or muddy pan conditions. The dry crust endmember spectra have been identified in relation to visible, near infrared, and short-wave infrared (VNIR-SWIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses of the collected surface samples. According these results, the spectral endmembers are interpreted as efflorescent halite crust, mixed halite-gypsum crust, mixed calcite quartz sepiolite crust, and gypsum crust. For each Landsat scene the spatial distribution of these crust types was mapped with the Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) method and significant spatiotemporal dynamics of the major surface crust types were observed. Further, the surface crust dynamics were analyzed in comparison with the pan's moisture regime and other climatic parameters. The results show that the crust dynamics are mainly driven by flooding events in the wet season, but are also influenced by temperature and aeolian activity in the dry season. The approach utilized in this study combines the advantages of multitemporal satellite data for temporal event characterization with advantages from hyperspectral methods for the image and ground data analyses that allow improved mineralogical differentiation and characterization.}, language = {en} } @misc{Degen2023, author = {Degen, Andreas}, title = {Analyse visueller Wahrnehmungsqualit{\"a}ten von Lyrik}, series = {Textpraxis : digitales Journal f{\"u}r Philologie / Sonderausgabe}, volume = {7}, journal = {Textpraxis : digitales Journal f{\"u}r Philologie / Sonderausgabe}, number = {2}, publisher = {Westf{\"a}lische Wilhelms-Universit{\"a}t}, address = {M{\"u}nster}, issn = {2191-8236}, doi = {10.17879/19958489288}, pages = {4}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Das Projekt besch{\"a}ftigt sich mit der visuellen Wirkungsdimension von Lyrik und der M{\"o}glichkeit ihrer analytischen Beschreibung. Daf{\"u}r werden die Anordnung von Versen und W{\"o}rtern, Auszeichnungen und andere typographische Strukturen von nicht experimentellen Gedichten seit Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts im Rahmen von Modellanalysen untersucht.}, language = {de} } @article{ThomasCarvalhoHaileetal.2017, author = {Thomas, Jessica E. and Carvalho, Gary R. and Haile, James and Martin, Michael D. and Castruita, Jose A. Samaniego and Niemann, Jonas and Sinding, Mikkel-Holger S. and Sandoval-Velasco, Marcela and Rawlence, Nicolas J. and Fuller, Errol and Fjeldsa, Jon and Hofreiter, Michael and Stewart, John R. and Gilbert, M. Thomas P. and Knapp, Michael}, title = {An ‛Aukward' tale}, series = {Genes}, volume = {8}, journal = {Genes}, number = {6}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2073-4425}, doi = {10.3390/genes8060164}, pages = {164}, year = {2017}, abstract = {One hundred and seventy-three years ago, the last two Great Auks, Pinguinus impennis, ever reliably seen were killed. Their internal organs can be found in the collections of the Natural History Museum of Denmark, but the location of their skins has remained a mystery. In 1999, Great Auk expert Errol Fuller proposed a list of five potential candidate skins in museums around the world. Here we take a palaeogenomic approach to test which—if any—of Fuller's candidate skins likely belong to either of the two birds. Using mitochondrial genomes from the five candidate birds (housed in museums in Bremen, Brussels, Kiel, Los Angeles, and Oldenburg) and the organs of the last two known individuals, we partially solve the mystery that has been on Great Auk scholars' minds for generations and make new suggestions as to the whereabouts of the still-missing skin from these two birds.}, language = {en} } @article{QinFaassNiedermeier2020, author = {Qin, Xia and Faaß, Marcel and Niedermeier, Frank}, title = {An Overview of the 'National Multiplication Trainings' Programme}, series = {Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Hochschulforschung}, journal = {Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Hochschulforschung}, number = {5}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-496-8}, issn = {2192-1075}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-49334}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-493344}, pages = {17 -- 35}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The article introduces the efforts exerted to initiate multiplication of the DIES training courses to a wider audience of higher education managers and academics in the target regions. The DIES 'National Multiplication Trainings' Programme has supported three cohorts of alumni teams so far to implement national training courses in the area of higher education leadership and management. The article sets the context of this publication and reflects on the main evaluation results of the programme implementation itself.}, language = {en} } @article{HeHoeperDodenhoeftetal.2020, author = {He, Hai and H{\"o}per, Rune and Dodenh{\"o}ft, Moritz and Marli{\`e}re, Philippe and Bar-Even, Arren}, title = {An optimized methanol assimilation pathway relying on promiscuous formaldehyde-condensing aldolases in E. coli}, series = {Metabolic Engineering}, volume = {60}, journal = {Metabolic Engineering}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam [u.a.]}, issn = {1096-7176}, doi = {10.1016/j.ymben.2020.03.002}, pages = {1 -- 13}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Engineering biotechnological microorganisms to use methanol as a feedstock for bioproduction is a major goal for the synthetic metabolism community. Here, we aim to redesign the natural serine cycle for implementation in E. coli. We propose the homoserine cycle, relying on two promiscuous formaldehyde aldolase reactions, as a superior pathway design. The homoserine cycle is expected to outperform the serine cycle and its variants with respect to biomass yield, thermodynamic favorability, and integration with host endogenous metabolism. Even as compared to the RuMP cycle, the most efficient naturally occurring methanol assimilation route, the homoserine cycle is expected to support higher yields of a wide array of products. We test the in vivo feasibility of the homoserine cycle by constructing several E. coli gene deletion strains whose growth is coupled to the activity of different pathway segments. Using this approach, we demonstrate that all required promiscuous enzymes are active enough to enable growth of the auxotrophic strains. Our findings thus identify a novel metabolic solution that opens the way to an optimized methylotrophic platform.}, language = {en} } @book{BaltzerHradilakPfennigschmidtetal.2021, author = {Baltzer, Wanda and Hradilak, Theresa and Pfennigschmidt, Lara and Prestin, Luc Maurice and Spranger, Moritz and Stadlinger, Simon and Wendt, Leo and Lincke, Jens and Rein, Patrick and Church, Luke and Hirschfeld, Robert}, title = {An individual-centered approach to visualize people's opinions and demographic information}, number = {136}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-504-0}, issn = {1613-5652}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-49145}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-491457}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {326}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The noble way to substantiate decisions that affect many people is to ask these people for their opinions. For governments that run whole countries, this means asking all citizens for their views to consider their situations and needs. Organizations such as Africa's Voices Foundation, who want to facilitate communication between decision-makers and citizens of a country, have difficulty mediating between these groups. To enable understanding, statements need to be summarized and visualized. Accomplishing these goals in a way that does justice to the citizens' voices and situations proves challenging. Standard charts do not help this cause as they fail to create empathy for the people behind their graphical abstractions. Furthermore, these charts do not create trust in the data they are representing as there is no way to see or navigate back to the underlying code and the original data. To fulfill these functions, visualizations would highly benefit from interactions to explore the displayed data, which standard charts often only limitedly provide. To help improve the understanding of people's voices, we developed and categorized 80 ideas for new visualizations, new interactions, and better connections between different charts, which we present in this report. From those ideas, we implemented 10 prototypes and two systems that integrate different visualizations. We show that this integration allows consistent appearance and behavior of visualizations. The visualizations all share the same main concept: representing each individual with a single dot. To realize this idea, we discuss technologies that efficiently allow the rendering of a large number of these dots. With these visualizations, direct interactions with representations of individuals are achievable by clicking on them or by dragging a selection around them. This direct interaction is only possible with a bidirectional connection from the visualization to the data it displays. We discuss different strategies for bidirectional mappings and the trade-offs involved. Having unified behavior across visualizations enhances exploration. For our prototypes, that includes grouping, filtering, highlighting, and coloring of dots. Our prototyping work was enabled by the development environment Lively4. We explain which parts of Lively4 facilitated our prototyping process. Finally, we evaluate our approach to domain problems and our developed visualization concepts. Our work provides inspiration and a starting point for visualization development in this domain. Our visualizations can improve communication between citizens and their government and motivate empathetic decisions. Our approach, combining low-level entities to create visualizations, provides value to an explorative and empathetic workflow. We show that the design space for visualizing this kind of data has a lot of potential and that it is possible to combine qualitative and quantitative approaches to data analysis.}, language = {en} } @article{HoanRichterBorsigetal.2022, author = {Hoan, Tran Viet and Richter, Karl-Gerd and Borsig, Nicolas and Bauer, Jonas and Ha, Nguyen Thi and Norra, Stefan}, title = {An improved groundwater model framework for aquifer structures of the quaternary-formed sediment body in the southernmost parts of the Mekong Delta, Vietnam}, series = {Hydrology : open access journal}, volume = {9}, journal = {Hydrology : open access journal}, number = {4}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2306-5338}, doi = {10.3390/hydrology9040061}, pages = {20}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The Ca Mau peninsula (CMP) is a key economic region in southern Vietnam. In recent decades, the high demand for water has increased the exploitation of groundwater, thus lowering the groundwater level and leading to risks of degradation, depletion, and land subsidence, as well as salinity intrusion in the groundwater of the whole Mekong Delta region. By using a finite element groundwater model with boundary expansion to the sea, we updated the latest data on hydrogeological profiles, groundwater levels, and exploitation. The basic model setup covers seven aquifers and seven aquitards. It is determined that the inflow along the coastline to the mainland is 39\% of the total inflow. The exploitation of the study area in 2019 was 567,364 m(3)/day. The most exploited aquifers are the upper-middle Pleistocene (qp(2-3)) and the middle Pliocene (n(2)(2)), accounting for 63.7\% and 24.6\%, respectively; the least exploited aquifers are the upper Pleistocene and the upper Miocene, accounting for 0.35\% and 0.02\%, respectively. In the deeper aquifers, qp(2-3) and n(2)(2), the change in storage is negative due to the high exploitation rate, leading to a decline in the reserves of these aquifers. These groundwater model results are the calculations of groundwater reserves from the coast to the mainland in the entire system of aquifers in the CMP. This makes groundwater decision managers, stakeholders, and others more efficient in sustainable water resources planning in the CMP and Mekong Delta (MKD).}, language = {en} } @article{NakoudiStachlewskaRitter2021, author = {Nakoudi, Konstantina and Stachlewska, Iwona S. and Ritter, Christoph}, title = {An extended lidar-based cirrus cloud retrieval scheme}, series = {Optics express : the international electronic journal of optics / Optica}, volume = {29}, journal = {Optics express : the international electronic journal of optics / Optica}, number = {6}, publisher = {Optical Society of America}, address = {Washington}, issn = {1094-4087}, doi = {10.1364/OE.414770}, pages = {8553 -- 8580}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Accurate and precise characterization of cirrus cloud geometrical and optical properties is essential for better constraining their radiative footprint. A lidar-based retrieval scheme is proposed here, with its performance assessed on fine spatio-temporal observations over the Arctic site of Ny-Alesund, Svalbard. Two contributions related to cirrus geometrical (dynamic Wavelet Covariance Transform (WCT)) and optical properties (constrained Klett) are reported. The dynamic WCT rendered cirrus detection more robust, especially for thin cirrus layers that frequently remained undetected by the classical WCT method. Regarding optical characterization, we developed an iterative scheme for determining the cirrus lidar ratio (LRci) that is a crucial parameter for aerosol - cloud discrimination. Building upon the Klett-Fernald method, the LRci was constrained by an additional reference value. In established methods, such as the double-ended Klett, an aerosol-free reference value is applied. In the proposed constrained Klett, however, the reference value was approximated from cloud-free or low cloud optical depth (COD up to 0.2) profiles and proved to agree with independent Raman estimates. For optically thin cirrus, the constrained Klett inherent uncertainties reached 50\% (60-74\%) in terms of COD (LRci). However, for opaque cirrus COD (LRci) uncertainties were lower than 10\% (15\%). The detection method discrepancies (dynamic versus static WCT) had a higher impact on the optical properties of low COD layers (up to 90\%) compared to optically thicker ones (less than 10\%). The constrained Klett presented high agreement with two established retrievals. For an exemplary cirrus cloud, the constrained Klett estimated the COD355 (LRci355) at 0.28 +/- 0.17 (29 +/- 4 sr), the double-ended Klett at 0.27 +/- 0.15 (32 +/- 4 sr) and the Raman retrievals at 0.22 +/- 0.12 (26 +/- 11 sr). Our approach to determine the necessary reference value can also be applied in established methods and increase their accuracy. In contrast, the classical aerosol-free assumption led to 44 sr LRci overestimation in optically thin layers and 2-8 sr in thicker ones. The multiple scattering effect was corrected using Eloranta (1998) and accounted for 50-60\% extinction underestimation near the cloud base and 20-30\% within the cirrus layers.}, language = {en} } @article{WarschburgerWortmannGischetal.2022, author = {Warschburger, Petra and Wortmann, Hanna Rosalie and Gisch, Ulrike Alexandra and Baer, Nadja-Raphaela and Schenk, Liane and Anton, Verena and Bergmann, Manuela M.}, title = {An experimental approach to training interoceptive sensitivity}, series = {Nutrition Journal}, volume = {21}, journal = {Nutrition Journal}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {London}, issn = {1475-2891}, doi = {10.1186/s12937-022-00827-4}, pages = {16}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Background Eating in absence of hunger is quite common and often associated with an increased energy intake co-existent with a poorer food choice. Intuitive eating (IE), i.e., eating in accordance with internal hunger and satiety cues, may protect from overeating. IE, however, requires accurate perception and processing of one's own bodily signals, also referred to as interoceptive sensitivity. Training interoceptive sensitivity might therefore be an effective method to promote IE and prevent overeating. As most studies on eating behavior are conducted in younger adults and close social relationships influence health-related behavior, this study focuses on middle-aged and older couples. Methods The present pilot randomized intervention study aims at investigating the feasibility and effectiveness of a 21-day mindfulness-based training program designed to increase interoceptive sensitivity. A total of N = 60 couples participating in the NutriAct Family Study, aged 50-80 years, will be recruited. This randomized-controlled intervention study comprises three measurement points (pre-intervention, post-intervention, 4-week follow-up) and a 21-day training that consists of daily mindfulness-based guided audio exercises (e.g., body scan). A three-arm intervention study design is applied to compare two intervention groups (training together as a couple vs. training alone) with a control group (no training). Each measurement point includes the assessment of self-reported and objective indicators of interoceptive sensitivity (primary outcome), self-reported indicators of intuitive and maladaptive eating (secondary outcomes), and additional variables. A training evaluation applying focus group discussions will be conducted to assess participants' overall acceptance of the training and its feasibility. Discussion By investigating the feasibility and effectiveness of a mindfulness-based training program to increase interoceptive sensitivity, the present study will contribute to a deeper understanding of how to promote healthy eating in older age.}, language = {en} } @article{ConciaDistlerLawetal.2023, author = {Concia, Francesca and Distler, Petr and Law, Gareth and Macerata, Elena and Mariani, Mario and Mossini, Eros and Negrin, Maddalena and Štrok, Marko}, title = {An experience in developing models to use MOOCs in teaching and to advocate OERs}, series = {EMOOCs 2023 : Post-Covid Prospects for Massive Open Online Courses - Boost or Backlash?}, journal = {EMOOCs 2023 : Post-Covid Prospects for Massive Open Online Courses - Boost or Backlash?}, editor = {Meinel, Christoph and Schweiger, Stefanie and Staubitz, Thomas and Conrad, Robert and Alario Hoyos, Carlos and Ebner, Martin and Sancassani, Susanna and Żur, Agnieszka and Friedl, Christian and Halawa, Sherif and Gamage, Dilrukshi and Scott, Jeffrey and Kristine Jonson Carlon, May and Deville, Yves and Gaebel, Michael and Delgado Kloos, Carlos and von Schmieden, Karen}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-62460}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-624609}, pages = {239 -- 254}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Loss of expertise in the fields of Nuclear- and Radio-Chemistry (NRC) is problematic at a scientific and social level. This has been addressed by developing a MOOC, in order to let students in scientific matters discover all the benefits of NRC to society and improving their awareness of this discipline. The MOOC "Essential Radiochemistry for Society" includes current societal challenges related to health, clean and sustainable energy for safety and quality of food and agriculture. NRC teachers belonging to CINCH network were invited to use the MOOC in their teaching, according to various usage models: on the basis of these different experiences, some usage patterns were designed, describing context characteristics (number and age of students, course), activities' scheduling and organization, results and students' feedback, with the aim of encouraging the use of MOOCs in university teaching, as an opportunity for both lecturers and students. These models were the basis of a "toolkit for teachers". By experiencing digital teaching resources created by different lecturers, CINCH teachers took a first meaningful step towards understanding the worth of Open Educational Resources (OER) and the importance of their creation, adoption and sharing for knowledge progress. In this paper, the entire path from MOOC concept to MOOC different usage models, to awareness-raising regarding OER is traced in conceptual stages.