@misc{ThonigDelRioKieferetal.2020, author = {Thonig, Richard and Del Rio, Pablo and Kiefer, Christoph and Lazaro Touza, Lara and Escribano, Gonzalo and Lechon, Yolanda and Spaeth, Leonhard and Wolf, Ingo and Lilliestam, Johan}, title = {Does ideology influence the ambition level of climate and renewable energy policy?}, series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {1}, issn = {1867-5808}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-57798}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-577981}, pages = {19}, year = {2020}, abstract = {We investigate whether political ideology has an observable effect on decarbonization ambition, renewable power aims, and preferences for power system balancing technologies in four European countries. Based on the Energy Logics framework, we identify ideologically different transition strategies (state-centered, market-centered, grassroots-centered) contained in government policies and opposition party programs valid in 2019. We compare these policies and programs with citizen poll data. We find that ideology has a small effect: governments and political parties across the spectrum have similar, and relatively ambitious, decarbonization and renewables targets. This mirrors citizens' strong support for ambitious action regardless of their ideological self-description. However, whereas political positions on phasing out fossil fuel power are clear across the policy space, positions on phasing in new flexibility options to balance intermittent renewables are vague or non-existent. As parties and citizens agree on strong climate and renewable power aims, the policy ambition is likely to remain high, even if governments change.}, language = {en} } @article{ThonigDelRioKieferetal.2020, author = {Thonig, Richard and Del Rio, Pablo and Kiefer, Christoph and Lazaro Touza, Lara and Escribano, Gonzalo and Lechon, Yolanda and Spaeth, Leonhard and Wolf, Ingo and Lilliestam, Johan}, title = {Does ideology influence the ambition level of climate and renewable energy policy?}, series = {Energy sources, part B: economics, planning, and policy}, volume = {16}, journal = {Energy sources, part B: economics, planning, and policy}, number = {1}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Philadelphia}, issn = {1556-7249}, doi = {10.1080/15567249.2020.1811806}, pages = {4 -- 22}, year = {2020}, abstract = {We investigate whether political ideology has an observable effect on decarbonization ambition, renewable power aims, and preferences for power system balancing technologies in four European countries. Based on the Energy Logics framework, we identify ideologically different transition strategies (state-centered, market-centered, grassroots-centered) contained in government policies and opposition party programs valid in 2019. We compare these policies and programs with citizen poll data. We find that ideology has a small effect: governments and political parties across the spectrum have similar, and relatively ambitious, decarbonization and renewables targets. This mirrors citizens' strong support for ambitious action regardless of their ideological self-description. However, whereas political positions on phasing out fossil fuel power are clear across the policy space, positions on phasing in new flexibility options to balance intermittent renewables are vague or non-existent. As parties and citizens agree on strong climate and renewable power aims, the policy ambition is likely to remain high, even if governments change.}, language = {en} } @article{TiedemannIobbiNivolLeimkuehler2022, author = {Tiedemann, Kim and Iobbi-Nivol, Chantal and Leimk{\"u}hler, Silke}, title = {The Role of the Nucleotides in the Insertion of the bis-Molybdopterin Guanine Dinucleotide Cofactor into apo-Molybdoenzymes}, series = {Molecules}, volume = {27}, journal = {Molecules}, edition = {9}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel, Schweiz}, issn = {1420-3049}, doi = {10.3390/molecules27092993}, pages = {1 -- 15}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The role of the GMP nucleotides of the bis-molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide (bis-MGD) cofactor of the DMSO reductase family has long been a subject of discussion. The recent characterization of the bis-molybdopterin (bis-Mo-MPT) cofactor present in the E. coli YdhV protein, which differs from bis-MGD solely by the absence of the nucleotides, now enables studying the role of the nucleotides of bis-MGD and bis-MPT cofactors in Moco insertion and the activity of molybdoenzymes in direct comparison. Using the well-known E. coli TMAO reductase TorA as a model enzyme for cofactor insertion, we were able to show that the GMP nucleotides of bis-MGD are crucial for the insertion of the bis-MGD cofactor into apo-TorA.}, language = {en} } @article{TimmeWolffEnglertetal.2022, author = {Timme, Sinika and Wolff, Wanja and Englert, Chris and Brand, Ralf}, title = {Tracking Self-Control - Task Performance and Pupil Size in a Go/No-Go Inhibition Task}, series = {Frontiers in Psychology}, volume = {13}, journal = {Frontiers in Psychology}, publisher = {Frontiers}, address = {Lausanne, Schweiz}, issn = {1664-1078}, doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2022.915016}, pages = {11}, year = {2022}, abstract = {There is an ongoing debate about how to test and operationalize self-control. This limited understanding is in large part due to a variety of different tests and measures used to assess self-control, as well as the lack of empirical studies examining the temporal dynamics during the exertion of self-control. In order to track changes that occur over the course of exposure to a self-control task, we investigate and compare behavioral, subjective, and physiological indicators during the exertion of self-control. Participants completed both a task requiring inhibitory control (Go/No-Go task) and a control task (two-choice task). Behavioral performance and pupil size were measured during the tasks. Subjective vitality was measured before and after the tasks. While pupil size and subjective vitality showed similar trajectories in the two tasks, behavioral performance decreased in the inhibitory control-demanding task, but not in the control task. However, behavioral, subjective, and physiological measures were not significantly correlated. These results suggest that there is a disconnect between different measures of self-control with high intra- and interindividual variability. Theoretical and methodological implications for self-control theory and future empirical work are discussed.}, language = {en} } @article{TofeldeBernhardtGueritetal.2020, author = {Tofelde, Stefanie and Bernhardt, Anne and Guerit, Laure and Romans, Brian W.}, title = {Times Associated With Source-to-Sink Propagation of Environmental Signals During Landscape Transience}, series = {Frontiers in Earth Science}, volume = {9}, journal = {Frontiers in Earth Science}, publisher = {Frontiers Media}, address = {Lausanne, Schweiz}, issn = {2296-6463}, doi = {10.3389/feart.2021.628315}, pages = {1 -- 26}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Sediment archives in the terrestrial and marine realm are regularly analyzed to infer changes in climate, tectonic, or anthropogenic boundary conditions of the past. However, contradictory observations have been made regarding whether short period events are faithfully preserved in stratigraphic archives; for instance, in marine sediments offshore large river systems. On the one hand, short period events are hypothesized to be non-detectable in the signature of terrestrially derived sediments due to buffering during sediment transport along large river systems. On the other hand, several studies have detected signals of short period events in marine records offshore large river systems. We propose that this apparent discrepancy is related to the lack of a differentiation between different types of signals and the lack of distinction between river response times and signal propagation times. In this review, we (1) expand the definition of the term 'signal' and group signals in sub-categories related to hydraulic grain size characteristics, (2) clarify the different types of 'times' and suggest a precise and consistent terminology for future use, and (3) compile and discuss factors influencing the times of signal transfer along sediment routing systems and how those times vary with hydraulic grain size characteristics. Unraveling different types of signals and distinctive time periods related to signal propagation addresses the discrepancies mentioned above and allows a more comprehensive exploration of event preservation in stratigraphy - a prerequisite for reliable environmental reconstructions from terrestrially derived sedimentary records.}, language = {en} } @article{TofeldeBufeTurowski2022, author = {Tofelde, Stefanie and Bufe, Aaron and Turowski, Jens M.}, title = {Hillslope Sediment Supply Limits Alluvial Valley Width}, series = {AGU Advances}, journal = {AGU Advances}, publisher = {American Geophysical Union (AGU); Wiley}, address = {Hoboken, New Jersey, USA}, issn = {2576-604X}, doi = {10.1029/2021AV000641}, pages = {20}, year = {2022}, abstract = {River-valley morphology preserves information on tectonic and climatic conditions that shape landscapes. Observations suggest that river discharge and valley-wall lithology are the main controls on valley width. Yet, current models based on these observations fail to explain the full range of cross-sectional valley shapes in nature, suggesting hitherto unquantified controls on valley width. In particular, current models cannot explain the existence of paired terrace sequences that form under cyclic climate forcing. Paired river terraces are staircases of abandoned floodplains on both valley sides, and hence preserve past valley widths. Their formation requires alternating phases of predominantly river incision and predominantly lateral planation, plus progressive valley narrowing. While cyclic Quaternary climate changes can explain shifts between incision and lateral erosion, the driving mechanism of valley narrowing is unknown. Here, we extract valley geometries from climatically formed, alluvial river-terrace sequences and show that across our dataset, the total cumulative terrace height (here: total valley height) explains 90\%-99\% of the variance in valley width at the terrace sites. This finding suggests that valley height, or a parameter that scales linearly with valley height, controls valley width in addition to river discharge and lithology. To explain this valley-width-height relationship, we reformulate existing valley-width models and suggest that, when adjusting to new boundary conditions, alluvial valleys evolve to a width at which sediment removal from valley walls matches lateral sediment supply from hillslope erosion. Such a hillslope-channel coupling is not captured in current valley-evolution models. Our model can explain the existence of paired terrace sequences under cyclic climate forcing and relates valley width to measurable field parameters. Therefore, it facilitates the reconstruction of past climatic and tectonic conditions from valley topography.}, language = {en} } @misc{TrilckeParrD'Aprileetal.2023, author = {Trilcke, Peer and Parr, Rolf and D'Aprile, Iwan-Michelangelo and Kraus, Hans-Christof and Blomqvist, Clarissa and McGillen, Petra S. and Aus der Au, Carmen and Phillips, Alexander Robert and Helmer, Debora and Singer, R{\"u}diger and G{\"o}rner, R{\"u}diger and Berbig, Roland and Rose, Dirk and Wilhelms, Kerstin and Krause, Marcus and Hehle, Christine and Gretz, Daniela and Gfrereis, Heike and Lepp, Nicola and Morlok, Franziska and Haut, Gideon and Brechenmacher, Thomas and Stauffer, Isabelle and Lyon, John B. and Bachmann, Vera and Ewert, Michael and Immer, Nikolas and Vedder, Ulrike and Fischer, Hubertus and Becker, Sabina and Wegmann, Christoph and M{\"o}ller, Klaus-Peter and Schneider, Ulrike and Waszynski, Alexander and Wedel, Michael and Brehm, David and Wolpert, Georg}, title = {Fontanes Medien}, series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Philosophische Reihe}, journal = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Philosophische Reihe}, number = {178}, editor = {Trilcke, Peer}, issn = {1866-8380}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-57407}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-574079}, pages = {XIII, 672}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Theodor Fontane war, im durchaus modernen Sinne, ein Medienarbeiter: Als Presse-Agent in London lernte er die innovativste Presselandschaft seiner Zeit kennen; als Redakteur in Berlin leistete er journalistische K{\"a}rrnerarbeit; er schrieb Kritiken {\"u}ber das Theater, die bildende Kunst und die Literatur - und auch seine Romane wie seine Reiseb{\"u}cher sind stets Medienprodukte, als Serien in in Zeitungen und Zeitschriften platziert, bevor sie auf dem Buchmarkt erschienen. Der vorliegende Band dokumentiert die Ergebnisse eines internationalen Kongresses, veranstaltet 2019 vom Theodor-Fontane-Archiv in Potsdam. Die ebenso rasante wie umfassende Medialisierung und Vernetzung der Gesellschaft im Laufe des 19. Jahrhunderts wird dabei als produktive Voraussetzung der schriftstellerischen T{\"a}tigkeit Fontanes begriffen. Eingebettet in ein weit verzweigtes Netz der Korrespondenz und der postalischen Textzirkulation, vertraut mit den Routinen und Publika der periodischen Massenpresse, f{\"u}r die er sein Leben lang schrieb, und auf vielf{\"a}ltige Weise gepr{\"a}gt von der visuellen Kultur seiner Zeit wird Theodor Fontane als gleichermaßen journalistisch versierter wie {\"a}sthetisch sensibler Grenzg{\"a}nger erkennbar.