@inproceedings{KuhnertGuentnerKlannetal.2006,
  author    = {Kuhnert, Matthias and G{\"u}ntner, Andreas and Klann, Mechthild and Martin Garrido, F. and Zillgens, Birgit},
  title     = {Methods for spatial pattern comparison in distributed hydrological modelling : [Poster]},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-7160},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {The rigorous development, application and validation of distributed hydrological models obligates to evaluate data in a spatially distributed way. In particular, spatial model predictions such as the distribution of soil moisture, runoff generating areas or nutrient-contributing areas or erosion rates, are to be assessed against spatially distributed observations. Also model inputs, such as the distribution of modelling units derived by GIS and remote sensing analyses, should be evaluated against groundbased observations of landscape characteristics. So far, however, quantitative methods of spatial field comparison have rarely been used in hydrology. In this paper, we present algorithms that allow to compare observed and simulated spatial hydrological data. The methods can be applied for binary and categorical data on regular grids. They comprise cell-by-cell algorithms, cell-neighbourhood approaches that account for fuzziness of location, and multi-scale algorithms that evaluate the similarity of spatial fields with changing resolution. All methods provide a quantitative measure of the similarity of two maps. The comparison methods are applied in two mountainous catchments in southern Germany (Brugga, 40 km<sup>2) and Austria (L{\"o}hnersbach, 16 km<sup>2). As an example of binary hydrological data, the distribution of saturated areas is analyzed in both catchments. For categorical data, vegetation zones that are associated with different runoff generation mechanisms are analyzed in the L{\"o}hnersbach. Mapped spatial patterns are compared to simulated patterns from terrain index calculations and from satellite image analysis. It is discussed how particular features of visual similarity between the spatial fields are captured by the quantitative measures, leading to recommendations on suitable algorithms in the context of evaluating distributed hydrological models.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{WolskaKruijffKorbayova2006,
  author    = {Wolska, Magdalena and Kruijff-Korbayov{\´a}, Ivana},
  title     = {Modeling anaphora in informal mathematical dialogue},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10455},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {We analyze anaphoric phenomena in the context of building an input understanding component for a conversational system for tutoring mathematics. In this paper, we report the results of data analysis of two sets of corpora of dialogs on mathematical theorem proving. We exemplify anaphoric phenomena, identify factors relevant to anaphora resolution in our domain and extensions to the input interpretation component to support it.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KempsonCann2006,
  author    = {Kempson, Ruth and Cann, Ronnie},
  title     = {Dialogue pressures and syntactic change},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10469},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {On the basis of the Dynamic Syntax framework, this paper argues that the production pressures in dialogue determining alignment effects and given versus new informational effects also drive the shift from case-rich free word order systems without clitic pronouns into systems with clitic pronouns with rigid relative ordering. The paper introduces assumptions of Dynamic Syntax, in particular the building up of interpretation through structural underspecification and update, sketches the attendant account of production with close coordination of parsing and production strategies, and shows how what was at the Latin stage a purely pragmatic, production-driven decision about linear ordering becomes encoded in the clitics in theMedieval Spanish system which then through successive steps of routinization yield the modern systems with immediately pre-verbal fixed clitic templates.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{VlugterKnott2006,
  author    = {Vlugter, Peter and Knott, Alistair},
  title     = {A multi-speaker dialogue system for computer-aided language learning},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10208},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {The main topic of this paper is how to configure a dialogue system to support computer-aided language learning. The paper also serves to introduce our new multi-speaker dialogue system, and highlight some of its novel features.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{LoehmannsroebenBeckHildebrandtetal.2006,
  author    = {L{\"o}hmannsr{\"o}ben, Hans-Gerd and Beck, Michael and Hildebrandt, Niko and Schm{\"a}lzlin, Elmar and van Dongen, Joost T.},
  title     = {New challenges in biophotonics : laser-based fluoroimmuno analysis and in-vivo optical oxygen monitoring},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10120},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {Two examples of our biophotonic research utilizing nanoparticles are presented, namely laser-based fluoroimmuno analysis and in-vivo optical oxygen monitoring. Results of the work include significantly enhanced sensitivity of a homogeneous fluorescence immunoassay and markedly improved spatial resolution of oxygen gradients in root nodules of a legume species.},
  subject      = {Sauerstoff},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{NiederkruegerSalbBecketal.2006,
  author    = {Niederkr{\"u}ger, Matthias and Salb, Christian and Beck, Michael and Hildebrandt, Niko and L{\"o}hmannsr{\"o}ben, Hans-Gerd and Marowsky, Gerd},
  title     = {Improvement of a fluorescence immunoassay with a compact diode-pumped solid state laser at 315 nm},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10150},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {We demonstrate the improvement of fluorescence immunoassay (FIA) diagnostics in deploying a newly developed compact diode-pumped solid state (DPSS) laser with emission at 315 nm. The laser is based on the quasi-three-level transition in Nd:YAG at 946 nm. The pulsed operation is either realized by an active Q-switch using an electro-optical device or by introduction of a Cr<SUP>4+</SUP>:YAG saturable absorber as passive Q-switch element. By extra-cavity second harmonic generation in different nonlinear crystal media we obtained blue light at 473 nm. Subsequent mixing of the fundamental and the second harmonic in a β-barium-borate crystal provided pulsed emission at 315 nm with up to 20 μJ maximum pulse energy and 17 ns pulse duration. Substitution of a nitrogen laser in a FIA diagnostics system by the DPSS laser succeeded in considerable improvement of the detection limit. Despite significantly lower pulse energies (7 μJ DPSS laser versus 150 μJ nitrogen laser), in preliminary investigations the limit of detection was reduced by a factor of three for a typical FIA.},
  subject      = {Immunoassay},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Karagjosova2006,
  author    = {Karagjosova, Elena},
  title     = {Correction and acceptance by contrastive focus},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10258},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {An account is presented of the focus properties, common ground effect and dialogue behaviour of the accented German discourse marker "doch" and the accented sentence negation "nicht". It is argued that "doch" and "nicht" evoke as a focus alternative the logical complement of the proposition expressed by the sentence in which they occur, and that an analysis in terms of contrastive focus accounts for their effect on the common ground and their function in dialogue.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{MacuraGinzburg2006,
  author    = {Macura, Zoran and Ginzburg, Jonathan},
  title     = {Acquiring words across generations : introspectively or interactively?},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10408},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {How does a shared lexicon arise in population of agents with differing lexicons, and how can this shared lexicon be maintained over multiple generations? In order to get some insight into these questions we present an ALife model in which the lexicon dynamics of populations that possess and lack metacommunicative interaction (MCI) capabilities are compared. We ran a series of experiments on multi-generational populations whose initial state involved agents possessing distinct lexicons. These experiments reveal some clear differences in the lexicon dynamics of populations that acquire words solely by introspection contrasted with populations that learn using MCI or using a mixed strategy of introspection and MCI. The lexicon diverges at a faster rate for an introspective population, eventually collapsing to one single form which is associated with all meanings. This contrasts sharply with MCI capable populations in which a lexicon is maintained, where every meaning is associated with a unique word. We also investigated the effect of increasing the meaning space and showed that it speeds up the lexicon divergence for all populations irrespective of their acquisition method.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Thomas2006,
  author    = {Thomas, Kavita E.},
  title     = {Modelling Correction Signalled by "But" in Dialogue},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10308},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {Claiming that cross-speaker "but" can signal correction in dialogue, we start by describing the types of corrections "but" can communicate by focusing on the Speech Act (SA) communicated in the previous turn and address the ways in which "but" can correct what is communicated. We address whether "but" corrects the proposition, the direct SA or the discourse relation communicated in the previous turn. We will also briefly address other relations signalled by cross-turn "but". After presenting a typology of the situations "but" can correct, we will address how these corrections can be modelled in the Information State model of dialogue, motivating this work by showing how it can be used to potentially avoid misunderstandings. We wrap up by showing how the model presented here updates beliefs in the Information State representation of the dialogue and can be used to facilitate response deliberation.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{BeyssadeMarandin2006,
  author    = {Beyssade, Claire and Marandin, Jean-Marie},
  title     = {From complex to simple speech acts : a bidimensional analysis of illocutionary},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10319},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {We present a new analysis of illocutionary forces in dialogue. We analyze them as complex conversational moves involving two dimensions: what Speaker commits herself to and what she calls on Addressee to perform. We start from the analysis of speech acts such as confirmation requests or whimperatives, and extend the analysis to seemingly simple speech acts, such as statements and queries. Then, we show how to integrate our proposal in the framework of the Grammar for Conversation (Ginzburg, to app.), which is adequate for modelling agents' information states and how they get updated.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Hara2006,
  author    = {Hara, Yurie},
  title     = {Question intonation and lexicalized bias expression},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10323},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {This paper examines the interaction between different utterance types and the Japanese modal particle darou, and proposes that the decision-theoretic semantics accounts for the interaction among darou, sentence types and intonation.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{ArtsteinPoesio2006,
  author    = {Artstein, Ron and Poesio, Massimo},
  title     = {Identifying reference to abstract objects in dialogue},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10357},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {In two experiments, many annotators marked antecedents for discourse deixis as unconstrained regions of text. The experiments show that annotators do converge on the identity of these text regions, though much of what they do can be captured by a simple model. Demonstrative pronouns are more likely than definite descriptions to be marked with discourse antecedents. We suggest that our methodology is suitable for the systematic study of discourse deixis.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{LascaridesStone2006,
  author    = {Lascarides, Alex and Stone, Matthew},