}, language = {en} } @article{JararnezhadgeroMamashliGranacher2021, author = {Jararnezhadgero, AmirAli and Mamashli, Elaheh and Granacher, Urs}, title = {An Endurance-Dominated Exercise Program Improves Maximum Oxygen Consumption, Ground Reaction Forces, and Muscle Activities in Patients With Moderate Diabetic Neuropathy}, series = {Frontiers in physiology / Frontiers Research Foundation}, volume = {12}, journal = {Frontiers in physiology / Frontiers Research Foundation}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne, Schweiz}, issn = {1664-042X}, doi = {10.3389/fphys.2021.654755}, pages = {1 -- 15}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Background: The prevalence of diabetes worldwide is predicted to increase from 2.8\% in 2000 to 4.4\% in 2030. Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is associated with damage to nerve glial cells, their axons, and endothelial cells leading to impaired function and mobility. Objective: We aimed to examine the effects of an endurance-dominated exercise program on maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), ground reaction forces, and muscle activities during walking in patients with moderate DN. Methods: Sixty male and female individuals aged 45-65 years with DN were randomly assigned to an intervention (IG, n = 30) or a waiting control (CON, n = 30) group. The research protocol of this study was registered with the Local Clinical Trial Organization (IRCT20200201046326N1). IG conducted an endurance-dominated exercise program including exercises on a bike ergometer and gait therapy. The progressive intervention program lasted 12 weeks with three sessions per week, each 40-55 min. CON received the same treatment as IG after the post-tests. Pre- and post-training, VO2max was tested during a graded exercise test using spiroergometry. In addition, ground reaction forces and lower limbs muscle activities were recorded while walking at a constant speed of ∼1 m/s. Results: No statistically significant baseline between group differences was observed for all analyzed variables. Significant group-by-time interactions were found for VO2max (p < 0.001; d = 1.22). The post-hoc test revealed a significant increase in IG (p < 0.001; d = 1.88) but not CON. Significant group-by-time interactions were observed for peak lateral and vertical ground reaction forces during heel contact and peak vertical ground reaction force during push-off (p = 0.001-0.037; d = 0.56-1.53). For IG, post-hoc analyses showed decreases in peak lateral (p < 0.001; d = 1.33) and vertical (p = 0.004; d = 0.55) ground reaction forces during heel contact and increases in peak vertical ground reaction force during push-off (p < 0.001; d = 0.92). In terms of muscle activity, significant group-by-time interactions were found for vastus lateralis and gluteus medius during the loading phase and for vastus medialis during the mid-stance phase, and gastrocnemius medialis during the push-off phase (p = 0.001-0.044; d = 0.54-0.81). Post-hoc tests indicated significant intervention-related increases in vastus lateralis (p = 0.001; d = 1.08) and gluteus medius (p = 0.008; d = 0.67) during the loading phase and vastus medialis activity during mid-stance (p = 0.001; d = 0.86). In addition, post-hoc tests showed decreases in gastrocnemius medialis during the push-off phase in IG only (p < 0.001; d = 1.28). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that an endurance-dominated exercise program has the potential to improve VO2max and diabetes-related abnormal gait in patients with DN. The observed decreases in peak vertical ground reaction force during the heel contact of walking could be due to increased vastus lateralis and gluteus medius activities during the loading phase. Accordingly, we recommend to implement endurance-dominated exercise programs in type 2 diabetic patients because it is feasible, safe and effective by improving aerobic capacity and gait characteristics.}, language = {en} } @article{MusculusTuenteRaabetal.2021, author = {Musculus, Lisa and T{\"u}nte, Markus R. and Raab, Markus and Kayhan, Ezgi}, title = {An Embodied Cognition Perspective on the Role of Interoception in the Development of the Minimal Self}, series = {Frontiers in Psychology}, volume = {12}, journal = {Frontiers in Psychology}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-1078}, doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2021.716950}, pages = {7}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Interoception is an often neglected but crucial aspect of the human minimal self. In this perspective, we extend the embodiment account of interoceptive inference to explain the development of the minimal self in humans. To do so, we first provide a comparative overview of the central accounts addressing the link between interoception and the minimal self. Grounding our arguments on the embodiment framework, we propose a bidirectional relationship between motor and interoceptive states, which jointly contribute to the development of the minimal self. We present empirical findings on interoception in development and discuss the role of interoception in the development of the minimal self. Moreover, we make theoretical predictions that can be tested in future experiments. Our goal is to provide a comprehensive view on the mechanisms underlying the minimal self by explaining the role of interoception in the development of the minimal self.}, language = {en} } @article{CiemerRehmKurthsetal.2020, author = {Ciemer, Catrin and Rehm, Lars and Kurths, J{\"u}rgen and Donner, Reik Volker and Winkelmann, Ricarda and Boers, Niklas}, title = {An early-warning indicator for Amazon droughts exclusively based on tropical Atlantic sea surface temperatures}, series = {Environmental Research Letters}, volume = {15}, journal = {Environmental Research Letters}, number = {9}, publisher = {IOP - Institute of Physics Publishing}, address = {Bristol}, pages = {10}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Droughts in tropical South America have an imminent and severe impact on the Amazon rainforest and affect the livelihoods of millions of people. Extremely dry conditions in Amazonia have been previously linked to sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the adjacent tropical oceans. Although the sources and impacts of such droughts have been widely studied, establishing reliable multi-year lead statistical forecasts of their occurrence is still an ongoing challenge. Here, we further investigate the relationship between SST and rainfall anomalies using a complex network approach. We identify four ocean regions which exhibit the strongest overall SST correlations with central Amazon rainfall, including two particularly prominent regions in the northern and southern tropical Atlantic. Based on the time-dependent correlation between SST anomalies in these two regions alone, we establish a new early-warning method for droughts in the central Amazon basin and demonstrate its robustness in hindcasting past major drought events with lead-times up to 18 months.}, language = {en} } @article{HaugsbakkenHagelia2023, author = {Haugsbakken, Halvdan and Hagelia, Marianne}, title = {An asynchronous cooperative leaning design in a Small Private Online Course (SPOC)}, series = {EMOOCs 2023 : Post-Covid Prospects for Massive Open Online Courses - Boost or Backlash?}, journal = {EMOOCs 2023 : Post-Covid Prospects for Massive Open Online Courses - Boost or Backlash?}, editor = {Meinel, Christoph and Schweiger, Stefanie and Staubitz, Thomas and Conrad, Robert and Alario Hoyos, Carlos and Ebner, Martin and Sancassani, Susanna and Żur, Agnieszka and Friedl, Christian and Halawa, Sherif and Gamage, Dilrukshi and Scott, Jeffrey and Kristine Jonson Carlon, May and Deville, Yves and Gaebel, Michael and Delgado Kloos, Carlos and von Schmieden, Karen}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-62210}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-622107}, pages = {67 -- 76}, year = {2023}, abstract = {This short paper sets out to propose a novel and interesting learning design that facilitates for cooperative learning in which students do not conduct traditional group work in an asynchronous online education setting. This learning design will be explored in a Small Private Online Course (SPOC) among teachers and school managers at a teacher education. Such an approach can be made possible by applying specific criteria commonly used to define collaborative learning. Collaboration can be defined, among other things, as a structured way of working among students that includes elements of co-laboring. The cooperative learning design involves adapting various traditional collaborative learning approaches for use in an online learning environment. A critical component of this learning design is that students work on a self-defined case project related to their professional practices. Through an iterative process, students will receive ongoing feedback and formative assessments from instructors and follow students at specific points, meaning that co-constructing of knowledge and learning takes place as the SPOC progresses. This learning design can contribute to better learning experiences and outcomes for students, and be a valuable contribution to current research discussions on learning design in Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs).}, language = {en} } @article{DreherBaldermannSchreineretal.2019, author = {Dreher, Dorothee and Baldermann, Susanne and Schreiner, Monika and Hause, Bettina}, title = {An arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus and a root pathogen induce different volatiles emitted by Medicago truncatula roots}, series = {Journal of Advanced Research}, volume = {19}, journal = {Journal of Advanced Research}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2090-1232}, doi = {10.1016/j.jare.2019.03.002}, pages = {85 -- 90}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Plants are in permanent contact with various microorganisms and are always impacted by them. To better understand the first steps of a plant's recognition of soil-borne microorganisms, the early release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from roots of Medicago truncatula in response to the symbiont Rhizophagus irregularis or the pathogenic oomycete Aphanomyces euteiches was analysed. More than 90 compounds were released from roots as detected by an untargeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry approach. Principal component analyses clearly distinguished untreated roots from roots treated with either R. irregularis or A. euteiches. Several VOCs were found to be emitted specifically in response to each of the microorganisms. Limonene was specifically emitted from wild-type roots after contact with R. irregularis spores but not from roots of the mycorrhiza-deficient mutant does not make infections3. The application of limonene to mycorrhizal roots, however, did not affect the mycorrhization rate. Inoculation of roots with A. euteiches zoospores resulted in the specific emission of several sesquiterpenes, such as nerolidol, viridiflorol and nerolidol-epoxyacetate but application of nerolidol to zoospores of A. euteiches did not affect their vitality. Therefore, plants discriminate between different microorganisms at early stages of their interaction and respond differently to the level of root-emitted volatiles.}, language = {en} } @article{Ulična2020, author = {Uličn{\´a}, Lenka}, title = {Amulets Found in Bohemian Genizot}, editor = {Denz, Rebekka and Rudolf, Gabi}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-470-8}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-47095}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-470952}, pages = {69 -- 80}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @article{AloniPerovicWeitmanetal.2019, author = {Aloni, Sapir Shekef and Perovic, Milena and Weitman, Michal and Cohen, Reut and Oschatz, Martin and Mastai, Yitzhak}, title = {Amino acid-based ionic liquids as precursors for the synthesis of chiral nanoporous carbons}, series = {Nanoscale Advances}, volume = {1}, journal = {Nanoscale Advances}, number = {12}, publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {2516-0230}, doi = {10.1039/c9na00520j}, pages = {4981 -- 4988}, year = {2019}, abstract = {The synthesis of chiral nanoporous carbons based on chiral ionic liquids (CILs) of amino acids as precursors is described. Such unique precursors for the carbonization of CILs yield chiral carbonaceous materials with high surface area (approximate to 620 m(2) g(-1)). The enantioselectivities of the porous carbons are examined by advanced techniques such as selective adsorption of enantiomers using cyclic voltammetry, isothermal titration calorimetry, and mass spectrometry. These techniques demonstrate the chiral nature and high enantioselectivity of the chiral carbon materials. Overall, we believe that the novel approach presented here can contribute significantly to the development of new chiral carbon materials that will find important applications in chiral chemistry, such as in chiral catalysis and separation and in chiral sensors. From a scientific point of view, the approach and results reported here can significantly deepen our understanding of chirality at the nanoscale and of the structure and nature of chiral nonporous materials and surfaces.}, language = {en} } @article{NaolouLendleinNeffe2019, author = {Naolou, Toufik and Lendlein, Andreas and Neffe, Axel T.}, title = {Amides as non-polymerizable catalytic adjuncts enable the ring-opening polymerization of lactide with ferrous acetate under mild conditions}, series = {Frontiers in Chemistry}, volume = {7}, journal = {Frontiers in Chemistry}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {2296-2646}, doi = {10.3389/fchem.2019.00346}, pages = {12}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Sn-based catalysts are effective in the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) but are toxic. Fe(OAc)(2) used as an alternative catalyst is suitable for the ROP of lactide only at higher temperatures (>170 degrees C), associated with racemization. In the ROP of ester and amide group containing morpholinediones with Fe(OAc)(2) to polydepsipeptides at 135 degrees C, ester bonds were selectively opened. Here, it was hypothesized that ROP of lactones is possible with Fe(OAc)(2) when amides are present in the reactions mixture as Fe-ligands could increase the solubility and activity of the metal catalytic center. The ROP of lactide in the melt with Fe(OAc)(2) is possible at temperatures as low as 105 degrees C, in the presence of N-ethylacetamide or N-rnethylbenzamide as non-polymerizable catalytic adjuncts (NPCA), with high conversion (up to 99 mol\%) and yield (up to 88 mol\%). Polydispersities of polylactide decreased with decreasing reaction temperature to <= 1.1. NMR as well as polarimetric studies showed that no racemization occurred at reaction temperatures <= 145 degrees C. A kinetic study demonstrated a living chain-growth mechanism. MALDI analysis revealed that no side reactions (e.g., cyclization) occurred, though transesterification took place.}, language = {en} } @article{Schwartz2021, author = {Schwartz, Yitzchak}, title = {American Jewish Ideas in a Transnational Jewish World, 1843-1900}, series = {PaRDeS : Journal of the Association for Jewish Studies in Germany}, journal = {PaRDeS : Journal of the Association for Jewish Studies in Germany}, number = {27}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-520-0}, issn = {1614-6492}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-53283}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-532835}, pages = {39 -- 52}, year = {2021}, abstract = {As mid-19th-century American Jews introduced radical changes to their religious observance and began to define Judaism in new ways, to what extent did they engage with European Jewish ideas? Historians often approach religious change among Jews from German lands during this period as if Jewish immigrants had come to America with one set of ideas that then evolved solely in conversation with their American contexts. Historians have similarly cast the kinds of Judaism Americans created as both unique to America and uniquely American. These characterizations are accurate to an extent. But to what extent did Jewish innovations in the United States take place in conversation with European Jewish developments? Looking to the 19th-century American Jewish press, this paper seeks to understand how American Jews engaged European Judaism in formulating their own ideas, understanding themselves, and understanding their place in world Judaism.}, language = {en} } @article{LangeBuerkner2021, author = {Lange, Bastian and B{\"u}rkner, Hans-Joachim}, title = {Ambiguous avant-gardes and their geographies}, series = {Die Erde : journal of the Geographical Society of Berlin ; Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Erdkunde zu Berlin}, volume = {152}, journal = {Die Erde : journal of the Geographical Society of Berlin ; Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Erdkunde zu Berlin}, number = {4}, publisher = {Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Erdkunde}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {0013-9998}, doi = {10.12854/erde-2021-566}, pages = {273 -- 287}, year = {2021}, abstract = {In the following article, the focus is on the transformative potentials created by so-called persistence avant-gardes and prevention innovators. The text extends Bluhdorn's guiding concept of narratives of hope (Bluhdorn 2017; Bluhdorn and Butzlaff 2019) by considering those groups that are marginalized within debates on socio-ecological transformation. With a closer look at the narratives of prevention and blockade that these actors engage, the ambiguous nature of postgrowth avant-gardes is carved out. Their discursive, argumentative, and effective inhibition of transitory policies is interpreted as a pro-active potential, rather than a mere obstacle to socio-ecological transformation. Adding a geographical perspective, the paper pleads for a more precise theoretical penetration of the ambivalent figure of avantgardes when analyzing processes of local and regional postgrowth.}, language = {en} } @article{Weiss2020, author = {Weiss, Irene M.}, title = {Amarilis y la belleza de Zacinto}, series = {thersites 11: tessellae - Birthday Issue for Christine Walde}, volume = {2020}, journal = {thersites 11: tessellae - Birthday Issue for Christine Walde}, number = {11}, editor = {Amb{\"u}hl, Annemarie}, issn = {2364-7612}, doi = {10.34679/thersites.vol11.174}, pages = {1 -- 30}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Theocritus' id. 4 has been considered by some scholars as an example of rural mime; the fact that the poem, a unique case in the Corpus Theocriteum, does not contain any pastoral song or contest contributes to the impression of 'realism'. This lack could be an obstacle for the poetological approach to the bucolic genre in antiquity, which considers metapoetry as its main feature. Our reading of the idyll shows that this limitation is only apparent.