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{TrilckeParrD'Aprileetal.2022, author = {Trilcke, Peer and Parr, Rolf and D'Aprile, Iwan-Michelangelo and Kraus, Hans-Christof and Blomqvist, Clarissa and McGillen, Petra S. and Aus der Au, Carmen and Phillips, Alexander Robert and Helmer, Debora and Singer, R{\"u}diger and G{\"o}rner, R{\"u}diger and Berbig, Roland and Rose, Dirk and Wilhelms, Kerstin and Krause, Marcus and Hehle, Christine and Gretz, Daniela and Gfrereis, Heike and Lepp, Nicola and Morlok, Franziska and Haut, Gideon and Brechenmacher, Thomas and Stauffer, Isabelle and Lyon, John B. and Bachmann, Vera and Ewert, Michael and Immer, Nikolas and Vedder, Ulrike and Fischer, Hubertus and Becker, Sabina and Wegmann, Christoph and M{\"o}ller, Klaus-Peter and Schneider, Ulrike and Waszynski, Alexander and Wedel, Michael and Brehm, David and Wolpert, Georg}, title = {Fontanes Medien}, editor = {Trilcke, Peer}, publisher = {De Gruyter}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-11-073330-3}, doi = {10.1515/9783110733235}, pages = {XIII, 672}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Theodor Fontane war, im durchaus modernen Sinne, ein Medienarbeiter: Als Presse-Agent in London lernte er die innovativste Presselandschaft seiner Zeit kennen; als Redakteur in Berlin leistete er journalistische K{\"a}rrnerarbeit; er schrieb Kritiken {\"u}ber das Theater, die bildende Kunst und die Literatur - und auch seine Romane wie seine Reiseb{\"u}cher sind stets Medienprodukte, als Serien in in Zeitungen und Zeitschriften platziert, bevor sie auf dem Buchmarkt erschienen. Der vorliegende Band dokumentiert die Ergebnisse eines internationalen Kongresses, veranstaltet 2019 vom Theodor-Fontane-Archiv in Potsdam. Die ebenso rasante wie umfassende Medialisierung und Vernetzung der Gesellschaft im Laufe des 19. Jahrhunderts wird dabei als produktive Voraussetzung der schriftstellerischen T{\"a}tigkeit Fontanes begriffen. Eingebettet in ein weit verzweigtes Netz der Korrespondenz und der postalischen Textzirkulation, vertraut mit den Routinen und Publika der periodischen Massenpresse, f{\"u}r die er sein Leben lang schrieb, und auf vielf{\"a}ltige Weise gepr{\"a}gt von der visuellen Kultur seiner Zeit wird Theodor Fontane als gleichermaßen journalistisch versierter wie {\"a}sthetisch sensibler Grenzg{\"a}nger erkennbar.}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Ulaganathan2016, author = {Ulaganathan, Vamseekrishna}, title = {Molecular fundamentals of foam fractionation}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-94263}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {ix, 136}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Foam fractionation of surfactant and protein solutions is a process dedicated to separate surface active molecules from each other due to their differences in surface activities. The process is based on forming bubbles in a certain mixed solution followed by detachment and rising of bubbles through a certain volume of this solution, and consequently on the formation of a foam layer on top of the solution column. Therefore, systematic analysis of this whole process comprises of at first investigations dedicated to the formation and growth of single bubbles in solutions, which is equivalent to the main principles of the well-known bubble pressure tensiometry. The second stage of the fractionation process includes the detachment of a single bubble from a pore or capillary tip and its rising in a respective aqueous solution. The third and final stage of the process is the formation and stabilization of the foam created by these bubbles, which contains the adsorption layers formed at the growing bubble surface, carried up and gets modified during the bubble rising and finally ends up as part of the foam layer. Bubble pressure tensiometry and bubble profile analysis tensiometry experiments were performed with protein solutions at different bulk concentrations, solution pH and ionic strength in order to describe the process of accumulation of protein and surfactant molecules at the bubble surface. The results obtained from the two complementary methods allow understanding the mechanism of adsorption, which is mainly governed by the diffusional transport of the adsorbing protein molecules to the bubble surface. This mechanism is the same as generally discussed for surfactant molecules. However, interesting peculiarities have been observed for protein adsorption kinetics at sufficiently short adsorption times. First of all, at short adsorption times the surface tension remains constant for a while before it decreases as expected due to the adsorption of proteins at the surface. This time interval is called induction time and it becomes shorter with increasing protein bulk concentration. Moreover, under special conditions, the surface tension does not stay constant but even increases over a certain period of time. This so-called negative surface pressure was observed for BCS and BLG and discussed for the first time in terms of changes in the surface conformation of the adsorbing protein molecules. Usually, a negative surface pressure would correspond to a negative adsorption, which is of course impossible for the studied protein solutions. The phenomenon, which amounts to some mN/m, was rather explained by simultaneous changes in the molar area required by the adsorbed proteins and the non-ideality of entropy of the interfacial layer. It is a transient phenomenon and exists only under dynamic conditions. The experiments dedicated to the local velocity of rising air bubbles in solutions were performed in a broad range of BLG concentration, pH and ionic strength. Additionally, rising bubble experiments were done for surfactant solutions in order to validate the functionality of the instrument. It turns out that the velocity of a rising bubble is much more sensitive to adsorbing molecules than classical dynamic surface tension measurements. At very low BLG or surfactant concentrations, for example, the measured local velocity profile of an air bubble is changing dramatically in time scales of seconds while dynamic surface tensions still do not show any measurable changes at this time scale. The solution's pH and ionic strength are important parameters that govern the measured rising velocity for protein solutions. A general theoretical description of rising bubbles in surfactant and protein solutions is not available at present due to the complex situation of the adsorption process at a bubble surface in a liquid flow field with simultaneous Marangoni effects. However, instead of modelling the complete velocity profile, new theoretical work has been started to evaluate the maximum values in the profile as characteristic parameter for dynamic adsorption layers at the bubble surface more quantitatively. The studies with protein-surfactant mixtures demonstrate in an impressive way that the complexes formed by the two compounds change the surface activity as compared to the original native protein molecules and therefore lead to a completely different retardation behavior of rising bubbles. Changes in the velocity profile can be interpreted qualitatively in terms of increased or decreased surface activity of the formed protein-surfactant complexes. It was also observed that the pH and ionic strength of a protein solution have strong effects on the surface activity of the protein molecules, which however, could be different on the rising bubble velocity and the equilibrium adsorption isotherms. These differences are not fully understood yet but give rise to discussions about the structure of protein adsorption layer under dynamic conditions or in the equilibrium state. The third main stage of the discussed process of fractionation is the formation and characterization of protein foams from BLG solutions at different pH and ionic strength. Of course a minimum BLG concentration is required to form foams. This minimum protein concentration is a function again of solution pH and ionic strength, i.e. of the surface activity of the protein molecules. Although at the isoelectric point, at about pH 5 for BLG, the hydrophobicity and hence the surface activity should be the highest, the concentration and ionic strength effects on the rising velocity profile as well as on the foamability and foam stability do not show a maximum. This is another remarkable argument for the fact that the interfacial structure and behavior of BLG layers under dynamic conditions and at equilibrium are rather different. These differences are probably caused by the time required for BLG molecules to adapt respective conformations once they are adsorbed at the surface. All bubble studies described in this work refer to stages of the foam fractionation process. Experiments with different systems, mainly surfactant and protein solutions, were performed in order to form foams and finally recover a solution representing the foamed material. As foam consists to a large extent of foam lamella - two adsorption layers with a liquid core - the concentration in a foamate taken from foaming experiments should be enriched in the stabilizing molecules. For determining the concentration of the foamate, again the very sensitive bubble rising velocity profile method was applied, which works for any type of surface active materials. This also includes technical surfactants or protein isolates for which an accurate composition is unknown.}, language = {en} } @article{UllrichAbramowicz2023, author = {Ullrich, Rebecca and Abramowicz, Isidoro}, title = {Ein unbekannter Piyyut f{\"u}r Schabbat aus Reckendorf}, series = {Genisa-Bl{\"a}tter IV}, journal = {Genisa-Bl{\"a}tter IV}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-539-2}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-58489}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-584897}, pages = {73 -- 82}, year = {2023}, language = {de} } @article{UlrichZeissigWitting2023, author = {Ulrich, Peter and Zeißig, Hanna and Witting, Antje}, title = {Handlungsempfehlungen f{\"u}r die lokale Governance und {\"U}bertragbarkeit auf Brandenburg}, series = {KWI-Schriften}, journal = {KWI-Schriften}, number = {14}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-571-2}, issn = {1867-951X}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-63118}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-631182}, pages = {101 -- 124}, year = {2023}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Unterstab2005, author = {Unterstab, Gunhild}, title = {Charakterisierung der viralen Genprodukte p10 und P des Borna Disease Virus}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-6905}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2005}, abstract = {Das Borna Disease Virus (BDV, Bornavirus) besitzt ein einzelstr{\"a}ngiges RNA-Genom negativer Polarit{\"a}t und ist innerhalb der Ordnung Mononegavirales der Prototyp einer eigenen Virusfamilie, die der Bornaviridae. Eine außergew{\"o}hnliche Eigenschaft des Virus ist seine nukle{\"a}re Transkription und Replikation, eine weitere besteht in seiner F{\"a}higkeit, als neurotropes Virus sowohl in vivo als auch in vitro persistente Infektionen zu etablieren. Die zugrunde liegenden Mechanismen sowohl der Replikation als auch der Persistenz sind derzeit noch unzureichend verstanden, auch deshalb, weil das Virus noch relativ „jung" ist: Erste komplette Sequenzen des RNA-Genoms wurden 1994 publiziert und erst vor einigen Monaten gelang die Generierung rekombinanter Viren auf der Basis klonierter cDNA. Im Mittelpunkt dieser Arbeit standen das p10 Protein und das Phosphoprotein (P), die von der gemeinsamen Transkriptionseinheit II in {\"u}berlappenden Leserahmen kodiert werden. Als im Kern der Wirtszelle replizierendes Virus ist das Bornavirus auf zellul{\"a}re Importmechanismen angewiesen, um den Kernimport aller an der Replikation beteiligten viralen Proteine zu gew{\"a}hrleisten. Das p10 Protein ist ein negativer Regulator der viralen RNA-abh{\"a}ngigen RNA-Polymerase (L). In vitro Importexperimente zeigten, dass p10 {\"u}ber den klassischen Importin alpha/beta abh{\"a}ngigen Kernimportweg in den Nukleus transportiert wird. Dies war unerwartet, da p10 kein vorhersagbares klassisches Kernlokalisierungssignal (NLS) besitzt und weist darauf hin, dass der zellul{\"a}re Importapparat offensichtlich flexibler ist als allgemein angenommen. Die ersten 20 N-terminalen AS vermitteln sowohl Kernimport als auch die Bindung an den Importrezeptor Importin alpha. Durch Di-Alanin-Austauschmutagenese wurden die f{\"u}r diesen Transportprozess essentiellen AS identifiziert und die Bedeutung hydrophober und polarer AS-Reste demonstriert. Die F{\"a}higkeit des Bornavirus, persistente Infektionen zu etablieren, wirft die Frage auf, wie das Virus die zellul{\"a}ren antiviralen Abwehrmechanismen, insbesondere das Typ I Interferon (IFN)-System, unterwandert. Das virale P Protein wurde in dieser Arbeit als potenter Antagonist der IFN-Induktion charakterisiert. Es verhindert die Phosphorylierung des zentralen Transkriptionsfaktors IRF3 durch die zellul{\"a}re Kinase TBK1 und somit dessen Aktivierung. Der Befund, dass P mit TBK1 Komplexe bildet und zudem auch als Substrat f{\"u}r die zellul{\"a}re Kinase fungiert, erlaubt es, erstmalig einen Mechanismus zu postulieren, in dem ein virales Protein (BDV-P) als putatives TBK1-Pseudosubstrat die IRF3-Aktivierung kompetitiv hemmt.}, subject = {Interferon }, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Videla2014, author = {Videla, Santiago}, title = {Reasoning on the response of logical signaling networks with answer set programming}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-71890}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Deciphering the functioning of biological networks is one of the central tasks in systems biology. In particular, signal transduction networks are crucial for the understanding of the cellular response to external and internal perturbations. Importantly, in order to cope with the complexity of these networks, mathematical and computational modeling is required. We propose a computational modeling framework in order to achieve more robust discoveries in the context of logical signaling networks. More precisely, we focus on modeling the response of logical signaling networks by means of automated reasoning using Answer Set Programming (ASP). ASP provides a declarative language for modeling various knowledge representation and reasoning problems. Moreover, available ASP solvers provide several reasoning modes for assessing the multitude of answer sets. Therefore, leveraging its rich modeling language and its highly efficient solving capacities, we use ASP to address three challenging problems in the context of logical signaling networks: learning of (Boolean) logical networks, experimental design, and identification of intervention strategies. Overall, the contribution of this thesis is three-fold. Firstly, we introduce a mathematical framework for characterizing and reasoning on the response of logical signaling networks. Secondly, we contribute to a growing list of successful applications of ASP in systems biology. Thirdly, we present a software providing a complete pipeline for automated reasoning on the response of logical signaling networks.