@article{SteinFriedrichNewman2005, author = {Stein, S. and Friedrich, A. M. and Newman, A.}, title = {Dependence of possible characteristic earthquakes on spatial sampling: Illustration for the Wasatch seismic zone, Utah}, issn = {0895-0695}, year = {2005}, language = {en} } @article{BennettFriedrichFurlong2004, author = {Bennett, Richard A. and Friedrich, A. M. and Furlong, K. P.}, title = {Codependent histories of the San Andreas and San Jacinto fault zones from inversion of fault displacement rates}, issn = {0091-7613}, year = {2004}, abstract = {The displacement histories of the San Jacinto and southernmost San Andreas fault zones are constrained by offset data with ages in the range of 5 Ma to 5 ka. Apparent discrepancies between long- and short-term average displacement rates can be reconciled with a time-variable rate model. In this model, the displacement rate on the San Andreas decelerated from similar to35 mm/yr at 1.5 Ma to as low as 9 +/- 4 mm/yr by 90 ka. Over this same time period, the rate on the San Jacinto fault zone accelerated from an initial value of zero to a rate of 26 +/- 4 mm/yr. The data also imply that the rate of the San Andreas fault accelerated since ca. 90 ka, from similar to9 mm/yr to the modern rate of 27 +/- 4 mm/yr, whereas the San Jacinto decelerated from 26 +/- 4 mm/yr to the modern rate of 8 +/- 4 mm/yr. The time scale of these changes is significantly longer than the earthquake cycle, but shorter than time scales characteristic of lithospheric-scalle dynamics. The emergence of the San Jacinto fault zone ca. 1.5 Ma coincided with the development of a major restraining bend in the San Andreas fault zone, suggesting that the formation of new subparallell faults could be driven by conditions that inhibit displacement on preexisting faults}, language = {en} } @article{KuhnlaReinthalerBrauneetal.2019, author = {Kuhnla, A. and Reinthaler, Markus and Braune, Steffen and Maier, A. and Pindur, Gerhard and Lendlein, Andreas and Jung, Friedrich}, title = {Spontaneous and induced platelet aggregation in apparently healthy subjects in relation to age}, series = {Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation : blood flow and vessels}, volume = {71}, journal = {Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation : blood flow and vessels}, number = {4}, publisher = {IOS Press}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1386-0291}, doi = {10.3233/CH-199006}, pages = {425 -- 435}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Thrombotic disorders remain the leading cause of mortality and morbidity, despite the fact that anti-platelet therapies and vascular implants are successfully used today. As life expectancy is increasing in western societies, the specific knowledge about processes leading to thrombosis in elderly is essential for an adequate therapeutic management of platelet dysfunction and for tailoring blood contacting implants. This study addresses the limited available data on platelet function in apparently healthy subjects in relation to age, particularly in view of subjects of old age (80-98 years). Apparently healthy subjects between 20 and 98 years were included in this study. Platelet function was assessed by light transmission aggregometry and comprised experiments on spontaneous as well as ristocetin-, ADP- and collagen-induced platelet aggregation. The data of this study revealed a non-linear increase in the maximum spontaneous platelet aggregation (from 3.3\% +/- 3.3\% to 10.9\% +/- 5.9\%). The maximum induced aggregation decreased with age for ristocetin (from 85.8\% +/- 7.2\% to 75.0\% +/- 7.8\%), ADP (from 88.5\% +/- 4.6\% to 64.8\% +/- 7.3\%) and collagen (from 89.5\% +/- 3.0\% to 64.0\% +/- 4.0\%) in a non-linear manner (linear regression analysis). These observations indicate that during aging, circulating platelets become increasingly activated but lose their full aggregatory potential, a phenomenon that was earlier termed "platelet exhaustion". In this study we extended the limited existing data for spontaneous and induced platelet aggregation of apparently healthy donors above the age of 75 years. The presented data indicate that the extrapolation of data from a middle age group does not necessarily predict platelet function in apparently healthy subjects of old age. It emphasizes the need for respective studies to improve our understanding of thrombotic processes in elderly humans.