@book{OPUS4-19359,
  title     = {The duty to protect and to ensure human rights : colloquium, Potsdam, 1 - 3 July 1999},
  series = {Menschenrechtszentrum der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {Menschenrechtszentrum der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  editor    = {Klein, Eckart},
  publisher = {Berlin-Verl. Spitz},
  address   = {Berlin},
  isbn      = {3-8305-0014-9},
  pages     = {341 S.},
  year      = {2000},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Klein1999,
  author    = {Klein, Eckart},
  title     = {The universal protection of human rights : reality or utopia?},
  year      = {1999},
  language  = {en}
}
@book{OPUS4-2806,
  title     = {Armenia : a human rights perspective for peace and democracy; human rights, human rights education and minorities},
  editor    = {Mihr, Anja and Mkrtichyan, Artur and Mahler, Claudia and Toivanen, Reetta},
  isbn      = {978-3-937786-66-7},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-29740},
  publisher      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {I. Human Rights and Democratic Movements in Armenia - Human Rights as an "Attractor" of Europeanization Processes of Transcaucasian "Neither War nor Peace Societies" (Artur Mkrtichyan) - Human Rights Defender's Office Armenia (Larisa Alaverdyan) - The Factor of Human Rights Protection as Criteria for the Development in the Social System (Hovhannes Hovhannisyan) - Two Priorities and Two Suggestions in Leading the Way to Human Rights Protection (Gevork Manoukian) - Intrastate Mechanisms of the Protection of Human Political Rights and Freedoms in Armenia (Ashot A. Alexanyan) - The Future of Democracy in Armenia: Institutional and Mass Beliefs Perspectives (Alexander Markarov) II. Human Rights and Education in Armenia - Human Rights in the System of Civic Education Values (Valery Poghosyan) - The Role of Academic Knowledge in Maintaining Tolerance (Ani Muradyan) - Rights of a Child or Duties of Adults...? (Mira Antonyan) - The Right to Education for Children with Special Needs: Inclusive Education in Armenia (Marina Hovhannissyan) - Human Rights Awareness and UNDP Evaluation in Armenia (Kristina Henschen) - Human Rights Education in Armenia - A Base Line Study (Litit Umroyan; Lucig Danielian) III. Human Rights and Minorities in Armenia - Human Rights, Minorities and Human Rights Education in Armenia: An External Perspective (Claudia Mahler; Anja Mihr; Reetta Toivanen) - Minorities and Identity in Armenia (Tatevik Margaryan) - Legal and Real Opportunities for the National Minorities Residing on the Territory of the Republic of Armenia (Hranush Kharatyan)},
  language  = {en}
}
@incollection{Weiss2017,
  author    = {Weiß, Norman},
  title     = {Origin and Further Development},
  series = {The Council of Europe : its law and politics},
  booktitle = {The Council of Europe : its law and politics},
  editor    = {Schmahl, Stefanie and Breuer, Marten},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  address   = {Oxford},
  isbn      = {978-0-19-967252-3},
  pages     = {3 -- 22},
  year      = {2017},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Kainz2023,
  author    = {Kainz, Fritz},
  title     = {Extraterritorial Constitutional Rights},
  series = {MenschenRechtsMagazin},
  volume    = {28},
  journal   = {MenschenRechtsMagazin},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {2941-1149},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-60996},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-609962},
  pages     = {140 -- 150},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Im Laufe der vergangenen Jahrzehnte widmeten Lehre und Rechtsprechung der extraterritorialen Anwendbarkeit von Menschenrechtsabkommen erhebliche Aufmerksamkeit. Im Gegensatz fand die extraterritoriale Anwendung verfassungsgesetzlich verankerter Grundrechte nur in den Vereinigten Staaten vergleichbares akademisches Interesse. Insbesondere l{\"a}sst sich ein Mangel an vergleichender Forschung in diesem Bereich feststellen, was zur herrschenden Meinung beitr{\"a}gt, dass internationale Menschenrechtskonventionen den geeigneten Rahmen bieten, unter dem inl{\"a}ndische Gerichte extraterritoriale Fragen des Verfassungsrechts pr{\"u}fen sollten. Dieser Artikel argumentiert, dass inl{\"a}ndische verfassungsrechtliche Regelungen und die zu ihrer Durchsetzung zust{\"a}ndigen Gerichte ein wichtiges Gegengewicht in der festgefahrenen internationalen Extraterritorialit{\"a}tsdebatte spielen sollten. Anhand zweier Fallstudien aus Deutschland und den Vereinigten Staaten wird gezeigt, dass inl{\"a}ndische Verfassungsgerichte manchmal besser geeignet sind als Vertragsorgane, um die Grundwerte der Menschenw{\"u}rde und der Universalit{\"a}t im extraterritorialen Kontext zu wahren. Dies zeigt sich besonders deutlich am Beispiel Deutschlands, das {\"u}ber eine lange Tradition der Integration in internationale Mehrebenensysteme und des grundrechtliche "Bottom-up"-Widerstands innerhalb solcher Systeme verf{\"u}gt. Aktuelle F{\"a}lle des Bundesverfassungsgerichts zur extraterritorialen Anwendung des Grundgesetzes auf ausl{\"a}ndische nachrichtendienstliche Aktivit{\"a}ten und Klimawandel unterst{\"u}tzen diese Theorie. Allerdings kann ein unabh{\"a}ngiger verfassungsrechtlicher Ansatz auch in solchen nationalen Systemen eigenst{\"a}ndige normative Effekte erzielen, welche st{\"a}rker vom internationalen Menschenrechtssystem isoliert sind. So verwendete auch der amerikanische Oberste Gerichtshof (Supreme Court) die inl{\"a}ndische verfassungsrechtliche Doktrin, um die streng territoriale Auslegung des Internationalen Pakts {\"u}ber b{\"u}rgerliche und politische Rechte durch die amerikanische Regierung zu umgehen und einen funktionalen Ansatz f{\"u}r die extraterritoriale Anwendbarkeit von Grundrechten im Fall der Inhaftierung mutmaßlicher Terroristen im Marinest{\"u}tzpunkt von Guant{\´a}namo Bay zu nutzen. Die Untersuchung dieser Beispiele beansprucht nicht, umfassend oder repr{\"a}sentativ die vielf{\"a}ltigen Verfassungen der Welt und ihre Beziehungen zu v{\"o}lkerrechtlichen Menschenrechtsnormen zu untersuchen. Dennoch sollte die unabh{\"a}ngige Wirkung von verfassungsrechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen in diesen beiden disparaten F{\"a}llen umso mehr Anreiz f{\"u}r eine verst{\"a}rkte vergleichende Forschung zu verfassungsrechtlichen Extraterritorialit{\"a}tsregimen und ihrem Beitrag zum Projekt der Menschenrechte bieten.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Hajos2023,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Hajos, Yael},