}, language = {es} } @article{SchroeterNeugartSchreineretal.2019, author = {Schr{\"o}ter, David and Neugart, Susanne and Schreiner, Monika and Grune, Tilman and Rohn, Sascha and Ott, Christiane}, title = {Amaranth's 2-Caffeoylisocitric Acid—An Anti-Inflammatory Caffeic Acid Derivative That Impairs NF-κB Signaling in LPS-Challenged RAW 264.7 Macrophages}, series = {Nutrients}, volume = {11}, journal = {Nutrients}, number = {3}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2072-6643}, doi = {10.3390/nu11030571}, pages = {14}, year = {2019}, abstract = {For centuries, Amaranthus sp. were used as food, ornamentals, and medication. Molecular mechanisms, explaining the health beneficial properties of amaranth, are not yet understood, but have been attributed to secondary metabolites, such as phenolic compounds. One of the most abundant phenolic compounds in amaranth leaves is 2-caffeoylisocitric acid (C-IA) and regarding food occurrence, C-IA is exclusively found in various amaranth species. In the present study, the anti-inflammatory activity of C-IA, chlorogenic acid, and caffeic acid in LPS-challenged macrophages (RAW 264.7) has been investigated and cellular contents of the caffeic acid derivatives (CADs) were quantified in the cells and media. The CADs were quantified in the cell lysates in nanomolar concentrations, indicating a cellular uptake. Treatment of LPS-challenged RAW 264.7 cells with 10 µM of CADs counteracted the LPS effects and led to significantly lower mRNA and protein levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interleukin 6, by directly decreasing the translocation of the nuclear factor κB/Rel-like containing protein 65 into the nucleus. This work provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms that attribute to amaranth's anti-inflammatory properties and highlights C-IA's potential as a health-beneficial compound for future research.}, language = {en} } @article{FrankenDegelingPreisfeld2023, author = {Franken, Nadine and Degeling, Maria and Preisfeld, Angelika}, title = {Am Puls der (digitalen) Zeit?}, series = {Reflexion in der Lehrkr{\"a}ftebildung: Empirisch - Phasen{\"u}bergreifend - Interdisziplin{\"a}r (Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Lehrerbildung und Bildungsforschung ; 4)}, journal = {Reflexion in der Lehrkr{\"a}ftebildung: Empirisch - Phasen{\"u}bergreifend - Interdisziplin{\"a}r (Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Lehrerbildung und Bildungsforschung ; 4)}, number = {4}, editor = {Mientus, Lukas and Klempin, Christiane and Nowak, Anna}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-566-8}, issn = {2626-3556}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-63140}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-631402}, pages = {221 -- 231}, year = {2023}, abstract = {In diesem Beitrag wird ein geplantes digitales Lehrkonzept f{\"u}r die universit{\"a}re Begleitung des Praxissemesters in den F{\"a}chern Biologie und Mathematik vorgestellt. Darin setzen sich Studierende im Praxissemester selbstst{\"a}ndig fachspezifische Schwerpunkte f{\"u}r die Planung, Durchf{\"u}hrung und Reflexion von Unterrichtsprojekten in der Schule. Optimalerweise ergibt sich aus den Unterrichtsprojekten auch eine fachbezogene Fragestellung, die von den Studierenden im Zuge Forschenden Lernens ergr{\"u}ndet werden kann. Begleitet wird der gesamte Prozess durch systematisch angeleitete E-Peer-Assessments (E-PA). Dabei treten Studierende in Peers in den digitalen, schriftlichen Dialog {\"u}ber Unterricht und durchlaufen gemeinsam Reflexions- und Feedbackschleifen, welche durch die universit{\"a}re Seminarleitung instruiert werden.}, language = {de} } @incollection{LoewSaymanSchwereretal.2021, author = {L{\"o}w, Martina and Sayman, Volkan and Schwerer, Jona and Wolf, Hannah}, title = {Am Ende der Globalisierung}, series = {Am Ende der Globalisierung}, booktitle = {Am Ende der Globalisierung}, editor = {L{\"o}w, Martina and Sayman, Volkan and Schwerer, Jona and Wolf, Hannah}, publisher = {transcript}, address = {Bielefeld}, isbn = {978-3-8394-5402-2}, doi = {10.14361/9783839454022}, pages = {9 -- 22}, year = {2021}, language = {de} } @book{OPUS4-64594, title = {Am Ende der Globalisierung}, series = {Re-Figuration von R{\"a}umen}, volume = {1}, journal = {Re-Figuration von R{\"a}umen}, editor = {L{\"o}w, Martina and Sayman, Volkan and Schwerer, Jona and Wolf, Hannah}, publisher = {transcript}, address = {Bielefeld}, isbn = {978-3-8376-5402-8}, doi = {10.14361/9783839454022}, pages = {481}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Die Globalisierung ist zur allgegenw{\"a}rtigen Gewissheit geworden. Doch wie zutreffend ist das Konzept »Globalisierung«, wenn zeitgleich nationale Grenzen gest{\"a}rkt und transnationale Freihandelszonen ausgeweitet werden, wenn auf unterschiedlichen scales Territorien {\"u}berwunden und zugleich territoriale Abgrenzungen neu gesetzt werden? Aktuelle Ver{\"a}nderungen als Re-Figuration von R{\"a}umen zu verstehen, erm{\"o}glicht die Analyse und Diskussion widerspr{\"u}chlicher, spannungsreicher und konflikthafter r{\"a}umlicher Prozesse und ihrer allt{\"a}glichen Erfahrung. Die interdisziplin{\"a}ren Beitr{\"a}ge des Bandes liefern theoretische und empirische Analysen zu politischen, digitalen und allt{\"a}glichen R{\"a}umen im Konzept der Re-Figuration.}, language = {de} } @article{BadePicatChungetal.2022, author = {Bade, Nadine and Picat, Leo and Chung, WooJin and Mascarenhas, Salvador}, title = {Alternatives and attention in language and reasoning: A reply to Mascarenhas \& Picat (2019)}, series = {Semantics and Pragmatics}, volume = {15}, journal = {Semantics and Pragmatics}, publisher = {Linguistic Society of America}, address = {Washington}, issn = {1937-8912}, doi = {10.3765/sp.15.2}, pages = {31}, year = {2022}, abstract = {In this paper, we employ an experimental paradigm using insights from the psychology of reasoning to investigate the question whether certain modals generate and draw attention to alternatives. The article extends and builds on the methodology and findings of Mascarenhas \& Picat (2019). Based on experimental results, they argue that the English epistemic modal might raises alternatives. We apply the same methodology to the English modal allowed to to test different hypotheses regarding the involvement of alternatives in deontic modality. We find commonalities and differences between the two modals we tested. We discuss theoretical consequences for existing semantic analyses of these modals, and argue that reasoning tasks can serve as a diagnostic tool to discover which natural language expressions involve alternatives.}, language = {en} } @article{StreflerKrieglerBaueretal.2021, author = {Strefler, Jessica and Kriegler, Elmar and Bauer, Nico and Luderer, Gunnar and Pietzcker, Robert C. and Giannousakis, Anastasis and Edenhofer, Ottmar}, title = {Alternative carbon price trajectories can avoid excessive carbon removal}, series = {Nature communications}, volume = {12}, journal = {Nature communications}, number = {1}, publisher = {Nature Publishing Group}, address = {London}, issn = {2041-1723}, doi = {10.1038/s41467-021-22211-2}, pages = {8}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The large majority of climate change mitigation scenarios that hold warming below 2 °C show high deployment of carbon dioxide removal (CDR), resulting in a peak-and-decline behavior in global temperature. This is driven by the assumption of an exponentially increasing carbon price trajectory which is perceived to be economically optimal for meeting a carbon budget. However, this optimality relies on the assumption that a finite carbon budget associated with a temperature target is filled up steadily over time. The availability of net carbon removals invalidates this assumption and therefore a different carbon price trajectory should be chosen. We show how the optimal carbon price path for remaining well below 2 °C limits CDR demand and analyze requirements for constructing alternatives, which may be easier to implement in reality. We show that warming can be held at well below 2 °C at much lower long-term economic effort and lower CDR deployment and therefore lower risks if carbon prices are high enough in the beginning to ensure target compliance, but increase at a lower rate after carbon neutrality has been reached.}, language = {en} } @article{BuschBlasimannMayeretal.2021, author = {Busch, Aglaja and Blasimann, Angela and Mayer, Frank and Baur, Heiner}, title = {Alterations in sensorimotor function after ACL reconstruction during active joint position sense testing. A systematic review}, series = {PLOS ONE}, volume = {16}, journal = {PLOS ONE}, number = {6}, publisher = {PLOS}, address = {San Francisco}, issn = {1932-6203}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0253503}, pages = {14}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Background The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture can lead to impaired knee function. Reconstruction decreases the mechanical instability but might not have an impact on sensorimotor alterations. Objective Evaluation of the sensorimotor function measured with the active joint position sense (JPS) test in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructed patients compared to the contralateral side and a healthy control group. Methods The databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PEDro, Cochrane Library and SPORTDiscus were systematically searched from origin until April 2020. Studies published in English, German, French, Spanish or Italian language were included. Evaluation of the sensorimotor performance was restricted to the active joint position sense test in ACL reconstructed participants or healthy controls. The Preferred Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. Study quality was evaluated using the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies. Data was descriptively synthesized. Results Ten studies were included after application of the selective criteria. Higher angular deviation, reaching significant difference (p < 0.001) in one study, was shown up to three months after surgery in the affected limb. Six months post-operative significantly less error (p < 0.01) was found in the reconstructed leg compared to the contralateral side and healthy controls. One or more years after ACL reconstruction significant differences were inconsistent along the studies. Conclusions Altered sensorimotor function was present after ACL reconstruction. Due to inconsistencies and small magnitudes, clinical relevance might be questionable. JPS testing can be performed in acute injured persons and prospective studies could enhance knowledge of sensorimotor function throughout the rehabilitative processes.}, language = {en} } @article{MachlebSeyboth2021, author = {Machleb, Franziska and Seyboth, Margret}, title = {Alles kann besser werden!}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik}, number = {14}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-507-1}, issn = {1866-9085}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-51041}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-510412}, pages = {121 -- 137}, year = {2021}, language = {de} } @article{SchubarthMauermeisterSchulzeReicheltetal.2020, author = {Schubarth, Wilfried and Mauermeister, Sylvi and Schulze-Reichelt, Friederike and Erdmann, Melinda}, title = {Alles auf (Studien-)Anfang? Faktoren f{\"u}r den Studienerfolg in der Eingangsphase und zur Studienmitte}, series = {Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Hochschulforschung}, journal = {Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Hochschulforschung}, number = {6}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-498-2}, issn = {2192-1075}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-49262}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-492623}, pages = {27 -- 54}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Die hohen Abbruchquoten, insbesondere in der Studieneingangsphase, haben die Hochschulen in Deutschland veranlasst, eine Vielzahl von Maßnahmen zu ergreifen, {\"u}ber deren Wirkungen bisher allerdings wenig bekannt ist. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden Befunde eines Forschungsprojekts speziell zur Studieneingangsphase sowie erg{\"a}nzend zur Studienmitte vorgestellt, dessen Ziel es war, Bedingungen eines erfolgreichen Studieneinstiegs zu identifizieren und Empfehlungen f{\"u}r eine Optimierung des Studieneingangs abzuleiten. Das Forschungsdesign umfasste neben qualitativen Studien vor allem eine quantitative L{\"a}ngsschnittbefragung an f{\"u}nf Universit{\"a}ten (Potsdam, Mainz, Magdeburg, Kiel und Greifswald). Im Ergebnis der Analysen konnte die forschungsleitende Hypothese, dass Maßnahmen zum Studieneingang vor allem dann zur Erh{\"o}hung des Studienerfolgs einen Beitrag leisten, wenn sie zur akademischen und sozialen Integration in die Hochschule beitragen, best{\"a}tigt werden. Bedeutsam f{\"u}r den Studienerfolg sind demnach insbesondere solche Faktoren wie die Identifikation mit dem Studienfach, die Selbstwirksamkeit, die berufliche bzw. erfolgsorientierte Lernmotivation und die akademische Integration. Daneben konnte ein positiver Einfluss des sozialen Klimas sowie des Forschungs- und Praxisbezugs auf die Studienzufriedenheit nachgewiesen werden. Weiterf{\"u}hrende Analysen zur Studienmitte verdeutlichen zudem, dass f{\"u}r die beiden Studienphasen (Eingang und Studienmitte) gleiche Faktoren bei zum Teil unterschiedlicher Gewichtung eine Rolle spielen. So ist die soziale Integration ein wesentlicher Pr{\"a}diktor in beiden Phasen - in der Eingangsphase eher in die Studierendenschaft und im weiteren Studienverlauf (Studienmitte) eher in die akademische Gemeinschaft (in Form von Lehrenden). Insofern muss die Eingangsfrage wie folgt beantwortet werden: Ja, alles auf Anfang, aber dann mit den Bem{\"u}hungen, soziale und akademische Integration aller Studierenden voll und ganz zu gew{\"a}hrleisten. Zudem machen die Befunde auf die bisher offenbar untersch{\"a}tzte Rolle von Verwertungsmotiven aufmerksam.}, language = {de} } @article{WarszawskiKrieglerLentonetal.2021, author = {Warszawski, Lila and Kriegler, Elmar and Lenton, Timothy M. and Gaffney, Owen and Jacob, Daniela and Klingenfeld, Daniel and Koide, Ryu and Costa, Mar{\´i}a M{\´a}{\~n}ez and Messner, Dirk and Nakicenovic, Nebojsa and Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim and Schlosser, Peter and Takeuchi, Kazuhiko and van der Leeuw, Sander and Whiteman, Gail and Rockstr{\"o}m, Johan}, title = {All options, not silver bullets, needed to limit global warming to 1.5 °C}, series = {Environmental research letters}, volume = {16}, journal = {Environmental research letters}, number = {6}, publisher = {IOP Publishing}, address = {Bristol}, issn = {1748-9326}, doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/abfeec}, pages = {15}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Climate science provides strong evidence of the necessity of limiting global warming to 1.5 °C, in line with the Paris Climate Agreement. The IPCC 1.5 °C special report (SR1.5) presents 414 emissions scenarios modelled for the report, of which around 50 are classified as '1.5 °C scenarios', with no or low temperature overshoot. These emission scenarios differ in their reliance on individual mitigation levers, including reduction of global energy demand, decarbonisation of energy production, development of land-management systems, and the pace and scale of deploying carbon dioxide removal (CDR) technologies. The reliance of 1.5 °C scenarios on these levers needs to be critically assessed in light of the potentials of the relevant technologies and roll-out plans. We use a set of five parameters to bundle and characterise the mitigation levers employed in the SR1.5 1.5 °C scenarios. For each of these levers, we draw on the literature to define 'medium' and 'high' upper bounds that delineate between their 'reasonable', 'challenging' and 'speculative' use by mid century. We do not find any 1.5 °C scenarios that stay within all medium upper bounds on the five mitigation levers. Scenarios most frequently 'over use' CDR with geological storage as a mitigation lever, whilst reductions of energy demand and carbon intensity of energy production are 'over used' less frequently. If we allow mitigation levers to be employed up to our high upper bounds, we are left with 22 of the SR1.5 1.5 °C scenarios with no or low overshoot. The scenarios that fulfil these criteria are characterised by greater coverage of the available mitigation levers than those scenarios that exceed at least one of the high upper bounds. When excluding the two scenarios that exceed the SR1.5 carbon budget for limiting global warming to 1.5 °C, this subset of 1.5 °C scenarios shows a range of 15-22 Gt CO2 (16-22 Gt CO2 interquartile range) for emissions in 2030. For the year of reaching net zero CO2 emissions the range is 2039-2061 (2049-2057 interquartile range).}, language = {en} } @article{MientusWulffNowaketal.2023, author = {Mientus, Lukas and Wulff, Peter and Nowak, Anna and Borowski, Andreas}, title = {Algorithmen als Dozierende?}, series = {PSI-Potsdam: Ergebnisbericht zu den Aktivit{\"a}ten im Rahmen der Qualit{\"a}tsoffensive Lehrerbildung (2019-2023) (Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Lehrerbildung und Bildungsforschung ; 3)}, journal = {PSI-Potsdam: Ergebnisbericht zu den Aktivit{\"a}ten im Rahmen der Qualit{\"a}tsoffensive Lehrerbildung (2019-2023) (Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Lehrerbildung und Bildungsforschung ; 3)}, number = {3}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-568-2}, issn = {2626-3556}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-61640}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-616407}, pages = {117 -- 129}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Auf maschinellem Lernen basierende Tools haben schon l{\"a}ngst Einzug in unseren Alltag gefunden und so konnten auch in der Lehrkr{\"a}ftebildung erste Anwendungen entwickelt, erprobt und evaluiert werden. Im Teilprojekt Physikdidaktik des Schwerpunktes 2 „Schulpraktische Studien" wurden auf Basis eines Rahmenmodells f{\"u}r Reflexion (Nowak et al., 2019) automatisierte Analysemethoden (Wulff et al., 2020) entwickelt und fanden Einzug in universit{\"a}re fachdidaktische Lehre (Mientus et al., 2021a). Mit dem Projekt konnten Potenziale KI-basierter Unterst{\"u}tzung aufgezeigt und verstetigt sowie spezifische Herausforderungen identifiziert werden. Dieser Beitrag skizziert ausgew{\"a}hlte Anwendungsm{\"o}glichkeiten und weiterf{\"u}hrende Forschungen unter dem Gesichtspunkt der Akzeptanz computerunterst{\"u}tzter Lehre.}, language = {de} } @article{Knobloch2014, author = {Knobloch, Eberhard}, title = {Alexandre de Humboldt et le Marquis de Laplace}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XV}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {29}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1617-5239}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-84814}, pages = {23 -- 35}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Pierre-Simon Marquis de Laplace joua un r{\^o}le {\´e}minent dans la vie scientifique d'Alexandre de Humboldt. Humboldt avait fait la connaissance du savant fran{\c{c}}ais qui avait vingt ans de plus que lui-m{\^e}me {\`a} Paris en 1798. L'article de Eberhard Knobloch examine la relation entre ces deux g{\´e}ants de la science en s'appuyant entre autre pour la premi{\`e}re fois sur des documents in{\´e}dits: les quatre lettres de Laplace {\`a} Humboldt, le journal d'Humboldt et sur le mat{\´e}riel d'archives conserv{\´e} aux Archives de l'Acad{\´e}mie des Sciences de Berlin-Brandebourg.}, language = {fr} } @article{Seemann2020, author = {Seemann, J{\"o}rn}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt's Search for the Casiquiare Canal}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XXI}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {41}, editor = {Ette, Ottmar and Knobloch, Eberhard}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {2568-3543}, doi = {10.18443/298}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-488363}, pages = {77 -- 106}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Though Humboldt's travels to the Americas have been analyzed from a wide range of viewpoints, there are specific aspects that still await further investigation. Little is written about Humboldt in the field, specifically how he moved between different locations and simultaneously measured and mapped places and phenomena. The aim of this article is to discuss the triad movement-measure-ment-map that led to the development of specific practices of knowledge building on the move. Humboldt's search for the connections between the watersheds of the Orinoco and the Amazon rivers and the resulting maps and drawings are used as an example to point out his cartographic impulse in his quest to understand and explain the physical world.