@article{DiethelmSyrbe2015, author = {Diethelm, Ira and Syrbe, J{\"o}rn}, title = {Let's talk about CS!}, series = {KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT}, journal = {KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT}, number = {7}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1868-0844}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82983}, pages = {411 -- 414}, year = {2015}, abstract = {To communicate about a science is the most important key competence in education for any science. Without communication we cannot teach, so teachers should reflect about the language they use in class properly. But the language students and teachers use to communicate about their CS courses is very heterogeneous, inconsistent and deeply influenced by tool names. There is a big lack of research and discussion in CS education regarding the terminology and the role of concepts and tools in our science. We don't have a consistent set of terminology that we agree on to be helpful for learning our science. This makes it nearly impossible to do research on CS competencies as long as we have not agreed on the names we use to describe these. This workshop intends to provide room to fill with discussion and first ideas for future research in this field.}, language = {en} } @article{LaiDavisEickelmannetal.2015, author = {Lai, Kwok-Wing and Davis, Niki and Eickelmann, Birgit and Erstad, Ola and Fisser, Petra and Gibson, David and Khaddage, Ferial and Knezek, Gerald and Webb, Mary}, title = {Tackling Educational Challenges in a Digitally Networked World}, series = {KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT}, journal = {KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT}, number = {7}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1868-0844}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82997}, pages = {415 -- 423}, year = {2015}, language = {en} } @article{Micheuz2015, author = {Micheuz, Peter}, title = {Discussing Educational Standards for Digital Competence and/or Informatics Education at Lower Secondary Level}, series = {KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT}, journal = {KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT}, number = {7}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1868-0844}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-83008}, pages = {425 -- 431}, year = {2015}, abstract = {Participants of this workshop will be confronted exemplarily with a considerable inconsistency of global Informatics education at lower secondary level. More importantly, they are invited to contribute actively on this issue in form of short case studies of their countries. Until now, very few countries have been successful in implementing Informatics or Computing at primary and lower secondary level. The spectrum from digital literacy to informatics, particularly as a discipline in its own right, has not really achieved a breakthrough and seems to be underrepresented for these age groups. The goal of this workshop is not only to discuss the anamnesis and diagnosis of this fragmented field, but also to discuss and suggest viable forms of therapy in form of setting educational standards. Making visible good practices in some countries and comparing successful approaches are rewarding tasks for this workshop. Discussing and defining common educational standards on a transcontinental level for the age group of 14 to 15 years old students in a readable, assessable and acceptable form should keep the participants of this workshop active beyond the limited time at the workshop.}, language = {en} } @article{DelgadoKloos2015, author = {Delgado Kloos, Carlos}, title = {What about the Competencies of Educators in the New Era of Digital Education?}, series = {KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT}, journal = {KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT}, number = {7}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1868-0844}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-83015}, pages = {435 -- 438}, year = {2015}, abstract = {A lot has been published about the competencies needed by students in the 21st century (Ravenscroft et al., 2012). However, equally important are the competencies needed by educators in the new era of digital education. We review the key competencies for educators in light of the new methods of teaching and learning proposed by Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) and their on-campus counterparts, Small Private Online Courses (SPOCs).}, language = {en} } @article{SteinertStabernack2022, author = {Steinert, Fritjof and Stabernack, Benno}, title = {Architecture of a low latency H.264/AVC video codec for robust ML based image classification how region of interests can minimize the impact of coding artifacts}, series = {Journal of Signal Processing Systems for Signal, Image, and Video Technology}, volume = {94}, journal = {Journal of Signal Processing Systems for Signal, Image, and Video Technology}, number = {7}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {New York}, issn = {1939-8018}, doi = {10.1007/s11265-021-01727-2}, pages = {693 -- 708}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The use of neural networks is considered as the state of the art in the field of image classification. A large number of different networks are available for this purpose, which, appropriately trained, permit a high level of classification accuracy. Typically, these networks are applied to uncompressed image data, since a corresponding training was also carried out using image data of similar