}, language = {en} } @book{Vogel2000, author = {Vogel, Claudia}, title = {Einstellungen zur Frauenerwerbst{\"a}tigkeit}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-12781}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2000}, abstract = {Gegenstand der Untersuchung sind individuelle und kollektive Einstellungen zu Frauenerwerbst{\"a}tigkeit im L{\"a}ndervergleich. Inhalt: Erkl{\"a}rungsans{\"a}tze - Makrosoziologische Ans{\"a}tze - Mikrosoziologische Ans{\"a}tze - Einstellungen zu Frauenerwerbst{\"a}tigkeit - Einstellungen im Zusammenhang von Makro- und Mikroebene Kulturelle Leitbilder und Wohlfahrtsregimes - Westdeutschland - Ostdeutschland - Großbritannien Arbeitsmarkt und Frauenerwerbsbeteiligung - Frauenerwerbsbeteiligung - Berufsstruktur im Vergleich Der Einstellungsindex zu Frauenerwerbst{\"a}tigkeit - Einstellungen zu Frauenerwerbst{\"a}tigkeit - Einstellungsindex zu Frauenerwerbst{\"a}tigkeit Variation der Einstellungen zu Frauenerwerbst{\"a}tigkeit - Modell der Binnenvariation - L{\"a}nderanalyse: Westdeutschland, Ostdeutschland, Großbritannien - L{\"a}nderspezifische Erkl{\"a}rungsmuster im Vergleich - Interstaatliche Variation der Einstellungen zu Frauenerwerbst{\"a}tigkeit}, language = {de} } @article{VogelPatonAich2021, author = {Vogel, Johannes and Paton, Eva Nora and Aich, Valentin}, title = {Seasonal ecosystem vulnerability to climatic anomalies in the Mediterranean}, series = {Biogeosciences}, volume = {18}, journal = {Biogeosciences}, edition = {22}, publisher = {Copernicus}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, issn = {1726-4189}, doi = {10.5194/bg-18-5903-2021}, pages = {5903 -- 5927}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Mediterranean ecosystems are particularly vulnerable to climate change and the associated increase in climate anomalies. This study investigates extreme ecosystem responses evoked by climatic drivers in the Mediterranean Basin for the time span 1999-2019 with a specific focus on seasonal variations as the seasonal timing of climatic anomalies is considered essential for impact and vulnerability assessment. A bivariate vulnerability analysis is performed for each month of the year to quantify which combinations of the drivers temperature (obtained from ERA5-Land) and soil moisture (obtained from ESA CCI and ERA5-Land) lead to extreme reductions in ecosystem productivity using the fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FAPAR; obtained from the Copernicus Global Land Service) as a proxy. The bivariate analysis clearly showed that, in many cases, it is not just one but a combination of both drivers that causes ecosystem vulnerability. The overall pattern shows that Mediterranean ecosystems are prone to three soil moisture regimes during the yearly cycle: they are vulnerable to hot and dry conditions from May to July, to cold and dry conditions from August to October, and to cold conditions from November to April, illustrating the shift from a soil-moisture-limited regime in summer to an energy-limited regime in winter. In late spring, a month with significant vulnerability to hot conditions only often precedes the next stage of vulnerability to both hot and dry conditions, suggesting that high temperatures lead to critically low soil moisture levels with a certain time lag. In the eastern Mediterranean, the period of vulnerability to hot and dry conditions within the year is much longer than in the western Mediterranean. Our results show that it is crucial to account for both spatial and temporal variability to adequately assess ecosystem vulnerability. The seasonal vulnerability approach presented in this study helps to provide detailed insights regarding the specific phenological stage of the year in which ecosystem vulnerability to a certain climatic condition occurs. How to cite. Vogel, J., Paton, E., and Aich, V.: Seasonal ecosystem vulnerability to climatic anomalies in the Mediterranean, Biogeosciences, 18, 5903-5927, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5903-2021, 2021.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Wagner2007, author = {Wagner, Dirk}, title = {Microbial perspectives of the methane cycle in permafrost ecosystems in the Eastern Siberian Arctic : implications for the global methane budget}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-15434}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2007}, abstract = {The Arctic plays a key role in Earth's climate system as global warming is predicted to be most pronounced at high latitudes and because one third of the global carbon pool is stored in ecosystems of the northern latitudes. In order to improve our understanding of the present and future carbon dynamics in climate sensitive permafrost ecosystems, the present study concentrates on investigations of microbial controls of methane fluxes, on the activity and structure of the involved microbial communities, and on their response to changing environmental conditions. For this purpose an integrated research strategy was applied, which connects trace gas flux measurements to soil ecological characterisation of permafrost habitats and molecular ecological analyses of microbial populations. Furthermore, methanogenic archaea isolated from Siberian permafrost have been used as potential keystone organisms for studying and assessing life under extreme living conditions. Long-term studies on methane fluxes were carried out since 1998. These studies revealed considerable seasonal and spatial variations of methane emissions for the different landscape units ranging from 0 to 362 mg m-2 d-1. For the overall balance of methane emissions from the entire delta, the first land cover classification based on Landsat images was performed and applied for an upscaling of the methane flux data sets. The regionally weighted mean daily methane emissions of the Lena Delta (10 mg m-2 d-1) are only one fifth of the values calculated for other Arctic tundra environments. The calculated annual methane emission of the Lena Delta amounts to about 0.03 Tg. The low methane emission rates obtained in this study are the result of the used remotely sensed high-resolution data basis, which provides a more realistic estimation of the real methane emissions on a regional scale. Soil temperature and near soil surface atmospheric turbulence were identified as the driving parameters of methane emissions. A flux model based on these variables explained variations of the methane budget corresponding to continuous processes of microbial methane production and oxidation, and gas diffusion through soil and plants reasonably well. The results show that the Lena Delta contributes significantly to the global methane balance because of its extensive wetland areas. The microbiological investigations showed that permafrost soils are colonized by high numbers of microorganisms. The total biomass is comparable to temperate soil ecosystems. Activities of methanogens and methanotrophs differed significantly in their rates and distribution patterns along both the vertical profiles and the different investigated soils. The methane production rates varied between 0.3 and 38.9 nmol h-1 g-1, while the methane oxidation ranged from 0.2 to 7.0 nmol h-1 g-1. Phylogenetic analyses of methanogenic communities revealed a distinct diversity of methanogens affiliated to Methanomicrobiaceae, Methanosarcinaceae and Methanosaetaceae, which partly form four specific permafrost clusters. The results demonstrate the close relationship between methane fluxes and the fundamental microbiological processes in permafrost soils. The microorganisms do not only survive in their extreme habitat but also can be metabolic active under in situ conditions. It was shown that a slight increase of the temperature can lead to a substantial increase in methanogenic activity within perennially frozen deposits. In case of degradation, this would lead to an extensive expansion of the methane deposits with their subsequent impacts on total methane budget. Further studies on the stress response of methanogenic archaea, especially Methanosarcina SMA-21, isolated from Siberian permafrost, revealed an unexpected resistance of the microorganisms against unfavourable living conditions. A better adaptation to environmental stress was observed at 4 °C compared to 28 °C. For the first time it could be demonstrated that methanogenic archaea from terrestrial permafrost even survived simulated Martian conditions. The results show that permafrost methanogens are more resistant than methanogens from non-permafrost environments under Mars-like climate conditions. Microorganisms comparable to methanogens from terrestrial permafrost can be seen as one of the most likely candidates for life on Mars due to their physiological potential and metabolic specificity.}, language = {en} } @article{WagnerKrauskopfKnigge2023, author = {Wagner, Simon and Krauskopf, Karsten and Knigge, Michel}, title = {Kollegiale Fallbesprechung anhand erfahrungsbasierter Textvignetten p{\"a}dagogischer Situationen in der (inklusionsorientierten) Lehrkr{\"a}ftebildung}, series = {PSI-Potsdam: Ergebnisbericht zu den Aktivit{\"a}ten im Rahmen der Qualit{\"a}tsoffensive Lehrerbildung (2019-2023) (Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Lehrerbildung und Bildungsforschung ; 3)}, journal = {PSI-Potsdam: Ergebnisbericht zu den Aktivit{\"a}ten im Rahmen der Qualit{\"a}tsoffensive Lehrerbildung (2019-2023) (Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Lehrerbildung und Bildungsforschung ; 3)}, number = {3}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-568-2}, issn = {2626-3556}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-61619}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-616194}, pages = {37 -- 52}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Lehramtsstudierende {\"a}ußern vielfach den Wunsch nach umfangreichen praktischen Lerngelegenheiten. Insbesondere fallbasierte Lehr-Lern-Konzepte scheinen diesen Anspr{\"u}chen gerecht zu werden. Dieser Beitrag stellt ein an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam entwickeltes Seminarkonzept vor, welches diesen Transfer zu f{\"o}rdern versucht. Die Basis des Konzepts bildet der Einsatz erfahrungsbasiert entwickelter Textvignetten p{\"a}dagogischer Situationen. Im Rahmen der Begleitseminare zum Praktikum in p{\"a}dagogisch-psychologischen Handlungsfeldern (PppH) wurde die kollegiale Fallbesprechung als eine Form zur angestrebten Transferf{\"o}rderung in dieses Seminarkonzept integriert. Dieser Beitrag skizziert zun{\"a}chst die erfahrungsbasierte Entwicklung der Vignetten sowie die theoretischen Grundlagen des Seminarkonzepts. Im Anschluss werden die praktische Implementation und erfahrungsbasierte konzeptionelle {\"A}nderung (design-based-research) in der Lehre beschrieben sowie erste Ergebnisse der systematischen empirischen Erprobung im Rahmen des PppH vorgestellt. Abschließend diskutieren die Autoren die Herausforderungen der praktischen Umsetzung auch mit Blick auf das Verstetigungsvorhaben.}, language = {de} } @article{WangCherstvyMetzleretal.2022, author = {Wang, Wei and Cherstvy, Andrey G. and Metzler, Ralf and Sokolov, Igor M.}, title = {Restoring ergodicity of stochastically reset anomalous-diffusion processes}, series = {Physical Review Research}, volume = {4}, journal = {Physical Review Research}, edition = {1}, publisher = {American Physical Society}, address = {College Park, Maryland, United States}, issn = {2643-1564}, doi = {10.1103/PhysRevResearch.4.013161}, pages = {013161-1 -- 013161-13}, year = {2022}, abstract = {How do different reset protocols affect ergodicity of a diffusion process in single-particle-tracking experiments? We here address the problem of resetting of an arbitrary stochastic anomalous-diffusion process (ADP) from the general mathematical points of view and assess ergodicity of such reset ADPs for an arbitrary resetting protocol. The process of stochastic resetting describes the events of the instantaneous restart of a particle's motion via randomly distributed returns to a preset initial position (or a set of those). The waiting times of such resetting events obey the Poissonian, Gamma, or more generic distributions with specified conditions regarding the existence of moments. Within these general approaches, we derive general analytical results and support them by computer simulations for the behavior of the reset mean-squared displacement (MSD), the new reset increment-MSD (iMSD), and the mean reset time-averaged MSD (TAMSD). For parental nonreset ADPs with the MSD(t)∝ tμ we find a generic behavior and a switch of the short-time growth of the reset iMSD and mean reset TAMSDs from ∝ _μ for subdiffusive to ∝ _1 for superdiffusive reset ADPs. The critical condition for a reset ADP that recovers its ergodicity is found to be more general than that for the nonequilibrium stationary state, where obviously the iMSD and the mean TAMSD are equal. The consideration of the new statistical quantifier, the iMSD—as compared to the standard MSD—restores the ergodicity of an arbitrary reset ADP in all situations when the μth moment of the waiting-time distribution of resetting events is finite. Potential applications of these new resetting results are, inter alia, in the area of biophysical and soft-matter systems.