  title     = {Formal semantics for iconic gesture},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10330},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {We present a formal analysis of iconic coverbal gesture. Our model describes the incomplete meaning of gesture that's derivable from its form, and the pragmatic reasoning that yields a more specific interpretation. Our formalism builds on established models of discourse interpretation to capture key insights from the descriptive literature on gesture: synchronous speech and gesture express a single thought, but while the form of iconic gesture is an important clue to its interpretation, the content of gesture can be resolved only by linking it to its context.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{LueckingRieserStaudacher2006,
  author    = {L{\"u}cking, Andy and Rieser, Hannes and Staudacher, Marc},
  title     = {SDRT and multi-modal situated communication},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10348},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {Classical SDRT (Asher and Lascarides, 2003) discussed essential features of dialogue like adjacency pairs or corrections and up-dating. Recent work in SDRT (Asher, 2002, 2005) aims at the description of natural dialogue. We use this work to model situated communication, i.e. dialogue, in which sub-sentential utterances and gestures (pointing and grasping) are used as conventional modes of communication. We show that in addition to cognitive modelling in SDRT, capturing mental states and speech-act related goals, special postulates are needed to extract meaning out of contexts. Gestural meaning anchors Discourse Referents in contextually given domains. Both sorts of meaning are fused with the meaning of fragments to get at fully developed dialogue moves. This task accomplished, the standard SDRT machinery, tagged SDRSs, rhetorical relations, the up-date mechanism, and the Maximize Discourse Coherence constraint generate coherent structures. In sum, meanings from different verbal and non-verbal sources are assembled using extended SDRT to form coherent wholes.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KranstedtLueckingPfeifferetal.2006,
  author    = {Kranstedt, Alfred and L{\"u}cking, Andy and Pfeiffer, Thies and Rieser, Hannes and Staudacher, Marc},
  title     = {Measuring and reconstructing pointing in visual contexts},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10362},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {We describe an experiment to gather original data on geometrical aspects of pointing. In particular, we are focusing upon the concept of the pointing cone, a geometrical model of a pointing's extension. In our setting we employed methodological and technical procedures of a new type to integrate data from annotations as well as from tracker recordings. We combined exact information on position and orientation with rater's classifications. Our first results seem to challenge classical linguistic and philosophical theories of demonstration in that they advise to separate pointings from reference.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{KaafaraniWexStrehmeletal.2002,
  author    = {Kaafarani, Bilal R. and Wex, Brigitte and Strehmel, Bernd and Neckers, Douglas C.},
  title     = {Structural concept for fluorinated Y-enynes with solvatochromic properties},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-13168},
  year      = {2002},
  abstract  = {An approach to the development of fluorescent probes to follow polymerizations in situ using fluorinated cross-conjugated enediynes (Y-enynes) is reported. Different substitution patterns in the Y-enynes result in distinct solvatochromic behavior. β,β-Bis(phenylethynyl)pentafluorostyrene 7, which bears no donor substituents and only fluorine at the styrene moiety, shows no solvatochromism. Donor substituted β,β-bis(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenylethynyl) pentafluorostyrene 8 and β,β-bis(4-butyl-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenylethynyl)-3,4,5-trimethoxystyrene 9 exhibit solvatochromism upon change of solvent polarity. Y-enyne 8 showed the largest solvatochromic shift (94 nm bathochromic shift) upon changing solvent from cyclohexane to acetonitrile. A smaller solvatochromic response (44 nm bathochromic shift) was observed for 9. Lippert-Mataga treatment of 8 and 9 yields slopes of -10,800 and -6,400 cm -1, respectively. This corresponds to a change in dipole moment of 9.6 and 6.9 D, respectively. The solvatochromic behavior in 8 and 9 supports the formation of an intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) state. The low fluorescence quantum yields are caused by competitive double bond rotation. The fluorescence decay time of 9 decreases in methyltetrahydrofuran from 2.1 ns at 77 K to 0.11 ns at 200 K. Efficient single bond rotation in 9 was frozen at -50 °C in a configuration in which the trimethoxyphenyl ring is perpendicular to the fluorinated rings. 7-9 are photostable compounds. The X-ray structure of 7 shows it is not planar and that its conjugation is distorted. Y-enyne 7 stacks in the solid state showing coulombic, actetylene-arene, and fluorine-π interactions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{MillsHealey2006,
  author    = {Mills, Gregory J. and Healey, Patrick G. T.},
  title     = {Clarifying spatial descriptions : local and global effects on semantic co-ordination},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10414},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {A key problem for models of dialogue is to explain the mechanisms involved in generating and responding to clarification requests. We report a 'Maze task' experiment that investigates the effect of 'spoof' clarification requests on the development of semantic co-ordination. The results provide evidence of both local and global semantic co-ordination phenomena that are not captured by existing dialogue co-ordination models.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{DzikovskaCallawayStoneetal.2006,
  author    = {Dzikovska, Myroslava O. and Callaway, Charles B. and Stone, Matthew and Moore, Johanna D.},
  title     = {Understanding student input for tutorial dialogue in procedural domains},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10193},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {We present an analysis of student language input in a corpus of tutoring dialogue in the domain of symbolic differentiation. Our focus on procedural tutoring makes the dialogue comparable to collaborative problem-solving (CPS). Existing CPS models describe the process of negotiating plans and goals, which also fits procedural tutoring. However, we provide a classification of student utterances and corpus annotation which shows that approximately 28\% of non-trivial student language in this corpus is not accounted for by existing models, and addresses other functions, such as evaluating past actions or correcting mistakes. Our analysis can be used as a foundation for improving models of tutoring dialogue.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{PueschelOppermannMuscholetal.1989,
  author    = {P{\"u}schel, Gerhard Paul and Oppermann, Martin and Muschol, Waldemar and G{\"o}tze, Otto and Jungermann, Kurt},
  title     = {Increase of glucose and lactate output and decrease of flow by human anaphylatoxin C3a but not C5a in perfused rat liver},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-16733},
  year      = {1989},
  abstract  = {The complement fragments C3a and C5a were purified from zymosan-activated human serum by column chromatographic procedures after the bulk of the proteins had been removed by acidic polyethylene glycol precipitation. In the isolated in situ perfused rat liver C3a increased glucose and lactate output and reduced flow. Its effects were enhanced in the presence of the carboxypeptidase inhibitor DL-mercaptomethyl-3-guanidinoethylthio-propanoic acid (MERGETPA) and abolished by preincubation of the anaphylatoxin with carboxypeptidase B or with Fab fragments of an anti-C3a monoclonal antibody. The C3a effects were partially inhibited by the thromboxane antagonist BM13505. C5a had no effect. It is concluded that locally but not systemically produced C3a may play an important role in the regulation of local metabolism and hemodynamics during inflammatory processes in the liver.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{BoegelButtHautlietal.2008,
  author    = {B{\"o}gel, Tina and Butt, Miriam and Hautli, Annette and Sulger, Sebastian},
  title     = {Developing a finite-state morphological analyzer for Urdu and Hindi},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27155},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {We introduce and discuss a number of issues that arise in the process of building a finite-state morphological analyzer for Urdu, in particular issues with potential ambiguity and non-concatenative morphology. Our approach allows for an underlyingly similar treatment of both Urdu and Hindi via a cascade of finite-state transducers that transliterates the very different scripts into a common ASCII transcription system. As this transliteration system is based on the XFST tools that the Urdu/Hindi common morphological analyzer is also implemented in, no compatibility problems arise.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{YliJyrae2008,
  author    = {Yli-Jyr{\"a}, Anssi},
  title     = {Applications of diamonded double negation},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27109},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {Nested complementation plays an important role in expressing counter- i.e. star-free and first-order definable languages and their hierarchies. In addition, methods that compile phonological rules into finite-state networks use double-nested complementation or "double negation". This paper reviews how the double-nested complementation extends to a relatively new operation, generalized restriction (GR), coined by the author (Yli-Jyr{\"a} and Koskenniemi 2004). This operation encapsulates a double-nested complementation and elimination of a concatenation marker, diamond, whose finite occurrences align concatenations in the arguments of the operation. The paper demonstrates that the GR operation has an interesting potential in expressing regular languages, various kinds of grammars, bimorphisms and relations. This motivates a further study of optimized implementation of the operator.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{BarbaianiCanceddaDanceetal.2008,
  author    = {Barbaiani, Mădălina and Cancedda, Nicola and Dance, Chris and Fazekas, Szil{\´a}rd and Ga{\´a}l, Tam{\´a}s and Gaussier, {\´E}ric},
  title     = {Asymmetric term alignment with selective contiguity constraints by multi-tape automata},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27115},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {This article describes a HMM-based word-alignment method that can selectively enforce a contiguity constraint. This method has a direct application in the extraction of a bilingual terminological lexicon from a parallel corpus, but can also be used as a preliminary step for the extraction of phrase pairs in a Phrase-Based Statistical Machine Translation system. Contiguous source words composing terms are aligned to contiguous target language words. The HMM is transformed into a Weighted Finite State Transducer (WFST) and contiguity constraints are enforced by specific multi-tape WFSTs. The proposed method is especially suited when basic linguistic resources (morphological analyzer, part-of-speech taggers and term extractors) are available for the source language only.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Karttunen2008,
  author    = {Karttunen, Lauri},
  title     = {New features in PARC finite state toolkits (Abstract)},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27085},
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{ElsenbeerCasselCastro1992,
  author    = {Elsenbeer, Helmut and Cassel, Keith and Castro, Jorge},
  title     = {Spatial analysis of soil hydraulic conductivity in a tropical rain forest catchment},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-16979},
  year      = {1992},
  abstract  = {The topography of first-order catchments in a region of western Amazonia was found to exhibit distinctive, recurrent features: a steep, straight lower side slope, a flat or nearly flat terrace at an intermediate elevation between valley floor and interfluve, and an upper side slope connecting interfluve and intermediate terrace. A detailed survey of soil-saturated hydraulic conductivity (K sat)-depth relationships, involving 740 undisturbed soil cores, was conducted in a 0.75-ha first-order catchment. The sampling approach was stratified with respect to the above slope units. Exploratory data analysis suggested fourth-root transformation of batches from the 0-0.1 m depth interval, log transformation of batches from the subsequent 0.1 m depth increments, and the use of robust estimators of location and scale. The K sat of the steep lower side slope decreased from 46 to 0.1 mm/h over the overall sampling depth of 0.4 m. The corresponding decrease was from 46 to 0.1 mm/h on the intermediate terrace, from 335 to 0.01 mm/h on the upper side slope, and from 550 to 0.015 mm/h on the interfluve. A depthwise comparison of these slope units led to the formulation of several hypotheses concerning the link between K sat and topography.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{YliJyrae2008,