}, language = {en} } @article{SangoroIacobAgapovetal.2014, author = {Sangoro, Joshia R. and Iacob, C. and Agapov, A. L. and Wang, Yangyang and Berdzinski, Stefan and Rexhausen, Hans and Strehmel, Veronika and Friedrich, C. and Sokolov, A. P. and Kremer, F.}, title = {Decoupling of ionic conductivity from structural dynamics in polymerized ionic liquids}, series = {Soft matter}, volume = {10}, journal = {Soft matter}, number = {20}, publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {1744-683X}, doi = {10.1039/c3sm53202j}, pages = {3536 -- 3540}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Charge transport and structural dynamics in low molecular weight and polymerized 1-vinyl-3-pentylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide ionic liquids (ILs) are investigated by a combination of broadband dielectric spectroscopy, dynamic mechanical spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. While the dc conductivity and fluidity exhibit practically identical temperature dependence for the non-polymerized IL, a significant decoupling of ionic conduction from structural dynamics is observed for the polymerized IL. In addition, the dc conductivity of the polymerized IL exceeds that of its molecular counterpart by four orders of magnitude at their respective calorimetric glass transition temperatures. This is attributed to the unusually high mobility of the anions especially at lower temperatures when the structural dynamics is significantly slowed down. A simple physical explanation of the possible origin of the remarkable decoupling of ionic conductivity from structural dynamics is proposed.}, language = {en} } @article{RienksWimmerSanchezBarrigaetal.2019, author = {Rienks, Emile D. L. and Wimmer, S. and Sanchez-Barriga, Jaime and Caha, O. and Mandal, Partha Sarathi and Ruzicka, J. and Ney, A. and Steiner, H. and Volobuev, V. V. and Groiss, H. and Albu, M. and Kothleitner, G. and Michalicka, J. and Khan, S. A. and Minar, J. and Ebert, H. and Bauer, G. and Freyse, Friedrich and Varykhalov, Andrei and Rader, Oliver and Springholz, Gunther}, title = {Large magnetic gap at the Dirac point in Bi2Te3/MnBi2Te4 heterostructures}, series = {Nature : the international weekly journal of science}, volume = {576}, journal = {Nature : the international weekly journal of science}, number = {7787}, publisher = {Nature Publ. Group}, address = {London}, issn = {0028-0836}, doi = {10.1038/s41586-019-1826-7}, pages = {423 -- 428}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Magnetically doped topological insulators enable the quantum anomalous Hall effect (QAHE), which provides quantized edge states for lossless charge-transport applications(1-8). The edge states are hosted by a magnetic energy gap at the Dirac point(2), but hitherto all attempts to observe this gap directly have been unsuccessful. Observing the gap is considered to be essential to overcoming the limitations of the QAHE, which so far occurs only at temperatures that are one to two orders of magnitude below the ferromagnetic Curie temperature, T-C (ref. (8)). Here we use low-temperature photoelectron spectroscopy to unambiguously reveal the magnetic gap of Mn-doped Bi2Te3, which displays ferromagnetic out-of-plane spin texture and opens up only below T-C. Surprisingly, our analysis reveals large gap sizes at 1 kelvin of up to 90 millielectronvolts, which is five times larger than theoretically predicted(9). Using multiscale analysis we show that this enhancement is due to a remarkable structure modification induced by Mn doping: instead of a disordered impurity system, a self-organized alternating sequence of MnBi2Te4 septuple and Bi2Te3 quintuple layers is formed. This enhances the wavefunction overlap and size of the magnetic gap(10). Mn-doped Bi2Se3 (ref. (11)) and Mn-doped Sb2Te3 form similar heterostructures, but for Bi2Se3 only a nonmagnetic gap is formed and the magnetization is in the surface plane. This is explained by the smaller spin-orbit interaction by comparison with Mn-doped Bi2Te3. Our findings provide insights that will be crucial in pushing lossless transport in topological insulators towards room-temperature applications.