}, language = {en} } @article{Werner2015, author = {Werner, Anja}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt's footnotes}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XV}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {28}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1617-5239}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-84076}, pages = {59 -- 67}, year = {2015}, abstract = {Alexander von Humboldts Fußnoten waren ihrer Zeit weit voraus, obwohl sie kaum den heutigen akademischen Standards entsprechen. Dieser Artikel untersucht die Fußnoten in Humboldts Essai politique sur l'{\^i}le de Cuba (1826). Zwar ist es nicht immer leicht, die manchmal recht geheimnisvollen Verweise zu entschl{\"u}sseln, dennoch lohnt sich der Versuch: Humboldts Fußnoten geben nicht nur Auskunft {\"u}ber seine umfassenden Netzwerke des Wissens. Sie verweisen auch auf Auseinandersetzungen verschiedener Gelehrter {\"u}ber Humboldts Schriften. Schließlich beinhalten sie Humboldts Reaktionen auf solche Auseinandersetzungen. Eine Untersuchung von Humboldts Fußnoten erlaubt es folglich dem Leser, mehr {\"u}ber Humboldt den Wissenschaftler aber auch Humboldt den Mensch zu erfahren.}, language = {en} } @article{LeBrunRicalensLujanWey2021, author = {Le Brun-Ricalens, Foni and Luj{\´a}n, Leonardo L{\´o}pez and Wey, Claude}, title = {Alexander von Humboldts „Aztekische Priesterin" alias die Chalchiuhtlicue aus der Sammlung Guillermo Dupaix. Historiografi scher Essay einer Translokation von Mexico-Stadt nach London}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz}, volume = {XXII}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz}, number = {43}, editor = {Ette, Ottmar and Knobloch, Eberhard}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {2568-3543}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-53280}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-532802}, pages = {13 -- 28}, year = {2021}, abstract = {W{\"a}hrend seines Aufenthalts 1803 in Mexiko machte von Humboldt die Bekanntschaft von Dupaix, einem spanischen Soldaten luxemburgischer Herkunft und Liebhaber pr{\"a}kolumbischer Altert{\"u}mer. Die Entdeckung verschiedener Manuskripte Dupaix' sowie die Untersuchung diverser Archive und pers{\"o}nlicher Aufzeichnungen des Freiherrn und von Dokumenten unterschiedlicher Institutionen beiderseits des Atlantiks erlauben es, den außergew{\"o}hnlichen Weg eines ber{\"u}hmten mexikanischen Objekts, der Chalchiuhtlicue, nachzuvollziehen, die der preußische Forschungsreisende 1810 als „aztekische Priesterin" in seinem Buch Vues des cordill{\`e}res … beschrieben hatte. Der vorliegende Beitrag versucht, die verschiedenen Besitzer und die Umst{\"a}nde nachzuzeichnen, welche die Wanderung dieser emblematischen pr{\"a}hispanischen Statuette von Mexiko-Stadt nach London fast ein halbes Jahrhundert lang begleitet haben.}, language = {de} } @article{Knobloch2023, author = {Knobloch, Eberhard}, title = {Alexander von Humboldts unbekannter Briefwechsel mit Ludwig August von Buch}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XXIV}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {47}, editor = {Ette, Ottmar and Knobloch, Eberhard}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {2568-3543}, doi = {10.18443/358}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-616642}, pages = {5 -- 13}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Alexander von Humboldt f{\"u}hrte einen bisher v{\"o}llig unbekannten Briefwechsel mit Ludwig August von Buch, einem Neffen des ber{\"u}hmten Geologen Leopold von Buch. Die drei in franz{\"o}sischer Sprache verfassten und in Rom aufbewahrten Briefe werden zum ersten Mal publiziert. Sie berichten insbesondere {\"u}ber interessante Details von Humboldts Russland-Reise und enthalten ein Empfehlungsschreiben f{\"u}r den Offizier und Historiker Leopold von Orlich.}, language = {de} } @article{Knobloch2023, author = {Knobloch, Eberhard}, title = {Alexander von Humboldts Naturgem{\"a}lde der Anden}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XXIV}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {47}, editor = {Ette, Ottmar and Knobloch, Eberhard}, issn = {2568-3543}, doi = {10.18443/360}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-617900}, pages = {109 -- 122}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Redaktionelle Bearbeitung: Ulrich P{\"a}ßler und Ingo Schwarz}, language = {de} } @article{Mikolajczyk2017, author = {Mikolajczyk, Aniela Maria}, title = {Alexander von Humboldts Manuskript Isle de Cube}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XVIII}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {34}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1617-5239}, doi = {10.18443/248}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-395773}, pages = {58 -- 79}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Das von Alexander von Humboldt ab 1804 oder sp{\"a}ter verfasste Manuskript „Isle de Cube. Antilles en g{\´e}n{\´e}ral" wurde erst k{\"u}rzlich zum ersten Mal ver{\"o}ffentlicht. Es stellt die Grundlage f{\"u}r den Essai politique sur l'{\^i}le de Cuba (1826) dar, der als das „wichtigste liberale Manifest des 19. Jahrhunderts gegen die Sklaverei" gilt. Ziel der Untersuchung ist, die textgenetische inhaltliche und stilistische Entwicklung vom Manuskript zur Publikation ansatzweise nachverfolgen zu k{\"o}nnen, um R{\"u}ckschl{\"u}sse auf Humboldts Arbeitsweise und Strategien als Autor mit einem politischen Anliegen zu ziehen.}, language = {de} } @article{Honigmann2015, author = {Honigmann, Peter}, title = {Alexander von Humboldts Journale seiner russisch-sibirischen Reise 1829}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XV}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {28}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1617-5239}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-84080}, pages = {68 -- 77}, year = {2015}, language = {de} } @article{Faak2015, author = {Faak, Margot}, title = {Alexander von Humboldts Amerikareise}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XVI}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {31}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1617-5239}, doi = {10.18443/226}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-89029}, pages = {115 -- 121}, year = {2015}, abstract = {F{\"u}r Margot Faak (1926-2015) Am 14. Juni 2015 starb unsere Kollegin Margot Faak im 89. Lebensjahr. Wir erinnern an sie mit Worten des Abschieds von Eberhard Knobloch und dem Wiederabdruck eines Aufsatzes aus ihrer Feder von 1999. Die Neuver{\"o}ffentlichung erfolgt mit freundlicher Genehmigung der Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung. Der Text wurde in den Fußnoten durch einige aktuelle bibliographische und sachliche Angaben erg{\"a}nzt. HiN VII, 13 (2006) war Margot Faak zu ihrem 80. Geburtstag gewidmet. Das Heft enth{\"a}lt einen Lebenslauf und ein Verzeichnis ihrer Schriften. Berlin, Oktober 2015 Regina Mikosch und Ingo Schwarz}, language = {de} } @misc{Sternagel2021, author = {Sternagel, Renate}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt, Therese von Bacheracht, und die „verh{\"a}ngnissvolle Prosa des Lebens"}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz}, volume = {XXII}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz}, number = {43}, editor = {Ette, Ottmar and Knobloch, Eberhard}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {2568-3543}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-53328}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-533283}, pages = {83 -- 100}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Ausgehend von einem Brief Alexander von Humboldts an die Schriftstellerin Therese von Bacheracht(1804 - 1852) wird die Geschichte der Herausgabe der Briefe seines Bruders Wilhelm an Charlotte Diede im Jahr 1847, nach dem Tod beider Korrespondenten, nachgezeichnet. Besonders wird dabei auf die bisher unver{\"o}ffentlichten „Tagesbl{\"a}tter" Karl August Varnhagens von Ense zur{\"u}ckgegriffen, aus denen hervorgeht, dass Alexander von Humboldt seine anfangs ablehnende Haltung aufgibt, Varnhagen mit der Pr{\"u}fung und Korrektur des Manuskripts betraut, und dass Therese von Bacheracht durch Hartn{\"a}ckigkeit und Charme ihr Ziel erreicht, die nicht unbetr{\"a}chtlichen Einnahmen aus der Ver{\"o}ffentlichung zugesprochen zu bekommen.}, language = {de} } @article{Stottmeister2020, author = {Stottmeister, Ulrich Karl Bernd}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt zur „Weberei der Alten": „Ich habe die Entdekkung gemacht….!"}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XXI}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {41}, editor = {Ette, Ottmar and Knobloch, Eberhard}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {2568-3543}, doi = {10.18443/297}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-488375}, pages = {107 -- 154}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Im Jahre 1789 hatte Alexander von Humboldt als Student in G{\"o}ttingen mit großem Enthusiasmus ein Manuskript zur „Weberei der Alten" verfasst. Es war das Ziel seiner Studie, die Technologie und die Terminologie der antiken Weberei zu erfassen und beide Gebiete vereint darzustellen. Dieses Manuskript ist nicht ver{\"o}ffentlicht worden und gilt als verschollen. Alexander von Humboldt hatte offenbar neue Erkenntnisse gewonnen, denen er so große Bedeutung beimaß, dass er den Verlust seines Manuskriptes noch {\"u}ber 50 Jahre nach dessen Abfassung bedauerte. Humboldt benennt gl{\"u}cklicherweise in {\"u}berlieferten Briefen verschiedene Grundgedanken seiner damaligen Arbeit. In der vorliegenden Studie wird unter Einbeziehung aktueller technikhistorischer Erkenntnisse nachgewiesen, dass der junge Alexander von Humboldt das f{\"u}r alle Webtechniken g{\"u}ltige Prinzip in seinen Grundz{\"u}gen erkannt hatte.}, language = {de} } @article{GomezGutierrez2016, author = {G{\´o}mez Guti{\´e}rrez, Alberto}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt y la cooperaci{\´o}n transcontinental en la Geograf{\´i}a de las plantas}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XVII}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {33}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1617-5239}, doi = {10.18443/238}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-98893}, pages = {24 -- 51}, year = {2016}, abstract = {El Ensayo sobre la geograf{\´i}a de las plantas de Alexander von Humboldt ha trascendido como una de sus principales propuestas cient{\´i}ficas, fundamento de lo que se conoce hoy como "biogeograf{\´i}a". El origen de este concepto es difuso hasta el momento de la publicaci{\´o}n simult{\´a}nea de su obra en Par{\´i}s y en T{\"u}bingen, en 1807. El presente art{\´i}culo propone contrastar la primera versi{\´o}n manuscrita de este ensayo, elaborada en 1803 en Guayaquil y luego le{\´i}da en 1805 en el Institut National de Paris, con la obra contempor{\´a}nea del neogranadino Francisco Jos{\´e} de Caldas, con quien convivi{\´o} en Quito en el primer semestre de 1802.}, language = {es} } @article{SchulzLuepertz2022, author = {Schulz-L{\"u}pertz, Eberhard}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt und Ulrich Jasper Seetzen}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XXIII}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {44}, editor = {Ette, Ottmar and Knobloch, Eberhard}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1617-5239}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-58987}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-589870}, pages = {95 -- 130}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Die beiden Forschungsreisenden Alexander von Humboldt und Ulrich Jasper Seetzen haben sich w{\"a}hrend der gemeinsamen Studienzeit in G{\"o}ttingen kennengelernt und sich dort {\"u}ber ihre Arbeiten zur Naturkunde ausgetauscht. Sp{\"a}ter brach Seetzen, wie Humboldt, zu einer großen Expedition auf, die ihn als ersten Europ{\"a}er durch das zentrale Afrika f{\"u}hren sollte. Seine Forschungen im Nahen Osten gelten bis heute als Pionierleistungen der Orientalistik. Das Unternehmen fand auf der arabischen Halbinsel ein vorzeitiges, tragisches Ende. {\"U}ber die Beziehung der beiden Kommilitonen w{\"a}hrend ihrer G{\"o}ttinger Zeit war bislang wenig bekannt. Ein k{\"u}rzlich entdecktes Brieffragment erm{\"o}glicht neue Einblicke. Es erweist sich als eine Abschrift Seetzens aus einem bislang unbekannten Brief des einundzwanzigj{\"a}hrigen Humboldt {\"u}ber dessen Helgolandreise 1790. Im Zusammenhang mit weiteren Quellen kann diese Jugendfreundschaft nun besser bewertet werden.}, language = {de} } @article{Zielnica2024, author = {Zielnica, Krzystof}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt und Polen - zum 150. Jahrestag seiner Reise nach Warschau}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XXV}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {48}, editor = {Ette, Ottmar and Knobloch, Eberhard}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {2568-3543}, doi = {10.18443/368}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-646635}, pages = {87 -- 101}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Zuerst erschienen in: Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung. Mitteilungen, 5. Jg., Heft 38, Oktober 1980, S. 27-36.}, language = {en} } @article{DrozdowskaBroering2017, author = {Drozdowska-Broering, Izabela}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt und die polnische Wissenschafts- und Kulturwelt}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XVIII}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {34}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1617-5239}, doi = {10.18443/249}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-395750}, pages = {16 -- 28}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Alexander von Humboldt war in Polen bereits im ausgehenden 18. Jahrhundert ber{\"u}hmt geworden. Er reiste mehrmals nach Polen und unterhielt Kontakte zu polnischen oder polnischst{\"a}mmigen Wissenschaftlern. Aus den 30er und 40er Jahren stammen die meisten schriftlichen Belege, die von Beziehungen Humboldts zu solchen Pers{\"o}nlichkeiten wie Ludwik Zejszner, J{\´o}zef Waraszkiewicz oder Filip Neryusz Walter zeugen. Nicht nachweisbar ist heute daf{\"u}r Humboldts Kontakt zu Wincenty Pol sowie zu Ignacy Domeyko. Humboldt inspiriert nicht nur polnische Wissenschaftler, sondern auch f{\"u}hrende polnische Dichter der Romantik. Viele polnische Exilanten verdanken dem deutschen Gelehrten wertvolle Kontakte, Empfehlungsschreiben und Gesuche bei damaligen Machthabern.}, language = {de} } @article{Knobloch2012, author = {Knobloch, Eberhard}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt und Carl Friedrich Gauß}, volume = {XIII}, number = {25}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1617-5239}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-62422}, pages = {63 -- 79}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Daniel Kehlmanns Roman „Die Vermessung der Welt" wird hoch gepriesen und streng kritisiert. Kehlmanns Kritiker lesen seine Satire als eine verf{\"a}lschte Biographie von Gauss und Humboldt, obwohl der Autor wiederholt selbstironische Bemerkungen eingestreut hat, die sein wahres Ziel offenbaren. Der Aufsatz bem{\"u}ht sich, Kehlmanns fiktiven Roman angemessen zu beurteilen und einige der wirklichen Aktivit{\"a}ten und Errungenschaften von Gauss und Humboldt zu charakterisieren, indem Kehlmanns erz{\"a}hlte mit den historischen Tatsachen verglichen werden. Beide Wissenschaftler waren stark am Erdmagnetismus interessiert, was zeitweise zu einigen Spannungen zwischen ihnen f{\"u}hrte. Humboldts Messmethoden und seine {\"U}berzeugung, dass alles Wechselwirkung ist, waren zwei Seiten derselben Medaille. Nur numerische Elemente konnten helfen, die Gesetze zu finden, die die Natur regieren. Humboldts wissenschaftliche Techniken und Ziele (Methode der Mittelwerte) waren gut begr{\"u}ndet. Humboldts Reisen und Forschen bildeten eine untrennbare Einheit. Humboldts Naturbegriff schloss beide M{\"o}glichkeiten ein, das heißt die natura naturans und die natura naturata, die schaffende und herrschende Natur und die Natur, die von bestimmten Gesetzen beherrscht war. Sein {\"u}berragendes Interesse an Naturgesetzen gr{\"u}ndete auf der {\"U}berzeugung, dass sie ewig waren und dass sie die Ordnung und Ewigkeit der Welt garantierten.}, language = {de} } @article{Korneffel2022, author = {Korneffel, Peter}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt postfrisch}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XXIII}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {44}, editor = {Ette, Ottmar and Knobloch, Eberhard}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1617-5239}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-58943}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-589433}, pages = {59 -- 82}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Seit 1950 erschienen weltweit {\"u}ber hundert Briefmarken mit Alexander von Humboldt und/oder seinen grafischen Arbeiten als Motive. Peter Korneffel verarbeitete die komplette Sammlung der Marken aus {\"u}ber 25 L{\"a}ndern zu dem Buch Alexander von Humboldt. Weltmarken sowie zu mehreren philatelistischen Ausstellungen und Vortr{\"a}gen. Der Festvortrag vom 5.9.2019 in Berlin zum offiziellen Erscheinen der Sonderbriefmarke 250. Geburtstag Alexander von Humboldt bildet die Grundlage zu diesem Beitrag. Die Motive, ihre Gestaltung, ihre thematische Kontextualisierung, sowie die Herausgeber und die Zeitpunkte des Erscheinens der jeweiligen Briefmarken dokumentieren eine teils zuf{\"a}llige und teils {\"u}berraschende Humboldt-Rezeption. Recherchierte Hintergr{\"u}nde zu den Ausgaben und Illustrationen vertiefen hierin eine bislang weitestgehend unbekannte Rezeptionsgeschichte.}, language = {de} } @article{Suckow2014, author = {Suckow, Christian}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt in Ust'-Kamenogorsk}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XV}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {29}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1617-5239}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-84848}, pages = {58 -- 69}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Auf seiner russisch-sibirischen Reise im Jahre 1829 ber{\"u}hrte Alexander von Humboldt zweimal Ust'-Kamenogorsk (heute kasachisch {\"O}skemen), die kleine Stadt am Irtyš, an der S{\"u}dgrenze des Russischen Reiches. Christian Suckow beschreibt Humboldts kurzen, zweit{\"a}gigen Aufenthalt an dem Ort, der Ausgangs- und Endpunkt der Exkursion zur Silbergrube Zyrjanovsk im s{\"u}dwestlichen Altai und nach Baty an die chinesische Grenze war.}, language = {de} } @article{Ette2012, author = {Ette, Ottmar}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt in Daniel Kehlmanns Welt}, volume = {XIII}, number = {25}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1617-5239}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-62391}, pages = {34 -- 40}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Wie stark sich im Verlauf des zur{\"u}ckliegenden Vierteljahrhunderts der Bekanntheitsgrad Alexander von Humboldts in der deutschsprachigen {\"O}ffentlichkeit ver{\"a}ndert hat, zeigen nicht nur Fernsehumfragen zu den ber{\"u}hmtesten Deutschen, in denen Alexander von Humboldt mittlerweile figuriert, oder Fernsehserien, die {\"u}ber aktuelle Expeditionen berichten und auf Humboldts Namen zur{\"u}ckgreifen. Am deutlichsten vielleicht belegt dies der enorme Erfolg von Daniel Kehlmanns Roman Die Vermessung der Welt, der ohne die zuvor skizzierte Entwicklung nicht denkbar gewesen w{\"a}re. Es ist vor diesem Hintergrund nicht nur reizvoll, sondern aufschlußreich, sich mit dem großen Erfolg dieses kleinen Romans zu besch{\"a}ftigen. Worum geht es in Die Vermessung der Welt? Und wie l{\"a}ßt sich das »Ph{\"a}nomen Kehlmann« aus etwas gr{\"o}ßerer Distanz erkl{\"a}ren?