  author    = {Yli-Jyr{\"a}, Anssi},
  title     = {Transducers from parallel replace rules and modes with generalized lenient composition},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27246},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {Generalized Two-Level Grammar (GTWOL) provides a new method for compilation of parallel replacement rules into transducers. The current paper identifies the role of generalized lenient composition (GLC) in this method. Thanks to the GLC operation, the compilation method becomes bipartite and easily extendible to capture various application modes. In the light of three notions of obligatoriness, a modification to the compilation method is proposed. We argue that the bipartite design makes implementation of parallel obligatoriness, directionality, length and rank based application modes extremely easy, which is the main result of the paper.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Saleschus2008,
  author    = {Sal{\´e}schus, Dirk},
  title     = {On resolving long distance dependencies in Russian verbs},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27235},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {Morphological analyses based on word syntax approaches can encounter difficulties with long distance dependencies. The reason is that in some cases an affix has to have access to the inner structure of the form with which it combines. One solution is the percolation of features from ther inner morphemes to the outer morphemes with some process of feature unification. However, the obstacle of percolation constraints or stipulated features has lead some linguists to argue in favour of other frameworks such as, e.g., realizational morphology or parallel approaches like optimality theory. This paper proposes a linguistic analysis of two long distance dependencies in the morphology of Russian verbs, namely secondary imperfectivization and deverbal nominalization.We show how these processes can be reanalysed as local dependencies. Although finitestate frameworks are not bound by such linguistically motivated considerations, we present an implementation of our analysis as proposed in [1] that does not complicate the grammar or enlarge the network unproportionally.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{IlarrazaGojenolaOronozetal.2008,
  author    = {Ilarraza, Arantza D{\´i}az de and Gojenola, Koldo and Oronoz, Maite and Otaegi, Maialen and Alegria, I{\~n}aki},
  title     = {Syntactic error detection and correction in date expressions using finite-state transducers},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27180},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {This paper presents a system for the detection and correction of syntactic errors. It combines a robust morphosyntactic analyser and two groups of finite-state transducers specified using the Xerox Finite State Tool (xfst). One of the groups is used for the description of syntactic error patterns while the second one is used for the correction of the detected errors. The system has been tested on a corpus of real texts, containing both correct and incorrect sentences, with good results.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Fernando2008,
  author    = {Fernando, Tim},
  title     = {Temporal propositions as regular languages},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27194},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {Temporal propositions are mapped to sets of strings that witness (in a precise sense) the propositions over discrete linear Kripke frames. The strings are collected into regular languages to ensure the decidability of entailments given by inclusions between languages. (Various notions of bounded entailment are shown to be expressible as language inclusions.) The languages unwind computations implicit in the logical (and temporal) connectives via a system of finite-state constraints adapted from finite-state morphology. Applications to Hybrid Logic and non-monotonic inertial reasoning are briefly considered.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Didakowski2008,
  author    = {Didakowski, J{\"o}rg},
  title     = {SynCoP : combining syntactic tagging with chunking using weighted finite state transducers},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27172},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {This paper describes the key aspects of the system SynCoP (Syntactic Constraint Parser) developed at the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften. The parser allows to combine syntactic tagging and chunking by means of constraint grammar using weighted finite state transducers (WFST). Chunks are interpreted as local dependency structures within syntactic tagging. The linguistic theories are formulated by criteria which are formalized by a semiring; these criteria allow structural preferences and gradual grammaticality. The parser is essentially a cascade of WFSTs. To find the most likely syntactic readings a best-path search is used.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{ZarriessSeeker2008,
  author    = {Zarrieß, Sina and Seeker, Wolfgang},
  title     = {Finite-state rule deduction for parsing non-constituent coordination},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27254},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {In this paper, we present a finite-state approach to constituency and therewith an analysis of coordination phenomena involving so-called non-constituents. We show that non-constituents can be seen as parts of fully-fledged constituents and therefore be coordinated in the same way. We have implemented an algorithm based on finite state automata that generates an LFG grammar assigning valid analyses to non-constituent coordination structures in the German language.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{GonzalezCasacuberta2008,
  author    = {Gonz{\´a}lez, Jorge and Casacuberta, Francisco},
  title     = {Phrase-based finite state models},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27209},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {In the last years, statistical machine translation has already demonstrated its usefulness within a wide variety of translation applications. In this line, phrase-based alignment models have become the reference to follow in order to build competitive systems. Finite state models are always an interesting framework because there are well-known efficient algorithms for their representation and manipulation. This document is a contribution to the evolution of finite state models towards a phrase-based approach. The inference of stochastic transducers that are based on bilingual phrases is carefully analysed from a finite state point of view. Indeed, the algorithmic phenomena that have to be taken into account in order to deal with such phrase-based finite state models when in decoding time are also in-depth detailed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{HerreHummel2010,
  author    = {Herre, Heinrich and Hummel, Axel},
  title     = {Stationary generated models of generalized logic programs},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41501},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {The interest in extensions of the logic programming paradigm beyond the class of normal logic programs is motivated by the need of an adequate representation and processing of knowledge. One of the most difficult problems in this area is to find an adequate declarative semantics for logic programs. In the present paper a general preference criterion is proposed that selects the 'intended' partial models of generalized logic programs which is a conservative extension of the stationary semantics for normal logic programs of [Prz91]. The presented preference criterion defines a partial model of a generalized logic program as intended if it is generated by a stationary chain. It turns out that the stationary generated models coincide with the stationary models on the class of normal logic programs. The general wellfounded semantics of such a program is defined as the set-theoretical intersection of its stationary generated models. For normal logic programs the general wellfounded semantics equals the wellfounded semantics.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{AbdennadherIsmailKhoury2010,
  author    = {Abdennadher, Slim and Ismail, Haythem and Khoury, Frederick},
  title     = {Transforming imperative algorithms to constraint handling rules},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41533},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {Different properties of programs, implemented in Constraint Handling Rules (CHR), have already been investigated. Proving these properties in CHR is fairly simpler than proving them in any type of imperative programming language, which triggered the proposal of a methodology to map imperative programs into equivalent CHR. The equivalence of both programs implies that if a property is satisfied for one, then it is satisfied for the other. The mapping methodology could be put to other beneficial uses. One such use is the automatic generation of global constraints, at an attempt to demonstrate the benefits of having a rule-based implementation for constraint solvers.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{BetzRaiserFruehwirth2010,
  author    = {Betz, Hariolf and Raiser, Frank and Fr{\"u}hwirth, Thom},
  title     = {Persistent constraints in constraint handling rules},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41547},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {In the most abstract definition of its operational semantics, the declarative and concurrent programming language CHR is trivially non-terminating for a significant class of programs. Common refinements of this definition, in closing the gap to real-world implementations, compromise on declarativity and/or concurrency. Building on recent work and the notion of persistent constraints, we introduce an operational semantics avoiding trivial non-termination without compromising on its essential features.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{OetschSchwengererTompits2010,
  author    = {Oetsch, Johannes and Schwengerer, Martin and Tompits, Hans},
  title     = {Kato: a plagiarism-detection tool for answer-set programs},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41485},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {We present the tool Kato which is, to the best of our knowledge, the first tool for plagiarism detection that is directly tailored for answer-set programming (ASP). Kato aims at finding similarities between (segments of) logic programs to help detecting cases of plagiarism. Currently, the tool is realised for DLV programs but it is designed to handle various logic-programming syntax versions. We review basic features and the underlying methodology of the tool.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Zhou2010,
  author    = {Zhou, Neng-Fa},
  title     = {What I have learned from all these solver competitions},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41431},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {In this talk, I would like to share my experiences gained from participating in four CSP solver competitions and the second ASP solver competition. In particular, I'll talk about how various programming techniques can make huge differences in solving some of the benchmark problems used in the competitions. These techniques include global constraints, table constraints, and problem-specific propagators and labeling strategies for selecting variables and values. I'll present these techniques with experimental results from B-Prolog and other CLP(FD) systems.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{HanusKoschnicke2010,
  author    = {Hanus, Michael and Koschnicke, Sven},
  title     = {An ER-based framework for declarative web programming},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41447},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {We describe a framework to support the implementation of web-based systems to manipulate data stored in relational databases. Since the conceptual model of a relational database is often specified as an entity-relationship (ER) model, we propose to use the ER model to generate a complete implementation in the declarative programming language Curry. This implementation contains operations to create and manipulate entities of the data model, supports authentication, authorization, session handling, and the composition of individual operations to user processes. Furthermore and most important, the implementation ensures the consistency of the database w.r.t. the data dependencies specified in the ER model, i.e., updates initiated by the user cannot lead to an inconsistent state of the database. In order to generate a high-level declarative implementation that can be easily adapted to individual customer requirements, the framework exploits previous works on declarative database programming and web user interface construction in Curry.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FiedlerSchwarz2005,