}, language = {en} } @book{ZhangPlauthEberhardtetal.2020, author = {Zhang, Shuhao and Plauth, Max and Eberhardt, Felix and Polze, Andreas and Lehmann, Jens and Sejdiu, Gezim and Jabeen, Hajira and Servadei, Lorenzo and M{\"o}stl, Christian and B{\"a}r, Florian and Netzeband, Andr{\´e} and Schmidt, Rainer and Knigge, Marlene and Hecht, Sonja and Prifti, Loina and Krcmar, Helmut and Sapegin, Andrey and Jaeger, David and Cheng, Feng and Meinel, Christoph and Friedrich, Tobias and Rothenberger, Ralf and Sutton, Andrew M. and Sidorova, Julia A. and Lundberg, Lars and Rosander, Oliver and Sk{\"o}ld, Lars and Di Varano, Igor and van der Walt, Est{\´e}e and Eloff, Jan H. P. and Fabian, Benjamin and Baumann, Annika and Ermakova, Tatiana and Kelkel, Stefan and Choudhary, Yash and Cooray, Thilini and Rodr{\´i}guez, Jorge and Medina-P{\´e}rez, Miguel Angel and Trejo, Luis A. and Barrera-Animas, Ari Yair and Monroy-Borja, Ra{\´u}l and L{\´o}pez-Cuevas, Armando and Ram{\´i}rez-M{\´a}rquez, Jos{\´e} Emmanuel and Grohmann, Maria and Niederleithinger, Ernst and Podapati, Sasidhar and Schmidt, Christopher and Huegle, Johannes and de Oliveira, Roberto C. L. and Soares, F{\´a}bio Mendes and van Hoorn, Andr{\´e} and Neumer, Tamas and Willnecker, Felix and Wilhelm, Mathias and Kuster, Bernhard}, title = {HPI Future SOC Lab - Proceedings 2017}, number = {130}, editor = {Meinel, Christoph and Polze, Andreas and Beins, Karsten and Strotmann, Rolf and Seibold, Ulrich and R{\"o}dszus, Kurt and M{\"u}ller, J{\"u}rgen}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-475-3}, issn = {1613-5652}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-43310}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-433100}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {ix, 235}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The "HPI Future SOC Lab" is a cooperation of the Hasso Plattner Institute (HPI) and industry partners. Its mission is to enable and promote exchange and interaction between the research community and the industry partners. The HPI Future SOC Lab provides researchers with free of charge access to a complete infrastructure of state of the art hard and software. This infrastructure includes components, which might be too expensive for an ordinary research environment, such as servers with up to 64 cores and 2 TB main memory. The offerings address researchers particularly from but not limited to the areas of computer science and business information systems. Main areas of research include cloud computing, parallelization, and In-Memory technologies. This technical report presents results of research projects executed in 2017. Selected projects have presented their results on April 25th and November 15th 2017 at the Future SOC Lab Day events.}, language = {en} } @article{FriedrichLeeWernickeetal.2004, author = {Friedrich, A. M. and Lee, J. and Wernicke, B. P. and Sieh, K.}, title = {Geologic context of geodetic data across a Basin and Range normal fault, Crescent Valley, Nevada}, issn = {0278-7407}, year = {2004}, abstract = {[1] Geodetic strain and late Quaternary faulting in the Basin and Range province is distributed over a region much wider than historic seismicity, which is localized near the margins of the province. In the relatively aseismic interior, both the magnitude and direction of geodetic strain may be inconsistent with the Holocene faulting record. We document the best example of such a disagreement across the NE striking, similar to55degrees NW dipping Crescent normal fault, where a NW oriented, 70 km geodetic baseline records contemporary shortening of similar to2 mm/yr orthogonal to the fault trace. In contrast, our geomorphic, paleoseismic, and geochronologic analyses of the Crescent fault suggest that a large extensional rupture occurred during the late Holocene epoch. An excavation across the fault at Fourmile Canyon reveals that the most recent event occurred at 2.8 +/- 0.1 ka, with net vertical tectonic displacement of 4.6 +/- 0.4 m at this location, corresponding to the release of similar to3 m of accumulated NW-SE extension. Measured alluvial scarp profiles suggest a minimum