}, language = {en} } @article{WarschburgerPetersenvonRezorietal.2021, author = {Warschburger, Petra and Petersen, Ann-Christin and von Rezori, Roman Enzio and Buchallik, Friederike and Baumeister, Harald and Holl, Reinhard and Minden, Kirsten and M{\"u}ller-​Stierlin, Annabel Sandra and Reinauer, Christina and Staab, Doris and COACH consortium,}, title = {A prospective investigation of developmental trajectories of psychosocial adjustment in adolescents facing a chronic condition - study protocol of an observational, multi-center study}, series = {BMC Pediatrics}, volume = {21}, journal = {BMC Pediatrics}, publisher = {BMC pediatrics}, address = {London}, issn = {1471-2431}, doi = {10.1186/s12887-021-02869-9}, pages = {1 -- 13}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Background Relatively little is known about protective factors and the emergence and maintenance of positive outcomes in the field of adolescents with chronic conditions. Therefore, the primary aim of the study is to acquire a deeper understanding of the dynamic process of resilience factors, coping strategies and psychosocial adjustment of adolescents living with chronic conditions. Methods/design We plan to consecutively recruit N = 450 adolescents (12-21 years) from three German patient registries for chronic conditions (type 1 diabetes, cystic fibrosis, or juvenile idiopathic arthritis). Based on screening for anxiety and depression, adolescents are assigned to two parallel groups - "inconspicuous" (PHQ-9 and GAD-7 < 7) vs. "conspicuous" (PHQ-9 or GAD-7 ≥ 7) - participating in a prospective online survey at baseline and 12-month follow-up. At two time points (T1, T2), we assess (1) intra- and interpersonal resiliency factors, (2) coping strategies, and (3) health-related quality of life, well-being, satisfaction with life, anxiety and depression. Using a cross-lagged panel design, we will examine the bidirectional longitudinal relations between resiliency factors and coping strategies, psychological adaptation, and psychosocial adjustment. To monitor Covid-19 pandemic effects, participants are also invited to take part in an intermediate online survey. Discussion The study will provide a deeper understanding of adaptive, potentially modifiable processes and will therefore help to develop novel, tailored interventions supporting a positive adaptation in youths with a chronic condition. These strategies should not only support those at risk but also promote the maintenance of a successful adaptation. Trial registration German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS), no. DRKS00025125. Registered on May 17, 2021.}, language = {en} } @article{WarschburgerWortmannGischetal.2022, author = {Warschburger, Petra and Wortmann, Hanna Rosalie and Gisch, Ulrike Alexandra and Baer, Nadja-Raphaela and Schenk, Liane and Anton, Verena and Bergmann, Manuela M.}, title = {An experimental approach to training interoceptive sensitivity}, series = {Nutrition Journal}, volume = {21}, journal = {Nutrition Journal}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {London}, issn = {1475-2891}, doi = {10.1186/s12937-022-00827-4}, pages = {16}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Background Eating in absence of hunger is quite common and often associated with an increased energy intake co-existent with a poorer food choice. Intuitive eating (IE), i.e., eating in accordance with internal hunger and satiety cues, may protect from overeating. IE, however, requires accurate perception and processing of one's own bodily signals, also referred to as interoceptive sensitivity. Training interoceptive sensitivity might therefore be an effective method to promote IE and prevent overeating. As most studies on eating behavior are conducted in younger adults and close social relationships influence health-related behavior, this study focuses on middle-aged and older couples. Methods The present pilot randomized intervention study aims at investigating the feasibility and effectiveness of a 21-day mindfulness-based training program designed to increase interoceptive sensitivity. A total of N = 60 couples participating in the NutriAct Family Study, aged 50-80 years, will be recruited. This randomized-controlled intervention study comprises three measurement points (pre-intervention, post-intervention, 4-week follow-up) and a 21-day training that consists of daily mindfulness-based guided audio exercises (e.g., body scan). A three-arm intervention study design is applied to compare two intervention groups (training together as a couple vs. training alone) with a control group (no training). Each measurement point includes the assessment of self-reported and objective indicators of interoceptive sensitivity (primary outcome), self-reported indicators of intuitive and maladaptive eating (secondary outcomes), and additional variables. A training evaluation applying focus group discussions will be conducted to assess participants' overall acceptance of the training and its feasibility. Discussion By investigating the feasibility and effectiveness of a mindfulness-based training program to increase interoceptive sensitivity, the present study will contribute to a deeper understanding of how to promote healthy eating in older age.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Weber2007, author = {Weber, Jens}, title = {Meso- und mikropor{\"o}se Hochleistungspolymere : Synthese, Analytik und Anwendungen}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-15994}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2007}, abstract = {Die Arbeit beschreibt die Synthese, Charakterisierung und Anwendung von meso- und mikropor{\"o}sen Hochleistungspolymeren. Im ersten Teil wird die Synthese von mesopor{\"o}sen Polybenzimidazol (PBI) auf der Basis einer Templatierungsmethode vorgestellt. Auf der Grundlage kommerzieller Monomere und Silikatnanopartikel sowie eines neuen Vernetzers wurde ein Polymer-Silikat-Hybridmaterial aufgebaut. Das Herausl{\"o}sen des Silikats mit Ammoniumhydrogendifluorid f{\"u}hrt zu mesopor{\"o}sen Polybenzimidazolen mit spherischen Poren von 9 bis 11 nm Durchmesser. Die Abh{\"a}ngigkeit der beobachteten Porosit{\"a}t vom Massenverh{\"a}ltnis Silikat zu Polymer wurde ebenso untersucht wie die Abh{\"a}ngigkeit der Porosit{\"a}t vom Vernetzergehalt. Die Porosit{\"a}t vollvernetzter Proben zeigt eine lineare Abh{\"a}ngigkeit vom Verh{\"a}ltnis Silikat zu Polymer bis zu einem Grenzwert von 1. Wird der Grenzwert {\"u}berschritten, ist teilweiser Porenkollaps zu beobachten. Die Abh{\"a}ngigkeit der Porosit{\"a}t vom Vernetzergehalt bei festem Silikatgehalt ist nichtlinear. Oberhalb einer kritischen Vernetzerkonzentration wird eine komplette Replikation der Nanopartikel gefunden. Ist die Vernetzerkonzentration dagegen kleiner als der kritische Wert, so ist der v{\"o}llige Kollaps einiger Poren bei Stabilit{\"a}t der verbleibenden Poren zu beobachten. Ein komplett unpor{\"o}ses PBI resultiert bei Abwesenheit des Vernetzers. Die mesopor{\"o}sen PBI-Netzwerke konnten kontrolliert mit Phosphors{\"a}ure beladen werden. Die erhaltenen Addukte wurden auf ihre Protonenleitf{\"a}higkeit untersucht. Es kann gezeigt werden, dass die Nutzung der vordefinierten Morphologie im Vergleich zu einem unstrukturierten PBI in h{\"o}heren Leitf{\"a}higkeiten resultiert. Durch die vernetzte Struktur war des Weiteren gen{\"u}gend mechanische Stabilit{\"a}t gegeben, um die Addukte reversibel und bei sehr guten Leitf{\"a}higkeiten bis zu Temperaturen von 190°C bei 0\% relativer Feuchtigkeit zu untersuchen. Dies ist f{\"u}r unstrukturierte Phosphors{\"a}ure/PBI - Addukte aus linearem PBI nicht m{\"o}glich. Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit wird die Synthese intrinsisch mikropor{\"o}ser Polyamide und Polyimide vorgestellt. Das Konzept intrinsisch mikropor{\"o}ser Polymere konnte damit auf weitere Polymerklassen ausgeweitet werden. Als zentrales, strukturinduzierendes Motiv wurde 9,9'-Spirobifluoren gew{\"a}hlt. Dieses Molek{\"u}l ist leicht und vielf{\"a}ltig zu di- bzw. tetrafunktionellen Monomeren modifizierbar. Dabei wurden bestehende Synthesevorschriften modifiziert bzw. neue Vorschriften entwickelt. Ein erster Schwerpunkt innerhalb des Kapitels lag in der Synthese und Charakterisierung von l{\"o}slichen, intrinsisch mikropor{\"o}sen, aromatischen Polyamid und Polyimid. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass das Beobachten von Mikroporosit{\"a}t stark von der molekularen Architektur und der Verarbeitung der Polymere abh{\"a}ngig ist. Die Charakterisierung der Porosit{\"a}t erfolgte unter Nutzung von Stickstoffsorption, Kleinwinkelr{\"o}ntgenstreuung und Molecular Modeling. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass die Proben stark vom Umgebungsdruck abh{\"a}ngigen Deformationen unterliegen. Die starke Quellung der Proben w{\"a}hrend des Sorptionsvorgangs konnte durch Anwendung des "dual sorption" Modells, also dem Auftreten von Porenf{\"u}llung und dadurch induzierter Henry-Sorption, erkl{\"a}rt werden. Der zweite Schwerpunkt des Kapitels beschreibt die Synthese und Charakterisierung mikropor{\"o}ser Polyamid- und Polyimidnetzwerke. W{\"a}hrend Polyimidnetzwerke auf Spirobifluorenbasis ausgepr{\"a}gte Mikroporosit{\"a}t und spezifische Oberfl{\"a}chen von ca. 1100 m²/g aufwiesen, war die Situation f{\"u}r entsprechende Polyamidnetzwerke abweichend. Mittels Stickstoffsorption konnte keine Mikroporosit{\"a}t nachgewiesen werden, jedoch konnte mittels SAXS eine innere Grenzfl{\"a}che von ca. 300 m²/g nachgewiesen werden. Durch die in dieser Arbeit gezeigten Experimente kann die Grenze zwischen Polymeren mit hohem freien Volumen und mikropor{\"o}sen Polymeren somit etwas genauer gezogen werden. ausgepr{\"a}gte Mikroporosit{\"a}t kann nur in extrem steifen Strukturen nachgewiesen werden. Die Kombination der Konzepte "Mesoporosit{\"a}t durch Templatierung" und "Mikroporosit{\"a}t durch strukturierte Monomere" hatte ein hierarchisch strukturiertes Polybenzimidazol zum Ergebnis. Die Pr{\"a}senz einer Strukturierung im molekularen Maßstab konnte SAXS bewiesen werden. Das so strukturierte Polybenzimidazol zeichnete sich durch eine h{\"o}here Protonenleitf{\"a}higkeit im Vergleich zu einem rein mesopor{\"o}sen PBI aus. Der letzte Teil der Arbeit besch{\"a}ftigte sich mit der Entwicklung einer neuen Synthesemethode zur Herstellung von Polybenzimidazol. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass lineares PBI in einer eutektischen Salzschmelze aus Lithium- und Kaliumchlorid synthetisiert werden kann. Die Umsetzung der spirobifluorenbasierten Monomere zu l{\"o}slichem oder vernetztem PBI ist in der Salzschmelze m{\"o}glich.}, language = {de} } @book{Weber1998, author = {Weber, Steffen}, title = {Der Einfluß wohlfahrtsstaatlicher Charakteristika auf individuelle gesellschaftlich-politische Einstellungen}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-12806}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {1998}, abstract = {Ziel der Arbeit ist es, einen Vorschlag zur Untersuchung des Mikro-Makro Links zu unterbreiten. Die zentrale These ist, daß die in der westlichen Welt entstandenen Wohlfahrtsstaaten seit ihrer Entstehung wesentlich die Einstellungen der in ihnen lebenden Bev{\"o}lkerung beeinflußt haben. Inhalt: Die Unterscheidung von Wohlfahrtsstaaten Die Untersuchung von Mikro- Makrozusammenh{\"a}ngen Der Zusammenhang zwischen wohlfahrtsstaatlichen Regimetypen und individuellen Einstellungen - Der Markt-Staat Index - Der Akzeptanz arbeitender M{\"u}tter Index}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{WedernikovSlivaEbseevetal.2013, author = {Wedernikov, Nikolaij T. and Sliva, Anatolij J. and Ebseev, Boris S. and Mitjukov, Mitjukov, Michail Alekseevič and Bobrowa, Vera K. and Yustus, Ekaterina and Postier, R{\"u}diger and Schulze, Carola and Hoof, Karsten and Steinhorst, Lars and Straschun, Boris A. and Narutto, Svetlana Vasil'evna and Michaleva, Nadezda A. and Fadeev, Vladimir Ivanovič and Warlen, Maria V.}, title = {Verfassungsgerichtsbarkeit in der Russischen F{\"o}deration und in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland}, editor = {Schulze, Carola and Fadeev, Vladimir Ivanovič}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, organization = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam, Juristische Fakult{\"a}t}, isbn = {978-3-86956-267-4}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-67861}, pages = {XX, 152}, year = {2013}, abstract = {Der Tagungsband enth{\"a}lt die Referate und Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge des in Moskau an der Staatlichen Juristischen Kutafin-Universit{\"a}t am 9. und 10. Oktober 2012 durchgef{\"u}hrten Rundtischgespr{\"a}ches zur Verfassungsgerichtsbarkeit. Behandelt werden ausgew{\"a}hlte rechtshistorische und -politische Fragen sowie aktuelle rechtliche Probleme der Verfassungsgerichtsbarkeit in der Russischen F{\"o}deration und der Bundesrepublik Deutschland sowohl aus der Sicht der Rechtspraxis als auch der Wissenschaft: insbesondere die Entwicklung der Verfassungsgerichtsbarkeit in Geschichte und Gegenwart, Status, Rechtsnatur und Aufgaben des Verfassungsgerichts in den Subjekten der F{\"o}deration und in den L{\"a}ndern sowie Verfassungsgericht und Gesetzgebung. Zudem werden Spezialfragen der Verfassungsgerichtsbarkeit er{\"o}rtert, z.B. die Institution des Bevollm{\"a}chtigten Vertreters des Pr{\"a}sidenten im Verfassungsgericht in Russland, der Eilrechtsschutz durch das BVerfG und der Rechtsschutz bei {\"u}berlangen Verfahren vor dem BVerfG in Deutschland.