@misc{BlenauMustardHamiltonetal.2003, author = {Blenau, Wolfgang and Mustard, Julie A. and Hamilton, Ingrid S. and Ward, Vernon K. and Ebert, Paul R. and Mercer, Alison R.}, title = {Analysis of two D1-like dopamine receptors from the honey bee Apis mellifera reveals agonist-independent activity}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-44378}, year = {2003}, abstract = {Dopamine is found in many invertebrate organisms, including insects, however, the mechanisms through which this amine operates remain unclear. We have expressed two dopamine receptors cloned from honey bee (AmDOP1 and AmDOP2) in insect cells (Spodoptera frugiperda), and compared their pharmacology directly using production of cAMP as a functional assay. In each assay, AmDOP1 receptors required lower concentrations of dopamine and 6,7-ADTN for maximal activation than AmDOP2 receptors. Conversely, butaclamol and cis(Z)-flupentixol were more potent at blocking the cAMP response mediated through AmDOP2 than AmDOP1 receptors. Expression of AmDOP1, but not AmDOP2, receptors significantly increased levels of cAMP even in the absence of ligand. This constitutive activity was blocked by cis(Z)-flupentixol. This work provides the first evidence of a constitutively activated dopamine receptor in invertebrates and suggests that although AmDOP1 and AmDOP2 share much less homology than their vertebrate counterparts, they display a number of functional parallels with the mammalian D1-like dopamine receptors.}, language = {en} } @misc{BlenauGrohmannErberetal.2003, author = {Blenau, Wolfgang and Grohmann, Lore and Erber, Joachim and Ebert, Paul R. and Str{\"u}nker, Timo and Baumann, Arnd}, title = {Molecular and functional characterization of an octopamine receptor from honeybee (Apis mellifera) brain}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-44293}, year = {2003}, abstract = {Biogenic amines and their receptors regulate and modulate many physiological and behavioural processes in animals. In vertebrates, octopamine is only found in trace amounts and its function as a true neurotransmitter is unclear. In protostomes, however, octopamine can act as neurotransmitter, neuromodulator and neurohormone. In the honeybee, octopamine acts as a neuromodulator and is involved in learning and memory formation. The identification of potential octopamine receptors is decisive for an understanding of the cellular pathways involved in mediating the effects of octopamine. Here we report the cloning and functional characterization of the first octopamine receptor from the honeybee, Apis mellifera . The gene was isolated from a brain-specific cDNA library. It encodes a protein most closely related to octopamine receptors from Drosophila melanogaster and Lymnea stagnalis . Signalling properties of the cloned receptor were studied in transiently transfected human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells. Nanomolar to micromolar concentrations of octopamine induced oscillatory increases in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration. In contrast to octopamine, tyramine only elicited Ca2+ responses at micromolar concentrations. The gene is abundantly expressed in many somata of the honeybee brain, suggesting that this octopamine receptor is involved in the processing of sensory inputs, antennal motor outputs and higher-order brain functions.}, language = {en} } @article{ChipmanFerrierBrenaetal.2014, author = {Chipman, Ariel D. and Ferrier, David E. K. and Brena, Carlo and Qu, Jiaxin and Hughes, Daniel S. T. and Schroeder, Reinhard and Torres-Oliva, Montserrat and Znassi, Nadia and Jiang, Huaiyang and Almeida, Francisca C. and Alonso, Claudio R. and Apostolou, Zivkos and Aqrawi, Peshtewani and Arthur, Wallace and Barna, Jennifer C. J. and Blankenburg, Kerstin P. and Brites, Daniela and Capella-Gutierrez, Salvador and Coyle, Marcus and Dearden, Peter K. and Du Pasquier, Louis and Duncan, Elizabeth J. and Ebert, Dieter and Eibner, Cornelius and Erikson, Galina and Evans, Peter D. and Extavour, Cassandra G. and Francisco, Liezl and Gabaldon, Toni