}, language = {de} } @article{Ette2022, author = {Ette, Ottmar}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt im Archiv}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XXIII}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {45}, editor = {Ette, Ottmar and Knobloch, Eberhard}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {2568-3543}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-59232}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-592326}, pages = {13 -- 28}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Der Aufsatz erschließt die Anf{\"a}nge, Ergebnisse und Erfolge der editionsphilologischen Arbeit im laufenden Projekt des BBAW-Langzeitvorhabens „Alexander von Humboldt auf Reisen - Wissenschaft aus der Bewegung" und gibt einen {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber die Zuk{\"u}nfte philologischen Arbeitens mit den Methoden der Digital Humanities. Dabei werden auch bibliophile Druckausgaben digitaler Publikationen und die kontinuierliche {\"O}ffentlichkeitsarbeit der Figur Alexander von Humboldts in den Blick genommen, was durch zahlreiche Vernetzungen zwischen Institutionen international gef{\"o}rdert und durch kontinuierliche Kooperationen insbesondere durch das neu gegr{\"u}ndete Humboldt Center for Transdisciplinary Studies (HCTS) in China/Changsha erweitert wird. Diskutiert wird die wissenschaftliche Bedeutung der graphischen und visuellen Dimension des Humboldt'schen Archivs, die durch die digitale Aufbereitung des Materials Forscher:innen weltweit miteinander verbindet und neue Forschungskonzepte er{\"o}ffnet.}, language = {de} } @article{Rott2016, author = {Rott, B{\"a}rbel}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt brachte Guano nach Europa - mit ungeahnten globalen Folgen}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XVII}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {32}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1617-5239}, doi = {10.18443/234}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-90802}, pages = {84 -- 111}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Die vorliegende Abhandlung besch{\"a}ftigt sich mit einem bisher wenig beachteten Aspekt von Humboldts Amerikanischer Reise (1799─1804). W{\"a}hrend seine Studien der Pflanzen- und Tierwelt bis heute große Aufmerksamkeit genießen, wird Humboldts Beitrag zu der Entwicklung der modernen Landwirtschaft wenig beachtet. W{\"a}hrend seines Aufenthalts in Lima erhielt er Proben von Guano, Vogelmist von den Chincha-Inseln vor der peruanischen K{\"u}ste. Einige Proben, die er von dieser Reise zur{\"u}ckbrachte, wurden von Wissenschaftlern in Frankreich und Deutschland untersucht. Die Analysenergebnisse zeigten außerordentlich hohe Gehalte an Pflanzenn{\"a}hrstoffen, insbesondere Stickstoff und Phosphor. In den folgenden Jahrzehnten wurde Guano zu einem bedeutsamen D{\"u}ngemittel und Ausl{\"o}ser eines Booms in Europa und Peru. Die Auswirkungen dieser Entwicklung sind bis heute sichtbar und werden hier unter besonderer Beachtung von Phosphor beschrieben.}, language = {de} } @article{Schwarz2014, author = {Schwarz, Oliver}, title = {Alexander von Humboldt als astronomischer Arbeiter, Diskussionspartner und Ideengeber}, series = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, volume = {XV}, journal = {HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies}, number = {29}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1617-5239}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-84823}, pages = {36 -- 47}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Auf welche Weise sich unsere Einsch{\"a}tzung des wissenschaftlichen Wirkens Alexander von Humboldts auf Grundlage der best{\"a}ndig voranschreitenden Erschließung seiner Handschriften ver{\"a}ndern konnte und welche aktuellen wissenschaftshistorischen Fragestellungen dadurch aufgeworfen wurden, verdeutlicht Oliver Schwarz an Beispielen aus der Astronomie.}, language = {de} } @article{PuigSamperRebok2007, author = {Puig-Samper, Miguel {\´A}ngel and Rebok, Sandra}, title = {Alejandro de Humboldt y Espa{\~n}a}, volume = {VIII}, number = {15}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1617-5239}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41696}, pages = {33 -- 47}, year = {2007}, abstract = {Este estudio ofrece una visi{\´o}n muy general de la estancia de Alexander von Humboldt en Espa{\~n}a en el primer semestre de 1799 as{\´i} como de la preparaci{\´o}n de su viaje americano durante ese espacio de tiempo. Gracias a diversos documentos que han podido ser localizados en el transcurso de un proyecto de investigaci{\´o}n sobre este tema se han podido llenar unos vanos en la investigaci{\´o}n humboldtiana. Se presentan los motivos por los que el prusiano, junto a su compa{\~n}ero de viaje franc{\´e}s Aim{\´e} Bonpland, emprendi{\´o} el camino hac{\´i}a la Pen{\´i}nsula Ib{\´e}rica, su itinerario y las actividades cient{\´i}ficas llevadas a cabo por ellos. Adem{\´a}s, se analiza el significado que para {\´e}l tuvo su estancia en Espa{\~n}a, interpretado a partir de sus propios escritos, y se describe as{\´i} mismo su colaboraci{\´o}n con la comunidad cient{\´i}fica de Madrid. Especial atenci{\´o}n se ha puesto en detallar la preparaci{\´o}n administrativa en Madrid de su expedici{\´o}n a Am{\´e}rica, as{\´i} como los documentos creados y utilizados en este proceso. En el anexo se adjuntan dos documentos poco conocidos: la memoria entregada por Humboldt al rey Carlos IV y un pasaporte firmado por Mariano Luis de Urquijo.}, language = {es} } @book{Lemke2023, author = {Lemke, Tristan}, title = {Aktuelle Rechtsfragen des Ortsteilrechts in Brandenburg}, series = {KWI-Diskurs}, journal = {KWI-Diskurs}, number = {1}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {2941-4830}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-59189}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-591891}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {50}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Ortsteile als Untergliederungen der Gemeinden sind nicht nur f{\"u}r das Identit{\"a}tsverst{\"a}ndnis der lokalen Gemeinschaft bedeutsam, sondern auch f{\"u}r das Demokratieprinzip und die Verwirklichung der Ziele der Gebietsreform. Die Bildung von Ortsteilen unterliegt bestimmten gesetzlichen Voraussetzungen. Dabei sind drei verschiedene Ausgestaltungen m{\"o}glich: Ortsteile ohne Vertretung, Ortsteile mit Ortsbeirat und Ortsvorsteher sowie Ortsteile mit isoliertem Ortsvorsteher. Die gew{\"a}hlte Form der Ortsteilvertretung hat Auswirkungen darauf, in welchem Umfang die {\"o}rtliche Expertise in gemeindliche Entscheidungsprozesse einfließen kann und welche Entscheidungen vor Ort getroffen werden k{\"o}nnen. Dabei ist zwischen der Verpflichtung, die Ortsvertretung in bestimmten Konstellationen anzuh{\"o}ren, dem Antragsrecht der Ortsvertretung und der Entscheidungsbefugnis des Ortsbeirates zu differenzieren. Die Abgrenzung dieser organschaftlichen Rechte und ihr Umfang sind in der kommunalen Praxis konflikttr{\"a}chtig. F{\"u}r die M{\"o}glichkeiten der Ortsvertretungen, das lokale Zusammenleben zu gestalten, ist weiterhin das (mittlerweile) obligatorische Ortsteilbudget relevant, das Gegenstand der Reform der Kommunalverfassung im Juni 2021 war. Die Verwirklichung dieser materiellrechtlichen Positionen h{\"a}ngt von ihrer prozessualen Durchsetzbarkeit ab. In der Praxis rankt sich h{\"a}ufig Streit darum, ob Eingemeindungsvertr{\"a}ge und die in ihnen get{\"a}tigten Versprechen (noch) verbindlich sind. Diejenigen, die als Mitglieder des Ortsbeirates bzw. als Ortsvorsteher der {\"o}rtlichen Gemeinschaft einen wichtigen und zeitintensiven Dienst erweisen, k{\"o}nnen eine angemessene Aufwandsentsch{\"a}digung erhalten.}, language = {de} } @article{ReegStriglJeltsch2022, author = {Reeg, Jette and Strigl, Lea and Jeltsch, Florian}, title = {Agricultural buffer zone thresholds to safeguard functional bee diversity}, series = {Ecology and Evolution}, volume = {12}, journal = {Ecology and Evolution}, edition = {3}, publisher = {Wiley Online Library}, address = {Hoboken, New Jersey, USA}, issn = {2045-7758}, doi = {10.1002/ece3.8748}, pages = {1 -- 17}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Wild bee species are important pollinators in agricultural landscapes. However, population decline was reported over the last decades and is still ongoing. While agricultural intensification is a major driver of the rapid loss of pollinating species, transition zones between arable fields and forest or grassland patches, i.e., agricultural buffer zones, are frequently mentioned as suitable mitigation measures to support wild bee populations and other pollinator species. Despite the reported general positive effect, it remains unclear which amount of buffer zones is needed to ensure a sustainable and permanent impact for enhancing bee diversity and abundance. To address this question at a pollinator community level, we implemented a process-based, spatially explicit simulation model of functional bee diversity dynamics in an agricultural landscape. More specifically, we introduced a variable amount of agricultural buffer zones (ABZs) at the transition of arable to grassland, or arable to forest patches to analyze the impact on bee functional diversity and functional richness. We focused our study on solitary bees in a typical agricultural area in the Northeast of Germany. Our results showed positive effects with at least 25\% of virtually implemented agricultural buffer zones. However, higher amounts of ABZs of at least 75\% should be considered to ensure a sufficient increase in Shannon diversity and decrease in quasi-extinction risks. These high amounts of ABZs represent effective conservation measures to safeguard the stability of pollination services provided by solitary bee species. As the model structure can be easily adapted to other mobile species in agricultural landscapes, our community approach offers the chance to compare the effectiveness of conservation measures also for other pollinator communities in future.}, language = {en} } @article{SchlomannBuenningHippetal.2021, author = {Schlomann, Anna and B{\"u}nning, Mareike and Hipp, Lena and Wahl, Hans-Werner}, title = {Aging during COVID-19 in Germany}, series = {European journal of ageing : social, behavioural and health perspectives}, volume = {19}, journal = {European journal of ageing : social, behavioural and health perspectives}, number = {4}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {1613-9372}, doi = {10.1007/s10433-021-00655-1}, pages = {1077 -- 1086}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Existing theories of aging suggest that there may be similarities and differences in how COVID-19 impacts older people's psychosocial adaptation compared to younger age groups, particularly middle-aged individuals. To assess the degree to which these impacts vary, we analyzed data from 3098 participants between the ages of 40 and 79 from an online survey in Germany. Data were collected at three measurement occasions between the start of the nationwide lockdown in mid-March 2020 and the end of the lockdown in early August 2020. The survey focused on everyday experiences during the COVID-19 crisis and collected various satisfaction ratings (e.g., general life satisfaction, satisfaction with family life, satisfaction with social contacts). At baseline, participants also provided retrospective ratings of satisfaction for the period before the COVID-19 crisis. In our analyses, we compared satisfaction ratings of middle-aged (40-64 years) and older individuals (65-79 years) and found that both middle-aged and older participants experienced the greatest decreases in satisfaction with social contacts, with more pronounced decreases seen in middle-aged participants. A similar pattern was observed for general life satisfaction, but the overall decreases were less pronounced in both groups compared to the decreases in satisfaction with social contacts. We also observed a partial recovery effect in all measures at the last measurement occasion, and this effect was more pronounced in older adults. Findings were also confirmed using age as a continuous variable and checking for linear and nonlinear effects of outcomes across the age range. Although ageism arose during the pandemic in the sense that older adults were labeled as a "risk group," particularly at the start of the outbreak, we found consistently with other studies that middle-aged adults' satisfaction decreased to a greater extent than that of older adults.}, language = {en} } @misc{Nguyen2022, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Nguyen, Huyen Evelyn}, title = {Agilit{\"a}t und F{\"u}hrungskr{\"a}fte-Mitarbeiter-Beziehung in der {\"o}ffentlichen Verwaltung}, issn = {2190-4561}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-56583}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-565831}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {VII, 64}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Zunehmend komplexe Herausforderungen und Aufgaben lassen sich nicht mehr mit den bisherigen Strukturen, Methoden und Prozessen der klassischen Verwaltung bew{\"a}ltigen. Vielmehr gewinnen Ans{\"a}tze und Methoden des New Work im {\"o}ffentlichen Sektor angesichts der sich stetig {\"a}ndernden und dynamischen Arbeitswelt eine immer gr{\"o}ßere Bedeutung. Umso mehr besteht die Notwendigkeit, sich in der Verwaltung agil aufzustellen. Unter Agilit{\"a}t wird hierbei die F{\"a}higkeit einer Organisation verstanden, sich schnell ver{\"a}ndernden Rahmenbedingungen flexibel und dynamisch anzupassen. Im Fokus dieser Arbeit steht der Einfluss von Agilit{\"a}t auf die F{\"u}hrungskr{\"a}fte-Mitarbeiter-Beziehung. Mittels einer halbstandardisierten Online-Befragung im Landesamt f{\"u}r Fl{\"u}chtlingsangelegenheiten und im Bezirksamt Neuk{\"o}lln von Berlin wird zun{\"a}chst der vorliegende Agilit{\"a}tsgrad mit dem Fokus auf agile Organisationsstrukturen, agile Organisationskultur und agile F{\"u}hrung ermittelt und sodann anhand der Qualit{\"a}t der dyadischen Arbeitsbeziehung von F{\"u}hrungskraft und Mitarbeiter (LMX-Qualit{\"a}t) {\"u}berpr{\"u}ft, inwiefern die agile Arbeitsweise im Vergleich zu einer nicht-agilen Arbeitsumgebung die Beziehung beeinflusst. Im Ergebnis der Untersuchung zeigt sich, dass ein positiver Zusammenhang zwischen Agilit{\"a}t und der F{\"u}hrungskr{\"a}fte-Mitarbeiter-Beziehung besteht. Es stellt sich in beiden {\"A}mtern ein m{\"a}ßig bis starker Agilit{\"a}tsgrad heraus, wobei besonders agile F{\"u}hrungseigenschaften zu den wesentlichen Faktoren z{\"a}hlen, die eine hochqualitative Beziehung beg{\"u}nstigen. W{\"a}hrend im Bezirksamt ein Zusammenhang zwischen Agilit{\"a}t und hoher LMX-Qualit{\"a}t ermittelt wurde, konnte dieser nicht f{\"u}r die untersuchte Stichprobe des Landesamts festgestellt werden. Dennoch ließ sich in beiden Beh{\"o}rden ein positiver Einfluss von Agilit{\"a}t auf zumindest die Entwicklung einer erfolgreichen F{\"u}hrungskr{\"a}fte-Mitarbeiter-Beziehung erfassen.}, language = {de} } @misc{Blaschka2023, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Blaschka, Birk-Matti}, title = {Aggredior ad ipsum crimen magiae}, series = {Copia - Potsdamer Anregungen f{\"u}r den Lateinunterricht}, journal = {Copia - Potsdamer Anregungen f{\"u}r den Lateinunterricht}, number = {6}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {2748-6621}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-57742}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-577425}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {84, 38}, year = {2023}, abstract = {"Aggredior ad ipsum crimen magiae." Mit diesen Worten leitet Apuleius die Widerlegung der gegen ihn gerichteten Anklage ein: Er soll die reiche Witwe Pudentilla durch Liebeszauber zu einer Heirat mit ihm veranlasst haben. Dagegen setzt er sich in seiner Verteidigungsrede "De magia" zur Wehr. Die vorliegende Arbeit soll diese spannende Rede Lateinsch{\"u}lern der gymnasialen Oberstufe durch ein Lekt{\"u}reheft bekannt machen. Letzteres ist mit kompetenzorientierten Aufgaben und einem Erwartungshorizont versehen. Es wird ferner von der wissenschaftlichen Auseinandersetzung mit den in der Rede behandelten Themen flankiert. Das Heft soll den Sch{\"u}lern einerseits die argumentative Strategie der Rede und andererseits das antike Alltagsph{\"a}nomen 'Magie' n{\"a}herbringen. Dabei tauchen sie ein in die antiken Vorstellungen von Zauberei und versuchen zugleich die einstigen Vorw{\"u}rfe der Ankl{\"a}ger zu rekonstruieren, die etwa die Suche nach bestimmten Fischarten, die Behandlung von Epilepsie oder gewisse n{\"a}chtliche Rituale betreffen. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus fragen sie nach der Unterscheidung magischer von religi{\"o}sen Praktiken und stellen dabei Bez{\"u}ge zu ihrer eigenen Lebenswelt her.}, language = {de} } @article{MenzeMuellerMuelleretal.2022, author = {Menze, Inga and M{\"u}ller, Patrick and M{\"u}ller, Notger Germar and Schmicker, Marlen}, title = {Age-related cognitive effects of the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions and associated mental health changes in Germans}, series = {Scientific reports}, volume = {12}, journal = {Scientific reports}, number = {1}, publisher = {Nature portfolio}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-022-11283-9}, pages = {16}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Restrictive means to reduce the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic have not only imposed broad challenges on mental health but might also affect cognitive health. Here we asked how restriction-related changes influence cognitive performance and how age, perceived loneliness, depressiveness and affectedness by restrictions contribute to these effects. 51 Germans completed three assessments of an online based study during the first lockdown in Germany (April 2020), a month later, and during the beginning of the second lockdown (November 2020). Participants completed nine online cognitive tasks of the MyBrainTraining and online questionnaires about their perceived strain and impact on lifestyle factors by the situation (affectedness), perceived loneliness, depressiveness as well as subjective cognitive performance. The results suggested a possible negative impact of depressiveness and affectedness on objective cognitive performance within the course of the lockdown. The younger the participants, the more pronounced these effects were. Loneliness and depressiveness moreover contributed to a worse evaluation of subjective cognition. In addition, especially younger individuals reported increased distress. As important educational and social input has partly been scarce during this pandemic and mental health problems have increased, future research should also assess cognitive long-term consequences.}, language = {en} } @article{ZuhrDolmanHoetal.2022, author = {Zuhr, Alexandra M. and Dolman, Andrew M. and Ho, Sze Ling and Groeneveld, Jeroen and Loewemark, Ludvig and Grotheer, Hendrik and Su, Chih-Chieh and Laepple, Thomas}, title = {Age-heterogeneity in marine sediments revealed by three-dimensional high-resolution radiocarbon measurements}, series = {Frontiers in Earth Science}, volume = {10}, journal = {Frontiers in Earth Science}, publisher = {Frontiers Media}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {2296-6463}, doi = {10.3389/feart.2022.871902}, pages = {15}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Marine sedimentary archives are routinely used to reconstruct past environmental changes. In many cases, bioturbation and sedimentary mixing affect the proxy time-series and the age-depth relationship. While idealized models of bioturbation exist, they usually assume homogeneous mixing, thus that a single sample is representative for the sediment layer it is sampled from. However, it is largely unknown to which extent this assumption holds for sediments used for paleoclimate reconstructions. To shed light on 1) the age-depth relationship and its full uncertainty, 2) the magnitude of mixing processes affecting the downcore proxy variations, and 3) the representativity of the discrete sample for the sediment layer, we designed and performed a case study on South China Sea sediment material which was collected using a box corer and which covers the last glacial cycle. Using the radiocarbon content of foraminiferal tests as a tracer of time, we characterize the spatial age-heterogeneity of sediments in a three-dimensional setup. In total, 118 radiocarbon measurements were performed on defined small- and large-volume bulk samples ( similar to 200 specimens each) to investigate the horizontal heterogeneity of the sediment. Additionally, replicated measurements on small numbers of specimens (10 x 5 specimens) were performed to assess the heterogeneity within a sample volume. Visual assessment of X-ray images and a quantitative assessment of the mixing strength show typical mixing from bioturbation corresponding to around 10 cm mixing depth. Notably, our 3D radiocarbon distribution reveals that the horizontal heterogeneity (up to 1,250 years), contributing to the age uncertainty, is several times larger than the typically assumed radiocarbon based age-model error (single errors up to 250 years). Furthermore, the assumption of a perfectly bioturbated layer with no mixing underneath is not met. Our analysis further demonstrates that the age-heterogeneity might be a function of sample size; smaller samples might contain single features from the incomplete mixing and are thus less representative than larger samples. We provide suggestions for future studies, optimal sampling strategies for quantitative paleoclimate reconstructions and realistic uncertainty in age models, as well as discuss possible implications for the interpretation of paleoclimate records.