}, language = {de} } @book{Weigand2004, author = {Weigand, Judith}, title = {Geschlechtsspezifische Erwerbsverl{\"a}ufe im internationalen Vergleich}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10750}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2004}, abstract = {Ziel der hier durchgef{\"u}hrten Analyse war es herauszufinden, ob und inwieweit sich unterschiedliche Wohlfahrtsstaaten auf das Erwerbsverhalten von Frauen nach der Geburt des ersten Kindes auswirken. Dazu wurde ein deutsch-britischer L{\"a}ndervergleich angestellt. Die beiden L{\"a}nder dienten exemplarisch f{\"u}r den konservativ-korporatistischen (Deutschland) und den liberalen (Großbritannien) Wohlfahrtsstaatstypus. Inhalt: Teil I Theoretischer Hintergrund 1 Zum Begriff des "Wohlfahrtsstaates" 1.1 Wohlfahrtsstaatstypologien nach Esping-Andersen 2 Wohlfahrtsstaat und Geschlechterverh{\"a}ltnisse 2.1 Kulturelle Rahmenbedingungen zur Erkl{\"a}rung unterschiedlichen Erwerbsverhaltens 3 Der deutsche und der britische Wohlfahrtsstaat 3.1 Wohlfahrtsstaatliche Rahmenbedingungen 3.1.1 M{\"o}glichkeiten der Kinderbetreuung 3.1.2 Systeme der Ehegattenbesteuerung 3.1.3 Familienpolitische Regulierungen 3.2 Kulturelle Unterschiede - Entwicklungen der Geschlechterverh{\"a}ltnisse in Deutschland und Großbritannien 3.2.1 Die Entwicklung der Geschlechterverh{\"a}ltnisse in Ost- und Westdeutschland 3.2.2 Die Entwicklung der Geschlechterverh{\"a}ltnisse in Großbritannien 4 Die Bedeutung von Teilzeitbesch{\"a}ftigung f{\"u}r Frauen 5 Der Einfluss von Bildung und Bildungssystemen auf die Erwerbst{\"a}tigkeit von Frauen Teil II Empirische Analyse 6 Hypothesenbildung 7 Der Datensatz 8 Ergebnisse 8.1 Deutschland und Großbritannien im Vergleich 8.2 Deutschland - Großbritannien nach Bildungsgruppen Fazit}, language = {de} } @article{WeithoffBell2022, author = {Weithoff, Guntram and Bell, Elanor Margaret}, title = {Complex Trophic Interactions in an Acidophilic Microbial Community}, series = {Microorganisms}, volume = {10}, journal = {Microorganisms}, edition = {7}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel, Schweiz}, issn = {2076-2607}, doi = {10.3390/microorganisms10071340}, pages = {1 -- 10}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Extreme habitats often harbor specific communities that differ substantially from non-extreme habitats. In many cases, these communities are characterized by archaea, bacteria and protists, whereas the number of species of metazoa and higher plants is relatively low. In extremely acidic habitats, mostly prokaryotes and protists thrive, and only very few metazoa thrive, for example, rotifers. Since many studies have investigated the physiology and ecology of individual species, there is still a gap in research on direct, trophic interactions among extremophiles. To fill this gap, we experimentally studied the trophic interactions between a predatory protist (Actinophrys sol, Heliozoa) and its prey, the rotifers Elosa woralli and Cephalodella sp., the ciliate Urosomoida sp. and the mixotrophic protist Chlamydomonas acidophila (a green phytoflagellate, Chlorophyta). We found substantial predation pressure on all animal prey. High densities of Chlamydomonas acidophila reduced the predation impact on the rotifers by interfering with the feeding behaviour of A. sol. These trophic relations represent a natural case of intraguild predation, with Chlamydomonas acidophila being the common prey and the rotifers/ciliate and A. sol being the intraguild prey and predator, respectively. We further studied this intraguild predation along a resource gradient using Cephalodella sp. as the intraguild prey. The interactions among the three species led to an increase in relative rotifer abundance with increasing resource (Chlamydomonas) densities. By applying a series of laboratory experiments, we revealed the complexity of trophic interactions within a natural extremophilic community.}, language = {en} } @book{WeissVerlaanVasquezCarruthersetal.2022, author = {Weiß, Norman and Verlaan, Stephanie and Vasquez Carruthers, Juan Francisco and Mair, Theresa and Conner, Sean and Maaser, Lucas and R{\"o}thlisberger, Livia}, title = {Transitional Justice}, series = {Potsdamer Studien zu Staat, Recht und Politik}, journal = {Potsdamer Studien zu Staat, Recht und Politik}, number = {7}, editor = {Weiß, Norman}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-473-9}, issn = {1869-2443}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-43171}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-431711}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {194}, year = {2022}, abstract = {This publication deals with the topic of transitional justice. In six case studies, the authors link theoretical and practical implications in order to develop some innovative approaches. Their proposals might help to deal more effectively with the transition of societies, legal orders and political systems. Young academics from various backgrounds provide fresh insights and demonstrate the relevance of the topic. The chapters analyse transitions and conflicts in Sierra Leone, Argentina, Nicaragua, Nepal, and South Sudan as well as Germany's colonial genocide in Namibia. Thus, the book provides the reader with new insights and contributes to the ongoing debate about transitional justice.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Wenk2020, author = {Wenk, Sebastian}, title = {Engineering formatotrophic growth in Escherichia coli}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {V, 107}, year = {2020}, abstract = {To meet the demands of a growing world population while reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, it is necessary to capture CO2 and convert it into value-added compounds. In recent years, metabolic engineering of microbes has gained strong momentum as a strategy for the production of valuable chemicals. As common microbial feedstocks like glucose directly compete with human consumption, the one carbon (C1) compound formate was suggested as an alternative feedstock. Formate can be easily produced by various means including electrochemical reduction of CO2 and could serve as a feedstock for microbial production, hence presenting a novel entry point for CO2 to the biosphere and a storage option for excess electricity. Compared to the gaseous molecule CO2, formate is a highly soluble compound that can be easily handled and stored. It can serve as a carbon and energy source for natural formatotrophs, but these microbes are difficult to cultivate and engineer. In this work, I present the results of several projects that aim to establish efficient formatotrophic growth of E. coli - which cannot naturally grow on formate - via synthetic formate assimilation pathways. In the first study, I establish a workflow for growth-coupled metabolic engineering of E. coli. I demonstrate this approach by presenting an engineering scheme for the PFL-threonine cycle, a synthetic pathway for anaerobic formate assimilation in E. coli. The described methods are intended to create a standardized toolbox for engineers that aim to establish novel metabolic routes in E. coli and related organisms. The second chapter presents a study on the catalytic efficiency of C1-oxidizing enzymes in vivo. As formatotrophic growth requires generation of both energy and biomass from formate, the engineered E. coli strains need to be equipped with a highly efficient formate dehydrogenase, which provides reduction equivalents and ATP for formate assimilation. I engineered a strain that cannot generate reducing power and energy for cellular growth, when fed on acetate. Under this condition, the strain depends on the introduction of an enzymatic system for NADH regeneration, which could further produce ATP via oxidative phosphorylation. I show that the strain presents a valuable testing platform for C1-oxidizing enzymes by testing different NAD-dependent formate and methanol dehydrogenases in the energy auxotroph strain. Using this platform, several candidate enzymes with high in vivo activity, were identified and characterized as potential energy-generating systems for synthetic formatotrophic or methylotrophic growth in E. coli.   In the third chapter, I present the establishment of the serine threonine cycle (STC) - a synthetic formate assimilation pathway - in E. coli. In this pathway, formate is assimilated via formate tetrahydrofolate ligase (FtfL) from Methylobacterium extorquens (M. extorquens). The carbon from formate is attached to glycine to produce serine, which is converted into pyruvate entering central metabolism. Via the natural threonine synthesis and cleavage route, glycine is regenerated and acetyl-CoA is produced as the pathway product. I engineered several selection strains that depend on different STC modules for growth and determined key enzymes that enable high flux through threonine synthesis and cleavage. I could show that expression of an auxiliary formate dehydrogenase was required to achieve growth via threonine synthesis and cleavage on pyruvate. By overexpressing most of the pathway enzymes from the genome, and applying adaptive laboratory evolution, growth on glycine and formate was achieved, indicating the activity of the complete cycle. The fourth chapter shows the establishment of the reductive glycine pathway (rGP) - a short, linear formate assimilation route - in E. coli. As in the STC, formate is assimilated via M. extorquens FtfL. The C1 from formate is condensed with CO2 via the reverse reaction of the glycine cleavage system to produce glycine. Another carbon from formate is attached to glycine to form serine, which is assimilated into central metabolism via pyruvate. The engineered E. coli strain, expressing most of the pathway genes from the genome, can grow via the rGP with formate or methanol as a sole carbon and energy source.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Werhahn2023, author = {Werhahn, Maria}, title = {Simulating galaxy evolution with cosmic rays: the multi-frequency view}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-57285}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-572851}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {5, 220}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Cosmic rays (CRs) constitute an important component of the interstellar medium (ISM) of galaxies and are thought to play an essential role in governing their evolution. In particular, they are able to impact the dynamics of a galaxy by driving galactic outflows or heating the ISM and thereby affecting the efficiency of star-formation. Hence, in order to understand galaxy formation and evolution, we need to accurately model this non-thermal constituent of the ISM. But except in our local environment within the Milky Way, we do not have the ability to measure CRs directly in other galaxies. However, there are many ways to indirectly observe CRs via the radiation they emit due to their interaction with magnetic and interstellar radiation fields as well as with the ISM. In this work, I develop a numerical framework to calculate the spectral distribution of CRs in simulations of isolated galaxies where a steady-state between injection and cooling is assumed. Furthermore, I calculate the non-thermal emission processes arising from the modelled CR proton and electron spectra ranging from radio wavelengths up to the very high-energy gamma-ray regime. I apply this code to a number of high-resolution magneto-hydrodynamical (MHD) simulations of isolated galaxies, where CRs are included. This allows me to study their CR spectra and compare them to observations of the CR proton and electron spectra by the Voyager-1 satellite and the AMS-02 instrument in order to reveal the origin of the measured spectral features. Furthermore, I provide detailed emission maps, luminosities and spectra of the non-thermal emission from our simulated galaxies that range from dwarfs to Milk-Way analogues to starburst galaxies at different evolutionary stages. I successfully reproduce the observed relations between the radio and gamma-ray luminosities with the far-infrared (FIR) emission of star-forming (SF) galaxies, respectively, where the latter is a good tracer of the star-formation rate. I find that highly SF galaxies are close to the limit where their CR population would lose all of their energy due to the emission of radiation, whereas CRs tend to escape low SF galaxies more quickly. On top of that, I investigate the properties of CR transport that are needed in order to match the observed gamma-ray spectra. Furthermore, I uncover the underlying processes that enable the FIR-radio correlation (FRC) to be maintained even in starburst galaxies and find that thermal free-free-emission naturally explains the observed radio spectra in SF galaxies like M82 and NGC 253 thus solving the riddle of flat radio spectra that have been proposed to contradict the observed tight FRC. Lastly, I scrutinise the steady-state modelling of the CR proton component by investigating for the first time the influence of spectrally resolved CR transport in MHD simulations on the hadronic gamma-ray emission of SF galaxies revealing new insights into the observational signatures of CR transport both spectrally and spatially.}, language = {en} } @article{WestphalKalinowskiHoferichteretal.2022, author = {Westphal, Andrea and Kalinowski, Eva and Hoferichter, Clara Josepha and Vock, Miriam}, title = {K-12 teachers' stress and burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review}, series = {Frontiers in Psychology}, journal = {Frontiers in Psychology}, publisher = {Frontiers}, address = {Lausanne, Schweiz}, issn = {1664-1078}, doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2022.920326}, pages = {1 -- 29}, year = {2022}, abstract = {We present the first systematic literature review on stress and burnout in K-12 teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on a systematic literature search, we identified 17 studies that included 9,874 K-12 teachers from around the world. These studies showed some indication that burnout did increase during the COVID-19 pandemic. There were, however, almost no differences in the levels of stress and burnout experienced by K-12 teachers compared to individuals employed in other occupational fields. School principals' leadership styles emerged as an organizational characteristic that is highly relevant for K-12 teachers' levels of stress and burnout. Individual teacher characteristics associated with burnout were K-12 teachers' personality, self-efficacy in online teaching, and perceived vulnerability to COVID-19. In order to reduce stress, there was an indication that stress-management training in combination with training in technology use for teaching may be superior to stress-management training alone. Future research needs to adopt more longitudinal designs and examine the interplay between individual and organizational characteristics in the development of teacher stress and burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond.