@article{Scheffler2008, author = {Scheffler, Ingo}, title = {Zur F{\"a}higkeit von Ektoparasiten der Flederm{\"a}use ihre Wirte aktiv aufzusuchen}, year = {2008}, abstract = {Active host-searching in bat ectoparasites. As a pilot study, this paper discribes the mobility of ectoparasites after removing from their hosts. Spinturnix acuminatus (Koch, 1836)(Acari, Spinturnicidae) a permanent stationary bat mite normally survives the removing only a few hours. This species moves easily on the patagium or on human skin. In contrast, on other surfaces the movements of this species seems to be less orientated and it is unlikely that the mite can reach a host in some distance. Nycteribia kolenatii Theodor \& Moscona, 1954 (Diptera: Nycteribiidae) a bat fly, shows excellent movements in the fur of its host. The specimens survive the removing from the host several days. The ability to clamber up a wall was tested with a rough clay brick. The bat fly achieves only 9,6 cm on average. This result does not support good abilities for host searching in this species. Bat fleas (Siphonaptera: Ischnopsyllidae): Ischnopsyllus elongatus (Curtis, 1832), I. hexactenus (Kolenati, 1856), I. simplex (Rothschild, 1906)and other species survive the removing from their hosts several days. In case of a vertical barrier they showed a stereotype upside climbing, followed by a horizontal appetitive behavior. The fleas were climbing a distance in the upside of 6,45 m on average(1,2-21,68 m). As excellent climbers bat fleas are able to overcome edges and slopes and to crawl on the ceiling. Therefore, it seems to be no problem for a flea to parasite any bat in a resting room. Additionally, some bugs (Cimex lectularius Linnaeus, 1758) were examinated. They run with a speed of 63 cm per minute and were able to climb easily on the brick. On average their stretch of way achieved 2,85 m in ten minutes.}, language = {de} } @article{SchefflerRessler2007, author = {Scheffler, Ingo and Ressler, Rene}, title = {Untersuchungen zur Ektoparasitenfauna (Siphonaptera: Ischnopsyllidae; Diptera: Nycteribiidae; Heteroptera: Cimicidae) an Flederm{\"a}usen in Brandenburg : Teil 2}, year = {2007}, abstract = {Investigation of the ectoparasitic fauna (Siphonaptera: Ischnopsyllidae; Diptera: Nycteribiidae; Heteroptera: Cimicidae) on bats in Brandenburg, Germany (part 2). The current investigation of bats in summer and winter quarters took place in addition to the study of Scheffler and Ressler (2005) and supplied new data for spreading and host spectrum of fleas and bat flies. With Penicillidia monoceros Speiser, 1900 on Myotis daubentoni a species of bat fly was found, which was not known in brandenburg (Germany) before. The proof of the flea species Nycteridopsylla longiceps Rothschild, 1908 at Pipistrellus pipistrellus is only the third detection in Brandenburg after 1911 and 1964. With Barbastella barbastellus the spectrum of examinated bats was extended. This species was parasitized by two flea species. On four species of bats also bugs (Heteroptera: Cimicidae)could be caught in summer quarters, which belong to the species Cimex dissimilis (Horvat, 1910). The causes of varying parasitizing rates with different species of fleas and bat flies are discussed.}, language = {de} } @article{SchefflerRessler2005, author = {Scheffler, Ingo and Ressler, Rene}, title = {Untersuchungen zur Ektoparasitenfauna (Siphonaptera: Ischnopsyllidae; Diptera: Nycteribiidae) an Flederm{\"a}usen in Brandenburg}, year = {2005}, abstract = {Investigation of the ectoparasitic fauna (Siphonaptera: Ischnopsyllidae; Diptera: Nycteribiidae) on bats in Brandenburg, Germany. During the investigation of bats in hibernation places four species of fleas (Ischnopsyllus hexactenus (Kolenati, 1856) on Myotis myotis and Myotis nattereri, Nycteridopsylla pentactena (Kolenati, 1856)on Myotis daubentoni, Ischnopsyllus elongatus (Curtis, 1832) and Nycteridopsylla eusarca Dampf, 1908 on Nyctalus noctula) and one bat fly (Nycteribia kolenatii Theodor and Moscona, 1954 on Myotis daubentoni, Myotis natereri and Plecotus auritus were found. For the first time specimens of Pipistrellus pipistrellus and Pipistrellus pygmaeus were investigated separately in summer quarters to reveal differences in the parasitic flea fauna. Ischnopsyllus octactenus (Kolenati, 1856) was present on both bat species. The host-parasite relationship of autochthonous flea species in Brandenburg is discussed.