  title     = {A Critical Overview of the Public Health Emergency of International Concern Mechanism},
  series = {Staat, Recht und Politik - Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere},
  journal   = {Staat, Recht und Politik - Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere},
  number    = {15},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {2509-6974},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-58523},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-585238},
  pages     = {20},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {The last years have been affected by Covid-19 and the international emergency mecha-nism to deal with health-related threats. The effects of this period manifested differ-ently worldwide, depending on matters such as international relations, national policies, power dynamics etc. Additionally, the impact of this time will likely have long-term effects which are yet to be known. This paper gives a critical overview of the Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) mechanism in the context of Covid-19. It does so by explaining the legal framework for states of emergency, specifically in the context of a PHEIC, while considering its restrictions and limitations on human rights. It further outlines issues in the manifestation of global protections and limitations on human rights during Covid-19. Lastly, considering the likelihood of future PHEICs and the known systemic obstructions, this paper offers ways to im-prove this mechanism from a holistic, non-zero-sum perspective.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{FreudenreichRanft2009,
  author    = {Freudenreich, Johannes and Ranft, Florian},
  title     = {Learning from the past},
  series = {MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen},
  volume    = {14},
  journal   = {MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {1434-2820},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-35494},
  pages     = {22 -- 42},
  year      = {2009},
  abstract  = {Content I. Introduction II. Theoretical Approach III. Empirical Analysis of Truth Commissions IV. Learning from the Past V. Conclusion VI. Annex},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{DamenKoehlerWoodard2017,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Damen, Juliane and K{\"o}hler, Lena and Woodard, Sean},
  title     = {The Human Right of Privacy in the Digital Age},
  series = {Staat, Recht und Politik - Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere},
  journal   = {Staat, Recht und Politik - Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {2509-6974},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-399265},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {The right to privacy in the digital age generates new challenges for the international jurisdiction. The following article deals with such challenges. Therefore it firstly defines the term of privacy in general and presents an international legal framework. With whisteblower Snowden a huge political discourse was initiated and the article gives insights into its further development. In 2015 the Human Rights Council for the first time announced a special rapporteur on the right to privacy. However, the discourse is not only taking place on a political level, also civil society organizations advocate more stringent regulations and prosecutions against violations of the right to privacy. Moreover the importance of the technology sector becomes clear. Companies like Microsoft are increasingly taking responsibility to protect digital media against unjustified data misuse, surveillance, collection and storage. But whereas the IT sector is developing very quickly, legislative processes do so rather slowly. Lastly, the individual is also hold to account. To protect oneself against data misuse is to a great extent acting self-responsible. Still, therefore information on protection must be clear and accessible for everyone.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Nastasa2024,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Nastasa, Ruxandra},
  title     = {Germany and the EU's pursuit of gender equality in peace and security},
  series = {Staat, Recht und Politik - Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere},
  journal   = {Staat, Recht und Politik - Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere},
  number    = {16},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {2509-6974},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-62850},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-628501},
  pages     = {15},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {The Women, Peace and Security Agenda (WPSA) is an international framework addressing the disproportionate impact of armed conflict on women and girls and promoting their meaningful participation in peacebuilding efforts. The Security Council called on Member States to develop National Action Plans (NAPs) to operationalize the four pillars of the Agenda. This study looks at the relevant steps undertaken by both Germany and the European Union. The author calls for improvements on either level and makes four recommendations.},
  language  = {en}
}