@inproceedings{IpingSonnebornMassaetal.2007, author = {Iping, R.C. and Sonneborn, G. and Massa, D.L. and Gies, D. and Williams, Simon E.}, title = {Far-ultraviolet spectroscopy of O+O binaries in the Magellanic Clouds}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17896}, year = {2007}, abstract = {We report FUSE observations in 2005-2006 of three O-type, double-lined spectroscopic binaries in the Magellanic Clouds. The systems have very short periods (1.4-2.25 d), represent rare, young evolutionary stages of massive stars and binaries, and provide a unique glimpse at some of the most massive systems that form in dense clusters of massive stars. Improved orbit parameters, including revised masses, for LH54-425 are derived from new ctio spectroscopy. The systems are: LH54-425 in the LMC (O3V + O5V, P=2.25d, 62+37M⊙), J053441-693139 in the LMC (O2-3If+O6V, P=1.4 d, 41+27M⊙), and Hodge 53-47 in the SMC (O6V + O4-5IIIf, P=2.2 d, 24+14M⊙, where the O4 star appears to be less massive than the O6 star). Their short periods indicates that wind interaction and mass transfer are likely important factors in their evolution. The spectra provide quantitative and systematic studies of phase-dependent stellar wind properties, wind collision effects in O+O binaries at lower metallicities, improved radial velocity curves, and FUV spectro-photometric changes as a function of orbital phase.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Borisova2012, author = {Borisova, Dimitriya}, title = {Feedback active coatings based on mesoporous silica containers}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-63505}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Metalle werden oft w{\"a}hrend ihrer Anwendung korrosiven Bedingungen ausgesetzt, was ihre Alterungsbest{\"a}ndigkeit reduziert. Deswegen werden korrosionsanf{\"a}llige Metalle, wie Aluminiumlegierungen mit Schutzbeschichtungen versehen, um den Korrosionsprozess aktiv oder passiv zu verhindern. Die klassischen Schutzbeschichtungen funktionieren als physikalische Barriere zwischen Metall und korrosiver Umgebung und bieten einen passiven Korrosionsschutz nur, wenn sie unbesch{\"a}digt sind. Im Gegensatz dazu kann die Korrosion auch im Fall einer Besch{\"a}digung mittels aktiver Schutzbeschichtungen gehemmt werden. Chromathaltige Beschichtungen bieten heutzutage den besten aktiven Korrosionsschutz f{\"u}r Aluminiumlegierungen. Aufgrund ihrer Giftigkeit wurden diese weltweit verboten und m{\"u}ssen durch neue umweltfreundliche Schutzbeschichtungen ersetzt werden. Ein potentieller Ersatz sind Schutzbeschichtungen mit integrierten Nano- und Mikrobeh{\"a}ltern, die mit ungiftigem Inhibitor gef{\"u}llt sind. In dieser Arbeit werden die Entwicklung und Optimierung solcher aktiver Schutzbeschichtungen f{\"u}r die industriell wichtige Aluminiumlegierung AA2024-T3 dargestellt Mesopor{\"o}se Silika-Beh{\"a}lter wurden mit dem ungiftigen Inhibitor (2-Mercaptobenzothiazol) beladen und dann in die Matrix anorganischer (SiOx/ZrOx) oder organischer (wasserbasiert) Schichten dispergiert. Zwei Sorten von Silika-Beh{\"a}ltern mit unterschiedlichen Gr{\"o}ßen (d ≈ 80 and 700 nm) wurden verwendet. Diese haben eine große spezifische Oberfl{\"a}che (≈ 1000 m² g-1), eine enge Porengr{\"o}ßenverteilung mit mittlerer Porenweite ≈ 3 nm und ein großes Porenvolumen (≈ 1 mL g-1). Dank dieser Eigenschaften k{\"o}nnen große Inhibitormengen im Beh{\"a}lterinneren adsorbiert und gehalten werden. Die Inhibitormolek{\"u}le werden bei korrosionsbedingter Erh{\"o}hung des pH-Wertes gel{\"o}st und freigegeben. Die Konzentration, Position und Gr{\"o}ße der integrierten Beh{\"a}lter wurden variiert um die besten Bedingungen f{\"u}r einen optimalen Korrosionsschutz zu bestimmen. Es wurde festgestellt, dass eine gute Korrosionsschutzleistung durch einen Kompromiss zwischen ausreichender Inhibitormenge und guten Barriereeigenschaften hervorgerufen wird. Diese Studie erweitert das Wissen {\"u}ber die wichtigsten Faktoren, die den Korrosionsschutz beeinflussen. Somit wurde die Entwicklung effizienter, aktiver Schutzbeschichtungen erm{\"o}glicht, die auf mit Inhibitor beladenen Beh{\"a}ltern basieren.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Metz2023, author = {Metz, Malte}, title = {Finite fault earthquake source inversions}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-61974}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-619745}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {143}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Earthquake modeling is the key to a profound understanding of a rupture. Its kinematics or dynamics are derived from advanced rupture models that allow, for example, to reconstruct the direction and velocity of the rupture front or the evolving slip distribution behind the rupture front. Such models are often parameterized by a lattice of interacting sub-faults with many degrees of freedom, where, for example, the time history of the slip and rake on each sub-fault are inverted. To avoid overfitting or other numerical