  author    = {Fiedler, Ines and Schwarz, Anne},
  title     = {Out-of-focus encoding in Gur and Kwa},
  series = {Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS ; working papers of the SFB 632},
  journal   = {Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS ; working papers of the SFB 632},
  number    = {3},
  issn      = {1866-4725},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-8739},
  pages     = {111 -- 142},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {This paper investigates the structural properties of morphosyntactically marked focus constructions, focussing on the often neglected non-focal sentence part in African tone languages. Based on new empirical evidence from five Gur and Kwa languages, we claim that these focus expressions have to be analysed as biclausal constructions even though they do not represent clefts containing restrictive relative clauses. First, we relativize the partly overgeneralized assumptions about structural correspondences between the out-of-focus part and relative clauses, and second, we show that our data do in fact support the hypothesis of a clause coordinating pattern as present in clause sequences in narration. It is argued that we deal with a non-accidental, systematic feature and that grammaticalization may conceal such basic narrative structures.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{JannedyMendozaDenton2005,
  author    = {Jannedy, Stefanie and Mendoza-Denton, Norma},
  title     = {Structuring information through gesture and intonation},
  series = {Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS ; working papers of the SFB 632},
  journal   = {Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS ; working papers of the SFB 632},
  number    = {3},
  issn      = {1866-4725},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-8774},
  pages     = {199 -- 244},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {Face-to-face communication is multimodal. In unscripted spoken discourse we can observe the interaction of several "semiotic layers", modalities of information such as syntax, discourse structure, gesture, and intonation. We explore the role of gesture and intonation in structuring and aligning information in spoken discourse through a study of the co-occurrence of pitch accents and gestural apices. Metaphorical spatialization through gesture also plays a role in conveying the contextual relationships between the speaker, the government and other external forces in a naturally-occurring political speech setting.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{TeichFankhauser2005,
  author    = {Teich, Elke and Fankhauser, Peter},
  title     = {Exploring lexical patterns in text},
  series = {Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS ; working papers of the SFB 632},
  journal   = {Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS ; working papers of the SFB 632},
  number    = {2},
  issn      = {1866-4725},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-8685},
  pages     = {129 -- 145},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {We present a system for the linguistic exploration and analysis of lexical cohesion in English texts. Using an electronic thesaurus-like resource, Princeton WordNet, and the Brown Corpus of English, we have implemented a process of annotating text with lexical chains and a graphical user interface for inspection of the annotated text. We describe the system and report on some sample linguistic analyses carried out using the combined thesaurus-corpus resource.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HartmannZimmermann2004,
  author    = {Hartmann, Katharina and Zimmermann, Malte},
  title     = {Focus strategies in chadic},
  series = {Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS ; working papers of the SFB 632},
  journal   = {Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS ; working papers of the SFB 632},
  number    = {1},
  issn      = {1866-4725},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-8423},
  pages     = {207 -- 243},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {We argue that the standard focus theories reach their limits when confronted with the focus systems of the Chadic languages. The backbone of the standard focus theories consists of two assumptions, both called into question by the languages under consideration. Firstly, it is standardly assumed that focus is generally marked by stress. The Chadic languages, however, exhibit a variety of different devices for focus marking. Secondly, it is assumed that focus is always marked. In Tangale, at least, focus is not marked consistently on all types of constituents. The paper offers two possible solutions to this dilemma.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Luedeling2005,
  author    = {L{\"u}deling, Anke},
  title     = {Heterogeneity and standardization in data, use, and annotation},
  series = {Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS ; working papers of the SFB 632},
  journal   = {Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS ; working papers of the SFB 632},
  number    = {2},
  issn      = {1866-4725},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-8643},
  pages     = {43 -- 54},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {This paper describes the standardization problems that come up in a diachronic corpus: it has to cope with differing standards with regard to diplomaticity, annotation, and header information. Such highly het-erogeneous texts must be standardized to allow for comparative re-search without (too much) loss of information.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Puls2007,
  author    = {Puls, Joachim},
  title     = {Discussion : X-rays},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18000},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {Clumping in hot-star winds : proceedings of an international workshop held in Potsdam, Germany, 18. - 22. June 2007},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{ChampagnatRoelly2008,
  author    = {Champagnat, Nicolas and Roelly, Sylvie},
  title     = {Limit theorems for conditioned multitype Dawson-Watanabe processes and Feller diffusions},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18610},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {A multitype Dawson-Watanabe process is conditioned, in subcritical and critical cases, on non-extinction in the remote future. On every finite time interval, its distribution is absolutely continuous with respect to the law of the unconditioned process. A martingale problem characterization is also given. Several results on the long time behavior of the conditioned mass process - the conditioned multitype Feller branching diffusion - are then proved. The general case is first considered, where the mutation matrix which models the interaction between the types, is irreducible. Several two-type models with decomposable mutation matrices are analyzed too .},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{PueschelHespelingOppermannetal.1993,
  author    = {P{\"u}schel, Gerhard Paul and Hespeling, Ursula and Oppermann, Martin and Dieter, Peter},
  title     = {Increase in prostanoid formation in rat liver macrophages (Kupffer cells) by human anaphylatoxin C3a},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-16716},
  year      = {1993},
  abstract  = {Human anaphylatoxin C3a increases glycogenolysis in perfused rat liver. This action is inhibited by prostanoid synthesis inhibitors and prostanoid antagonists. Because prostanoids but not anaphylatoxin C3a can increase glycogenolysis in hepatocytes, it has been proposed that prostanoid formation in nonparenchymal cells represents an important step in the C3a-dependent increase in hepatic glycogenolysis. This study shows that (a) human anaphylatoxin C3a (0.1 to 10 mug/ml) dose-dependently increased prostaglandin D2, thromboxane B, and prostaglandin F2alpha formation in rat liver macrophages (Kupffer cells); (b) the C3a-mediated increase in prostanoid formation was maximal after 2 min and showed tachyphylaxis; and (c) the C3a-elicited prostanoid formation could be inhibited specifically by preincubation of C3a with carboxypeptidase B to remove the essential C-terminal arginine or by preincubation of C3a with Fab fragments of a neutralizing monoclonal antibody. These data support the hypothesis that the C3a-dependent activation of hepatic glycogenolysis is mediated by way of a C3a-induced prostanoid production in Kupffer cells.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{PueschelNathJungermann1987,
  author    = {P{\"u}schel, Gerhard Paul and Nath, Annegret and Jungermann, Kurt},
  title     = {Increase of urate formation by stimulation of sympathetic hepatic nerves, circulating noradrenaline and glucagon inthe perfused rat liver},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-16728},
  year      = {1987},
  abstract  = {In the isolated rat liver perfused in situ stimulation of the nerve bundles around the portal vein and the hepatic artery caused an increase of urate formation that was inhibited by the α1-blocker prazosine and the xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol. Moreover, nerve stimulation increased glucose and lactate output and decreased perfusion flow. Infusion of noradrenaline had similar effects. Compared to nerve stimulation infusion of glucagon led to a less pronounced increase of urate formation and a twice as large increase in glucose output but a decrease in lactate release without affecting the flow rate. Insulin had no effect on any of the parameters studied.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Szeifert2007,
  author    = {Szeifert, T.},
  title     = {Wind variabilities and asymmetries in Luminous Blue Variables},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18146},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {Luminous Blue Variables show strong changes in their stellar wind on time scales of typically years to decades when they expand and contract radially at approximately constant luminosity. Micro-variability on shorter time scales and amplitudes can be observed superimposed to the larger scale radial changes. I will show long-term time series of high resolution spectra which we have collected in the past 20 years for many of the well known LBVs together with a few time series of weekly sampling (HR Car, R40, R71, R110, R127, S Dor) covering a time windows of up to a few months. Wind variability is seen on short and intermediate time scales with the line profiles changing from P Cygni to inverse P Cygni and double peeked profiles sometimes for the same star and spectral line. On longer time scales the ionisation levels for all chemical elements change drastically due to the strong change of the temperature on the stellar surface. While on the long term the characteristic radial changes may have impact on the over all mass loss rates, the variabilities and asymmetries on short and intermediate time scales may cause false estimates of the mass loss rates when confronting models with the observed line profiles},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Moffat2007,
  author    = {Moffat, Anthony F. J.},
  title     = {Observational overview of clumping in hot stellar winds},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17633},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {In the old days (pre ∼1990) hot stellar winds were assumed to be smooth, which made life fairly easy and bothered no one. Then after suspicious behaviour had been revealed, e.g. stochastic temporal variability in broadband polarimetry of single hot stars, it took the emerging CCD technology developed in the preceding decades (∼1970-80's) to reveal that these winds were far from smooth. It was mainly high-S/N, time-dependent spectroscopy of strong optical recombination emission lines in WR, and also a few OB and other stars with strong hot winds, that indicated all hot stellar winds likely to be pervaded by thousands of multiscale (compressible supersonic turbulent?) structures, whose driver is probably some kind of radiative instability. Quantitative estimates of clumping-independent mass-loss rates came from various fronts, mainly dependent directly on density (e.g. electron-scattering wings of emission lines, UV spectroscopy of weak resonance lines, and binary-star properties including orbital-period changes, electron-scattering, and X-ray fluxes from colliding winds) rather than the more common, easier-to-obtain but clumping-dependent density-squared diagnostics (e.g. free-free emission in the IR/radio and recombination lines, of which the favourite has always been Hα). Many big questions still remain, such as: What do the clumps really look like? Do clumping properties change as one recedes from the mother star? Is clumping universal? Does the relative clumping correction depend on \$\dot{M}\$ itself?},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{PulsMarkovaNajarroetal.2007,
  author    = {Puls, Joachim and Markova, N. and Najarro, F. and Hanson, M. M.},
