@article{KarwinkelWinklhoferJanneretal.2022,
  author    = {Karwinkel, Thiemo and Winklhofer, Michael and Janner, Lars Erik and Brust, Vera and H{\"u}ppop, Ommo and Bairlein, Franz and Schmaljohann, Heiko},
  title     = {A magnetic pulse does not affect free-flight navigation behaviour of a medium-distance songbird migrant in spring},
  series = {The journal of experimental biology},
  volume    = {225},
  journal   = {The journal of experimental biology},
  number    = {19},
  publisher = {Company of Biologists},
  address   = {Cambridge},
  issn      = {0022-0949},
  doi       = {10.1242/jeb.244473},
  pages     = {7},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Current evidence suggests that migratory animals extract map information from the geomagnetic field for true navigation. The sensory basis underlying this feat is elusive, but presumably involves magnetic particles. A common experimental manipulation procedure consists of pre-treating animals with a magnetic pulse, with the aim of re-magnetising particles to alter the internal representation of the external field prior to a navigation task. Although pulsing provoked deflected bearings in caged songbirds, analogous studies with free-flying songbirds yielded inconsistent results. Here, we pulsed European robins (Erithacus rubecula) at an offshore stopover site during spring migration and monitored their free-flight behaviour with a regional-scale network of radio-receiving stations. We found no pulse effect on departure probability, nocturnal departure timing departure direction or consistency of flight direction. This suggests either no use of the geomagnetic map by our birds, or that magnetic pulses do not affect the sensory system underlying geomagnetic map detection.},
  language  = {en}
}