rupture length of 30 km along the range front for the event, implying a moment magnitude M-w of at least 6.6. No prior event occurred between similar to2.8 ka and similar to6.4 +/- 0.1 ka, the C-14 calender age of strata near the base of the exposed section. Assuming typical slip rates for Basin and Range faults (similar to0.3 mm/yr), these results imply that up to one third, or similar to1 m, of the extensional strain released in the previous earthquake could have reaccumulated across the fault since similar to2.8 ka. However, the contemporary shortening implies that the fault is unloading due to a transient process, whose duration is limited to between 6 years ( geodetic recording time) and 2.8 ka ( the age of the most recent event). These results emphasize the importance of providing accurate geologic data on the timescale of the earthquake cycle in order to evaluate geodetic measurements}, language = {en} } @article{WuHanRodriguezSillkeetal.2019, author = {Wu, Hao and Han, Yijie and Rodriguez Sillke, Yasmina and Deng, Hongzhang and Siddiqui, Sophiya and Treese, Christoph and Schmidt, Franziska and Friedrich, Marie and Keye, Jacqueline and Wan, Jiajia and Qin, Yue and K{\"u}hl, Anja A. and Qin, Zhihai and Siegmund, Britta and Glauben, Rainer}, title = {Lipid droplet-dependent fatty acid metabolism controls the immune suppressive phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages}, series = {EMBO molecular medicine}, volume = {11}, journal = {EMBO molecular medicine}, number = {11}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {1757-4676}, doi = {10.15252/emmm.201910698}, pages = {17}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) promote tumor growth and metastasis by suppressing tumor immune surveillance. Herein, we provide evidence that the immunosuppressive phenotype of TAMs is controlled by long-chain fatty acid metabolism, specifically unsaturated fatty acids, here exemplified by oleate. Consequently, en-route enriched lipid droplets were identified as essential organelles, which represent effective targets for chemical inhibitors to block in vitro polarization of TAMs and tumor growth in vivo. In line, analysis of human tumors revealed that myeloid cells infiltrating colon cancer but not gastric cancer tissue indeed accumulate lipid droplets. Mechanistically, our data indicate that oleate-induced polarization of myeloid cells depends on the mammalian target of the rapamycin pathway. Thus, our findings reveal an alternative therapeutic strategy by targeting the pro-tumoral myeloid cells on a metabolic level.}, language = {en} } @misc{BrauneLatourReinthaleretal.2019, author = {Braune, Steffen and Latour, Robert A. and Reinthaler, Markus and Landmesser, Ulf and Lendlein, Andreas and Jung, Friedrich}, title = {In Vitro Thrombogenicity Testing of Biomaterials}, series = {Advanced healthcare materials}, volume = {8}, journal = {Advanced healthcare materials}, number = {21}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {2192-2640}, doi = {10.1002/adhm.201900527}, pages = {17}, year = {2019}, abstract = {The short- and long-term thrombogenicity of implant materials is still unpredictable, which is a significant challenge for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. A knowledge-based approach for implementing biofunctions in materials requires a detailed understanding of the medical device in the biological system. In particular, the interplay between material and blood components/cells as well as standardized and commonly acknowledged in vitro test methods allowing a reproducible categorization of the material thrombogenicity requires further attention. Here, the status of in vitro thrombogenicity testing methods for biomaterials is reviewed, particularly taking in view the preparation of test materials and references, the selection and characterization of donors and blood samples, the prerequisites for reproducible approaches and applied test systems. Recent joint approaches in finding common standards for a reproducible testing are summarized and perspectives for a more disease oriented in vitro thrombogenicity testing are discussed.