high quality. However, if image data contains image errors, the classification accuracy deteriorates drastically. This applies in particular to coding artifacts which occur due to image and video compression. Typical application scenarios for video compression are narrowband transmission channels for which video coding is required but a subsequent classification is to be carried out on the receiver side. In this paper we present a special H.264/Advanced Video Codec (AVC) based video codec that allows certain regions of a picture to be coded with near constant picture quality in order to allow a reliable classification using neural networks, whereas the remaining image will be coded using constant bit rate. We have combined this feature with the ability to run with lowest latency properties, which is usually also required in remote control applications scenarios. The codec has been implemented as a fully hardwired High Definition video capable hardware architecture which is suitable for Field Programmable Gate Arrays.}, language = {en} } @article{HuangRichterKleickmannetal.2021, author = {Huang, Yizhen and Richter, Eric and Kleickmann, Thilo and Wiepke, Axel and Richter, Dirk}, title = {Classroom complexity affects student teachers' behavior in a VR classroom}, series = {Computers \& education : an international journal}, volume = {163}, journal = {Computers \& education : an international journal}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0360-1315}, doi = {10.1016/j.compedu.2020.104100}, pages = {15}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Student teachers often struggle to keep track of everything that is happening in the classroom, and particularly to notice and respond when students cause disruptions. The complexity of the classroom environment is a potential contributing factor that has not been empirically tested. In this experimental study, we utilized a virtual reality (VR) classroom to examine whether classroom complexity affects the likelihood of student teachers noticing disruptions and how they react after noticing. Classroom complexity was operationalized as the number of disruptions and the existence of overlapping disruptions (multidimensionality) as well as the existence of parallel teaching tasks (simultaneity). Results showed that student teachers (n = 50) were less likely to notice the scripted disruptions, and also less likely to respond to the disruptions in a comprehensive and effortful manner when facing greater complexity. These results may have implications for both teacher training and the design of VR for training or research purpose. This study contributes to the field from two aspects: 1) it revealed how features of the classroom environment can affect student teachers' noticing of and reaction to disruptions; and 2) it extends the functionality of the VR environment-from a teacher training tool to a testbed of fundamental classroom processes that are difficult to manipulate in real-life.}, language = {en} } @article{BrewkaEllmauthalerKernIsberneretal.2018, author = {Brewka, Gerhard and Ellmauthaler, Stefan and Kern-Isberner, Gabriele and Obermeier, Philipp and Ostrowski, Max and Romero, Javier and Schaub, Torsten H. and Schieweck, Steffen}, title = {Advanced solving technology for dynamic and reactive applications}, series = {K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz}, volume = {32}, journal = {K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz}, number = {2-3}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Heidelberg}, issn = {0933-1875}, doi = {10.1007/s13218-018-0538-8}, pages = {199 -- 200}, year = {2018}, language = {en} } @article{LutherTiberiusBrem2020, author = {Luther, Laura and Tiberius, Victor and Brem, Alexander}, title = {User experience (UX) in business, management, and psychology}, series = {Multimodal technologies and interaction : open access journal}, volume = {4}, journal = {Multimodal technologies and interaction : open access journal}, number = {2}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2414-4088}, doi = {10.3390/mti4020018}, pages = {19}, year = {2020}, abstract = {User Experience (UX) describes the holistic experience of a user before, during, and after interaction with a platform, product, or service. UX adds value and attraction to their sole functionality and is therefore highly relevant for firms. The increased interest in UX has produced a vast amount of scholarly research since 1983. The research field is, therefore, complex and scattered. Conducting a bibliometric analysis, we aim at structuring the field quantitatively and rather abstractly. We employed citation analyses, co-citation analyses, and content analyses to evaluate productivity and impact of extant research. We suggest that future research should focus more on business and management related topics.