}, language = {en} } @article{FuehnerGranacherGolleetal.2021, author = {F{\"u}hner, Thea Heidi and Granacher, Urs and Golle, Kathleen and Kliegl, Reinhold}, title = {Age and sex effects in physical fitness components of 108,295 third graders including 515 primary schools and 9 cohorts}, series = {Scientific Reports}, volume = {11}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, publisher = {Nature Portfolio}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-021-97000-4}, pages = {1 -- 13}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Children's physical fitness development and related moderating effects of age and sex are well documented, especially boys' and girls' divergence during puberty. The situation might be different during prepuberty. As girls mature approximately two years earlier than boys, we tested a possible convergence of performance with five tests representing four components of physical fitness in a large sample of 108,295 eight-year old third-graders. Within this single prepubertal year of life and irrespective of the test, performance increased linearly with chronological age, and boys outperformed girls to a larger extent in tests requiring muscle mass for successful performance. Tests differed in the magnitude of age effects (gains), but there was no evidence for an interaction between age and sex. Moreover, "physical fitness" of schools correlated at r = 0.48 with their age effect which might imply that "fit schools" promote larger gains; expected secular trends from 2011 to 2019 were replicated.}, language = {en} } @article{OdongoSchlotzBaldermannetal.2018, author = {Odongo, Grace Akinyi and Schlotz, Nina and Baldermann, Susanne and Neugart, Susanne and Huyskens-Keil, Susanne and Ngwene, Benard and Trierweiler, Bernhard and Schreiner, Monika and Lamy, Evelyn}, title = {African Nightshade (Solanum scabrum Mill.)}, series = {Nutrients}, volume = {10}, journal = {Nutrients}, number = {10}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2072-6643}, doi = {10.3390/nu10101532}, pages = {20}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Plant cultivation and processing may impact nutrient and phytochemical content of vegetables. The present study aimed at determining the influence of cultivation and processing on the health promoting capacity of African nightshade (Solanum scabrum Mill.) leaves, an indigenous vegetable, rich in nutrients and phytochemicals. Anti-genotoxicity against the human liver carcinogen aflatoxin B1 (AFB(1)) as determined by the comet assay and radical oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capacity of ethanolic and aqueous extracts were investigated in human derived liver (HepG2) cells. ROS scavenging activity was assessed using electron paramagnetic spin resonance and quantification of ARE/Nrf2 mediated gene expression. The cultivation was done under different environmental conditions. The processing included fermentation and cooking; postharvest ultraviolet irradiation (UV-C) treatment was also investigated. Overall, S. scabrum extracts showed strong health promoting potential, the highest potential was observed with the fermented extract, which showed a 60\% reduction of AFB(1) induced DNA damage and a 38\% reduction in FeSO4 induced oxidative stress. The content of total polyphenols, carotenoids and chlorophylls was indeed affected by cultivation and processing. Based on the present in vitro findings consumption of S. scabrum leaves could be further encouraged, preferentially after cooking or fermentation of the plant.}, language = {en} } @article{RamachandranRupakhetiLawrence2020, author = {Ramachandran, Srikanthan and Rupakheti, Maheswar and Lawrence, Mark}, title = {Aerosol-induced atmospheric heating rate decreases over South and East Asia as a result of changing content and composition}, series = {Scientific reports}, volume = {10}, journal = {Scientific reports}, number = {1}, publisher = {Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature}, address = {[London]}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-020-76936-z}, pages = {17}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Aerosol emissions from human activities are extensive and changing rapidly over Asia. Model simulations and satellite observations indicate a dipole pattern in aerosol emissions and loading between South Asia and East Asia, two of the most heavily polluted regions of the world. We examine the previously unexplored diverging trends in the existing dipole pattern of aerosols between East and South Asia using the high quality, two-decade long ground-based time series of observations of aerosol properties from the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET), from satellites (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI)), and from model simulations (Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, version 2 (MERRA-2). The data cover the period since 2001 for Kanpur (South Asia) and Beijing (East Asia), two locations taken as being broadly representative of the respective regions. Since 2010 a dipole in aerosol optical depth (AOD) is maintained, but the trend is reversed-the decrease in AOD over Beijing (East Asia) is rapid since 2010, being 17\% less in current decade compared to first decade of twenty-first century, while the AOD over South Asia increased by 12\% during the same period. Furthermore, we find that the aerosol composition is also changing over time. The single scattering albedo (SSA), a measure of aerosol's absorption capacity and related to aerosol composition, is slightly higher over Beijing than Kanpur, and has increased from 0.91 in 2002 to 0.93 in 2017 over Beijing and from 0.89 to 0.92 during the same period over Kanpur, confirming that aerosols in this region have on an average become more scattering in nature. These changes have led to a notable decrease in aerosol-induced atmospheric heating rate (HR) over both regions between the two decades, decreasing considerably more over East Asia (- 31\%) than over South Asia (- 9\%). The annual mean HR is lower now, it is still large (>= 0.6 K per day), which has significant climate implications. The seasonal trends in AOD, SSA and HR are more pronounced than their respective annual trends over both regions. The seasonal trends are caused mainly by the increase/decrease in anthropogenic aerosol emissions (sulfate, black carbon and organic carbon) while the natural aerosols (dust and sea salt) did not change significantly over South and East Asia during the last two decades. The MERRA-2 model is able to simulate the observed trends in AODs well but not the magnitude, while it also did not simulate the SSA values or trends well. These robust findings based on observations of key aerosol parameters and previously unrecognized diverging trends over South and East Asia need to be accounted for in current state-of-the-art climate models to ensure accurate quantification of the complex and evolving impact of aerosols on the regional climate over Asia.}, language = {en} } @article{WengLuedekeZempetal.2018, author = {Weng, Wei and L{\"u}deke, Matthias K. B. and Zemp, Delphine Clara and Lakes, Tobia and Kropp, J{\"u}rgen}, title = {Aerial and surface rivers}, series = {Hydrology and earth system sciences : HESS}, volume = {22}, journal = {Hydrology and earth system sciences : HESS}, number = {1}, publisher = {Copernicus}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, issn = {1027-5606}, doi = {10.5194/hess-22-911-2018}, pages = {911 -- 927}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The abundant evapotranspiration provided by the Amazon forests is an important component of the hydrological cycle, both regionally and globally. Since the last century, deforestation and expanding agricultural activities have been changing the ecosystem and its provision of moisture to the atmosphere. However, it remains uncertain how the ongoing land use change will influence rainfall, runoff, and water availability as findings from previous studies differ. Using moisture tracking experiments based on observational data, we provide a spatially detailed analysis recognizing potential teleconnection between source and sink regions of atmospheric moisture. We apply land use scenarios in upwind moisture sources and quantify the corresponding rainfall and runoff changes in downwind moisture sinks. We find spatially varying responses of water regimes to land use changes, which may explain the diverse results from previous studies. Parts of the Peruvian Amazon and western Bolivia are identified as the sink areas most sensitive to land use change in the Amazon and we highlight the current water stress by Amazonian land use change on these areas in terms of the water availability. Furthermore, we also identify the influential source areas where land use change may considerably reduce a given target sink's water reception (from our example of the Ucayali River basin outlet, rainfall by 5-12 \% and runoff by 19-50 \% according to scenarios). Sensitive sinks and influential sources are therefore suggested as hotspots for achieving sustainable land-water management.}, language = {en} } @article{BriegerHerzschuhPestryakovaetal.2019, author = {Brieger, Frederic and Herzschuh, Ulrike and Pestryakova, Luidmila Agafyevna and Bookhagen, Bodo and Zakharov, Evgenii S. and Kruse, Stefan}, title = {Advances in the Derivation of Northeast Siberian Forest Metrics Using High-Resolution UAV-Based Photogrammetric Point Clouds}, series = {Remote sensing}, volume = {11}, journal = {Remote sensing}, number = {12}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2072-4292}, doi = {10.3390/rs11121447}, pages = {24}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Forest structure is a crucial component in the assessment of whether a forest is likely to act as a carbon sink under changing climate. Detailed 3D structural information about the tundra-taiga ecotone of Siberia is mostly missing and still underrepresented in current research due to the remoteness and restricted accessibility. Field based, high-resolution remote sensing can provide important knowledge for the understanding of vegetation properties and dynamics. In this study, we test the applicability of consumer-grade Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for rapid calculation of stand metrics in treeline forests. We reconstructed high-resolution photogrammetric point clouds and derived canopy height models for 10 study sites from NE Chukotka and SW Yakutia. Subsequently, we detected individual tree tops using a variable-window size local maximum filter and applied a marker-controlled watershed segmentation for the delineation of tree crowns. With this, we successfully detected 67.1\% of the validation individuals. Simple linear regressions of observed and detected metrics show a better correlation (R2) and lower relative root mean square percentage error (RMSE\%) for tree heights (mean R2 = 0.77, mean RMSE\% = 18.46\%) than for crown diameters (mean R2 = 0.46, mean RMSE\% = 24.9\%). The comparison between detected and observed tree height distributions revealed that our tree detection method was unable to representatively identify trees <2 m. Our results show that plot sizes for vegetation surveys in the tundra-taiga ecotone should be adapted to the forest structure and have a radius of >15-20 m to capture homogeneous and representative forest stands. Additionally, we identify sources of omission and commission errors and give recommendations for their mitigation. In summary, the efficiency of the used method depends on the complexity of the forest's stand structure.}, language = {en} } @misc{RandallJuengelRimannetal.2018, author = {Randall, Matthew J. and J{\"u}ngel, Astrid and Rimann, Markus and Wuertz-Kozak, Karin}, title = {Advances in the biofabrication of 3D Skin in vitro}, series = {Frontiers in Bioengineeringand Biotechnology}, volume = {6}, journal = {Frontiers in Bioengineeringand Biotechnology}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {2296-4185}, doi = {10.3389/fbioe.2018.00154}, pages = {12}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The relevance for in vitro three-dimensional (3D) tissue culture of skin has been present for almost a century. From using skin biopsies in organ culture, to vascularized organotypic full-thickness reconstructed human skin equivalents, in vitro tissue regeneration of 3D skin has reached a golden era. However, the reconstruction of 3D skin still has room to grow and develop. The need for reproducible methodology, physiological structures and tissue architecture, and perfusable vasculature are only recently becoming a reality, though the addition of more complex structures such as glands and tactile corpuscles require advanced technologies. In this review, we will discuss the current methodology for biofabrication of 3D skin models and highlight the advantages and disadvantages of the existing systems as well as emphasize how new techniques can aid in the production of a truly physiologically relevant skin construct for preclinical innovation.}, language = {en} } @misc{BaslerFernieNikoloski2018, author = {Basler, Georg and Fernie, Alisdair R. and Nikoloski, Zoran}, title = {Advances in metabolic flux analysis toward genome-scale profiling of higher organisms}, series = {Bioscience reports : communications and reviews in molecular and cellular biology}, volume = {38}, journal = {Bioscience reports : communications and reviews in molecular and cellular biology}, publisher = {Portland Press (London)}, address = {London}, issn = {0144-8463}, doi = {10.1042/BSR20170224}, pages = {11}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Methodological and technological advances have recently paved the way for metabolic flux profiling in higher organisms, like plants. However, in comparison with omics technologies, flux profiling has yet to provide comprehensive differential flux maps at a genome-scale and in different cell types, tissues, and organs. Here we highlight the recent advances in technologies to gather metabolic labeling patterns and flux profiling approaches. We provide an opinion of how recent local flux profiling approaches can be used in conjunction with the constraint-based modeling framework to arrive at genome-scale flux maps. In addition, we point at approaches which use metabolomics data without introduction of label to predict either non-steady state fluxes in a time-series experiment or flux changes in different experimental scenarios. The combination of these developments allows an experimentally feasible approach for flux-based large-scale systems biology studies.}, language = {en} } @article{SchlappaBresselReichetal.2023, author = {Schlappa, Stephanie and Bressel, Lena and Reich, Oliver and M{\"u}nzberg, Marvin}, title = {Advanced particle size analysis in high-solid-content polymer dispersions using photon density wave spectroscopy}, series = {Polymers}, volume = {15}, journal = {Polymers}, number = {15}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2073-4360}, doi = {10.3390/polym15153181}, pages = {17}, year = {2023}, abstract = {High-solid-content polystyrene and polyvinyl acetate dispersions of polymer particles with a 50 nm to 500 nm mean particle diameter and 12-55\% (w/w) solid content have been produced via emulsion polymerization and characterized regarding their optical and physical properties. Both systems have been analyzed with common particle-size-measuring techniques like dynamic light scattering (DLS) and static light scattering (SLS) and compared to inline particle size distribution (PSD) measurements via photon density wave (PDW) spectroscopy in undiluted samples. It is shown that particle size measurements of undiluted polystyrene dispersions are in good agreement between analysis methods. However, for polyvinyl acetate particles, size determination is challenging due to bound water in the produced polymer. For the first time, water-swelling factors were determined via an iterative approach of PDW spectroscopy error (X-2) minimization. It is shown that water-swollen particles can be analyzed in high-solid-content solutions and their physical properties can be assumed to determine the refractive index, density, and volume fraction in dispersion. It was found that assumed water swelling improved the reduced scattering coefficient fit by PDW spectroscopy by up to ten times and particle size determination was refined and enabled. Particle size analysis of the water-swollen particles agreed well with offline-based state-of-the-art techniques.}, language = {en} } @misc{RobinKatharinaEmilyetal.2021, author = {Robin, Koger and Katharina, Syb{\"o}ck and Emily, Weinelt and Beda, Hartmann and Kirchengast, Sylvia}, title = {Advanced maternal age and nicotine consumption during pregnancy}, series = {Human Biology and Public Health}, volume = {2021}, journal = {Human Biology and Public Health}, number = {1}, editor = {Scheffler, Christiane and Koziel, Slawomir and Hermanussen, Michael and Bogin, Barry}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {2748-9957}, doi = {10.52905/hbph.v1.6}, pages = {1 -- 19}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Background Nicotine consumption during pregnancy and advanced maternal age are well known independent risk factors for poor pregnancy outcome and therefore serious public health problems. Objectives Considering the ongoing trend of delaying childbirth in our society, this study investigates potential additive effects of nicotine consumption during pregnancy and advanced maternal age on foetal growth. Sample and Methods In a medical record-based study, we analysed the impact of maternal age and smoking behaviour before and during pregnancy on newborn size among 4142 singleton births that took place in Vienna, Austria between 1990 and 1995. Results Birth weight (H=82.176, p<0.001), birth length (H=91.525, p<0.001) and head circumference (H=42.097, p<0.001) differed significantly according to maternal smoking behaviour. For birth weight, the adjusted mean differences between smokers and non-smokers increased from 101.8g for the < 18-year-old mothers to 254.8g for >35 year olds, with the respective values for birth length being 0.6 cm to 0.7cm, for head circumference from 0.3 cm to 0.6 cm. Conclusion Increasing maternal age amplified the negative effects of smoking during pregnancy on newborn parameters. Our findings identify older smoking mothers as a high-risk group which should be of special interest for public health systems.