}, language = {de} } @article{BendjeddouLoumassineScheffleretal.2017, author = {Bendjeddou, Mohammed Lamine and Loumassine, Hibat Allah and Scheffler, Ingo and Bouslama, Zihad and Amr, Zuhair}, title = {Bat ectoparasites (Nycteribiidae, Streblidae, Siphonaptera, Heteroptera, Mesostigmata, Argasidae, and Ixodidae) from Algeria}, series = {Journal of Vector Ecology}, volume = {42}, journal = {Journal of Vector Ecology}, publisher = {Wiley Interscience}, address = {Hoboken, NJ}, issn = {1948-7134}, doi = {10.1111/jvec.12235}, pages = {13 -- 23}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Twenty two species of ectoparasites (Family Nycteribiidae: Nycteribia (Listropoda) schmidlii schmidlii, Nycteribia (Nycteribia) latreillii, Nycteribia (Nycteribia) pedicularia, Penicillidia (Penicillidia) dufourii, and Phthiridium biarticulatum; Family Streblidae: Brachytarsina (Brachytarsina) flavipennis and Raymondia huberi; Order Siphonaptera: Rhinolophopsylla unipectinata arabs, Nycteridopsylla longiceps, Araeopsylla gestroi, Ischnopsyllus intermedius, and Ischnopsyllus octactenus; Order Heteroptera: Cimex pipistrelli, Cimex lectularius, and Cacodmus vicinus; Class Arachnida: Order Mesostigmata: Spinturnix myoti and Eyndhovenia euryalis; Order Ixodida: Family Argasidae: Argas transgariepinus and Argas vespertilionis; Family Ixodidae: Hyalomma dromedarii, Ixodes ricinus, and Ixodes vespertilionis) were recovered from 19 bat species in Algeria. New host records for bats are recorded for the first time: N. schmidlii from Rh. clivosus and R. cystops; N. latreillii from Rh. blasii and P. gaisleri; R. huberi from Rh. clivosus; C. pipistrelli from E. isabellinus and H. savii; C. vicinus from E. isabellinus; S. myoti from P. gaisleri; E. euryalis from P. gaisleri and Rh. blasii; A. vespertilionis from P. gaisleri; I. ricinus from T. teniotis and Rh. hipposideros and H. dromedarii from P. kuhlii. Raymondia huberi is recorded for the first time from Algeria.}, language = {en} } @article{Scheffler2010, author = {Scheffler, Ingo}, title = {Rote Waldameisen (Formica rufa) und Rauhhautflederm{\"a}use (Pipistrellus nathusii) : eine symbiotische Beziehung?}, year = {2010}, abstract = {In einer Wochenstubengesellschaft der Rauhhautfledermaus (Pipistrellus nathusii), in der Schorfheide im Norden Brandenburgs, wurde ein starkes Vorkommen der Roten Waldameise (Formica rufa) festgestellt. Die Flederm{\"a}use waren offensichtlich durch die Anwesenheit der Ameisen nicht beunruhigt. Der ungew{\"o}hnlich enge Kontakt zwischen Ameisen und Flederm{\"a}usen f{\"u}hrte zur {\"U}berlegung, dass es regelm{\"a}ssige Interaktionen zwischen Ameisen und Flederm{\"a}usen geben k{\"o}nnte, die beiden Seiten Vorteile bieten. Vergleichbare Beziehungen wurden bisher haupts{\"a}chlich bei V{\"o}geln als anting beschrieben. Interaktionen zum gegenseitigen Vorteil sind zwischen Flederm{\"a}usen und Ameisen bisher kaum beachtet worden, so dass weitere Untersuchungen notwendig sind.}, language = {de} } @article{Scheffler2010, author = {Scheffler, Ingo}, title = {Ektoparasiten der Flederm{\"a}use in Winterquartieren in Brandenburg}, year = {2010}, abstract = {Bei der Untersuchung von Ektoparasiten in verschiedenen Winterqartieren von Flederm{\"a}usen im Nordosten Brandenburgs wurde das Artenspektrum an Fl{\"o}hen, Lausfliegen und Milben erfasst. Die h{\"a}ufigsten Parasiten waren die sogenannten "Winterfl{\"o}he", die mit drei Arten (Nycteridopsylla eusarca, N. longiceps und N. pentactena) pr{\"a}sent waren. Bei der Anzahl dieser Fl{\"o}he in den Winterquartieren wurden extreme Unterschiede festgestellt. In einzelnen Quartieren kann es zu einem relativ hohen Besatz an Fl{\"o}hen kommen. Solche Populationszentren k{\"o}nnten f{\"u}r das regionale {\"U}berleben der seltenen Ektoparasitenarten eine große Rolle spielen. In diesen Quartieren werden neben den Hauptwirten auch andere {\"u}berwinternde Fledermausarten als Blutspender genutzt. An den Wasserflederm{\"a}usen gab es regelm{\"a}ßig Funde der Fledermausfliege Nycteribia kolenatii. Im Gegensatz zu den Fl{\"o}hen und dieser Fledermausfliegenart traten die meisten anderen Parasiten nur sporadisch auf. Bei der Untersuchung wurden drei f{\"u}r Brandenburg neue Ektoparasitenarten festgestellt. Es handelt sich dabei um eine Fledermausfliege: Basilia nana sowie um zwei kleine Milbenarten der Familie Macronyssidae: Macronyssus cyclaspis und Macronyssus ellipticus.