@techreport{Nastansky2019,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Nastansky, Andreas},
  title     = {Topologische Datenanalyse},
  series = {Statistische Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge},
  journal   = {Statistische Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge},
  number    = {53},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-43142},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-431420},
  pages     = {38},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Bei der Analyse von h{\"o}herdimensionalen Daten kann deren Gestalt wichtige Informationen {\"u}ber den Datensatz liefern. Bei einer gegebenen Punktwolke, die aus einem unbekannten topologischen Raum ausgew{\"a}hlt wurde, versucht die Topologische Datenanalyse (TDA) den urspr{\"u}nglichen Raum zu rekonstruieren. Dieser Beitrag soll eine Einf{\"u}hrung in die Topologische Datenanalyse geben und konzentriert sich dabei auf zwei wichtige Aspekte: die Persistente Homologie und den Mapper. Dabei werden zuerst die notwendigen theoretischen Grundlagen vorgestellt und anschließend wird die Methodik bei der Visualisierung von Daten eingesetzt. Die Persistente Homologie ist eines der Standardwerkzeuge in der TDA. Sie findet ihre Anwendung beispielsweise in den Bereichen Formerkennung und -beschreibung. Der Mapper als zweites wichtiges Konzept der TDA wandelt umfangreiche, h{\"o}herdimensionale Datens{\"a}tze in Simplizialkomplexe um und kann dadurch geometrische und topologische Eigenschaften der Daten bestimmen. Des Weiteren ist die Mapper-Methode ein brauchbares Werkzeug zur Visualisierungen von mehrdimensionalen Daten, woran statistische Verfahren scheitern.},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{MuellerWrohlich2019,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {M{\"u}ller, Kai-Uwe and Wrohlich, Katharina},
  title     = {Does subsidized care for toddlers increase maternal labor supply?},
  series = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  journal   = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  number    = {9},
  issn      = {2628-653X},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42772},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-427727},
  pages     = {50},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Expanding public or publicly subsidized childcare has been a top social policy priority in many industrialized countries. It is supposed to increase fertility, promote children's development and enhance mothers' labor market attachment. In this paper, we analyze the causal effect of one of the largest expansions of subsidized childcare for children up to three years among industrialized countries on the employment of mothers in Germany. Identification is based on spatial and temporal variation in the expansion of publicly subsidized childcare triggered by two comprehensive childcare policy reforms. The empirical analysis is based on the German Microcensus that is matched to county level data on childcare availability. Based on our preferred specification which includes time and county fixed effects we find that an increase in childcare slots by one percentage point increases mothers' labor market participation rate by 0.2 percentage points. The overall increase in employment is explained by the rise in part-time employment with relatively long hours (20-35 hours per week). We do not find a change in full-time employment or lower part-time employment that is causally related to the childcare expansion. The effect is almost entirely driven by mothers with medium-level qualifications. Mothers with low education levels do not profit from this reform calling for a stronger policy focus on particularly disadvantaged groups in coming years.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{MarcusSiedlerZiebarth2021,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Marcus, Jan and Siedler, Thomas and Ziebarth, Nicolas R.},
  title     = {The Long-Run Effects of Sports Club Vouchers for Primary School Children},
  series = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  journal   = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  number    = {34},
  issn      = {2628-653X},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-50897},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-508978},
  pages     = {72},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Starting in 2009, the German state of Saxony distributed sports club membership vouchers among all 33,000 third graders in the state. The policy's objective was to encourage them to develop a long-term habit of exercising. In 2018, we carried out a large register-based survey among several cohorts in Saxony and two neighboring states. Our difference-in-differences estimations show that, even after a decade, awareness of the voucher program was significantly higher in the treatment group. We also find that youth received and redeemed the vouchers. However, we do not find significant short- or long-term effects on sports club membership, physical activity, overweightness, or motor skills.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{GraeberSchikora2021,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Graeber, Daniel and Schikora, Felicitas},
  title     = {Hate is too great a burden to bear},
  series = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  journal   = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  number    = {31},
  issn      = {2628-653X},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-50797},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-507972},
  pages     = {53},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Against a background of increasing violence against non-natives, we estimate the effect of hate crime on refugees' mental health in Germany. For this purpose, we combine two datasets: administrative records on xenophobic crime against refugee shelters by the Federal Criminal Office and the IAB-BAMF-SOEP Survey of Refugees. We apply a regression discontinuity in time design to estimate the effect of interest. Our results indicate that hate crime has a substantial negative effect on several mental health indicators, including the Mental Component Summary score and the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 score. The effects are stronger for refugees with closer geographic proximity to the focal hate crime and refugees with low country-specific human capital. While the estimated effect is only transitory, we argue that negative mental health shocks during the critical period after arrival have important long-term consequences. Keywords: Mental health, hate crime, migration, refugees, human capital.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{GraeberHilbertKoenig2023,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Graeber, Daniel and Hilbert, Viola and K{\"o}nig, Johannes},
  title     = {Inequality of Opportunity in Wealth},
  series = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  journal   = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  number    = {69},
  issn      = {2628-653X},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-60967},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-609673},