}, language = {en} } @article{TaubertLerouxRabuetal.2019, author = {Taubert, Andreas and Leroux, Fabrice and Rabu, Pierre and de Zea Bermudez, Veronica}, title = {Advanced hybrid nanomaterials}, series = {Beilstein journal of nanotechnology}, volume = {10}, journal = {Beilstein journal of nanotechnology}, publisher = {Beilstein-Institut zur F{\"o}rderung der Chemischen Wissenschaften}, address = {Frankfurt am Main}, issn = {2190-4286}, doi = {10.3762/bjnano.10.247}, pages = {2563 -- 2567}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{BirukovCuadratPolemitietal.2021, author = {Birukov, Anna and Cuadrat, Rafael R. C. and Polemiti, Elli and Eichelmann, Fabian and Schulze, Matthias Bernd}, title = {Advanced glycation end-products, measured as skin autofluorescence, associate with vascular stiffness in diabetic, pre-diabetic and normoglycemic individuals}, series = {Cardiovascular diabetology}, volume = {20}, journal = {Cardiovascular diabetology}, number = {1}, publisher = {BioMed Central}, address = {London}, issn = {1475-2840}, doi = {10.1186/s12933-021-01296-5}, pages = {11}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Background Advanced glycation end-products are proteins that become glycated after contact with sugars and are implicated in endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffening. We aimed to investigate the relationships between advanced glycation end-products, measured as skin autofluorescence, and vascular stiffness in various glycemic strata. Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam cohort, comprising n = 3535 participants (median age 67 years, 60\% women). Advanced glycation end-products were measured as skin autofluorescence with AGE-Reader (TM), vascular stiffness was measured as pulse wave velocity, augmentation index and ankle-brachial index with Vascular Explorer (TM). A subset of 1348 participants underwent an oral glucose tolerance test. Participants were sub-phenotyped into normoglycemic, prediabetes and diabetes groups. Associations between skin autofluorescence and various indices of vascular stiffness were assessed by multivariable regression analyses and were adjusted for age, sex, measures of adiposity and lifestyle, blood pressure, prevalent conditions, medication use and blood biomarkers. Results Skin autofluorescence associated with pulse wave velocity, augmentation index and ankle-brachial index, adjusted beta coefficients (95\% CI) per unit skin autofluorescence increase: 0.38 (0.21; 0.55) for carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, 0.25 (0.14; 0.37) for aortic pulse wave velocity, 1.00 (0.29; 1.70) for aortic augmentation index, 4.12 (2.24; 6.00) for brachial augmentation index and - 0.04 (- 0.05; - 0.02) for ankle-brachial index. The associations were strongest in men, younger individuals and were consistent across all glycemic strata: for carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity 0.36 (0.12; 0.60) in normoglycemic, 0.33 (- 0.01; 0.67) in prediabetes and 0.45 (0.09; 0.80) in diabetes groups; with similar estimates for aortic pulse wave velocity. Augmentation index was associated with skin autofluorescence only in normoglycemic and diabetes groups. Ankle-brachial index inversely associated with skin autofluorescence across all sex, age and glycemic strata. Conclusions Our findings indicate that advanced glycation end-products measured as skin autofluorescence might be involved in vascular stiffening independent of age and other cardiometabolic risk factors not only in individuals with diabetes but also in normoglycemic and prediabetic conditions. Skin autofluorescence might prove as a rapid and non-invasive method for assessment of macrovascular disease progression across all glycemic strata.}, language = {en} } @article{PoltrockChenKwoketal.2018, author = {Poltrock, Silvana and Chen, Hui and Kwok, Celia and Cheung, Hintat and Nazzi, Thierry}, title = {Adult learning of novel words in a non-native language}, series = {Frontiers in psychology}, volume = {9}, journal = {Frontiers in psychology}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-1078}, doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01211}, pages = {15}, year = {2018}, language = {en} } @article{NeumannTiberiusBiendarra2022, author = {Neumann, Daniel and Tiberius, Victor and Biendarra, Florin}, title = {Adopting wearables to customize health insurance contributions}, series = {BMC medical informatics and decision making}, volume = {22}, journal = {BMC medical informatics and decision making}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {London}, issn = {1472-6947}, doi = {10.1186/s12911-022-01851-4}, pages = {1 -- 7}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Background Wearables, as small portable computer systems worn on the body, can track user fitness and health data, which can be used to customize health insurance contributions individually. In particular, insured individuals with a healthy lifestyle can receive a reduction of their contributions to be paid. However, this potential is hardly used in practice. Objective This study aims to identify which barrier factors impede the usage of wearables for assessing individual risk scores for health insurances, despite its technological feasibility, and to rank these barriers according to their relevance. Methods To reach these goals, we conduct a ranking-type Delphi study with the following three stages. First, we collected possible barrier factors from a panel of 16 experts and consolidated them to a list of 11 barrier categories. Second, the panel was asked to rank them regarding their relevance. Third, to enhance the panel consensus, the ranking was revealed to the experts, who were then asked to re-rank the barriers. Results The results suggest that regulation is the most important barrier. Other relevant barriers are false or inaccurate measurements and application errors caused by the users. Additionally, insurers could lack the required technological competence to use the wearable data appropriately. Conclusion A wider use of wearables and health apps could be achieved through regulatory modifications, especially regarding privacy issues. Even after assuring stricter regulations, users' privacy concerns could partly remain, if the data exchange between wearables manufacturers, health app providers, and health insurers does not become more transparent.}, language = {en} } @article{WrightWachsHuang2020, author = {Wright, Michelle F. and Wachs, Sebastian and Huang, Zheng}, title = {Adolescents' Popularity-Motivated Aggression and Prosocial Behaviors: The Roles of Callous-Unemotional Traits and Social Status Insecurity}, series = {Frontiers in Psychology}, journal = {Frontiers in Psychology}, publisher = {Frontiers}, address = {Lausanne, Schweiz}, issn = {1664-1078}, doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2021.606865}, pages = {1 -- 8}, year = {2020}, abstract = {As competition over peer status becomes intense during adolescence, some adolescents develop insecure feelings regarding their social standing among their peers (i.e., social status insecurity). These adolescents sometimes use aggression to defend or promote their status. The aim of this study was to examine the relationships among social status insecurity, callous-unemotional (CU) traits, and popularity-motivated aggression and prosocial behaviors among adolescents, while controlling for gender. Another purpose was to examine the potential moderating role of CU traits in these relationships. Participants were 1,047 (49.2\% girls; Mage = 12.44 years; age range from 11 to 14 years) in the 7th or 8th grades from a large Midwestern city. They completed questionnaires on social status insecurity, CU traits, and popularity-motivated relational aggression, physical aggression, cyberaggression, and prosocial behaviors. A structural regression model was conducted, with gender as a covariate. The model had adequate fit. Social status insecurity was associated positively with callousness, unemotional, and popularity-motivated aggression and related negatively to popularity-motivated prosocial behaviors. High social status insecurity was related to greater popularity-motivated aggression when adolescents had high callousness traits. The findings have implications for understanding the individual characteristics associated with social status insecurity.}, language = {en} } @article{FoongPradhanFroeretal.2022, author = {Foong, Adrian and Pradhan, Prajal and Fr{\"o}r, Oliver and Kropp, J{\"u}rgen P.}, title = {Adjusting agricultural emissions for trade matters for climate change mitigation}, series = {Nature Communications}, volume = {13}, journal = {Nature Communications}, number = {1}, publisher = {Nature Publishing Group}, address = {London}, issn = {2041-1723}, doi = {10.1038/s41467-022-30607-x}, pages = {10}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Reducing greenhouse gas emissions in food systems is becoming more challenging as food is increasingly consumed away from producer regions, highlighting the need to consider emissions embodied in trade in agricultural emissions accounting. To address this, our study explores recent trends in trade-adjusted agricultural emissions of food items at the global, regional, and national levels. We find that emissions are largely dependent on a country's consumption patterns and their agricultural emission intensities relative to their trading partners'. The absolute differences between the production-based and trade-adjusted emissions accounting approaches are especially apparent for major agricultural exporters and importers and where large shares of emission-intensive items such as ruminant meat, milk products and rice are involved. In relative terms, some low-income and emerging and developing economies with consumption of high emission intensity food products show large differences between approaches. Similar trends are also found under various specifications that account for trade and re-exports differently. These findings could serve as an important element towards constructing national emissions reduction targets that consider trading partners, leading to more effective emissions reductions overall.}, language = {en} } @article{SmirnovKronbergDalyetal.2020, author = {Smirnov, Artem G. and Kronberg, Elena A. and Daly, Patrick W. and Aseev, Nikita and Shprits, Yuri Y. and Kellerman, Adam C.}, title = {Adiabatic Invariants Calculations for Cluster Mission: A Long-Term Product for Radiation Belts Studies}, series = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics}, volume = {125}, journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics}, number = {2}, publisher = {John Wiley \& Sons, Inc.}, address = {New Jersey}, pages = {12}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The Cluster mission has produced a large data set of electron flux measurements in the Earth's magnetosphere since its launch in late 2000. Electron fluxes are measured using Research with Adaptive Particle Imaging Detector (RAPID)/Imaging Electron Spectrometer (IES) detector as a function of energy, pitch angle, spacecraft position, and time. However, no adiabatic invariants have been calculated for Cluster so far. In this paper we present a step-by-step guide to calculations of adiabatic invariants and conversion of the electron flux to phase space density (PSD) in these coordinates. The electron flux is measured in two RAPID/IES energy channels providing pitch angle distribution at energies 39.2-50.5 and 68.1-94.5 keV in nominal mode since 2004. A fitting method allows to expand the conversion of the differential fluxes to the range from 40 to 150 keV. Best data coverage for phase space density in adiabatic invariant coordinates can be obtained for values of second adiabatic invariant, K, similar to 10(2), and values of the first adiabatic invariant mu in the range approximate to 5-20 MeV/G. Furthermore, we describe the production of a new data product "LSTAR," equivalent to the third adiabatic invariant, available through the Cluster Science Archive for years 2001-2018 with 1-min resolution. The produced data set adds to the availability of observations in Earth's radiation belts region and can be used for long-term statistical purposes.}, language = {en} } @article{HeinzKieferSmolkaetal.2020, author = {Heinz, Andreas and Kiefer, Falk and Smolka, Michael N. and Endrass, Tanja and Beste, Christian and Beck, Anne and Liu, Shuyan and Genauck, Alexander and Romund, Lydia and Rapp, Michael A. and Tost, Heike and Spanagel, Rainer}, title = {Addiction research consortium: losing and regaining control over drug intake (ReCoDe) - from trajectories to mechanisms and interventions}, series = {Addiction Biology}, volume = {25}, journal = {Addiction Biology}, number = {2}, publisher = {John Wiley \& Sons, Inc.}, address = {New Jersey}, pages = {6}, year = {2020}, abstract = {One of the major risk factors for global death and disability is alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drug use. While there is increasing knowledge with respect to individual factors promoting the initiation and maintenance of substance use disorders (SUDs), disease trajectories involved in losing and regaining control over drug intake (ReCoDe) are still not well described. Our newly formed German Collaborative Research Centre (CRC) on ReCoDe has an interdisciplinary approach funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) with a 12-year perspective. The main goals of our research consortium are (i) to identify triggers and modifying factors that longitudinally modulate the trajectories of losing and regaining control over drug consumption in real life, (ii) to study underlying behavioral, cognitive, and neurobiological mechanisms, and (iii) to implicate mechanism-based interventions. These goals will be achieved by: (i) using mobile health (m-health) tools to longitudinally monitor the effects of triggers (drug cues, stressors, and priming doses) and modify factors (eg, age, gender, physical activity, and cognitive control) on drug consumption patterns in real-life conditions and in animal models of addiction; (ii) the identification and computational modeling of key mechanisms mediating the effects of such triggers and modifying factors on goal-directed, habitual, and compulsive aspects of behavior from human studies and animal models; and (iii) developing and testing interventions that specifically target the underlying mechanisms for regaining control over drug intake.}, language = {en} } @article{RadchukReedTeplitskyetal.2019, author = {Radchuk, Viktoriia and Reed, Thomas and Teplitsky, Celine and van de Pol, Martijn and Charmantier, Anne and Hassall, Christopher and Adamik, Peter and Adriaensen, Frank and Ahola, Markus P. and Arcese, Peter and Miguel Aviles, Jesus and Balbontin, Javier and Berg, Karl S. and Borras, Antoni and Burthe, Sarah and Clobert, Jean and Dehnhard, Nina and de Lope, Florentino and Dhondt, Andre A. and Dingemanse, Niels J. and Doi, Hideyuki and Eeva, Tapio and Fickel, J{\"o}rns and Filella, Iolanda and Fossoy, Frode and Goodenough, Anne E. and Hall, Stephen J. G. and Hansson, Bengt and Harris, Michael and Hasselquist, Dennis and Hickler, Thomas and Jasmin Radha, Jasmin and Kharouba, Heather and Gabriel Martinez, Juan and Mihoub, Jean-Baptiste and Mills, James A. and Molina-Morales, Mercedes and Moksnes, Arne and Ozgul, Arpat and Parejo, Deseada and Pilard, Philippe and Poisbleau, Maud and Rousset, Francois and R{\"o}del, Mark-Oliver and Scott, David and Carlos Senar, Juan and Stefanescu, Constanti and Stokke, Bard G. and Kusano, Tamotsu and Tarka, Maja and Tarwater, Corey E. and Thonicke, Kirsten and Thorley, Jack and Wilting, Andreas and Tryjanowski, Piotr and Merila, Juha and Sheldon, Ben C. and Moller, Anders Pape and Matthysen, Erik and Janzen, Fredric and Dobson, F. Stephen and Visser, Marcel E. and Beissinger, Steven R. and Courtiol, Alexandre and Kramer-Schadt, Stephanie}, title = {Adaptive responses of animals to climate change are most likely insufficient}, series = {Nature Communications}, volume = {10}, journal = {Nature Communications}, publisher = {Nature Publ. Group}, address = {London}, issn = {2041-1723}, doi = {10.1038/s41467-019-10924-4}, pages = {14}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Biological responses to climate change have been widely documented across taxa and regions, but it remains unclear whether species are maintaining a good match between phenotype and environment, i.e. whether observed trait changes are adaptive. Here we reviewed 10,090 abstracts and extracted data from 71 studies reported in 58 relevant publications, to assess quantitatively whether phenotypic trait changes associated with climate change are adaptive in animals. A meta-analysis focussing on birds, the taxon best represented in our dataset, suggests that global warming has not systematically affected morphological traits, but has advanced phenological traits. We demonstrate that these advances are adaptive for some species, but imperfect as evidenced by the observed consistent selection for earlier timing. Application of a theoretical model indicates that the evolutionary load imposed by incomplete adaptive responses to ongoing climate change may already be threatening the persistence of species.}, language = {en} } @article{SchaeferDechBittmann2021, author = {Schaefer, Laura and Dech, Silas and Bittmann, Frank}, title = {Adaptive force and emotionally related imaginations}, series = {Heliyon}, volume = {7}, journal = {Heliyon}, number = {8}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {London}, issn = {2405-8440}, doi = {10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07827}, pages = {13}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The link between emotions and motor control has been discussed for years. The measurement of the Adaptive Force (AF) provides the possibility to get insights into the adaptive control of the neuromuscular system in reaction to external forces. It was hypothesized that the holding isometric AF is especially vulnerable to disturbing inputs. Here, the behavior of the AF under the influence of positive (tasty) vs. negative (disgusting) food imaginations was investigated. The AF was examined in n = 12 cases using an objectified manual muscle test of the hip flexors, elbow flexors or pectoralis major muscle, performed by one of two experienced testers while the participants imagined their most tasty or most disgusting food. The reaction force and the limb position were measured by a handheld device. While the slope of force rises and the maximal AF did not differ significantly between tasty and disgusting imaginations (p > 0.05), the maximal isometric AF was significantly lower and the AF at the onset of oscillations was significantly higher under disgusting vs. tasty imaginations (both p = 0.001). A proper length tension control of muscles seems to be a crucial functional parameter of the neuromuscular system which can be impaired instantaneously by emotionally related negative imaginations. This might be a potential approach to evaluate somatic reactions to emotions.}, language = {en} } @article{RomeroMujalliRochowKahletal.2021, author = {Romero-Mujalli, Daniel and Rochow, Markus and Kahl, Sandra M. and Paraskevopoulou, Sofia and Folkertsma, Remco and Jeltsch, Florian and Tiedemann, Ralph}, title = {Adaptive and nonadaptive plasticity in changing environments: Implications for sexual species with different life history strategies}, series = {Ecology and Evolution}, volume = {11}, journal = {Ecology and Evolution}, number = {11}, publisher = {John Wiley \& Sons, Inc.