instabilities during a finite-fault estimation, most models are stabilized by geometric rather than physical constraints such as smoothing. As a basis for the inversion approach of this study, we build on a new pseudo-dynamic rupture model (PDR) with only a few free parameters and a simple geometry as a physics-based solution of an earthquake rupture. The PDR derives the instantaneous slip from a given stress drop on the fault plane, with boundary conditions on the developing crack surface guaranteed at all times via a boundary element approach. As a side product, the source time function on each point on the rupture plane is not constraint and develops by itself without additional parametrization. The code was made publicly available as part of the Pyrocko and Grond Python packages. The approach was compared with conventional modeling for different earthquakes. For example, for the Mw 7.1 2016 Kumamoto, Japan, earthquake, the effects of geometric changes in the rupture surface on the slip and slip rate distributions could be reproduced by simply projecting stress vectors. For the Mw 7.5 2018 Palu, Indonesia, strike-slip earthquake, we also modelled rupture propagation using the 2D Eikonal equation and assuming a linear relationship between rupture and shear wave velocity. This allowed us to give a deeper and faster propagating rupture front and the resulting upward refraction as a new possible explanation for the apparent supershear observed at the Earth's surface. The thesis investigates three aspects of earthquake inversion using PDR: (1) to test whether implementing a simplified rupture model with few parameters into a probabilistic Bayesian scheme without constraining geometric parameters is feasible, and whether this leads to fast and robust results that can be used for subsequent fast information systems (e.g., ground motion predictions). (2) To investigate whether combining broadband and strong-motion seismic records together with near-field ground deformation data improves the reliability of estimated rupture models in a Bayesian inversion. (3) To investigate whether a complex rupture can be represented by the inversion of multiple PDR sources and for what type of earthquakes this is recommended. I developed the PDR inversion approach and applied the joint data inversions to two seismic sequences in different tectonic settings. Using multiple frequency bands and a multiple source inversion approach, I captured the multi-modal behaviour of the Mw 8.2 2021 South Sandwich subduction earthquake with a large, curved and slow rupturing shallow earthquake bounded by two faster and deeper smaller events. I could cross-validate the results with other methods, i.e., P-wave energy back-projection, a clustering analysis of aftershocks and a simple tsunami forward model. The joint analysis of ground deformation and seismic data within a multiple source inversion also shed light on an earthquake triplet, which occurred in July 2022 in SE Iran. From the inversion and aftershock relocalization, I found indications for a vertical separation between the shallower mainshocks within the sedimentary cover and deeper aftershocks at the sediment-basement interface. The vertical offset could be caused by the ductile response of the evident salt layer to stress perturbations from the mainshocks. The applications highlight the versatility of the simple PDR in probabilistic seismic source inversion capturing features of rather different, complex earthquakes. Limitations, as the evident focus on the major slip patches of the rupture are discussed as well as differences to other finite fault modeling methods.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{Barthelemy2008, author = {Barth{\´e}lemy, Fran{\c{c}}ois}, title = {Finite-state compilation of feature structures for two-level morphology}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27120}, year = {2008}, abstract = {This paper describes a two-level formalism where feature structures are used in contextual rules. Whereas usual two-level grammars describe rational sets over symbol pairs, this new formalism uses tree structured regular expressions. They allow an explicit and precise definition of the scope of feature structures. A given surface form may be described using several feature structures. Feature unification is expressed in contextual rules using variables, like in a unification grammar. Grammars are compiled in finite state multi-tape transducers.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{ZarriessSeeker2008, author = {Zarrieß, Sina and Seeker, Wolfgang}, title = {Finite-state rule deduction for parsing non-constituent coordination}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27254}, year = {2008}, abstract = {In this paper, we present a finite-state approach to constituency and therewith an analysis of coordination phenomena involving so-called non-constituents. We show that non-constituents can be seen as parts of fully-fledged constituents and therefore be coordinated in the same way. We have implemented an algorithm based on finite state automata that generates an LFG grammar assigning valid analyses to non-constituent coordination structures in the German language.