}, language = {en} } @article{KruegerGengeBrauneWalteretal.2018, author = {Kr{\"u}ger-Genge, A. and Braune, S. and Walter, M. and Krengel, M. and Kratz, K. and K{\"u}pper, J. H. and Lendlein, Andreas and Jung, Friedrich}, title = {Influence of different surface treatments of poly(n-butyl acrylate) networks on fibroblasts adhesion, morphology and viability}, series = {Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation : blood flow and vessels}, volume = {69}, journal = {Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation : blood flow and vessels}, number = {1-2}, publisher = {IOS Press}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1386-0291}, doi = {10.3233/CH-189130}, pages = {305 -- 316}, year = {2018}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: Physical and chemical characteristics of implant materials determine the fate of long-term cardiovascular devices. However, there is still a lack of fundamental understanding of the molecular mechanisms occurring in the material-tissue interphase. In a previous study, soft covalently crosslinked poly(n-butyl acrylate) networks (cPnBA) were introduced as sterilizable, non-toxic and immuno-compatible biomaterials with mechanical properties adjustable to blood vessels. Here we study the influence of different surface treatments in particular oxygen plasma modification and fibrinogen deposition as well as a combinatorial approach on the adhesion and viability of fibroblasts. RESULTS: Compared to non-treated cPnBAs the advancing water-contact angles were found to be reduced after all surface modifications (p<0.05, each), while lowest values were observed after the combined surface treatment (OPT+FIB). The latter differed significantly from the single OPT and FIB. The number of adherent fibroblasts and their adherence behavior differed on both pristine cPnBA networks. The fibroblast density on cPnBA04 was 743 +/- 434 cells. mm(-2), was about 6.5 times higher than on cPnBA73 with 115 +/- 73 cells. mm(-2). On cPnBA04 about 20\% of the cells were visible as very small, round and buckled cells while all other cells were in a migrating status. On cPnBA73, nearly 50\% of fibroblasts were visible as very small, round and buckled cells. The surface functionalization either using oxygen plasma treatment or fibrinogen coating led to a significant increase of adherent fibroblasts, particularly the combination of both techniques, for both cPnBA networks. It is noteworthy to mention that the fibrinogen coating overruled the characteristics of the pristine surfaces; here, the fibroblast densities after seeding were identical for both cPnBAnetworks. Thus, the binding rather depended on the fibrinogen coating than on the substrate characteristics anymore. While the integrity of the fibroblasts membrane was comparable for both polymers, the MTS tests showed a decreased metabolic activity of the fibroblasts on cPnBA. CONCLUSION: The applied surface treatments of cPnBA successfully improved the adhesion of viable fibroblasts. Under resting conditions as well as after shearing the highest fibroblast densities were found on surfaces with combined post-treatment.}, language = {en} } @misc{BlaesiusEubeFeldtkelleretal.2018, author = {Blaesius, Thomas and Eube, Jan and Feldtkeller, Thomas and Friedrich, Tobias and Krejca, Martin Stefan and Lagodzinski, Gregor J. A. and Rothenberger, Ralf and Severin, Julius and Sommer, Fabian and Trautmann, Justin}, title = {Memory-restricted Routing With Tiled Map Data}, series = {2018 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)}, journal = {2018 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-5386-6650-0}, issn = {1062-922X}, doi = {10.1109/SMC.2018.00567}, pages = {3347 -- 3354}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Modern routing algorithms reduce query time by depending heavily on preprocessed data. The recently developed Navigation Data Standard (NDS) enforces a separation between algorithms and map data, rendering preprocessing inapplicable. Furthermore, map data is partitioned into tiles with respect to their geographic coordinates. With the limited memory found in portable devices, the number of tiles loaded becomes the major factor for run time. We study routing under these restrictions and present new algorithms as well as empirical evaluations. Our results show that, on average, the most efficient algorithm presented uses more than 20 times fewer tile loads than a normal A*.