}, language = {en} } @article{Wienfort2023, author = {Wienfort, Monika}, title = {Die Preußische Seehandlung im Lexikon im 19. Jahrhundert}, series = {Die Preußische Seehandlung zwischen Markt, Staat und Kultur : 40 Jahre Stiftung Preußische Seehandlung}, journal = {Die Preußische Seehandlung zwischen Markt, Staat und Kultur : 40 Jahre Stiftung Preußische Seehandlung}, editor = {Wienfort, Monika}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-562-0}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-59990}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-599907}, pages = {129 -- 150}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Im 19. Jahrhundert waren Konversationslexika, wie der Name schon andeutet, dazu gedacht, die Konversation in Salon und Vereinen mit Informationen zu bereichern. In den einzelnen Artikeln wurde auf Pr{\"a}zision, Genauigkeit und {\"U}berpr{\"u}fbarkeit gesetzt, um der Leserschaft auch ein eigenes Urteil zu erm{\"o}glichen. Die „Seehandlungs-Societ{\"a}t in Preußen" oder „Seehandlung, preußische", wie sie in deutschen Lexika vorkommt, wandelte sich im 19. Jahrhundert zur Staatsbank. In der ersten H{\"a}lfte des 19. Jahrhunderts fielen die Urteile der Lexika meist ablehnend aus: Die Seehandlung erschien als eine wirtschaftspolitisch katastrophale Fehlentwicklung. Eine besondere Rolle spielte der Pr{\"a}sident Christian (von) Rother, der die Seehandlung zum selbst{\"a}ndigen Unternehmen gemacht hatte. Der Wandel der allgemeinen Lexika in der zweiten H{\"a}lfte des 19. Jahrhunderts ver{\"a}nderte auch die Sicht auf die Seehandlung. Die Gesch{\"a}fte der Bank wurden positiv hervorgehoben, die Beurteilungen verwiesen auf Statistiken und Bilanzen. Der Fokus r{\"u}ckte von den leitenden Personen der Seehandlung hin zum Kampf um Handelsmonopole und den preußischen Landtag als {\"o}ffentlichem Forum. Das vernichtende Urteil der ersten H{\"a}lfte des 19. Jahrhunderts war einer differenzierten Bewertung der Bankent{\"a}tigkeit gewichen.}, language = {de} } @article{WiepkeMiklashevsky2021, author = {Wiepke, Axel P. and Miklashevsky, Alex}, title = {Imaginary Worlds and Their Borders: An Opinion Article}, series = {Frontiers Media SA}, volume = {12}, journal = {Frontiers Media SA}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne, Schweiz}, issn = {1664-1078}, doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2021.793764}, pages = {1 -- 2}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{WilbertBoernertRinglebLueke2022, author = {Wilbert, J{\"u}rgen and B{\"o}rnert-Ringleb, Moritz and L{\"u}ke, Timo}, title = {Statistical Power of Piecewise Regression Analyses of Single-Case Experimental Studies Addressing Behavior Problems}, series = {Frontiers in Education}, volume = {7}, journal = {Frontiers in Education}, publisher = {Frontiers Media}, address = {Lausanne, Schweiz}, issn = {2504-284X}, doi = {10.3389/feduc.2022.917944}, pages = {1 -- 13}, year = {2022}, abstract = {In intervention research, single-case experimental designs are an important way to gain insights into the causes of individual changes that yield high internal validity. They are commonly applied to examine the effectiveness of classroom-based interventions to reduce problem behavior in schools. At the same time, there is no consensus on good design characteristics of single-case experimental designs when dealing with behavioral problems in schools. Moreover, specific challenges arise concerning appropriate approaches to analyzing behavioral data. Our study addresses the interplay between the test power of piecewise regression analysis and important design specifications of single-case research designs. Here, we focus on the influence of the following specifications of single-case research designs: number of measurement times, the initial frequency of the behavior, intervention effect, and data trend. We conducted a Monte-Carlo study. First, simulated datasets were created with specific design conditions based on reviews of published single-case intervention studies. Following, data were analyzed using piecewise Poisson-regression models, and the influence of specific design specifications on the test power was investigated. Our results indicate that piecewise regressions have a high potential of adequately identifying the effects of interventions for single-case studies. At the same time, test power is strongly related to the specific design specifications of the single-case study: Few measurement times, especially in phase A, and low initial frequencies of the behavior make it impossible to detect even large intervention effects. Research designs with a high number of measurement times show robust power. The insights gained are highly relevant for researchers in the field, as decisions during the early stage of conceptualizing and planning single-case experimental design studies may impact the chance to identify an existing intervention effect during the research process correctly.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{WindirschWoiwode2024, author = {Windirsch-Woiwode, Torben}, title = {Permafrost carbon stabilisation by recreating a herbivore-driven ecosystem}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-62424}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-624240}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {X, 104, A-57}, year = {2024}, abstract = {With Arctic ground as a huge and temperature-sensitive carbon reservoir, maintaining low ground temperatures and frozen conditions to prevent further carbon emissions that contrib-ute to global climate warming is a key element in humankind's fight to maintain habitable con-ditions on earth. Former studies showed that during the late Pleistocene, Arctic ground condi-tions were generally colder and more stable as the result of an ecosystem dominated by large herbivorous mammals and vast extents of graminoid vegetation - the mammoth steppe. Characterised by high plant productivity (grassland) and low ground insulation due to animal-caused compression and removal of snow, this ecosystem enabled deep permafrost aggrad-ation. Now, with tundra and shrub vegetation common in the terrestrial Arctic, these effects are not in place anymore. However, it appears to be possible to recreate this ecosystem local-ly by artificially increasing animal numbers, and hence keep Arctic ground cold to reduce or-ganic matter decomposition and carbon release into the atmosphere. By measuring thaw depth, total organic carbon and total nitrogen content, stable carbon iso-tope ratio, radiocarbon age, n-alkane and alcohol characteristics and assessing dominant vegetation types along grazing intensity transects in two contrasting Arctic areas, it was found that recreating conditions locally, similar to the mammoth steppe, seems to be possible. For permafrost-affected soil, it was shown that intensive grazing in direct comparison to non-grazed areas reduces active layer depth and leads to higher TOC contents in the active layer soil. For soil only frozen on top in winter, an increase of TOC with grazing intensity could not be found, most likely because of confounding factors such as vertical water and carbon movement, which is not possible with an impermeable layer in permafrost. In both areas, high animal activity led to a vegetation transformation towards species-poor graminoid-dominated landscapes with less shrubs. Lipid biomarker analysis revealed that, even though the available organic material is different between the study areas, in both permafrost-affected and sea-sonally frozen soils the organic material in sites affected by high animal activity was less de-composed than under less intensive grazing pressure. In conclusion, high animal activity af-fects decomposition processes in Arctic soils and the ground thermal regime, visible from reduced active layer depth in permafrost areas. Therefore, grazing management might be utilised to locally stabilise permafrost and reduce Arctic carbon emissions in the future, but is likely not scalable to the entire permafrost region.}, language = {en} } @article{WippertNiedererDriessleinetal.2020, author = {Wippert, Pia-Maria and Niederer, Daniel and Drießlein, David and Beck, Heidrun and Banzer, Winfried Eberhard and Schneider, Christian and Schiltenwolf, Marcus and Mayer, Frank}, title = {Psychosocial Moderators and Mediators of Sensorimotor Exercise in Low Back Pain: A Randomized Multicenter Controlled Trial}, series = {Frontiers in Psychiatry}, volume = {12}, journal = {Frontiers in Psychiatry}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne, Schweiz}, issn = {1664-0640}, doi = {10.3389/fpsyt.2021.629474}, pages = {1 -- 16}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The effects of exercise interventions on unspecific chronic low back pain (CLBP) have been investigated in many studies, but the results are inconclusive regarding exercise types, efficiency, and sustainability. This may be because the influence of psychosocial factors on exercise induced adaptation regarding CLBP is neglected. Therefore, this study assessed psychosocial characteristics, which moderate and mediate the effects of sensorimotor exercise on LBP. A single-blind 3-arm multicenter randomized controlled trial was conducted for 12-weeks. Three exercise groups, sensorimotor exercise (SMT), sensorimotor and behavioral training (SMT-BT), and regular routines (CG) were randomly assigned to 662 volunteers. Primary outcomes (pain intensity and disability) and psychosocial characteristics were assessed at baseline (M1) and follow-up (3/6/12/24 weeks, M2-M5). Multiple regression models were used to analyze whether psychosocial characteristics are moderators of the relationship between exercise and pain, meaning that psychosocial factors and exercise interact. Causal mediation analysis were conducted to analyze, whether psychosocial characteristics mediate the exercise effect on pain. A total of 453 participants with intermittent pain (mean age = 39.5 ± 12.2 years, f = 62\%) completed the training. It was shown, that depressive symptomatology (at M4, M5), vital exhaustion (at M4), and perceived social support (at M5) are significant moderators of the relationship between exercise and the reduction of pain intensity. Further depressive mood (at M4), social-satisfaction (at M4), and anxiety (at M5 SMT) significantly moderate the exercise effect on pain disability. The amount of moderation was of clinical relevance. In contrast, there were no psychosocial variables which mediated exercise effects on pain. In conclusion it was shown, that psychosocial variables can be moderators in the relationship between sensorimotor exercise induced adaptation on CLBP which may explain conflicting results in the past regarding the merit of exercise interventions in CLBP. Results suggest further an early identification of psychosocial risk factors by diagnostic tools, which may essential support the planning of personalized exercise therapy. Level of Evidence: Level I. Clinical Trial Registration: DRKS00004977, LOE: I, MiSpEx: grant-number: 080102A/11-14. https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML\&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00004977.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Wischnewski2011, author = {Wischnewski, Juliane}, title = {Reconstructing climate variability on the Tibetan Plateau : comparing aquatic and terrestrial signals}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-52453}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2011}, abstract = {Spatial and temporal temperature and moisture patterns across the Tibetan Plateau are very complex. The onset and magnitude of the Holocene climate optimum in the Asian monsoon realm, in particular, is a subject of considerable debate as this time period is often used as an analogue for recent global warming. In the light of contradictory inferences regarding past climate and environmental change on the Tibetan Plateau, I have attempted to explain mismatches in the timing and magnitude of change. Therefore, I analysed the temporal variation of fossil pollen and diatom spectra and the geochemical record from palaeo-ecological records covering different time scales (late Quaternary and the last 200 years) from two core regions in the NE and SE Tibetan Plateau. For interpretation purposes I combined my data with other available palaeo-ecological data to set up corresponding aquatic and terrestrial proxy data sets of two lake pairs and two sets of sites. I focused on the direct comparison of proxies representing lacustrine response to climate signals (e.g., diatoms, ostracods, geochemical record) and proxies representing changes in the terrestrial environment (i.e., terrestrial pollen), in order to asses whether the lake and its catchments respond at similar times and magnitudes to environmental changes. Therefore, I introduced the established numerical technique procrustes rotation as a new approach in palaeoecology to quantitatively compare raw data of any two sedimentary records of interest in order to assess their degree of concordance. Focusing on the late Quaternary, sediment cores from two lakes (Kuhai Lake 35.3°N; 99.2°E; 4150 m asl; and Koucha Lake 34.0°N; 97.2°E; 4540 m asl) on the semi-arid northeastern Tibetan Plateau were analysed to identify post-glacial vegetation and environmental changes, and to investigate the responses of lake ecosystems to such changes. Based on the pollen record, five major vegetation and climate changes could be identified: (1) A shift from alpine desert to alpine steppe indicates a change from cold, dry conditions to warmer and more moist conditions at 14.8 cal. ka BP, (2) alpine steppe with tundra elements points to conditions of higher effective moisture and a stepwise warming climate at 13.6 cal. ka BP, (3) the appearance of high-alpine meadow vegetation indicates a further change towards increased moisture, but with colder temperatures, at 7.0 cal. ka BP, (4) the reoccurrence of alpine steppe with desert elements suggests a return to a significantly colder and drier phase at 6.3 cal. ka BP, and (5) the establishment of alpine steppe-meadow vegetation indicates a change back to relatively moist conditions at 2.2 cal. ka BP. To place the reconstructed climate inferences from the NE Tibetan Plateau into the context of Holocene moisture evolution across the Tibetan Plateau, I applied a five-scale moisture index and average link clustering to all available continuous pollen and non-pollen palaeoclimate records from the Tibetan Plateau, in an attempt to detect coherent regional and temporal patterns of moisture evolution on the Plateau. However, no common temporal or spatial pattern of moisture evolution during the Holocene