}, language = {en} } @article{LamprechtMargariaSteffen2014, author = {Lamprecht, Anna-Lena and Margaria, Tiziana and Steffen, Bernhard}, title = {Modeling and Execution of Scientific Workflows with the jABC Framework}, series = {Process Design for Natural Scientists: an agile model-driven approach}, journal = {Process Design for Natural Scientists: an agile model-driven approach}, number = {500}, editor = {Lambrecht, Anna-Lena and Margaria, Tiziana}, publisher = {Springer Verlag}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-662-45005-5}, issn = {1865-0929}, pages = {14 -- 29}, year = {2014}, abstract = {We summarize here the main characteristics and features of the jABC framework, used in the case studies as a graphical tool for modeling scientific processes and workflows. As a comprehensive environment for service-oriented modeling and design according to the XMDD (eXtreme Model-Driven Design) paradigm, the jABC offers much more than the pure modeling capability. Associated technologies and plugins provide in fact means for a rich variety of supporting functionality, such as remote service integration, taxonomical service classification, model execution, model verification, model synthesis, and model compilation. We describe here in short both the essential jABC features and the service integration philosophy followed in the environment. In our work over the last years we have seen that this kind of service definition and provisioning platform has the potential to become a core technology in interdisciplinary service orchestration and technology transfer: Domain experts, like scientists not specially trained in computer science, directly define complex service orchestrations as process models and use efficient and complex domain-specific tools in a simple and intuitive way.}, language = {en} } @article{LamprechtMargaria2014, author = {Lamprecht, Anna-Lena and Margaria, Tiziana}, title = {Scientific Workflows and XMDD}, series = {Process Design for Natural Scientists: an agile model-driven approach}, journal = {Process Design for Natural Scientists: an agile model-driven approach}, number = {500}, editor = {Lambrecht, Anna-Lena and Margaria, Tiziana}, publisher = {Springer Verlag}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-662-45005-5}, issn = {1865-0929}, pages = {1 -- 13}, year = {2014}, abstract = {A major part of the scientific experiments that are carried out today requires thorough computational support. While database and algorithm providers face the problem of bundling resources to create and sustain powerful computation nodes, the users have to deal with combining sets of (remote) services into specific data analysis and transformation processes. Today's attention to "big data" amplifies the issues of size, heterogeneity, and process-level diversity/integration. In the last decade, especially workflow-based approaches to deal with these processes have enjoyed great popularity. This book concerns a particularly agile and model-driven approach to manage scientific workflows that is based on the XMDD paradigm. In this chapter we explain the scope and purpose of the book, briefly describe the concepts and technologies of the XMDD paradigm, explain the principal differences to related approaches, and outline the structure of the book.}, language = {en} } @article{LamprechtWickertMargaria2014, author = {Lamprecht, Anna-Lena and Wickert, Alexander and Margaria, Tiziana}, title = {Lessons Learned}, series = {Process Design for Natural Scientists: an agile model-driven approach}, journal = {Process Design for Natural Scientists: an agile model-driven approach}, number = {500}, editor = {Lambrecht, Anna-Lena and Margaria, Tiziana}, publisher = {Springer Verlag}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-662-45005-5}, issn = {1865-0929}, pages = {45 -- 64}, year = {2014}, abstract = {This chapter summarizes the experience and the lessons we learned concerning the application of the jABC as a framework for design and execution of scientific workflows. It reports experiences from the domain modeling (especially service integration) and workflow design phases and evaluates the resulting models statistically with respect to the SIB library and hierarchy levels.}, language = {en} } @article{LamprechtWickert2014, author = {Lamprecht, Anna-Lena and Wickert, Alexander}, title = {The Course's SIB Libraries}, series = {Process Design for Natural Scientists: an agile model-driven approach}, journal = {Process Design for Natural Scientists: an agile model-driven approach}, number = {500}, editor = {Lambrecht, Anna-Lena and Margaria, Tiziana}, publisher = {Springer Verlag}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-662-45005-5}, issn = {1865-0929}, pages = {30 -- 44}, year = {2014}, abstract = {This chapter gives a detailed description of the service framework underlying all the example projects that form the foundation of this book. It describes the different SIB libraries that we made available for the course "Process modeling in the natural sciences" to provide the functionality that was required for the envisaged applications. The students used these SIB libraries to realize their projects.}, language = {en} } @article{LamprechtMargaria2015, author = {Lamprecht, Anna-Lena and Margaria, Tiziana}, title = {Scientific workflows and XMDD}, series = {Process design for natural scientists}, journal = {Process design for natural scientists}, editor = {Lamprecht, Anna-Lena and Margaria, Tiziana}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-662-45006-2}, pages = {1 -- 13}, year = {2015}, language = {en} } @article{AlSaffar2013, author = {Al-Saffar, Loay Talib Ahmed}, title = {Where girls take the role of boys in CS}, series = {Commentarii informaticae didacticae : (CID)}, journal = {Commentarii informaticae didacticae : (CID)}, number = {5}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1868-0844}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-65034}, pages = {149 -- 154}, year = {2013}, abstract = {A survey has been carried out in the Computer Science (CS) department at the University of Baghdad to investigate the attitudes of CS students in a female dominant environment, showing the differences between male and female students in different academic years. We also compare the attitudes of the freshman students of two different cultures (University of Baghdad, Iraq, and the University of Potsdam).