}, language = {en} } @misc{RozanskiKremerKoeberleetal.1995, author = {Rozanski, Stanislaw A. and Kremer, Friedrich and K{\"o}berle, Peter and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e}}, title = {Relaxation and charge transport in mixtures of zwitterionic polymers and inorganic salts}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17438}, year = {1995}, abstract = {Dielectric spectroscopy is employed to analyze the molecular dynamics and the charge transport in mixtures of zwitterionic polymers of the type poly{3 [N(-methacryloyloxyalkyl)] N, [N-dimethylammonio propanesulfonate] with sodium iodide in the frequency range of 10²Hz-10(up)7 Hz and in the temperature range of 110 K-400 K. The amount of inorganic salt added varies from 0-200 mol-\% relative to the number of zwitterionic groups present in the polymer, contributing strongly to the conductivity. One relaxation process is observed whose relaxation rate depends strongly on the length of the aliphatic spacer between the polymethacrylate main chain and the zwitterionic group. Exhibiting an Arrhenius-like temperature depence with activation energy EA = 47 KJ/mol, this relaxation process is assigned to fluctuation of the quaternary ammonium groups in the side chains. At higher temperatures, the dielectric properties and the conductivity are primarily dominated by the mobile inorganic ions: conductivity strongly depends on the salt concentration, showing a pronounced electrode polarization effect. The frequency and salt concentration, dependences of the conductivity can be quantitatively described as hopping of charge carriers being subject to spatially randomly varying energy barriers. For the low-frequency regime and for the critical frequency marking the onset of the conductivity's dispersion, the Barton-Nakajima-Namikawa (BNN) relationship is fulfilled.}, language = {en} } @article{CaselFischbeckFriedrichetal.2022, author = {Casel, Katrin and Fischbeck, Philipp and Friedrich, Tobias and G{\"o}bel, Andreas and Lagodzinski, J. A. Gregor}, title = {Zeros and approximations of Holant polynomials on the complex plane}, series = {Computational complexity : CC}, volume = {31}, journal = {Computational complexity : CC}, number = {2}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1016-3328}, doi = {10.1007/s00037-022-00226-5}, pages = {52}, year = {2022}, abstract = {We present fully polynomial time approximation schemes for a broad class of Holant problems with complex edge weights, which we call Holant polynomials. We transform these problems into partition functions of abstract combinatorial structures known as polymers in statistical physics. Our method involves establishing zero-free regions for the partition functions of polymer models and using the most significant terms of the cluster expansion to approximate them. Results of our technique include new approximation and sampling algorithms for a diverse class of Holant polynomials in the low-temperature regime (i.e. small external field) and approximation algorithms for general Holant problems with small signature weights. Additionally, we give randomised approximation and sampling algorithms with faster running times for more restrictive classes. Finally, we improve the known zero-free regions for a perfect matching polynomial.}, language = {en} } @article{FriedrichWigantUngeretal.1995, author = {Friedrich, J{\"o}rg F. and Wigant, L. and Unger, Wolfgang E. S. and Lippitz, A. and Wittrich, H. and Prescher, Dietrich and Erdmann, J. and Gorsler, H.-V. and Nick, L.}, title = {Barrier properties of plasma-modified polypropylene and polyethylen eterephthalate}, year = {1995}, language = {en} } @article{PrescherFriedrichWigantetal.1995, author = {Prescher, Dietrich and Friedrich, J{\"o}rg F. and Wigant, L. and Unger, Wolfgang E. S. and Lippitz, A. and Wittrich, H. and Erdmann, J. and Gorsler, H.-V. and Nick, L.}, title = {Barrier properties of plasma-modified polypropylene and polyethylenether ephthalate}, year = {1995}, language = {en} } @article{NadaVanRensburgClaassensetal.2012, author = {Nada, Wael Mohamed Abdel-Rahman and Van Rensburg, L. and Claassens, Sarina and Blumenstein, Oswald and Friedrich, A.