could be detected, which can be assigned to the complex responses of different proxies to environmental changes in an already very heterogeneous mountain landscape, where minor differences in elevation can result in marked variations in microenvironments. Focusing on the past 200 years, I analysed the sedimentary records (LC6 Lake 29.5°N, 94.3°E, 4132 m asl; and Wuxu Lake 29.9°N, 101.1°E, 3705 m asl) from the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. I found that despite presumed significant temperature increases over that period, pollen and diatom records from the SE Tibetan Plateau reveal only very subtle changes throughout their profiles. The compositional species turnover investigated over the last 200 years appears relatively low in comparison to the species reorganisations during the Holocene. The results indicate that climatically induced ecological thresholds are not yet crossed, but that human activity has an increasing influence, particularly on the terrestrial ecosystem. Forest clearances and reforestation have not caused forest decline in our study area, but a conversion of natural forests to semi-natural secondary forests. The results from the numerical proxy comparison of the two sets of two pairs of Tibetan lakes indicate that the use of different proxies and the work with palaeo-ecological records from different lake types can cause deviant stories of inferred change. Irrespective of the timescale (Holocene or last 200 years) or region (SE or NE Tibetan Plateau) analysed, the agreement in terms of the direction, timing, and magnitude of change between the corresponding terrestrial data sets is generally better than the match between the corresponding lacustrine data sets, suggesting that lacustrine proxies may partly be influenced by in-lake or local catchment processes whereas the terrestrial proxy reflects a more regional climatic signal. The current disaccord on coherent temporal and spatial climate patterns on the Tibetan Plateau can partly be ascribed to the complexity of proxy response and lake systems on the Tibetan Plateau. Therefore, a multi-proxy, multi-site approach is important in order to gain a reliable climate interpretation for the complex mountain landscape of the Tibetan Plateau.}, language = {en} } @book{WistSchaeferVogleretal.2010, author = {Wist, Dominic and Schaefer, Mark and Vogler, Walter and Wollowski, Ralf}, title = {STG decomposition : internal communication for SI implementability}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-037-3}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-40786}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {36}, year = {2010}, abstract = {STG decomposition is a promising approach to tackle the complexity problems arising in logic synthesis of speed independent circuits, a robust asynchronous (i.e. clockless) circuit type. Unfortunately, STG decomposition can result in components that in isolation have irreducible CSC conflicts. Generalising earlier work, it is shown how to resolve such conflicts by introducing internal communication between the components via structural techniques only.}, language = {en} } @unpublished{WittKurthsKrauseetal.1994, author = {Witt, Annette and Kurths, J{\"u}rgen and Krause, F. and Fischer, K.}, title = {On the validity of a model for the reversals of the Earth's magnetic field}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-13460}, year = {1994}, abstract = {We have used techniques of nonlinear dynamics to compare a special model for the reversals of the Earth's magnetic field with the observational data. Although this model is rather simple, there is no essential difference to the data by means of well-known characteristics, such as correlation function and probability distribution. Applying methods of symbolic dynamics we have found that the considered model is not able to describe the dynamical properties of the observed process. These significant differences are expressed by algorithmic complexity and Renyi information.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Witt2018, author = {Witt, Tanja Ivonne}, title = {Camera Monitoring at volcanoes}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-421073}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {viii, 140}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Basaltic fissure eruptions, such as on Hawai'i or on Iceland, are thought to be driven by the lateral propagation of feeder dikes and graben subsidence. Associated solid earth processes, such as deformation and structural development, are well studied by means of geophysical and geodetic technologies. The eruptions themselves, lava fountaining and venting dynamics, in turn, have been much less investigated due to hazardous access, local dimension, fast processes, and resulting poor data availability. This thesis provides a detailed quantitative understanding of the shape and dynamics of lava fountains and the morphological changes at their respective eruption sites. For this purpose, I apply image processing techniques, including drones and fixed installed cameras, to the sequence of frames of video records from two well-known fissure eruptions in Hawai'i and Iceland. This way I extract the dimensions of multiple lava fountains, visible in all frames. By putting these results together and considering the acquisition times of the frames I quantify the variations in height, width and eruption velocity of the lava fountains. Then I analyse these time-series in both time and frequency domains and investigate the similarities and correlations between adjacent lava fountains. Following this procedure, I am able to link the dynamics of the individual lava fountains to physical parameters of the magma transport in the feeder dyke of the fountains. The first case study in this thesis focuses on the March 2011 Pu'u'O'o eruption, Hawai'i, where a continuous pulsating behaviour at all eight lava fountains has been observed. The lava fountains, even those from different parts of the fissure that are closely connected, show a similar frequency content and eruption behaviour. The regular pattern in the heights of lava fountain suggests a controlling process within the magma feeder system like a hydraulic connection in the underlying dyke, affecting or even controlling the pulsating behaviour. The second case study addresses the 2014-2015 Holuhraun fissure eruption, Iceland. In this case, the feeder dyke is highlighted by the surface expressions of graben-like structures and fault systems. At the eruption site, the activity decreases from a continuous line of fire of ~60 vents to a limited number of lava fountains. This can be explained by preferred upwards magma movements through vertical structures of the pre-eruptive morphology. Seismic tremors during the eruption reveal vent opening at the surface and/or pressure changes in the feeder dyke. The evolving topography of the cinder cones during the eruption interacts with the lava fountain behaviour. Local variations in the lava fountain height and width are controlled by the conduit diameter, the depth of the lava pond and the shape of the crater. Modelling of the fountain heights shows that long-term eruption behaviour is controlled mainly by pressure changes in the feeder dyke. This research consists of six chapters with four papers, including two first author and two co-author papers. It establishes a new method to analyse lava fountain dynamics by video monitoring. The comparison with the seismicity, geomorphologic and structural expressions of fissure eruptions shows a complex relationship between focussed flow through dykes, the morphology of the cinder cones, and the lava fountain dynamics at the vents of a fissure eruption.}, language = {en} } @article{WochatzSchraplauEngeletal.2022, author = {Wochatz, Monique and Schraplau, Anne and Engel, Tilman and Zecher, Mahli Megan and Sharon, Hadar and Alt, Yasmin and Mayer, Frank and Kalron, Alon}, title = {Application of eccentric training in various clinical populations}, series = {PLoS ONE}, volume = {17}, journal = {PLoS ONE}, number = {12}, publisher = {Public Library of Science}, address = {San Francisco, California, USA}, issn = {1932-6203}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0270875}, pages = {15}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Physical activity and exercise are effective approaches in prevention and therapy of multiple diseases. Although the specific characteristics of lengthening contractions have the potential to be beneficial in many clinical conditions, eccentric training is not commonly used in clinical populations with metabolic, orthopaedic, or neurologic conditions. The purpose of this pilot study is to investigate the feasibility, functional benefits, and systemic responses of an eccentric exercise program focused on the trunk and lower extremities in people with low back pain (LBP) and multiple sclerosis (MS). A six-week eccentric training program with three weekly sessions is performed by people with LBP and MS. The program consists of ten exercises addressing strength of the trunk and lower extremities. The study follows a four-group design (N = 12 per group) in two study centers (Israel and Germany): three groups perform the eccentric training program: A) control group (healthy, asymptomatic); B) people with LBP; C) people with MS; group D (people with MS) receives standard care physiotherapy. Baseline measurements are conducted before first training, post-measurement takes place after the last session both comprise blood sampling, self-reported questionnaires, mobility, balance, and strength testing. The feasibility of the eccentric training program will be evaluated using quantitative and qualitative measures related to the study process, compliance and adherence, safety, and overall program assessment. For preliminary assessment of potential intervention effects, surrogate parameters related to mobility, postural control, muscle strength and systemic effects are assessed. The presented study will add knowledge regarding safety, feasibility, and initial effects of eccentric training in people with orthopaedic and neurological conditions. The simple exercises, that are easily modifiable in complexity and intensity, are likely beneficial to other populations. Thus, multiple applications and implementation pathways for the herein presented training program are conceivable.}, language = {en} } @article{WrightWachsHuang2020, author = {Wright, Michelle F. and Wachs, Sebastian and Huang, Zheng}, title = {Adolescents' Popularity-Motivated Aggression and Prosocial Behaviors: The Roles of Callous-Unemotional Traits and Social Status Insecurity}, series = {Frontiers in Psychology}, journal = {Frontiers in Psychology}, publisher = {Frontiers}, address = {Lausanne, Schweiz}, issn = {1664-1078}, doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2021.606865}, pages = {1 -- 8}, year = {2020}, abstract = {As competition over peer status becomes intense during adolescence, some adolescents develop insecure feelings regarding their social standing among their peers (i.e., social status insecurity). These adolescents sometimes use aggression to defend or promote their status. The aim of this study was to examine the relationships among social status insecurity, callous-unemotional (CU) traits, and popularity-motivated aggression and prosocial behaviors among adolescents, while controlling for gender. Another purpose was to examine the potential moderating role of CU traits in these relationships. Participants were 1,047 (49.2\% girls; Mage = 12.44 years; age range from 11 to 14 years) in the 7th or 8th grades from a large Midwestern city. They completed questionnaires on social status insecurity, CU traits, and popularity-motivated relational aggression, physical aggression, cyberaggression, and prosocial behaviors. A structural regression model was conducted, with gender as a covariate. The model had adequate fit. Social status insecurity was associated positively with callousness, unemotional, and popularity-motivated aggression and related negatively to popularity-motivated prosocial behaviors. High social status insecurity was related to greater popularity-motivated aggression when adolescents had high callousness traits. The findings have implications for understanding the individual characteristics associated with social status insecurity.}, language = {en} } @article{WulffMientusNowaketal.2023, author = {Wulff, Peter and Mientus, Lukas and Nowak, Anna and Borowski, Andreas}, title = {KI-basierte Auswertung von schriftlichen Unterrichtsreflexionen im Fach Physik und automatisierte R{\"u}ckmeldung}, series = {PSI-Potsdam: Ergebnisbericht zu den Aktivit{\"a}ten im Rahmen der Qualit{\"a}tsoffensive Lehrerbildung (2019-2023) (Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Lehrerbildung und Bildungsforschung ; 3)}, journal = {PSI-Potsdam: Ergebnisbericht zu den Aktivit{\"a}ten im Rahmen der Qualit{\"a}tsoffensive Lehrerbildung (2019-2023) (Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Lehrerbildung und Bildungsforschung ; 3)}, number = {3}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-568-2}, issn = {2626-3556}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-61636}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-616363}, pages = {103 -- 115}, year = {2023}, abstract = {F{\"u}r die Entwicklung professioneller Handlungskompetenzen angehender Lehrkr{\"a}fte stellt die Unterrichtsreflexion ein wichtiges Instrument dar, um Theoriewissen und Praxiserfahrungen in Beziehung zu setzen. Die Auswertung von Unterrichtsreflexionen und eine entsprechende R{\"u}ckmeldung stellt Forschende und Dozierende allerdings vor praktische wie theoretische Herausforderungen. Im Kontext der Forschung zu K{\"u}nstlicher Intelligenz (KI) entwickelte Methoden bieten hier neue Potenziale. Der Beitrag stellt {\"u}berblicksartig zwei Teilstudien vor, die mit Hilfe von KI-Methoden wie dem maschinellen Lernen untersuchen, inwieweit eine Auswertung von Unterrichtsreflexionen angehender Physiklehrkr{\"a}fte auf Basis eines theoretisch abgeleiteten Reflexionsmodells und die automatisierte R{\"u}ckmeldung hierzu m{\"o}glich sind. Dabei wurden unterschiedliche Ans{\"a}tze des maschinellen Lernens verwendet, um modellbasierte Klassifikation und Exploration von Themen in Unterrichtsreflexionen umzusetzen. Die Genauigkeit der Ergebnisse wurde vor allem durch sog. Große Sprachmodelle gesteigert, die auch den Transfer auf andere Standorte und F{\"a}cher erm{\"o}glichen. F{\"u}r die fachdidaktische Forschung bedeuten sie jedoch wiederum neue Herausforderungen, wie etwa systematische Verzerrungen und Intransparenz von Entscheidungen. Dennoch empfehlen wir, die Potenziale der KI-basierten Methoden gr{\"u}ndlicher zu erforschen und konsequent in der Praxis (etwa in Form von Webanwendungen) zu implementieren.