}, address = {New Jersey}, issn = {2045-7758}, pages = {17}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Populations adapt to novel environmental conditions by genetic changes or phenotypic plasticity. Plastic responses are generally faster and can buffer fitness losses under variable conditions. Plasticity is typically modeled as random noise and linear reaction norms that assume simple one-to- one genotype-phenotype maps and no limits to the phenotypic response. Most studies on plasticity have focused on its effect on population viability. However, it is not clear, whether the advantage of plasticity depends solely on environmental fluctuations or also on the genetic and demographic properties (life histories) of populations. Here we present an individual-based model and study the relative importance of adaptive and nonadaptive plasticity for populations of sexual species with different life histories experiencing directional stochastic climate change. Environmental fluctuations were simulated using differentially autocorrelated climatic stochasticity or noise color, and scenarios of directiona climate change. Nonadaptive plasticity was simulated as a random environmental effect on trait development, while adaptive plasticity as a linear, saturating, or sinusoidal reaction norm. The last two imposed limits to the plastic response and emphasized flexible interactions of the genotype with the environment. Interestingly, this assumption led to (a) smaller phenotypic than genotypic variance in the population (many-to- one genotype-phenotype map) and the coexistence of polymorphisms, and (b) the maintenance of higher genetic variation—compared to linear reaction norms and genetic determinism—even when the population was exposed to a constant environment for several generations. Limits to plasticity led to genetic accommodation, when costs were negligible, and to the appearance of cryptic variation when limits were exceeded. We found that adaptive plasticity promoted population persistence under red environmental noise and was particularly important for life histories with low fecundity. Populations produing more offspring could cope with environmental fluctuations solely by genetic changes or random plasticity, unless environmental change was too fast.}, language = {en} } @article{OpelNetzerDesel2023, author = {Opel, Simone and Netzer, Cajus Marian and Desel, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Adaption von Lernwegen in adaptierten Lehrmaterialien f{\"u}r Studierende mit Berufsausbildungsabschluss}, series = {Hochschuldidaktik Informatik HDI 2021 (Commentarii informaticae didacticae)}, journal = {Hochschuldidaktik Informatik HDI 2021 (Commentarii informaticae didacticae)}, number = {13}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-548-4}, issn = {1868-0844}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-61418}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-614188}, pages = {91 -- 114}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Obwohl immer mehr Menschen nicht direkt ein Studium aufnehmen, sondern zuvor eine berufliche Ausbildung absolvieren, werden die in der Ausbildung erworbenen Kompetenzen von den Hochschulen inhaltlich und didaktisch meist ignoriert. Ein Ansatz, diese Kompetenzen zu w{\"u}rdigen, ist die formale Anrechnung von mitgebrachten Kompetenzen als (f{\"u}r den Studienabschluss erforderliche) Leistungspunkte. Eine andere Variante ist der Einsatz von speziell f{\"u}r die Zielgruppe der Studierenden mit Vorkenntnissen adaptiertem Lehr-Lernmaterial. Um dar{\"u}ber hinaus individuelle Unterschiede zu ber{\"u}cksichtigen, erlaubt eine weitere Adaption individueller Lernpfade den Lernenden, genau die jeweils fehlenden Kompetenzen zu erwerben. In diesem Beitrag stellen wir die exemplarische Entwicklung derartigen Materials anhand des Kurses „Datenbanken" f{\"u}r die Zielgruppe der Studierenden mit einer abgeschlossenen Ausbildung zum Fachinformatiker bzw. zur Fachinformatikerin vor.}, language = {de} } @article{PrieskeChaabeneMoranetal.2022, author = {Prieske, Olaf and Chaabene, Helmi and Moran, Jason and Saeterbakken, Atle Hole}, title = {Adaptations to Advanced Resistance Training Strategies in Youth and Adult Athletes}, series = {Frontiers in physiology / Frontiers Research Foundation}, volume = {13}, journal = {Frontiers in physiology / Frontiers Research Foundation}, publisher = {Frontiers Media}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-042X}, doi = {10.3389/fphys.2022.888118}, pages = {3}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @article{KreibichDiBaldassarreVorogushynetal.2017, author = {Kreibich, Heidi and Di Baldassarre, Giuliano and Vorogushyn, Sergiy and Aerts, Jeroen C. J. H. and Apel, Heiko and Aronica, Giuseppe T. and Arnbjerg-Nielsen, Karsten and Bouwer, Laurens M. and Bubeck, Philip and Caloiero, Tommaso and Chinh, Do T. and Cortes, Maria and Gain, Animesh K. and Giampa, Vincenzo and Kuhlicke, Christian and Kundzewicz, Zbigniew W. and Llasat, Maria Carmen and Mard, Johanna and Matczak, Piotr and Mazzoleni, Maurizio and Molinari, Daniela and Dung, Nguyen V. and Petrucci, Olga and Schr{\"o}ter, Kai and Slager, Kymo and Thieken, Annegret and Ward, Philip J. and Merz, Bruno}, title = {Adaptation to flood risk}, series = {Earth's Future}, volume = {5}, journal = {Earth's Future}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {2328-4277}, doi = {10.1002/2017EF000606}, pages = {953 -- 965}, year = {2017}, abstract = {As flood impacts are increasing in large parts of the world, understanding the primary drivers of changes in risk is essential for effective adaptation. To gain more knowledge on the basis of empirical case studies, we analyze eight paired floods, that is, consecutive flood events that occurred in the same region, with the second flood causing significantly lower damage. These success stories of risk reduction were selected across different socioeconomic and hydro-climatic contexts. The potential of societies to adapt is uncovered by describing triggered societal changes, as well as formal measures and spontaneous processes that reduced flood risk. This novel approach has the potential to build the basis for an international data collection and analysis effort to better understand and attribute changes in risk due to hydrological extremes in the framework of the IAHSs Panta Rhei initiative. Across all case studies, we find that lower damage caused by the second event was mainly due to significant reductions in vulnerability, for example, via raised risk awareness, preparedness, and improvements of organizational emergency management. Thus, vulnerability reduction plays an essential role for successful adaptation. Our work shows that there is a high potential to adapt, but there remains the challenge to stimulate measures that reduce vulnerability and risk in periods in which extreme events do not occur.}, language = {en} } @article{WutzlerHudsonThieken2022, author = {Wutzler, Bianca and Hudson, Paul and Thieken, Annegret}, title = {Adaptation strategies of flood-damaged businesses in Germany}, series = {Frontiers in water}, volume = {4}, journal = {Frontiers in water}, publisher = {Frontiers Media}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {2624-9375}, doi = {10.3389/frwa.2022.932061}, pages = {13}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Flood risk management in Germany follows an integrative approach in which both private households and businesses can make an important contribution to reducing flood damage by implementing property-level adaptation measures. While the flood adaptation behavior of private households has already been widely researched, comparatively less attention has been paid to the adaptation strategies of businesses. However, their ability to cope with flood risk plays an important role in the social and economic development of a flood-prone region. Therefore, using quantitative survey data, this study aims to identify different strategies and adaptation drivers of 557 businesses damaged by a riverine flood in 2013 and 104 businesses damaged by pluvial or flash floods between 2014 and 2017. Our results indicate that a low perceived self-efficacy may be an important factor that can reduce the motivation of businesses to adapt to flood risk. Furthermore, property-owners tended to act more proactively than tenants. In addition, high experience with previous flood events and low perceived response costs could strengthen proactive adaptation behavior. These findings should be considered in business-tailored risk communication.}, language = {en} } @article{WutzlerHudsonThieken2022, author = {Wutzler, Bianca and Hudson, Paul and Thieken, Annegret}, title = {Adaptation strategies of flood-damaged businesses in Germany}, series = {Frontiers in Water}, journal = {Frontiers in Water}, publisher = {Frontiers Media SA}, address = {Lausanne, Schweiz}, issn = {2624-9375}, doi = {10.3389/frwa.2022.932061}, pages = {13}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Flood risk management in Germany follows an integrative approach in which both private households and businesses can make an important contribution to reducing flood damage by implementing property-level adaptation measures. While the flood adaptation behavior of private households has already been widely researched, comparatively less attention has been paid to the adaptation strategies of businesses. However, their ability to cope with flood risk plays an important role in the social and economic development of a flood-prone region. Therefore, using quantitative survey data, this study aims to identify different strategies and adaptation drivers of 557 businesses damaged by a riverine flood in 2013 and 104 businesses damaged by pluvial or flash floods between 2014 and 2017. Our results indicate that a low perceived self-efficacy may be an important factor that can reduce the motivation of businesses to adapt to flood risk. Furthermore, property-owners tended to act more proactively than tenants. In addition, high experience with previous flood events and low perceived response costs could strengthen proactive adaptation behavior. These findings should be considered in business-tailored risk communication.}, language = {en} } @article{WillnerLevermannZhaoetal.2018, author = {Willner, Sven N. and Levermann, Anders and Zhao, Fang and Frieler, Katja}, title = {Adaptation required to preserve future high-end river flood risk at present levels}, series = {Science Advances}, volume = {4}, journal = {Science Advances}, number = {1}, publisher = {American Assoc. for the Advancement of Science}, address = {Washington}, issn = {2375-2548}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aao1914}, pages = {8}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Earth's surface temperature will continue to rise for another 20 to 30 years even with the strongest carbon emission reduction currently considered. The associated changes in rainfall patterns can result in an increased flood risk worldwide. We compute the required increase in flood protection to keep high-end fluvial flood risk at present levels. The analysis is carried out worldwide for subnational administrative units. Most of the United States, Central Europe, and Northeast and West Africa, as well as large parts of India and Indonesia, require the strongest adaptation effort. More than half of the United States needs to at least double their protection within the next two decades. Thus, the need for adaptation to increased river flood is a global problem affecting industrialized regions as much as developing countries.}, language = {en} } @article{DellepianeVaidJaladankietal.2021, author = {Dellepiane, Sergio and Vaid, Akhil and Jaladanki, Suraj K. and Coca, Steven and Fayad, Zahi A. and Charney, Alexander W. and B{\"o}ttinger, Erwin and He, John Cijiang and Glicksberg, Benjamin S. and Chan, Lili and Nadkarni, Girish}, title = {Acute kidney injury in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in New York City}, series = {Kidney medicine}, volume = {3}, journal = {Kidney medicine}, number = {5}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2590-0595}, doi = {10.1016/j.xkme.2021.06.008}, pages = {877 -- 879}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{WerfelliHammamiSelmietal.2021, author = {Werfelli, Hanen and Hammami, Raouf and Selmi, Mohamed Amine and Selmi, Walid and Gabrilo, Goran and Clark, Cain C. T. and Duncan, Michael and Sekulic, Damir and Granacher, Urs and Rebai, Haithem}, title = {Acute Effects of Different Plyometric and Strength Exercises on Balance Performance in Youth Weightlifters}, series = {Frontiers in Physiology}, volume = {12}, journal = {Frontiers in Physiology}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-042X}, doi = {10.3389/fphys.2021.716981}, pages = {9}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Background: High-intensity muscle actions have the potential to temporarily improve the performance which has been denoted as postactivation performance enhancement. Objectives: This study determined the acute effects of different stretch-shortening (fast vs. low) and strength (dynamic vs. isometric) exercises executed during one training session on subsequent balance performance in youth weightlifters. Materials and Methods: Sixteen male and female young weightlifters, aged 11.3±0.6years, performed four strength exercise conditions in randomized order, including dynamic strength (DYN; 3 sets of 3 repetitions of 10 RM) and isometric strength exercises (ISOM; 3 sets of maintaining 3s of 10 RM of back-squat), as well as fast (FSSC; 3 sets of 3 repetitions of 20-cm drop-jumps) and slow (SSSC; 3 sets of 3 hurdle jumps over a 20-cm obstacle) stretch-shortening cycle protocols. Balance performance was tested before and after each of the four exercise conditions in bipedal stance on an unstable surface (i.e., BOSU ball with flat side facing up) using two dependent variables, i.e., center of pressure surface area (CoP SA) and velocity (CoP V). Results: There was a significant effect of time on CoP SA and CoP V [F(1,60)=54.37, d=1.88, p<0.0001; F(1,60)=9.07, d=0.77, p=0.003]. In addition, a statistically significant effect of condition on CoP SA and CoP V [F(3,60)=11.81, d=1.53, p<0.0001; F(3,60)=7.36, d=1.21, p=0.0003] was observed. Statistically significant condition-by-time interactions were found for the balance parameters CoP SA (p<0.003, d=0.54) and CoP V (p<0.002, d=0.70). Specific to contrast analysis, all specified hypotheses were tested and demonstrated that FSSC yielded significantly greater improvements than all other conditions in CoP SA and CoP V [p<0.0001 (d=1.55); p=0.0004 (d=1.19), respectively]. In addition, FSSC yielded significantly greater improvements compared with the two conditions for both balance parameters [p<0.0001 (d=2.03); p<0.0001 (d=1.45)]. Conclusion: Fast stretch-shortening cycle exercises appear to be more effective to improve short-term balance performance in young weightlifters. Due to the importance of balance for overall competitive achievement in weightlifting, it is recommended that young weightlifters implement dynamic plyometric exercises in the fast stretch-shortening cycle during the warm-up to improve their balance performance.}, language = {en} } @article{HammamiChaabeneKharratetal.2021, author = {Hammami, Raouf and Chaabene, Helmi and Kharrat, Fatma and Werfelli, Hanen and Duncan, Michael and Rebai, Haithem and Granacher, Urs}, title = {Acute effects of different balance exercise types on selected measures of physical fitness in youth female volleyball players}, series = {BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation}, volume = {13}, journal = {BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation}, publisher = {BioMed Central}, address = {London}, issn = {1758-2555}, doi = {10.1186/s13102-021-00249-5}, pages = {8}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Background Earlier studies have shown that balance training (BT) has the potential to induce performance enhancements in selected components of physical fitness (i.e., balance, muscle strength, power, speed). While there is ample evidence on the long-term effects of BT on components of physical fitness in youth, less is known on the short-term or acute effects of single BT sessions on selected measures of physical fitness. Objective To examine the acute effects of different balance exercise types on balance, change-of-direction (CoD) speed, and jump performance in youth female volleyball players. Methods Eleven female players aged 14 years participated in this study. Three types of balance exercises (i.e., anterior, posterolateral, rotational type) were conducted in randomized order. For each exercise, 3 sets including 5 repetitions were performed. Before and after the performance of the balance exercises, participants were tested for their static balance (center of pressure surface area [CoP SA] and velocity [CoP V]) on foam and firm surfaces, CoD speed (T-Half test), and vertical jump height (countermovement jump [CMJ] height). A 3 (condition: anterior, mediolateral, rotational balance exercise type) × 2 (time: pre, post) analysis of variance was computed with repeated measures on time. Results Findings showed no significant condition × time interactions for all outcome measures (p > 0.05). However, there were small main effects of time for CoP SA on firm and foam surfaces (both d = 0.38; all p < 0.05) with no effect for CoP V on both surface conditions (p > 0.05). For CoD speed, findings showed a large main effect of time (d = 0.91; p < 0.001). However, for CMJ height, no main effect of time was observed (p > 0.05). Conclusions Overall, our results indicated small-to-large changes in balance and CoD speed performances but not in CMJ height in youth female volleyball players, regardless of the balance exercise type. Accordingly, it is recommended to regularly integrate balance exercises before the performance of sport-specific training to optimize performance development in youth female volleyball players.}, language = {en} } @article{JansenKolesnikov2020, author = {Jansen, Sabine and Kolesnikov, Leonid}, title = {Activity expansions for Gibbs correlation functions}, series = {Lectures in pure and applied mathematics}, journal = {Lectures in pure and applied mathematics}, number = {6}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-485-2}, issn = {2199-4951}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-47212}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-472121}, pages = {145 -- 154}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @article{KrauseGrosseDetersBaumannetal.2022, author = {Krause, Hannes-Vincent and Große Deters, Fenne and Baumann, Annika and Krasnova, Hanna}, title = {Active social media use and its impact on well-being}, series = {Journal of computer-mediated communication : a journal of the International Communication Association}, volume = {28}, journal = {Journal of computer-mediated communication : a journal of the International Communication Association}, number = {1}, publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {1083-6101}, doi = {10.1093/jcmc/zmac037}, pages = {12}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Active use of social networking sites (SNSs) has long been assumed to benefit users' well-being. However, this established hypothesis is increasingly being challenged, with scholars criticizing its lack of empirical support and the imprecise conceptualization of active use. Nevertheless, with considerable heterogeneity among existing studies on the hypothesis and causal evidence still limited, a final verdict on its robustness is still pending. To contribute to this ongoing debate, we conducted a week-long randomized control trial with N = 381 adult Instagram users recruited via Prolific. Specifically, we tested how active SNS use, operationalized as picture postings on Instagram, affects different dimensions of well-being. The results depicted a positive effect on users' positive affect but null findings for other well-being outcomes. The findings broadly align with the recent criticism against the active use hypothesis and support the call for a more nuanced view on the impact of SNSs.
Lay Summary Active use of social networking sites (SNSs) has long been assumed to benefit users' well-being. However, this established assumption is increasingly being challenged, with scholars criticizing its lack of empirical support and the imprecise conceptualization of active use. Nevertheless, with great diversity among conducted studies on the hypothesis and a lack of causal evidence, a final verdict on its viability is still pending. To contribute to this ongoing debate, we conducted a week-long experimental investigation with 381 adult Instagram users. Specifically, we tested how posting pictures on Instagram affects different aspects of well-being. The results of this study depicted a positive effect of posting Instagram pictures on users' experienced positive emotions but no effects on other aspects of well-being. The findings broadly align with the recent criticism against the active use hypothesis and support the call for a more nuanced view on the impact of SNSs on users.}, language = {en} }