  title     = {Clumping in O-star winds},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17683},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {We review various diagnostics of clumping in O-star winds, with special emphasis on its radial stratification. Implications and problems are discussed, and promising NIR methods are presented.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{StLouisMoffat2007,
  author    = {St-Louis, N. and Moffat, Anthony F. J.},
  title     = {Do clumping corrections increase with decreasing mass-loss rates?},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17696},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {We report on new mass-loss rate estimates for O stars in six massive binaries using the amplitude of orbital-phase dependent, linear-polarimetric variability caused by electron scattering off free electrons in the winds. Our estimated mass-loss rates for luminous O stars are independent of clumping. They suggest similar clumping corrections as for WR stars and do not support the recently proposed reduction in mass-loss rates of O stars by one or two orders of magnitude.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Smith2007,
  author    = {Smith, Nathan},
  title     = {Independent signs of lower mass-loss rates for O-type stars},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17659},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {I discuss observational evidence - independent of the direct spectral diagnostics of stellar winds themselves - suggesting that mass-loss rates for O stars need to be revised downward by roughly a factor of three or more, in line with recent observed mass-loss rates for clumped winds. These independent constraints include the large observed mass-loss rates in LBV eruptions, the large masses of evolved massive stars like LBVs and WNH stars, WR stars in lower metallicity environments, observed rotation rates of massive stars at different metallicity, supernovae that seem to defy expectations of high mass-loss rates in stellar evolution, and other clues. I pay particular attention to the role of feedback that would result from higher mass-loss rates, driving the star to the Eddington limit too soon, and therefore making higher rates appear highly implausible. Some of these arguments by themselves may have more than one interpretation, but together they paint a consistent picture that steady line-driven winds of O-type stars have lower mass-loss rates and are significantly clumped.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{VotrubaFeldmeierKubatetal.2007,
  author    = {Votruba, V. and Feldmeier, Achim and Kub{\´a}t, Jiř{\´i} and R{\"a}tzel, D.},
  title     = {Multicomponent stellar wind of hot stars},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17677},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {We developed a time-dependent multicomponent hydrodynamical code for simulation of the stellar wind from hot stars and applied it to stars with high and low density winds.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Lobel2007,
  author    = {Lobel, A.},
  title     = {Modeling DACs in UV lines of massive hot stars},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17856},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {We apply the 3-dimensional radiative transport codeWind3D to 3D hydrodynamic models of Corotating Interaction Regions to fit the detailed variability of Discrete Absorption Components observed in Si iv UV resonance lines of HD 64760 (B0.5 Ib). We discuss important effects of the hydrodynamic input parameters on these large-scale equatorial wind structures that determine the detailed morphology of the DACs computed with 3D transfer. The best fit model reveals that the CIR in HD 64760 is produced by a source at the base of the wind that lags behind the stellar surface rotation. The non-corotating coherent wind structure is an extended density wave produced by a local increase of only 0.6\% in the smooth symmetric wind mass-loss rate.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{PrinjaHodgesMassaetal.2007,
  author    = {Prinja, R. K. and Hodges, S. E. and Massa, D. L. and Fullerton, A. W. and Burnley, A. W.},
  title     = {Structure in the fast wind of NGC6543},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17788},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {We exploit time-series \$FUSE\$ spectroscopy to {\it uniquely} probe spatial structure and clumping in the fast wind of the central star of the H-rich planetary nebula NGC~6543 (HD~164963). Episodic and recurrent optical depth enhancements are discovered in the P{\sc v} absorption troughs, with some evidence for a \$\sim\$ 0.17-day modulation time-scale. The characteristics of these features are essentially identical to the discrete absorption components' (DACs) commonly seen in the UV lines of massive OB stars, suggesting the temporal structures seen in NGC~6543 likely have a physical origin that is similar to that operating in massive, luminous stars. The mechanism for forming coherent perturbations in the outflows is therefore apparently operating equally in the radiation-pressure-driven winds of widely differing momenta (\$\mdot\$\$v_\infty\$\$R_\star^{0.5}\$) and flow times, as represented by OB stars and CSPN.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Marchenko2007,
  author    = {Marchenko, S. V.},
  title     = {Wind inhomogeneities in low-Z environment : observations},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17769},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {We discuss the results of time-resolved spectroscopy of three presumably single Population I Wolf-Rayet stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud, where the ambient metallicity is \$\sim 1/5 Z_\odot\$. We were able to detect and follow numerous small-scale wind-embedded inhomogeneities in all observed stars. The general properties of the moving features, such as their velocity dispersions, emissivities and average accelerations, closely match the corresponding characteristics of small-scale inhomogeneities in the winds of Galactic Wolf-Rayet stars.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{NajarroPulsHerreroetal.2007,
  author    = {Najarro, F. and Puls, Joachim and Herrero, A. and Hanson, M. M. and Mart{\´i}n-Pintado, J. and Hillier, D. J.},
  title     = {Tracking the Clumping in OB Stars from UV to radio},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17701},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {We review different line and continua diagnostics from the UV to radio, which can be utilized to simultaneously constrain the clumping structure throughout the stellar wind of massive OB stars.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Massa2007,
  author    = {Massa, D. L.},
  title     = {Discussion: Spectroscopy and Mass-Loss Diagnostics},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17821},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{LiermannHamann2007,
  author    = {Liermann, A. and Hamann, Wolf-Rainer},
  title     = {Clumping in Galactic WN stars : a comparison of mass loss rates from UV/optical \& radio diagnostics},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17816},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {The mass loss rates and other parameters for a large sample of Galactic WN stars have been revised by Hamann et al. (2006), using the most up-to date Potsdam Wolf-Rayet (PoWR) model atmospheres. For a sub-sample of these stars exist measurements of their radio free-free emission. After harmonizing the adopted distance and terminal wind velocities, we compare the mass loss rates obtained from the two diagnostics. The differences are discussed as a possible consequence of different clumping contrast in the line-forming and radio-emitting regions.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{RaassenHuchtMilleretal.2007,
  author    = {Raassen, A. J. J. and Hucht, K. A. van der and Miller, N. A. and Cassinelli, Joseph P.},
  title     = {XMM-Newton observations of zeta Orionis (O9.7 Ib) : a collisional ionization equilibrium model},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17747},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {We present the analysis of XMM-Newton observations of ζ Orionis. The analysis is based on fitting to the total spectrum as well as diagnostics of individual line.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{IgnaceGayley2007,
  author    = {Ignace, R. and Gayley, K. G.},
  title     = {Circumstellar Magnetic Field Diagnostics from Line Polarization},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18066},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{WalterZuritaHerasLeyder2007,
  author    = {Walter, R. and Zurita-Heras, J. and Leyder, J.-C.},
  title     = {Probing clumpy stellar winds with a neutron star},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18024},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {INTEGRAL tripled the number of super-giant high-mass X-ray binaries (sgHMXB) known in the Galaxy by revealing absorbed and fast transient (SFXT) systems. Quantitative constraints on the wind clumping of massive stars can be obtained from the study of the hard X-ray variability of SFXT. A large fraction of the hard X-ray emission is emitted in the form of flares with a typical duration of 3 ksec, frequency of 7 days and luminosity of \$10^{36}\$ erg/s. Such flares are most probably emitted by the interaction of a compact object orbiting at \$\sim10~R_*\$ with wind clumps (\$10^{22 ... 23}\$ g) representing a large fraction of the stellar mass-loss rate. The density ratio between the clumps and the inter-clump medium is \$10^{2 ... 4}\$. The parameters of the clumps and of the inter-clump medium, derived from the SFXT flaring behavior, are in good agreement with macro-clumping scenario and line-driven instability simulations. SFXT are likely to have larger orbital radius than classical sgHMXB.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{CassinelliIgnaceWaldronetal.2007,
  author    = {Cassinelli, Joseph P. and Ignace, R. and Waldron, W. and Cho, J. and Murphy, N. and Lazarian, A.},
  title     = {X-ray line emission produced in clump bow shocks},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18057},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {We summarize Chandra observations of the emission line profiles from 17 OB stars. The lines tend to be broad and unshifted. The forbidden/intercombination line ratios arising from Helium-like ions provide radial distance information for the X-ray emission sources, while the H-like to He-like line ratios provide X-ray temperatures, and thus also source temperature versus radius distributions. OB stars usually show power law differential emission measure distributions versus temperature. In models of bow shocks, we find a power law differential emission measure, a wide range of ion stages, and the bow shock flow around the clumps provides transverse velocities comparable to HWHM values. We find that the bow shock results for the line profile properties, consistent with the observations of X-ray line emission for a broad range of OB star properties.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Runacres2007,
  author    = {Runacres, M. C.},
  title     = {Hydrodynamical models of clumping beyond 50 R∗},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18030},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {We present one-dimensional, time-dependent models of the clumps generated by the linedeshadowing instability. In order to follow the clumps out to distances of more than 1000 R∗, we use an efficient moving-box technique. We show that, within the approximations, the wind can remain clumped well into the formation region of the radio continuum.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{SchnerrHenrichs2007,
  author    = {Schnerr, R. S. and Henrichs, H. F.},
  title     = {Magnetic fields and wind variability in massive stars},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18075},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {This paper describes the thesis work of Schnerr (2007) entitled "Magnetic fields and mass loss in massive stars", which aimed at a better understanding of the impact of magnetic fields on the winds of massive stars.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{LeuteneggerCohenKahnetal.2007,
  author    = {Leutenegger, M. A. and Cohen, David H. and Kahn, S. M. and Owocki, S. P. and Paerels, F. B. S.},
  title     = {Resonance scattering in the X-ray emission lines profiles of ζ Puppis},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18085},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {We present XMM-Newton Reflection Grating Spectrometer observations of pairs of X-ray emission line profiles from the O star ζ Pup that originate from the same He-like ion. The two profiles in each pair have different shapes and cannot both be consistently fit by models assuming the same wind parameters. We show that the differences in profile shape can be accounted for in a model including the effects of resonance scattering, which affects the resonance line in the pair but not the intercombination line. This implies that resonance scattering is also important in single resonance lines, where its effect is difficult to distinguish from a low effective continuum optical depth in the wind. Thus, resonance scattering may help reconcile X-ray line profile shapes with literature mass-loss rates.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{MassaPrinjaFullerton2007,