}, language = {de} } @article{WutzlerHudsonThieken2022, author = {Wutzler, Bianca and Hudson, Paul and Thieken, Annegret}, title = {Adaptation strategies of flood-damaged businesses in Germany}, series = {Frontiers in Water}, journal = {Frontiers in Water}, publisher = {Frontiers Media SA}, address = {Lausanne, Schweiz}, issn = {2624-9375}, doi = {10.3389/frwa.2022.932061}, pages = {13}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Flood risk management in Germany follows an integrative approach in which both private households and businesses can make an important contribution to reducing flood damage by implementing property-level adaptation measures. While the flood adaptation behavior of private households has already been widely researched, comparatively less attention has been paid to the adaptation strategies of businesses. However, their ability to cope with flood risk plays an important role in the social and economic development of a flood-prone region. Therefore, using quantitative survey data, this study aims to identify different strategies and adaptation drivers of 557 businesses damaged by a riverine flood in 2013 and 104 businesses damaged by pluvial or flash floods between 2014 and 2017. Our results indicate that a low perceived self-efficacy may be an important factor that can reduce the motivation of businesses to adapt to flood risk. Furthermore, property-owners tended to act more proactively than tenants. In addition, high experience with previous flood events and low perceived response costs could strengthen proactive adaptation behavior. These findings should be considered in business-tailored risk communication.}, language = {en} } @article{XuZhouMetzleretal.2022, author = {Xu, Pengbo and Zhou, Tian and Metzler, Ralf and Deng, Weihua}, title = {Stochastic harmonic trapping of a L{\´e}vy walk}, series = {New journal of physics : the open-access journal for physics / Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft ; IOP, Institute of Physics}, volume = {24}, journal = {New journal of physics : the open-access journal for physics / Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft ; IOP, Institute of Physics}, number = {3}, publisher = {Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft}, address = {Bad Honnef}, issn = {1367-2630}, doi = {10.1088/1367-2630/ac5282}, pages = {1 -- 28}, year = {2022}, abstract = {We introduce and study a L{\´e}vy walk (LW) model of particle spreading with a finite propagation speed combined with soft resets, stochastically occurring periods in which an harmonic external potential is switched on and forces the particle towards a specific position. Soft resets avoid instantaneous relocation of particles that in certain physical settings may be considered unphysical. Moreover, soft resets do not have a specific resetting point but lead the particle towards a resetting point by a restoring Hookean force. Depending on the exact choice for the LW waiting time density and the probability density of the periods when the harmonic potential is switched on, we demonstrate a rich emerging response behaviour including ballistic motion and superdiffusion. When the confinement periods of the soft-reset events are dominant, we observe a particle localisation with an associated non-equilibrium steady state. In this case the stationary particle probability density function turns out to acquire multimodal states. Our derivations are based on Markov chain ideas and LWs with multiple internal states, an approach that may be useful and flexible for the investigation of other generalised random walks with soft and hard resets. The spreading efficiency of soft-rest LWs is characterised by the first-passage time statistic.}, language = {en} } @article{YangKimTuomainenetal.2022, author = {Yang, Jingdan and Kim, Jae-Hyun and Tuomainen, Outi and Rattanasone, Nan Xu}, title = {Bilingual Mandarin-English preschoolers' spoken narrative skills and contributing factors}, series = {Frontiers in Psyhology}, volume = {13}, journal = {Frontiers in Psyhology}, publisher = {Frontiers Media SA}, address = {Lausanne, Schweiz}, issn = {1664-1078}, doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2022.797602}, pages = {12}, year = {2022}, abstract = {This study examined the spoken narrative skills of a group of bilingual Mandarin-English speaking 3-6-year-olds (N = 25) in Australia, using a remote online story-retell task. Bilingual preschoolers are an understudied population, especially those who are speaking typologically distinct languages such as Mandarin and English which have fewer structural overlaps compared to language pairs that are typologically closer, reducing cross-linguistic positive transfer. We examined these preschoolers' spoken narrative skills as measured by macrostructures (the global organization of a story) and microstructures (linguistic structures, e.g., total number of utterances, nouns, verbs, phrases, and modifiers) across and within each language, and how various factors such as age and language experiences contribute to individual variability. The results indicate that our bilingual preschoolers acquired spoken narrative skills similarly across their two languages, i.e., showing similar patterns of productivity for macrostructure and microstructure elements in both of their two languages. While chronological age was positively correlated with macrostructures in both languages (showing developmental effects), there were no significant correlations between measures of language experiences and the measures of spoken narrative skills (no effects for language input/output). The findings suggest that although these preschoolers acquire two typologically diverse languages in different learning environments, Mandarin at home with highly educated parents, and English at preschool, they displayed similar levels of oral narrative skills as far as these macro-/micro-structure measures are concerned. This study provides further evidence for the feasibility of remote online assessment of preschoolers' narrative skills.}, language = {en} } @misc{YeZhangWarbyetal.2022, author = {Ye, Fangyuan and Zhang, Shuo and Warby, Jonathan and Wu, Jiawei and Gutierrez-Partida, Emilio and Lang, Felix and Shah, Sahil and Saglamkaya, Elifnaz and Sun, Bowen and Zu, Fengshuo and Shoaee, Safa and Wang, Haifeng and Stiller, Burkhard and Neher, Dieter and Zhu, Wei-Hong and Stolterfoht, Martin and Wu, Yongzhen}, title = {Overcoming C₆₀-induced interfacial recombination in inverted perovskite solar cells by electron-transporting carborane}, series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {1317}, issn = {1866-8372}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-58770}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-587705}, pages = {12}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Inverted perovskite solar cells still suffer from significant non-radiative recombination losses at the perovskite surface and across the perovskite/C₆₀ interface, limiting the future development of perovskite-based single- and multi-junction photovoltaics. Therefore, more effective inter- or transport layers are urgently required. To tackle these recombination losses, we introduce ortho-carborane as an interlayer material that has a spherical molecular structure and a three-dimensional aromaticity. Based on a variety of experimental techniques, we show that ortho-carborane decorated with phenylamino groups effectively passivates the perovskite surface and essentially eliminates the non-radiative recombination loss across the perovskite/C₆₀ interface with high thermal stability. We further demonstrate the potential of carborane as an electron transport material, facilitating electron extraction while blocking holes from the interface. The resulting inverted perovskite solar cells deliver a power conversion efficiency of over 23\% with a low non-radiative voltage loss of 110 mV, and retain >97\% of the initial efficiency after 400 h of maximum power point tracking. Overall, the designed carborane based interlayer simultaneously enables passivation, electron-transport and hole-blocking and paves the way toward more efficient and stable perovskite solar cells.}, language = {en} } @article{YeZhangWarbyetal.2022, author = {Ye, Fangyuan and Zhang, Shuo and Warby, Jonathan and Wu, Jiawei and Gutierrez-Partida, Emilio and Lang, Felix and Shah, Sahil and Saglamkaya, Elifnaz and Sun, Bowen and Zu, Fengshuo and Shoai, Safa and Wang, Haifeng and Stiller, Burkhard and Neher, Dieter and Zhu, Wei-Hong and Stolterfoht, Martin and Wu, Yongzhen}, title = {Overcoming C₆₀-induced interfacial recombination in inverted perovskite solar cells by electron-transporting carborane}, series = {Nature Communications}, volume = {13}, journal = {Nature Communications}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {London}, issn = {2041-1723}, doi = {10.1038/s41467-022-34203-x}, pages = {12}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Inverted perovskite solar cells still suffer from significant non-radiative recombination losses at the perovskite surface and across the perovskite/C₆₀ interface, limiting the future development of perovskite-based single- and multi-junction photovoltaics. Therefore, more effective inter- or transport layers are urgently required. To tackle these recombination losses, we introduce ortho-carborane as an interlayer material that has a spherical molecular structure and a three-dimensional aromaticity. Based on a variety of experimental techniques, we show that ortho-carborane decorated with phenylamino groups effectively passivates the perovskite surface and essentially eliminates the non-radiative recombination loss across the perovskite/C₆₀ interface with high thermal stability. We further demonstrate the potential of carborane as an electron transport material, facilitating electron extraction while blocking holes from the interface. The resulting inverted perovskite solar cells deliver a power conversion efficiency of over 23\% with a low non-radiative voltage loss of 110 mV, and retain >97\% of the initial efficiency after 400 h of maximum power point tracking. Overall, the designed carborane based interlayer simultaneously enables passivation, electron-transport and hole-blocking and paves the way toward more efficient and stable perovskite solar cells.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Yishai2019, author = {Yishai, Oren}, title = {Engineering the reductive glycine pathway in Escherichia coli}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {86}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @book{Youssef2000, author = {Youssef, Mona}, title = {Sozialstrukturelle und {\"o}konomische Bestimmungsgr{\"u}nde der Wettbewerbsf{\"a}higkeit}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10652}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2000}, abstract = {Gegenstand der Untersuchung ist die Wettbewerbsf{\"a}higkeit der OECD-L{\"a}nder. Inhalt: 1. Einleitung 2. Ausgangspunkt der Untersuchung 3. Die theoretische Entwicklung des Pfadmodells 3.1. Die Zielvariablen 3.2. Die Einflußfaktoren der Wettbewerbsf{\"a}higkeit 4. Die empirische Analyse 4.1. Korrelationskoeffizienten 4.2. Multiple lineare Regression 5. Schlußbemerkungen}, language = {de} } @article{ZarubaGronostajAhlgrimmetal.2022, author = {Zaruba, Nicole and Gronostaj, Anna and Ahlgrimm, Frederik and Vock, Miriam}, title = {Die Entwicklung von Lehrkr{\"a}fte{\"u}berzeugungen im Praxissemester}, series = {Professionalisierung in Praxisphasen : Ergebnisse der Lehrerbildungsforschung an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Lehrerbildung und Bildungsforschung ; 2)}, journal = {Professionalisierung in Praxisphasen : Ergebnisse der Lehrerbildungsforschung an der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam (Potsdamer Beitr{\"a}ge zur Lehrerbildung und Bildungsforschung ; 2)}, number = {2}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-508-8}, issn = {2626-3556}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-57083}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-570839}, pages = {215 -- 234}, year = {2022}, abstract = {{\"U}berzeugungen zum Lehren und Lernen sind als Teil der professionellen Kompetenz von Lehrkr{\"a}ften bereits im Lehramtsstudium relevant und haben insbesondere in l{\"a}ngeren Praxisphasen Entwicklungspotenzial. Welche Faktoren f{\"u}r die Entwicklung von {\"U}berzeugungen in Praxisphasen von Bedeutung sind, ist bislang aber nur unzureichend erforscht. In Interviews haben wir N = 16 Studierende befragt, welche Lerngelegenheiten f{\"u}r die Entwicklung ihrer {\"U}berzeugungen im Praxissemester eine Rolle spielten. Dabei konnten wir mittels Inhaltsanalyse vier {\"u}bergeordnete Faktoren identifizieren: die universit{\"a}re Lernbegleitung, die Mentorinnen und Mentoren, die Sch{\"u}lerinnen und Sch{\"u}ler und die Reflexion eigener Unterrichtserfahrungen. Den Faktoren wurden untergeordnete Faktoren (z. B. Hospitationen durch Universit{\"a}tsdozierende) zugeordnet und es wird dargestellt, warum und unter welchen Umst{\"a}nden diese Lerngelegenheiten f{\"u}r die Entwicklung der {\"U}berzeugungen aus Studierendensicht relevant sind.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{ZeheBronstertItzerottetal.2006, author = {Zehe, Erwin and Bronstert, Axel and Itzerott, Sibylle and B{\´a}rdossy, Andr{\´a}s and Ihringer, J{\"u}rgen}, title = {Hochwasservorhersage, Großhangbewegungen, Schadstofftransport}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-7128}, year = {2006}, abstract = {Interdisziplin{\"a}res Zentrum f{\"u}r Musterdynamik und Angewandte Fernerkundung Workshop vom 9. - 10. Februar 2006}, language = {de} }