}, language = {de} } @article{Scheffler2009, author = {Scheffler, Ingo}, title = {Ektoparasiten der Flederm{\"a}use in Deutschland - neue Erkenntnisse zur Verbreitung, {\"O}kologie und Bedeutung}, year = {2009}, abstract = {Der Artikel liefert eine Zusammenstellung der aktuellen Ektoparasitenfauna der Flederm{\"a}use (Fl{\"o}he, Fledermausfliegen, Wanzen, Zecken und Milben). Die Beziehung zwischen den Flederm{\"a}usen und ihren Ektoparasiten eignet sich in besonderem Maße als Modell {\"o}kologischer und evolution{\"a}rer Prozesse, wie das {\"U}berleben seltener Arten, die K{\"o}volution zwischen Wirten und Parasiten, die {\"U}bertragung von Parasiten, die Wirtswahl und die Verbreitung von Krankheiten. Der gegenw{\"a}rtige Stand der {\"o}kologischen Forschung auf diesen Gebieten wird zusammengefaßt und die Notwendigkeit und die Ziele weiterer Forschung werden angegeben.}, language = {de} } @article{SchefflerDolchAriunboldetal.2012, author = {Scheffler, Ingo and Dolch, Dietrich and Ariunbold, Jargalsaikhan and Stubbe, Michael and Abraham, Andreas and Thiele, Klaus}, title = {Ectoparasites of bats in Mongolia : Part 2 (Ischnopsyllidae, Nycteribiidae, Cimicidae and Acari)}, issn = {0440-1298}, year = {2012}, abstract = {This study analyses ectoparasites found on Mongolian bats between 2008 and 2011. We examined 12 different bat species, with a total of 23 ectoparasite species present. Apart from reporting distributions, we also discuss specific host-parasite relationships. Owing to recent taxonomic changes splitting the Myotis mystacinus-group into several new taxa, their corresponding ectoparasite fauna could also be addressed in detail. Introducing ectoparasitic insects at length elsewhere (SCHEFFLER et al., 2010), this paper focuses on the analysis of parasitic Acari. Additional findings for Spinturnicidae (wing mites) and Macronyssidae broadened the spectrum of known parasites. Altogether, the knowledge of bat ectoparasites from Mongolia remains very sketchy. Based on different examples, we discuss current taxonomic problems regarding the species status of parasites, and suggest avenues for future research.}, language = {en} } @article{Scheffler2010, author = {Scheffler, Ingo}, title = {Der Fledermausfloh Ischnopsyllus variabilis (Wagner, 1898), ein Modellorganismus f{\"u}r die {\"u}berlebensstrategie seltener Insektenarten}, year = {2010}, abstract = {Ischnopsyllus variabilis (WAGNER, 1898), a model of survival strategy of rare insects? The present paper reports a collection of Ischnopsyllus variabilis in the Schorfheide, a region in the north of Brandenburg (Germany). This bat flea is very rare and the specimens are seldom encountered. The collection of 5 males and 21 females of I. variabilis from summer roosts of the Nathusius`pipistrelle (Pipistrellus nathusii) is a remarkable documentation, since it represents the largest known population of the flea in Europe. Moreover, the data reported here emphasizes for the first time that the Nathusius` pipistrelle is the main host of I. variabilis. The development of the larvae take place in maternity colonies of this bat species. The occurrence of a local concentration of rare specimens may be a vital necessity for the long range survival. Hence, I. variabilis may represent an appropriate model for the understanding of ecology of rare insects, since a local population could be the origin for a scattered distribution over larger areas. The spread of the flea is promoted by the expansive seasonal migrations of the Nathusius`pipistrelle. The exact mechanisms and parameters underlying such an accumulation of specimens in a special maternity colony are still unknown and require further investigations.}, language = {de} } @article{Scheffler2009, author = {Scheffler, Ingo}, title = {Ektoparasitische Insekten in Schwalbennestern in der Umgebung von Potsdam}, year = {2009}, abstract = {Die in der Umgebung von potsdam untersuchten Nester der Mehlschwalbe (Delichon urbica) enthielten drei spezifische Ektoparasitenarten in unterschiedlicher Dichte. Pro nest fanden sich von der Mehlschwalbenlausfliege (Stenepteryx hirundinis) 0-12 Eier, von der Mehlschwalbenwanze (Oeciacus hirundinis)195-1104 Larven und Imagines und vom Mehlschwalbenfloh (Ceratophyllus hirundinis)9-135 Imagines. Zwischen 1. Oktober und dem 9.-16. mai des folgenden Jahres gab es im Durchschnitt nur einen geringfuegigen Rueckgang der Anzahl der Wanzen, waehrend die Abundanz adulter Floehe deutlich zunahm. Die Parasitendichte schwankte zwischen verschiedenen Fundorten und selbst innerhalb einer Nestreihe erheblich. In den am staerksten mit Parasiten belasteten Nestern ist eine erfolgreiche Aufzucht der Jungtiere durch die Mehlschwalben unwahrscheinlich. Die Hoehe der Parasitenlast koennte die Wahl der Schwalbenzwischen der Nutzung vorjaehriger Nester oder dem Ausbau aelterer nester wesentlich beeinflussen.}, language = {de} }