}, title = {Evaluation of organic matter stability in wood compost by chemical and thermogravimetric analysis}, series = {International journal of environmental research}, volume = {6}, journal = {International journal of environmental research}, number = {2}, publisher = {Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Theran}, address = {Tehran}, issn = {1735-6865}, pages = {425 -- 434}, year = {2012}, abstract = {This study investigated maturation and stability levels during composting of Quercus robur (QR) woodchips mixed with different nitrogen sources (horse manure, HM and lake mud, LM) for potential agronomic utilisation. The woodchips were mixed with HM and LM, respectively, at mixing ratios of 1QR:2HM or QR:2LM. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse over 100 days. During composting, organic carbon and its fractioning and humification constituents were quantified. In the final compost product, pH, organic matter (OM), cation exchange capacity (CEC) and selected available nutrients were measured. Thermostability of compost, compared with that of soil and compost mixed with charcoal were also quantified. Results showed OM evolution during the composting process with total organic and extractable carbons and humification indices decreasing, while the degree of humification increased. Compost produced from the 1QR:2HM mix resulted in the highest available nutrients, CEC and OM content values in the final product. Thermogravimetric profiles indicated that compost OM thermostability was higher than that in soil and higher for the 1QR:2HM than the 1QR:2LM mix. Application of charcoal revealed no additional stabilising effect of OM in wood compost.}, language = {en} } @article{EngeliLehmannKaminskietal.2014, author = {Engeli, Stefan and Lehmann, Anne-Christin and Kaminski, Jana and Haas, Verena and Janke, Urgen and Janke, J{\"u}rgen and Zoerner, Alexander A. and Luft, Friedrich C. and Tsikas, Dimitrios and Jordan, Jens}, title = {Influence of dietary fat intake on the endocannabinoid system in lean and obese subjects}, series = {Obesity}, volume = {22}, journal = {Obesity}, number = {5}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {1930-7381}, doi = {10.1002/oby.20728}, pages = {E70 -- E76}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Objective: Endocannabinoid system (ECS) activation promotes obesity-associated metabolic disease. Increased dietary fat intake increases blood endocannabinoids and alters adipose and skeletal muscle ECS gene expression in human. Methods: Two weeks isocaloric low- (LFD) and high-fat diets (HFD) in obese (n = 12) and normal- weight (n = 17) subjects in a randomized cross-over study were compared. Blood endocannabinoids were measured in the fasting condition and after food intake using mass spectrometry. Adipose and skeletal muscle gene expression was determined using real-time RT-PCR. Results: Baseline fasting plasma endocannabinoids were similar with both diets. Anandamide decreased similarly with high- or low-fat test meals in both groups. Baseline arachidonoylglycerol plasma concentrations were similar between groups and diets, and unresponsive to eating. In subcutaneous adipose tissue, DAGL-alpha mRNA was upregulated and fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) mRNAs were down-regulated in obese subjects, but the diets had no influence. In contrast, the HFD produced pronounced reductions in skeletal muscle CB1-R and MAGL mRNA expression, whereas obesity did not affect muscular gene expression. Conclusions: Weight-neutral changes in dietary fat intake cannot explain excessive endocannabinoid availability in human obesity. Obesity and dietary fat intake affect ECS gene expression in a tissue-specific manner.