  author    = {Massa, D. L. and Prinja, R. K. and Fullerton, A. W.},
  title     = {The effects of clumping on wind line variability},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18095},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {We review the effects of clumping on the profiles of resonance doublets. By allowing the ratio of the doublet oscillator strenghts to be a free parameter, we demonstrate that doublet profiles contain more information than is normally utilized. In clumped (or porous) winds, this ratio can lies between unity and the ratio of the f-values, and can change as a function of velocity and time, depending on the fraction of the stellar disk that is covered by material moving at a particular velocity at a given moment. Using these insights, we present the results of SEI modeling of a sample of B supergiants, ζ Pup and a time series for a star whose terminal velocity is low enough to make the components of its Si VIλλ1400 independent. These results are interpreted within the framewrok of the Oskinova et al. (2007) model, and demonstrate how the doublet profiles can be used to extract infromation about wind structure.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Vink2007,
  author    = {Vink, J. S.},
  title     = {Discussion: Hydrodynamic modeling},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18046},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{PeterAndersenHartmannetal.1992,
  author    = {Peter, Martin G. and Andersen, Svend Olav and Hartmann, Rudolf and Miessner, Merle and Roepstorff, Peter},
  title     = {Catecholamine-protein conjugates : isolation of 4-phenylphenoxazin-2-ones from oxidative coupling of N-acetyldopamine with alipathic amino acids},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17571},
  year      = {1992},
  abstract  = {4-Phenylphenoxazinones were isolated after biomimetic oxidation, using diphenoloxidases of insect cuticle, mushroom tyrosinase, or after autoxidation of N-acetyldopamine (Image ) in the presence of β-alanine, β-alanine methyl ester or N-acetyl-L-lysine. They are formed presumably by addition of 2-aminoalkyl-5-alkylphenols to the o-quinone of biphenyltetrol which, in turn, arises from oxidative coupling of. The structures of present the first examples for the assembly of reasonably stable intermediates in the rather complex process of chemical modifications of aliphatic amino acid residues by o-quinones.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Hillier2007,
  author    = {Hillier, D. J.},
  title     = {On the influence of clumping on O and Wolf-Rayet spectra},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17903},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {Overwhelming observational and theoretical evidence suggests that the winds of massive stars are highly clumped. We briefly discuss the influence of clumping on model diagnostics and the difficulties of allowing for the influence of clumping on model spectra. Because of its simplicity, and because of computational ease, most spectroscopic analyses incorporate clumping using the volume filling factor. The biases introduced by this approach are uncertain. To investigate alternative clumping models, and to help determine the validity of parameters derived using the volume filling factor method, we discuss results derived using an alternative model in which we assume that the wind is composed of optically thick shells.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Fullerton2007,
  author    = {Fullerton, A. W.},
  title     = {Discussion: Spectral modeling},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17917},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Townsend2007,
  author    = {Townsend, R. H. D.},
  title     = {Techniques for simulating radiative transfer through porous media},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17866},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {In this contribution, I discuss some basic techniques that can be used to simulate radiative transfer through porous media. As specific examples, I consider scattering transfer through a clumped slab, and X-ray emission line formation in a clumped wind.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{udDoula2007,
  author    = {ud-Doula, A.},
  title     = {Large-scale wind structure due to magnetic fields},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18010},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {Magnetic fields influence the dynamics of hot-star winds and create large scale structure. Based on numerical magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations, we model the wind of θ¹ Ori C, and then use the SEI method to compute synthetic line profiles for a range of viewing angles as function of rotational phase. The resulting dynamic spectrum for a moderately strong line shows a distinct modulation, but with a phase that seems at odds with available observations.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{IpingSonnebornMassaetal.2007,
  author    = {Iping, R.C. and Sonneborn, G. and Massa, D.L. and Gies, D. and Williams, Simon E.},
  title     = {Far-ultraviolet spectroscopy of O+O binaries in the Magellanic Clouds},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17896},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {We report FUSE observations in 2005-2006 of three O-type, double-lined spectroscopic binaries in the Magellanic Clouds. The systems have very short periods (1.4-2.25 d), represent rare, young evolutionary stages of massive stars and binaries, and provide a unique glimpse at some of the most massive systems that form in dense clusters of massive stars. Improved orbit parameters, including revised masses, for LH54-425 are derived from new ctio spectroscopy. The systems are: LH54-425 in the LMC (O3V + O5V, P=2.25d, 62+37M⊙), J053441-693139 in the LMC (O2-3If+O6V, P=1.4 d, 41+27M⊙), and Hodge 53-47 in the SMC (O6V + O4-5IIIf, P=2.2 d, 24+14M⊙, where the O4 star appears to be less massive than the O6 star). Their short periods indicates that wind interaction and mass transfer are likely important factors in their evolution. The spectra provide quantitative and systematic studies of phase-dependent stellar wind properties, wind collision effects in O+O binaries at lower metallicities, improved radial velocity curves, and FUV spectro-photometric changes as a function of orbital phase.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KustererNagelWerneretal.2007,
  author    = {Kusterer, D.-J. and Nagel, T. and Werner, K. and Feldmeier, Achim},
  title     = {Radiative transfer in CV disk winds},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17847},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {Mass accretion onto compact objects through accretion disks is a common phenomenon in the universe. It is seen in all energy domains from active galactic nuclei through cataclysmic variables (CVs) to young stellar objects. Because CVs are fairly easy to observe, they provide an ideal opportunity to study accretion disks in great detail and thus help us to understand accretion also in other energy ranges. Mass accretion in these objects is often accompanied by mass outflow from the disks. This accretion disk wind, at least in CVs, is thought to be radiatively driven, similar to O star winds. WOMPAT, a 3-D Monte Carlo radiative transfer code for accretion disk winds of CVs is presented.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{DaviesVinkOudmaijer2007,
  author    = {Davies, B. and Vink, J. S. and Oudmaijer, R. D.},
  title     = {Modelling the polarimetric variability of hot stars},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17939},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {Many hot stars exhibit stochastic polarimetric variability, thought to arise from clumping low in the wind. Here we investigate the wind properties required to reproduce this variability using analytic models, with particular emphasis on Luminous Blue Variables. We find that the winds must be highly structured, consisting of a large number of optically-thin clumps; while we find that the overall level of polarization should scale with mass-loss rate - consistent with observations of LBVs. The models also predict variability on very short timescales, which is supported by the results of a recent polarimetric monitoring campaign.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{KubatSaad2007,
  author    = {Kub{\´a}t, Jiř{\´i} and Saad, S. M.},
  title     = {Moving absorption bumps in the spectra of Be stars},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17879},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {Several Be binaries exhibit an absorption bump moving across the blue wing of hydrogen emission lines towards the line center. This bump is demonstrated for the case of two bright Be stars, κ Dra and 4 Her. It is not clear what is the reason for this travelling bump.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Nielsen2007,
  author    = {Nielsen, K. E.},
  title     = {On irregular line profiles in the optical spectrum of Eta Carinae},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18227},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {The optical spectrum of Eta Carinae (η Car) is prominent in H I, He i and Fe ii wind lines, all of which vary both in absorption and emission with phase. The phase dependance is a consequence of the interaction between the two objects in the η Car binary (η Car A \& B). The binary system is enshrouded by ejecta from previous mass ejection events and consequently, η Car B is not directly observable. We have traced the He i lines over η Car's spectroscopic period, using HST/STIS data obtained with medium spectral, but high angular, resolving power, and created a radial velocity curve for the system. The He I lines are formed in the core of the system, and appear to be a composite of multiple features formed in spatially separated regions. The sources of their irregular line profiles are still not fully understood, but can be attributed to emission/absorption near the wind-wind interface and/or a direct consequence of the η Car A's, massive, clumpy wind. This paper will discuss the spectral variability, the narrow emission structure of the He i lines and how clumpiness of the winds may impede the construction of the reliable radial velocity curve, necessary for characterizations of especially η Car B.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{CohenLeuteneggerTownsend2007,
  author    = {Cohen, David H. and Leutenegger, M. A. and Townsend, R. H. D.},
  title     = {Quantitative analysis of resolved X-ray emission line profiles of O stars},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18115},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {By quantitatively fitting simple emission line profile models that include both atomic opacity and porosity to the Chandra X-ray spectrum of ζ Pup, we are able to explore the trade-offs between reduced mass-loss rates and wind porosity. We find that reducing the mass-loss rate of ζ Pup by roughly a factor of four, to 1.5 × 10-6 M⊙ yr-1, enables simple non-porous wind models to provide good fits to the data. If, on the other hand, we take the literature mass-loss rate of 6×10-6 M⊙ yr-1, then to produce X-ray line profiles that fit the data, extreme porosity lengths - of h∞ ≈ 3 R∗ - are required. Moreover, these porous models do not provide better fits to the data than the non-porous, low optical depth models. Additionally, such huge porosity lengths do not seem realistic in light of 2-D numerical simulations of the wind instability.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{MorrisonRotherKurschat2007,
  author    = {Morrison, N. D. and Rother, R. and Kurschat, N.},
  title     = {Hα line profile variability in the B8Ia-type supergiant Rigel (β Ori)},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18120},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {Hα observations of Rigel obtained on 184 nights during the past ten years with the 1-m telescope and ´echelle spectrograph of Ritter Observatory are surveyed. The line profiles were classified in terms of morphology. About 1/4 of them are of P Cygni type, about 15\% inverse P Cygni, about 25\% double-peaked, about 1/3 pure absorption, and a few are single emission lines. Transformation of the profile from one type to another typically takes a few days. Although the line stays in absorption for extended intervals, only one high-velocity absorption event of the intensity reported by Kaufer et al. (1996a) was observed, in late 2006. Late in this event, Hα absorption occurred farther to the red than the red wing of a plausible photospheric absorption component, an indication of infalling material. In general, as the absorption events come to an end, the emission typically returns with an inverse P Cygni profile. The Hα profile class shows no obvious correlation with the radial velocity of C II λ6578, a photospheric absorption line.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{CheneMoffatCrowther2007,