  pages     = {54},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {While inequality of opportunity (IOp) in earnings is well studied, the literature on IOp in individual net wealth is scarce to non-existent. This is problematic because both theoretical and empirical evidence show that the position in the wealth and income distribution can significantly diverge.We measure ex-ante IOp in net wealth for Germany using data from the Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP). Ex-ante IOp is defined as the contribution of circumstances to the inequality in net wealth before effort is exerted. The SOEP allows for a direct mapping from individual circumstances to individual net wealth and for a detailed decomposition of net wealth inequality into a variety of circumstances; among them childhood background, intergenerational transfers, and regional characteristics. The ratio of inequality of opportunity to total inequality is stable from 2002 to 2019. This is in sharp contrast to labor earnings, where ex-ante IOp is declining over time. Our estimates suggest that about 62\% of the inequality in net wealth is due to circumstances. The most important circumstances are intergenerational transfers, parental occupation, and the region of birth. In contrast, gender and individuals' own education are the most important circumstances for earnings.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{BaganzdeTeresaLinggetal.2023,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Baganz, Melissa and de Teresa, Aurelia G{\´o}mez and Lingg, Rosana T. and Montijo, Yuriditzi Pascacio},
  title     = {A critical assessment on National Action Plans},
  series = {Staat, Recht und Politik - Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere},
  journal   = {Staat, Recht und Politik - Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere},
  number    = {13},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {2509-6974},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-57679},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-576797},
  pages     = {11},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {National Action Plans (NAPs) have been increas-ingly adopted world-wide after the Vienna Dec-laration in 1993, where it was urged to consider the improvement and promotion of Human Rights. In this paper, we discuss their usefulness and success by analysing the challenges present-ed during NAP processes as well as the benefits this set of actions entails: The challenges for their implementation outweigh its actual benefits. Nevertheless, NAPs have great potential. Based on new research, we elaborate a set of recom-mendations for improving the design and imple-mentation of national action planning. In order to effectively bring NAP into practice, we consider it crucial to plan and analyse every state local circumstances in detail. The latter is important, since the implementation of a concrete set of actions is intended to directly transform and improve the local living conditions of the people. In a long-term perspective, we defend the benefit of NAP's implementation for complying obliga-tions set up by HR treaties.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Dehnen2023,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Dehnen, Elias},
  title     = {Juridifying Bolsonaro's mass deforestation policies in Brazil through the International Criminal Court},
  series = {Staat, Recht und Politik - Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere},
  journal   = {Staat, Recht und Politik - Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere},
  number    = {14},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {2509-6974},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-58174},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-581742},
  pages     = {15},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Under Brazil's ex-president Bolsonaro, deforestation of the Amazon increased dramatically. An Austrian NGO filed a complaint to the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court (ICC) against Bolsonaro in October 2021, accusing him of crimes against humanity against the backdrop of his involvement in environmental destruction. This paper deals with the question of whether this initi-ative constitutes a promising means of juridification to mitigate conflicts revolving around mass deforestation in Brazil. It thematizes attempts to juridify environmental destruction in international criminal law and examines the Climate Fund Case at the Brazilian Supreme Court. Finally, emerging problems and arguments in favour of starting preliminary examinations at the ICC against Bolsonaro are illuminated. This paper provides arguments as to why the initiative might be a promising undertaking, even though it is unlikely that Bolsonaro will be arrested.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{NastanskySiris2024,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Nastansky, Andreas and Siris, Sarah},
  title     = {Risikoverbund zwischen Banken und Staaten},
  series = {Statistische Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge},
  volume    = {56},
  journal   = {Statistische Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-61989},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-619891},
  pages     = {50},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {Die Begrenzung systemischer Risiken ist essentieller Bestandteil der neuen internationalen Finanzmarktordnung. Dabei galt es nicht nur die Verflechtung der Banken untereinander, sondern auch die Verbindung zwischen den Staatsfinanzen und der Solvenz der nationalen Bankensysteme (dem sog. Risikoverbund zwischen Staat und Banken) zu durchbrechen. Der Beitrag beleuchtet die Entwicklung der Forderungen gegen{\"u}ber Staaten in den Bankbilanzen der Eurol{\"a}nder und des Eurosystems im Zeitverlauf sowie den daraus erwachsenden Risiken f{\"u}r die Finanzstabilit{\"a}t. Hierzu werden die Determinanten des Risikoverbunds theoretisch wie empirisch analysiert. Die fiskalische Kapazit{\"a}t der Eurostaaten wird anhand verschiedener Faktoren wie der Verschuldungsquote, dem Leistungsbilanzsaldo und der Kredit-BIP L{\"u}cke aufgezeigt; anschließend werden die Strukturen der Bankensysteme im Euroraum untersucht. Im Einzelnen werden die private und staatliche Gesamtverschuldung, die konsolidierte Bankenbilanzsumme und die darin enthaltenen Verbindlichkeiten sowie der Anteil des Bankensektors an der Bruttowertsch{\"o}pfung in Relation zur Wirtschaftsleistung betrachtet. Außerdem finden NPE-Best{\"a}nde in den Bankbilanzen sowie die Renditen der emittierten Staatsanleihen und damit in Verbindung stehenden CDS-Spreads Betrachtung. Zus{\"a}tzlich werden die Konzentration, der Verschuldungsgrad, Liquidit{\"a}tsziffern sowie l{\"a}nderspezifische Unterschiede in Art und Fristigkeit der Refinanzierung der Bankensektoren abgebildet. Auf Basis der empirischen Befunde werden im Hinblick auf die wechselseitigen Ansteckungseffekte zwischen Banken und Staaten Implikationen f{\"u}r die Finanzmarktregulierung diskutiert.},
  language  = {de}
}