}, language = {en} } @article{Petre2013, author = {Petre, Marian}, title = {Computing is not a spectator sport}, series = {Commentarii informaticae didacticae : (CID)}, journal = {Commentarii informaticae didacticae : (CID)}, number = {5}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1868-0844}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-65045}, pages = {155 -- 159}, year = {2013}, abstract = {This talk will describe My Digital Life (TU100), a distance learning module that introduces computer science through immediate engagement with ubiquitous computing (ubicomp). This talk will describe some of the principles and concepts we have adopted for this modern computing introduction: the idea of the 'informed digital citizen'; engagement through narrative; playful pedagogy; making the power of ubicomp available to novices; setting technical skills in real contexts. It will also trace how the pedagogy is informed by experiences and research in Computer Science education.}, language = {en} } @article{GautamZhangLandwehretal.2021, author = {Gautam, Khem Raj and Zhang, Guoqiang and Landwehr, Niels and Adolphs, Julian}, title = {Machine learning for improvement of thermal conditions inside a hybrid ventilated animal building}, series = {Computers and electronics in agriculture : COMPAG online ; an international journal}, volume = {187}, journal = {Computers and electronics in agriculture : COMPAG online ; an international journal}, publisher = {Elsevier Science}, address = {Amsterdam [u.a.]}, issn = {0168-1699}, doi = {10.1016/j.compag.2021.106259}, pages = {10}, year = {2021}, abstract = {In buildings with hybrid ventilation, natural ventilation opening positions (windows), mechanical ventilation rates, heating, and cooling are manipulated to maintain desired thermal conditions. The indoor temperature is regulated solely by ventilation (natural and mechanical) when the external conditions are favorable to save external heating and cooling energy. The ventilation parameters are determined by a rule-based control scheme, which is not optimal. This study proposes a methodology to enable real-time optimum control of ventilation parameters. We developed offline prediction models to estimate future thermal conditions from the data collected from building in operation. The developed offline model is then used to find the optimal controllable ventilation parameters in real-time to minimize the setpoint deviation in the building. With the proposed methodology, the experimental building's setpoint deviation improved for 87\% of time, on average, by 0.53 degrees C compared to the current deviations.}, language = {en} } @article{BredeBotta2021, author = {Brede, Nuria and Botta, Nicola}, title = {On the correctness of monadic backward induction}, series = {Journal of functional programming}, volume = {31}, journal = {Journal of functional programming}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {1469-7653}, doi = {10.1017/S0956796821000228}, pages = {39}, year = {2021}, abstract = {In control theory, to solve a finite-horizon sequential decision problem (SDP) commonly means to find a list of decision rules that result in an optimal expected total reward (or cost) when taking a given number of decision steps. SDPs are routinely solved using Bellman's backward induction. Textbook authors (e.g. Bertsekas or Puterman) typically give more or less formal proofs to show that the backward induction algorithm is correct as solution method for deterministic and stochastic SDPs. Botta, Jansson and Ionescu propose a generic framework for finite horizon, monadic SDPs together with a monadic version of backward induction for solving such SDPs. In monadic SDPs, the monad captures a generic notion of uncertainty, while a generic measure function aggregates rewards. In the present paper, we define a notion of correctness for monadic SDPs and identify three conditions that allow us to prove a correctness result for monadic backward induction that is comparable to textbook correctness proofs for ordinary backward induction. The conditions that we impose are fairly general and can be cast in category-theoretical terms using the notion of Eilenberg-Moore algebra. They hold in familiar settings like those of deterministic or stochastic SDPs, but we also give examples in which they fail. Our results show that backward induction can safely be employed for a broader class of SDPs than usually treated in textbooks. However, they also rule out certain instances that were considered admissible in the context of Botta et al. 's generic framework. Our development is formalised in Idris as an extension of the Botta et al. framework and the sources are available as supplementary material.