  author    = {Chen{\´e}, A.-N. and Moffat, Anthony F. J. and Crowther, P. A.},
  title     = {Rapidly accelerating clumps in the winds of the very hot WNE Stars},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18163},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {We study the time variability of emission lines in three WNE stars : WR 2 (WN2), WR 3 (WN3ha) and WR152 (WN3). While WR 2 shows no variability above the noise level, the other stars do show variation, which are like other WR stars in WR 152 but very fast in WR 3. From these motions, we deduce a value of β ∼1 for WR 3 that is like that seen in O stars and β ∼2-3 for WR 152, that is intermediate between other WR stars and WR 3.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Kholtygin2007,
  author    = {Kholtygin, A. F.},
  title     = {Modelling the induced clumping stochastic line profile variability},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18180},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {We model the line profile variability (lpv) in spectra of clumped stellar atmospheres using the Stochastic Clump Model (SCM) of the winds of early-type stars. In this model the formation of dense inhomogeneities (clumps) in the line driven winds is considered as being a stochastic process. It is supposed that the emission due to clumps mainly contributes to the intensities of emission lines in the stellar spectra. It is shown that in the framework of the SCM it is possible to reproduce both the mean line profiles and a common pattern of the lpv.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Cassinelli2007,
  author    = {Cassinelli, Joseph P.},
  title     = {Discussion: Magnetic fields, variability},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18195},
  year      = {2007},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{StLouis2007,
  author    = {St-Louis, N.},
  title     = {Discussion: Binaries, colliding winds, LBVs and high energy radiation},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18155},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {Clumping in hot-star winds : proceedings of an international workshop held in Potsdam, Germany, 18. - 22. June 2007},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{FreseGarstFay2007,
  author    = {Frese, Michael and Garst, Harry and Fay, Doris},
  title     = {Making things happen : reciprocal relationships between work characteristics and personal initiative in a four-wave longitudinal structural equation model},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18278},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {The authors used the frameworks of reciprocal determinism and occupational socialization to study the effects of work characteristics (consisting of control and complexity of work) on personal initiative (PI)--mediated by control orientation (a 2nd-order factor consisting of control aspiration, perceived opportunity for control, and self-efficacy) and the reciprocal effects of PI on changes in work characteristics. They applied structural equation modeling to a longitudinal study with 4 measurement waves (N = 268) in a transitional economy: East Germany. Results confirm the model plus 1 additional, nonhypothesized effect. Work characteristics had a synchronous effect on PI via control orientation (full mediation). There were also effects of control orientation and of PI on later changes in work characteristics: As predicted, PI functioned as partial mediator, changing work characteristics in the long term (reciprocal effect); unexpectedly, there was a 2nd reciprocal effect of an additional lagged partial mediation of control orientation on later work characteristics.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{FayGuillaume2007,
  author    = {Fay, Doris and Guillaume, Yves R. F.},
  title     = {Team diversity},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18295},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {Team diversity refers to the differences between team members on any attribute that may lead each single member of the group to perceive any other member of the group as being different from the self of this particular member. These attributes and perceptions refer to all dimensions people can differ on, such as age, gender, ethnicity, religious and functional background, personality, skills, abilities, beliefs, and attitudes.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{RomeroOwockiAraudoetal.2007,
  author    = {Romero, G. E. and Owocki, S. P. and Araudo, A. T. and Townsend, R. H. D. and Benaglia, P.},
  title     = {Using gamma-rays to probe the clumped structure of stellar winds},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18210},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {Gamma-rays can be produced by the interaction of a relativistic jet and the matter of the stellar wind in the subclass of massive X-ray binaries known as "microquasars". The relativistic jet is ejected from the surroundings of the compact object and interacts with cold protons from the stellar wind, producing pions that then quickly decay into gamma-rays. Since the resulting gamma-ray emissivity depends on the target density, the detection of rapid variability in microquasars with GLAST and the new generation of Cherenkov imaging arrays could be used to probe the clumped structure of the stellar wind. In particular, we show here that the relative fluctuation in gamma rays may scale with the square root of the ratio of porosity length to binary separation, \$\sqrt{h/a}\$, implying for example a ca. 10\% variation in gamma ray emission for a quite moderate porosity, h/a ∼ 0.01.},
  language  = {en}
}
@inproceedings{Weis2007,
  author    = {Weis, K.},
  title     = {Wind relics : clumps, inhomogeneities and outflows in LBV nebulae},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18235},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {The most massive stars are those with the shortest but most active life. One group of massive stars, the Luminous Blue Variables (LBVs), of which only a few objects are known, are in particular of interest concerning the stability of stars. They have a high mass loss rate and are close to being instable. This is even more likely as rotation becomes an important factor in stellar evolution of these stars. Through massive stellar winds and sometimes giant eruptions, LBV nebulae are formed. Various aspects in the evolution in the LBV phase lead, beside the large scale morphological and kinematical differences, to a diversity of small structures like clumps, rims, and outflows in these nebulae.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{WackervonElert2001,
  author    = {Wacker, Alexander and von Elert, Eric},
  title     = {Polyunsaturated fatty acids : evidence for non-substitutable biochemical resources in Daphnia galeata},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17587},
  year      = {2001},
  abstract  = {The factors that determine the efficiency of energy transfer in aquatic food webs have been investigated for many decades. The plant-animal interface is the most variable and least predictable of all levels in the food web. In order to study determinants of food quality in a large lake and to test the recently proposed central importance of the long-chained eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) at the pelagic producer-grazer interface, we tested the importance of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) at the pelagic producerconsumer interface by correlating sestonic food parameters with somatic growth rates of a clone of Daphnia galeata. Daphnia growth rates were obtained from standardized laboratory experiments spanning one season with Daphnia feeding on natural seston from Lake Constance, a large pre-alpine lake. Somatic growth rates were fitted to sestonic parameters by using a saturation function. A moderate amount of variation was explained when the model included the elemental parameters carbon (r2 = 0.6) and nitrogen (r2 = 0.71). A tighter fit was obtained when sestonic phosphorus was incorporated (r2 = 0.86). The nonlinear regression with EPA was relatively weak (r2 = 0.77), whereas the highest degree of variance was explained by three C18-PUFAs. The best (r2 = 0.95), and only significant, correlation of Daphnia's growth was found with the C18-PUFA α-linolenic acid (α-LA; C18:3n-3). This correlation was weakest in late August when C:P values increased to 300, suggesting that mineral and PUFA-limitation of Daphnia's growth changed seasonally. Sestonic phosphorus and some PUFAs showed not only tight correlations with growth, but also with sestonic α-LA content. We computed Monte Carlo simulations to test whether the observed effects of α-LA on growth could be accounted for by EPA, phosphorus, or one of the two C18-PUFAs, stearidonic acid (C18:4n-3) and linoleic acid (C18:2n-6). With >99 \% probability, the correlation of growth with α-LA could not be explained by any of these parameters. In order to test for EPA limitation of Daphnia's growth, in parallel with experiments on pure seston, growth was determined on seston supplemented with chemostat-grown, P-limited Stephanodiscus hantzschii, which is rich in EPA. Although supplementation increased the EPA content 80-800x, no significant changes in the nonlinear regression of the growth rates with α-LA were found, indicating that growth of Daphnia on pure seston was not EPA limited. This indicates that the two fatty acids, EPA and α-LA, were not mutually substitutable biochemical resources and points to different physiological functions of these two PUFAs. These results support the PUFA-limitation hypothesis for sestonic C:P < 300 but are contrary to the hypothesis of a general importance of EPA, since no evidence for EPA limitation was found. It is suggested that the resource ratios of EPA and α-LA rather than the absolute concentrations determine which of the two resources is limiting growth.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{WackervonElert2002,
  author    = {Wacker, Alexander and von Elert, Eric},
  title     = {Strong influences of larval diet history on subsequent post-settlement growth in the freshwater mollusc Dreissena polymorpha},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17627},
  year      = {2002},
  abstract  = {Significant seasonal variation in size at settlement has been observed in newly settled larvae of Dreissena polymorpha in Lake Constance. Diet quality, which varies temporally and spatially in freshwater habitats, has been suggested as a significant factor influencing life history and development of freshwater invertebrates. Accordingly, experiments were conducted with field-collected larvae to test the hypothesis that diet quality can determine planktonic larval growth rates, size at settlement and subsequent post-metamorphic growth rates. Larvae were fed one of two diets or starved. One diet was composed of cyanobacterial cells which are deficient in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and the other was a mixed diet rich in PUFAs. Freshly metamorphosed animals from the starvation treatment had a carbon content per individual 70\% lower than that of larvae fed the mixed diet. This apparent exhaustion of larval internal reserves resulted in a 50\% reduction of the postmetamorphic growth rates. Growth was also reduced in animals previously fed the cyanobacterial diet. Hence, low food quantity or low food quality during the larval stage of D. polymorpha lead to irreversible effects for postmetamorphic animals, and is related to inferior competitive abilities.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{StieglitzFuchssHillmannetal.2007,
  author    = {Stieglitz, Stefan and Fuchß, Christoph and Hillmann, Oliver and Lattemann, Christoph},
  title     = {Mobile learning by using ad hoc messaging network},
  issn      = {1867-5808},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-19960},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {The requirements of modern e-learning techniques change. Aspects such as community interaction, flexibility, pervasive learning and increasing mobility in communication habits become more important. To meet these challenges e-learning platforms must provide support on mobile learning. Most approaches try to adopt centralised and static e-learning mechanisms to mobile devices. However, often technically it is not possible for all kinds of devices to be connected to a central server. Therefore we introduce an application of a mobile e-learning network which operates totally decentralised with the help of an underlying ad hoc network architecture. Furthermore the concept of ad hoc messaging network (AMNET) is used as basis system architecture for our approach to implement a platform for pervasive mobile e-learning.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{WatanabePueschelGardemannetal.1994,
  author    = {Watanabe, Yuji and P{\"u}schel, Gerhard Paul and Gardemann, Andreas and Jungermann, Kurt},