and Gillis, William J. and Goodwin-Horn, Elizabeth A. and Green, Jack E. and Griffiths-Jones, Sam and Grimmelikhuijzen, Cornelis J. P. and Gubbala, Sai and Guigo, Roderic and Han, Yi and Hauser, Frank and Havlak, Paul and Hayden, Luke and Helbing, Sophie and Holder, Michael and Hui, Jerome H. L. and Hunn, Julia P. and Hunnekuhl, Vera S. and Jackson, LaRonda and Javaid, Mehwish and Jhangiani, Shalini N. and Jiggins, Francis M. and Jones, Tamsin E. and Kaiser, Tobias S. and Kalra, Divya and Kenny, Nathan J. and Korchina, Viktoriya and Kovar, Christie L. and Kraus, F. Bernhard and Lapraz, Francois and Lee, Sandra L. and Lv, Jie and Mandapat, Christigale and Manning, Gerard and Mariotti, Marco and Mata, Robert and Mathew, Tittu and Neumann, Tobias and Newsham, Irene and Ngo, Dinh N. and Ninova, Maria and Okwuonu, Geoffrey and Ongeri, Fiona and Palmer, William J. and Patil, Shobha and Patraquim, Pedro and Pham, Christopher and Pu, Ling-Ling and Putman, Nicholas H. and Rabouille, Catherine and Ramos, Olivia Mendivil and Rhodes, Adelaide C. and Robertson, Helen E. and Robertson, Hugh M. and Ronshaugen, Matthew and Rozas, Julio and Saada, Nehad and Sanchez-Gracia, Alejandro and Scherer, Steven E. and Schurko, Andrew M. and Siggens, Kenneth W. and Simmons, DeNard and Stief, Anna and Stolle, Eckart and Telford, Maximilian J. and Tessmar-Raible, Kristin and Thornton, Rebecca and van der Zee, Maurijn and von Haeseler, Arndt and Williams, James M. and Willis, Judith H. and Wu, Yuanqing and Zou, Xiaoyan and Lawson, Daniel and Muzny, Donna M. and Worley, Kim C. and Gibbs, Richard A. and Akam, Michael and Richards, Stephen}, title = {The first myriapod genome sequence reveals conservative arthropod gene content and genome organisation in the centipede Strigamia maritima}, series = {PLoS biology}, volume = {12}, journal = {PLoS biology}, number = {11}, publisher = {PLoS}, address = {San Fransisco}, issn = {1545-7885}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pbio.1002005}, pages = {24}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Myriapods (e. g., centipedes and millipedes) display a simple homonomous body plan relative to other arthropods. All members of the class are terrestrial, but they attained terrestriality independently of insects. Myriapoda is the only arthropod class not represented by a sequenced genome. We present an analysis of the genome of the centipede Strigamia maritima. It retains a compact genome that has undergone less gene loss and shuffling than previously sequenced arthropods, and many orthologues of genes conserved from the bilaterian ancestor that have been lost in insects. Our analysis locates many genes in conserved macro-synteny contexts, and many small-scale examples of gene clustering. We describe several examples where S. maritima shows different solutions from insects to similar problems. The insect olfactory receptor gene family is absent from S. maritima, and olfaction in air is likely effected by expansion of other receptor gene families. For some genes S. maritima has evolved paralogues to generate coding sequence diversity, where insects use alternate splicing. This is most striking for the Dscam gene, which in Drosophila generates more than 100,000 alternate splice forms, but in S. maritima is encoded by over 100 paralogues. We see an intriguing linkage between the absence of any known photosensory proteins in a blind organism and the additional absence of canonical circadian clock genes. The phylogenetic position of myriapods allows us to identify where in arthropod phylogeny several particular molecular mechanisms and traits emerged. For example, we conclude that juvenile hormone signalling evolved with the emergence of the exoskeleton in the arthropods and that RR-1 containing cuticle proteins evolved in the lineage leading to Mandibulata. We also identify when various gene expansions and losses occurred. The genome of S. maritima offers us a unique glimpse into the ancestral arthropod genome, while also displaying many adaptations to its specific life history.}, language = {en} }