}, language = {en} } @article{ZhuangSchellingStangletal.2000, author = {Zhuang, Y. and Schelling, Christoph and Stangl, Jochen and Penn, C. and Senz, S. and Sch{\"a}ffler, Friedrich and Roche, T. and Daniel, A. and Grenzer, J{\"o}rg and Pietsch, Ullrich and Bauer, G{\"u}nther}, title = {Structural and optical properties of Si/Si{1-x}Ge{x} wires}, year = {2000}, language = {en} } @article{DebatinBehrensWeberetal.2012, author = {Debatin, Franziska and Behrens, Karsten and Weber, Jens and Baburin, Igor A. and Thomas, Arne and Schmidt, Johannes and Senkovska, Irena and Kaskel, Stefan and Kelling, Alexandra and Hedin, Niklas and Bacsik, Zoltan and Leoni, Stefano and Seifert, Gotthard and J{\"a}ger, Christian and G{\"u}nter, Christina and Schilde, Uwe and Friedrich, Alwin and Holdt, Hans-J{\"u}rgen}, title = {An isoreticular family of microporous metal-organic frameworks based on zinc and 2-substituted imidazolate-4-amide-5-imidate Syntheses, structures and properties}, series = {Chemistry - a European journal}, volume = {18}, journal = {Chemistry - a European journal}, number = {37}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {0947-6539}, doi = {10.1002/chem.201200889}, pages = {11630 -- 11640}, year = {2012}, abstract = {We report on a new series of isoreticular frameworks based on zinc and 2-substituted imidazolate-4-amide-5-imidate (IFP-14, IFP=imidazolate framework Potsdam) that form one-dimensional, microporous hexagonal channels. Varying R in the 2-substitued linker (R=Me (IFP-1), Cl (IFP-2), Br (IFP-3), Et (IFP-4)) allowed the channel diameter (4.01.7 angstrom), the polarisability and functionality of the channel walls to be tuned. Frameworks IFP-2, IFP-3 and IFP-4 are isostructural to previously reported IFP-1. The structures of IFP-2 and IFP-3 were solved by X-ray crystallographic analyses. The structure of IFP-4 was determined by a combination of PXRD and structure modelling and was confirmed by IR spectroscopy and 1H MAS and 13C CP-MAS NMR spectroscopy. All IFPs showed high thermal stability (345400?degrees C); IFP-1 and IFP-4 were stable in boiling water for 7 d. A detailed porosity analysis was performed on the basis of adsorption measurements by using various gases. The potential of the materials to undergo specific interactions with CO2 was investigated by measuring the isosteric heats of adsorption. The capacity to adsorb CH4 (at 298 K), CO2 (at 298 K) and H2 (at 77 K) at high pressure were also investigated. In situ IR spectroscopy showed that CO2 is physisorbed on IFP-14 under dry conditions and that both CO2 and H2O are physisorbed on IFP-1 under moist conditions.}, language = {en} } @article{KueblerStreichLuecketal.2017, author = {K{\"u}bler, Simon and Streich, R. and L{\"u}ck, Erika and Hoffmann, M. and Friedrich, A. M. and Strecker, Manfred}, title = {Active faulting in a populated low-strain setting (Lower Rhine Graben, Central Europe) identified by geomorphic, geophysical and geological analysis}, series = {Seismicity, fault rupture and earthquake hazards in slowly deforming regions}, volume = {432}, journal = {Seismicity, fault rupture and earthquake hazards in slowly deforming regions}, publisher = {The Geological Society}, address = {London}, isbn = {978-1-86239-745-3}, issn = {0305-8719}, doi = {10.1144/SP432.11}, pages = {127 -- 146}, year = {2017}, abstract = {The Lower Rhine Graben (Central Europe) is a prime example of a seismically active low-strain rift zone characterized by pronounced anthropogenic and climatic overprint of structures, and long recurrence intervals of large earthquakes. These factors render the identification of active faults and surface ruptures difficult. We investigated two fault scarps in the Lower Rhine Graben, to decipher their structural character, offset and potential seismogenic origin. Both scarps were modified by anthropogenic activity. The Hemmerich site lies c. 20 km SW of Cologne, along the Erft Fault. The Untermaubach site lies SW of Duren, where the Schafberg Fault projects into the Rur River valley. At the Hemmerich site, geomorphic and geophysical data, as well as exploratory coring reveal evidence of repeated normal faulting. Geophysical analysis and palaeoseismological excavation at the Untermaubach site reveal a complex fault zone in Holocene gravels characterized by subtle gravel deformation. Differentiation of tectonic and fluvial features was only possible with trenching, because fault structures and grain sizes of the sediments were below the resolution of the geophysical data. Despite these issues, our investigation demonstrates that valuable insight into past earthquakes and seismogenic deformation in a low-strain environment can be revealed using a multidisciplinary approach.}, language = {en} }