}, language = {en} } @article{Kubozono2007, author = {Kubozono, Haruo}, title = {Focus and intonation in Japanese}, series = {Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS ; working papers of the SFB 632}, volume = {9}, journal = {Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS ; working papers of the SFB 632}, editor = {Ishihara, Shinichiro and Petrova, Svetlana and Schwarz, Anne}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1866-4725}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-24472}, pages = {1 -- 27}, year = {2007}, abstract = {This paper discusses how focus changes prosodic structure in Tokyo Japanese. It is generally believed that focus blocks the intonational process of downstep and causes a pitch reset. This paper presents experimental evidence against this traditional view by looking at the prosodic behavior of Wh words, which receive focus lexically in Japanese as in other languages. It is demonstrated, specifically, that the focused Wh element does not block downstep although it receives a much higher pitch than its preceding element. This suggests that presence of lexical focus does not trigger pitch reset in Japanese.}, language = {en} } @article{HartmannZimmermann2004, author = {Hartmann, Katharina and Zimmermann, Malte}, title = {Focus strategies in chadic}, series = {Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS ; working papers of the SFB 632}, journal = {Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS ; working papers of the SFB 632}, number = {1}, issn = {1866-4725}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-8423}, pages = {207 -- 243}, year = {2004}, abstract = {We argue that the standard focus theories reach their limits when confronted with the focus systems of the Chadic languages. The backbone of the standard focus theories consists of two assumptions, both called into question by the languages under consideration. Firstly, it is standardly assumed that focus is generally marked by stress. The Chadic languages, however, exhibit a variety of different devices for focus marking. Secondly, it is assumed that focus is always marked. In Tangale, at least, focus is not marked consistently on all types of constituents. The paper offers two possible solutions to this dilemma.}, language = {en} } @book{GabbertWeikard1998, author = {Gabbert, Silke and Weikard, Hans-Peter}, title = {Food deficits, food security and food aid : concepts and measurement}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-8589}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {1998}, abstract = {The concepts of food deficit, hunger, undernourishment and food security are discussed. Axioms and indices for the assessment of nutrition of individuals and groups are suggested. Furthermore a measure for food aid donor performance is developed and applied to a sample of bilateral and multilateral donors providing food aid for African countries.}, language = {en} } @techreport{HunoldPetrishcheva2022, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Hunold, Matthias and Petrishcheva, Vasilisa}, title = {Foreclosure and Tunneling with Partial Vertical Ownership}, series = {CEPA Discussion Papers}, journal = {CEPA Discussion Papers}, number = {57}, issn = {2628-653X}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-56560}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-565601}, pages = {47}, year = {2022}, abstract = {We demonstrate how the incentives of firms that partially own their suppliers or customers to foreclose rivals depend on how the partial owner can extract profits from the target (tunneling). Compared to a fully vertically integrated firm, a partial owner may obtain only a share of the target's profit but influence the target's strategy significantly. We show that the incentives for customer and input foreclosure can be higher, equal, or even lower with partial ownership than with a vertical merger, depending on how the protection of minority shareholders and transfer price regulations affect the scope for profit extraction.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{LascaridesStone2006, author = {Lascarides, Alex and Stone, Matthew}, title = {Formal semantics for iconic gesture}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10330}, year = {2006}, abstract = {We present a formal analysis of iconic coverbal gesture. Our model describes the incomplete meaning of gesture that's derivable from its form, and the pragmatic reasoning that yields a more specific interpretation. Our formalism builds on established models of discourse interpretation to capture key insights from the descriptive literature on gesture: synchronous speech and gesture express a single thought, but while the form of iconic gesture is an important clue to its interpretation, the content of gesture can be resolved only by linking it to its context.}, language = {en} }