  title     = {Presinusoidal and proximal intrasinusoidal confluence of hepatic artery and portal vein in rat liver : functional evidence by orthograde and retrograde bivascular perfusion},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-16702},
  year      = {1994},
  abstract  = {The site of confluence of the artery and the portal vein in the liver still appears to be controversial. Anatomical studies suggested a presinusoidal or an intrasinusoidal confluence in the first, second or even final third of the sinusoids. The objective of this investigation was to study the problem with functional biochemical techniques. Rat livers were perfused through the hepatic artery and simultaneously either in the orthograde direction from the portal vein to the hepatic vein or in the retrograde direction from the hepatic vein to the portal vein. Arterial how was linearly dependent on arterial pressure between 70 cm H2O and 120 cm H2O at a constant portal or hepatovenous pressure of 18 cm H2O. An arterial pressure of 100 cm H2O was required for the maintenance of a homogeneous orthograde perfusion of the whole parenchyma and of a physiologic ratio of arterial to portal how of about 1:3. Glucagon was infused either through the artery or the portal vein and hepatic vein, respectively, to a submaximally effective ''calculated'' sinusoidal concentration after mixing of 0.1 nmol/L. During orthograde perfusions, arterial and portal glucagon caused the same increases in glucose output. Yet during retrograde perfusions, hepatovenous glucagon elicited metabolic alterations equal to those in orthograde perfusions, whereas arterial glucagon effected changes strongly reduced to between 10\% and 50\%. Arterially infused trypan blue was distributed homogeneously in the parenchyma during orthograde perfusions, whereas it reached clearly smaller areas of parenchyma during retrograde perfusions. Finally, arterially applied acridine orange was taken up by all periportal hepatocytes in the proximal half of the acinus during orthograde perfusions but only by a much smaller portion of periportal cells in the proximal third of the acinus during retrograde perfusions. These findings suggest that in rat liver, the hepatic artery and the portal vein mix before and within the first third of the sinusoids, rather than in the middle or even last third.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Bauman1999,
  author    = {Bauman, Zygmunt},
  title     = {Local Orders, Global Chaos},
  series = {Geographische Revue : Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Literatur und Diskussion},
  volume    = {1},
  journal   = {Geographische Revue : Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Literatur und Diskussion},
  number    = {1},
  issn      = {1438-3039},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-23782},
  pages     = {64 -- 72},
  year      = {1999},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Harvey2001,
  author    = {Harvey, David},
  title     = {Globalization and the "Spatial Fix"},
  series = {Geographische Revue : Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Literatur und Diskussion},
  volume    = {3},
  journal   = {Geographische Revue : Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Literatur und Diskussion},
  number    = {2},
  issn      = {1438-3039},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-24366},
  pages     = {23 -- 30},
  year      = {2001},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Tomioka2007,
  author    = {Tomioka, Satoshi},
  title     = {Intervention effects in focus},
  series = {Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS ; working papers of the SFB 632},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS ; working papers of the SFB 632},
  editor    = {Ishihara, Shinichiro and Petrova, Svetlana and Schwarz, Anne},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {1866-4725},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-24502},
  pages     = {97 -- 118},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {The most recent trend in the studies of LF intervention effects makes crucial reference to focusing effects on the interveners, and this paper critically examines the representative analyses of the focus-based approach. While each analysis has its own merits and shortcomings, I argue that a pragmatic analysis that does not make appeal to syntactic configurations is better equipped to deal with many of the complex and delicate facts surrounding intervention effects.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Kubozono2007,
  author    = {Kubozono, Haruo},
  title     = {Focus and intonation in Japanese},
  series = {Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS ; working papers of the SFB 632},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS ; working papers of the SFB 632},
  editor    = {Ishihara, Shinichiro and Petrova, Svetlana and Schwarz, Anne},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {1866-4725},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-24472},
  pages     = {1 -- 27},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {This paper discusses how focus changes prosodic structure in Tokyo Japanese. It is generally believed that focus blocks the intonational process of downstep and causes a pitch reset. This paper presents experimental evidence against this traditional view by looking at the prosodic behavior of Wh words, which receive focus lexically in Japanese as in other languages. It is demonstrated, specifically, that the focused Wh element does not block downstep although it receives a much higher pitch than its preceding element. This suggests that presence of lexical focus does not trigger pitch reset in Japanese.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{ElsenbeerWestBonell1994,
  author    = {Elsenbeer, Helmut and West, Adam and Bonell, Mike},
  title     = {Hydrologic pathways and stormflow hydrochemistry at South Creek, northeast Queensland},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-16904},
  year      = {1994},
  abstract  = {Earlier investigations at South Creek in northeastern Queensland established the importance of overland flow as a hydrologic pathway in this tropical rainforest environment. Since this pathway is 'fast', transmitting presumably 'new' water, its importance should be reflected in the stormflow chemistry of South Creek: the greater the volumentric contribution to the stormflow hydrograph, the more similarity between the chemical composition of streamwater and of overland flow is to be expected. Water samples were taken during two storm events in an ephemeral gully (gully A), an intermittent gully (gully B) and at the South Creek catchment outlet; additional spot checks were made in several poorly defined rills. The chemical composition of 'old' water was determined from 45 baseflow samples collected throughout February. The two events differed considerably in their magnitudes, intensities and antecedent moisture conditions. In both events, the stormflow chemistry in South Creek was characterized by a sharp decrease in Ca, Mg, Na, Si, Cl, EC, ANC, alkalinity and total inorganic carbon. pH remained nearly constant with discharge, whereas K increased sharply, as did sulfate in an ill-defined manner. In event 1, this South Creek stormflow pattern was closely matched by the pattern in gully A, implying a dominant contribution of 'new' water. This match was confirmed by the spot samples from rills. Gully B behaved like South Creek itself, but with a dampened 'new' water signal, indicating less overland flow generation in its subcatchment. In event 2, which occurred five days later, the initial 'new' water signal in gully A was rapidly overwhelmed by a different signal which is attributed to rapid drainage from a perched water table. This study shows that stormflow in this rainforest catchment consists predominantly of 'new' water which reaches the stream channel via 'fast' pathways. Where the ephemeral gullies delivering overland flow are incised deeply enough to intersect a perched water table, a delayed, 'old' water-like signal may be transmitted.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{LaschewskyRingsdorf1988,
  author    = {Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and Ringsdorf, H.},
  title     = {Polymerization of amphiphilic dienes in Langmuir-Blodgett multilayers},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17176},
  year      = {1988},
  abstract  = {Amphiphilic derivatives of octadiene and docosadiene were investigated in monolayers and Langmuir-Blodgett multilayers, with respect to their self-organization and their polymerization behavior. All amphiphiles investigated form monolayers. However, only acid and alcohol derivatives were able to build up multilayers. Those multilayers are rapidly photopolymerized in the layers via a two-step process: Irradiation with long-wavelength UV light yields soluble polymers, whereas additional irradiation with sfiort-wavelength UV light produces insoluble and presumably cross-linked polymers. The reaction meclianism is discussed according to the polymer characterization by UV spectroscopy, small-angle X-ray scattering, NMR spectroscopy, and gel permeation chromatography. All multilayers undergo structural changes during the polymerization; substantial changes result in defects in the polymerized layers as observed by scanning electron microscopy. In contrast to the acids and alcohols, the deposition of monolayers of the aldehyde derivatives did not yield well-ordered multilayers, but rather amorphous films. In this different film structure, the photopolymerization process differs from the one observed in multilayers.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{ElsenbeerCasselTinner1993,
  author    = {Elsenbeer, Helmut and Cassel, Keith and Tinner, W.},
  title     = {A daily rainfall erosivity model for Western Amazonia},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-16962},
  year      = {1993},
  abstract  = {Rainfall erosivities as defined by the R factor from the universal soil loss equation were determined for all events during a two-year period at the station La Cuenca in western Amazonia. Three methods based on a power relationship between rainfall amount and erosivity were then applied to estimate event and daily rainfall erosivities from the respective rainfall amounts. A test of the resulting regression equations against an independent data set proved all three methods equally adequate in predicting rainfall erosivity from daily rainfall amount. We recommend the Richardson model for testing in the Amazon Basin, and its use with the coefficient from La Cuenca in western Amazonia.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{AllefeldFrischSchlesewsky2005,
  author    = {Allefeld, Carsten and Frisch, Stefan and Schlesewsky, Matthias},
  title     = {Detection of early cognitive processing by event-related phase synchronization analysis},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-20126},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {In order to investigate the temporal characteristics of cognitive processing, we apply multivariate phase synchronization analysis to event-related potentials. The experimental design combines a semantic incongruity in a sentence context with a physical mismatch (color change). In the ERP average, these result in an N400 component and a P300-like positivity, respectively. The synchronization analysis shows an effect of global desynchronization in the theta band around 288ms after stimulus presentation for the semantic incongruity, while the physical mismatch elicits an increase of global synchronization in the alpha band around 204ms. Both of these effects clearly precede those in the ERP average. Moreover, the delay between synchronization effect and ERP component correlates with the complexity of the cognitive processes.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{KoechyMathajJeltschetal.2008,
  author    = {K{\"o}chy, Martin and Mathaj, Martin and Jeltsch, Florian and Malkinson, Dan},
  title     = {Resilience of stocking capacity to changing climate in arid to Mediterranean landscapes},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18720},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {Small livestock is an important resource for rural human populations in dry climates. How strongly will climate change affect the capacity of the rangeland? We used hierarchical modelling to scale quantitatively the growth of shrubs and annual plants, the main food of sheep and goats, to the landscape extent in the eastern Mediterranean region. Without grazing, productivity increased in a sigmoid way with mean annual precipitation. Grazing reduced productivity more strongly the drier the landscape. At a point just under the stocking capacity of the vegetation, productivity declined precipitously with more intense grazing due to a lack of seed production of annuals. We repeated simulations with precipitation patterns projected by two contrasting IPCC scenarios. Compared to results based on historic patterns, productivity and stocking capacity did not differ in most cases. Thus, grazing intensity remains the stronger impact on landscape productivity in this dry region even in the future.},
  language  = {en}
}