}, language = {en} } @article{ChenLangeAndjelkovicetal.2022, author = {Chen, Junchao and Lange, Thomas and Andjelkovic, Marko and Simevski, Aleksandar and Lu, Li and Krstić, Miloš}, title = {Solar particle event and single event upset prediction from SRAM-based monitor and supervised machine learning}, series = {IEEE transactions on emerging topics in computing / IEEE Computer Society, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers}, volume = {10}, journal = {IEEE transactions on emerging topics in computing / IEEE Computer Society, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers}, number = {2}, publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers}, address = {[New York, NY]}, issn = {2168-6750}, doi = {10.1109/TETC.2022.3147376}, pages = {564 -- 580}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The intensity of cosmic radiation may differ over five orders of magnitude within a few hours or days during the Solar Particle Events (SPEs), thus increasing for several orders of magnitude the probability of Single Event Upsets (SEUs) in space-borne electronic systems. Therefore, it is vital to enable the early detection of the SEU rate changes in order to ensure timely activation of dynamic radiation hardening measures. In this paper, an embedded approach for the prediction of SPEs and SRAM SEU rate is presented. The proposed solution combines the real-time SRAM-based SEU monitor, the offline-trained machine learning model and online learning algorithm for the prediction. With respect to the state-of-the-art, our solution brings the following benefits: (1) Use of existing on-chip data storage SRAM as a particle detector, thus minimizing the hardware and power overhead, (2) Prediction of SRAM SEU rate one hour in advance, with the fine-grained hourly tracking of SEU variations during SPEs as well as under normal conditions, (3) Online optimization of the prediction model for enhancing the prediction accuracy during run-time, (4) Negligible cost of hardware accelerator design for the implementation of selected machine learning model and online learning algorithm. The proposed design is intended for a highly dependable and self-adaptive multiprocessing system employed in space applications, allowing to trigger the radiation mitigation mechanisms before the onset of high radiation levels.}, language = {en} } @article{TavakoliAlirezazadehHedayatipouretal.2021, author = {Tavakoli, Hamad and Alirezazadeh, Pendar and Hedayatipour, Ava and Nasib, A. H. Banijamali and Landwehr, Niels}, title = {Leaf image-based classification of some common bean cultivars using discriminative convolutional neural networks}, series = {Computers and electronics in agriculture : COMPAG online ; an international journal}, volume = {181}, journal = {Computers and electronics in agriculture : COMPAG online ; an international journal}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam [u.a.]}, issn = {0168-1699}, doi = {10.1016/j.compag.2020.105935}, pages = {11}, year = {2021}, abstract = {In recent years, many efforts have been made to apply image processing techniques for plant leaf identification. However, categorizing leaf images at the cultivar/variety level, because of the very low inter-class variability, is still a challenging task. In this research, we propose an automatic discriminative method based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for classifying 12 different cultivars of common beans that belong to three various species. We show that employing advanced loss functions, such as Additive Angular Margin Loss and Large Margin Cosine Loss, instead of the standard softmax loss function for the classification can yield better discrimination between classes and thereby mitigate the problem of low inter-class variability. The method was evaluated by classifying species (level I), cultivars from the same species (level II), and cultivars from different species (level III), based on images from the leaf foreside and backside. The results indicate that the performance of the classification algorithm on the leaf backside image dataset is superior. The maximum mean classification accuracies of 95.86, 91.37 and 86.87\% were obtained at the levels I, II and III, respectively. The proposed method outperforms the previous relevant works and provides a reliable approach for plant cultivars identification.}, language = {en} } @article{CabalarFandinoFarinasdelCerro2021, author = {Cabalar, Pedro and Fandi{\~n}o, Jorge and Fari{\~n}as del Cerro, Luis}, title = {Splitting epistemic logic programs}, series = {Theory and practice of logic programming / publ. for the Association for Logic Programming}, volume = {21}, journal = {Theory and practice of logic programming / publ. for the Association for Logic Programming}, number = {3}, publisher = {Cambridge Univ. Press}, address = {Cambridge [u.a.]}, issn = {1471-0684}, doi = {10.1017/S1471068420000058}, pages = {296 -- 316}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Epistemic logic programs constitute an extension of the stable model semantics to deal with new constructs called subjective literals. Informally speaking, a subjective literal allows checking whether some objective literal is true in all or some stable models. As it can be imagined, the associated semantics has proved to be non-trivial, since the truth of subjective literals may interfere with the set of stable models it is supposed to query. As a consequence, no clear agreement has been reached and different semantic proposals have been made in the literature. Unfortunately, comparison among these proposals has been limited to a study of their effect on individual examples, rather than identifying general properties to be checked. In this paper, we propose an extension of the well-known splitting property for logic programs to the epistemic case. We formally define when an arbitrary semantics satisfies the epistemic splitting property and examine some of the consequences that can be derived from that, including its relation to conformant planning and to epistemic constraints. Interestingly, we prove (through counterexamples) that most of the existing approaches fail to fulfill the epistemic splitting property, except the original semantics proposed by Gelfond 1991 and a recent proposal by the authors, called Founded Autoepistemic Equilibrium Logic.}, language = {en} }