@book{Petersen1995, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {Pros and cons of a negative income tax}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-8476}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {1995}, abstract = {Contents: Conceptual Framework Theory and Impacts of NIT German Social Security - System or Jungle? The NIT as Last Resort - Pros and Cons Acceptance and Feasibility - Some Public Choice Remarks}, language = {en} } @book{Petersen1995, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {Transformation process after five years: behavioral adaptation and institutional change : the polish case}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-16084}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {1995}, abstract = {Contents: - Monetary Stabilization and Budgetary Reforms - Restructuring the Tax System - Privatization - The Open Gap: Transfers - Social Reform: Acceptance and Feasibility - Some Public Choice Remarks}, language = {en} } @book{BorkMuellerPetersenetal.1995, author = {Bork, Christhart and M{\"u}ller, Klaus and Petersen, Hans-Georg and Wirths, Stefan}, title = {Wider den Sachzeitwert : Untersuchung zur Frage des angemessenen {\"U}bernahmepreises von Elektrizit{\"a}tsversorgungsnetzen}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-16097}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {1995}, abstract = {Aus der Einleitung: Die derzeitige Situation in der Elektrizit{\"a}tswirtschaft ist gekennzeichnet durch eine große Zahl anstehender Netz{\"u}bernahmen infolge auslaufender Konzessionsvertr{\"a}ge oder Arrondierungsmaßnahmen und einer Reihe dabei anh{\"a}ngiger Rechtsstreite, in denen insbesondere der "angemessene" {\"U}bernahmepreis strittig ist. Die in der Vergangenheit get{\"a}tigten Netz{\"u}bernahmen liefern zu der Frage nach dem "angemessenen" bzw. "rechtlich richtigen" {\"U}bernahmepreis keine Antwort, da die letztendlich gezahlten Preise i.d.R. das Ergebnis eines Verhandlungsprozesses waren und die damit verbundenen rechtlichen Streitfragen weiterhin offen sind. Die vorliegende Untersuchung greift die Frage nach dem "angemessenen" {\"U}bernahmepreis auf und versucht, eine aus {\"o}konomischen Argumenten abgeleitete sowie mit den rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen zu vereinbarende Antwort zu liefern.}, language = {de} } @book{Petersen1995, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {Economic aspects of agricultural areas mangement and land/water ecotones conservation}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-15862}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {1995}, abstract = {Part of the intorduction: The task of writing a reliable and convincing paper on this topic is a very uneasy one because it is threefold: one has to know at least a bit about the agricultural sector, biology (or more precisely ecology), and about the sometimes beneficial but often distorting consequences of human activities. And all that has to be judged from the perspective of an economist who is aware of the steadily increasing uncertainties which are closely connected with post-modem sciences. Especially with regard to global, but also regional environmental issues, neither the conventional applied sciences nor the traditional professional consultancy deliver promising results. Today scientists have to tackle problems which are created by political necessities overwhelmingly caused by short-term human behavior, due in part to a serious lack of information on the longterm behavioral consequences. In these issues, typically, information stacks are high, scientific facts uncertain, individual as well as collective values disputed, and political decisions very urgent. "In general, the post-normal situation is one where the traditional opposition of 'hard'facts and 'soft' values is inverted. Here we find decisions that are 'hard' in every sense, for which the scientific inputs are irremediably 'soft'" (FUNTOWICZ/RAVETZ, 1991, p. 138).}, language = {en} } @article{PetersenKlauevonZezschwitzetal.1995, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg and Klaue, Siegfried and von Zezschwitz, Friedrich and Traub, Fritz}, title = {Gutachten zur Beurteilung von Endschaftsklauseln in Stromkonzessionsvertr{\"a}gen}, publisher = {Hessische Ministerium f{\"u}r Umwelt, Energie und Bundesangelegenheiten}, address = {Gie\ßen}, pages = {385 S.}, year = {1995}, language = {de} } @article{Petersen1995, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {Introduction}, year = {1995}, language = {en} } @article{Petersen1995, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {{\"O}konomische Theorie der Politik : ihr Beitrag zur {\"U}berwindung der Krise der Demokratie}, year = {1995}, language = {de} } @article{PetersenSowada1995, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg and Sowada, Christoph}, title = {The polish success in monetary stabilization}, year = {1995}, language = {en} } @article{PetersenSowada1995, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg and Sowada, Christoph}, title = {The process of monetary stabilization}, year = {1995}, language = {en} } @article{PetersenMueller1995, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg and M{\"u}ller, Klaus}, title = {Towards a reformulation of the role of the tax and social state in the polish transformation process}, year = {1995}, language = {en} } @article{Petersen1995, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {Einheitswerte : Politik fehlt der Mut zu grundlegenden Reformen (Interview)}, year = {1995}, language = {de} } @book{Petersen1996, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {Effizienz, Gerechtigkeit und der Standort Deutschland}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-16138}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {1996}, abstract = {Aus der Einleitung: Die Debatte um den Standort Deutschland geh{\"o}rt sicherlich zu den allt{\"a}glichen Problemkreisen, die den Medien reichlich Diskussionsstoff liefern. Die internationale Wettbewerbsf{\"a}higkeit des vereinigten Deutschlands in einer offeneren Welt mit intensivierten Faktormobilit{\"a}ten wird wesentlich durch die Steuer- und Sozialsysteme determiniert, die verst{\"a}rktem {\"a}ußeren Konkurrenzdruck ausgesetzt sind. Die Wanderung von Kapital und Arbeitskr{\"a}ften f{\"u}hrt zu Anpassungszw{\"a}ngen vor allem in den L{\"a}ndern, deren Steuer- und Sozialsysteme diesen neuen Verh{\"a}ltnissen noch nicht angepaßt worden sind. Der Fall des Eisernen Vorhangs hat den globalen Kapitalbedarf wesentlich erh{\"o}ht, und zugleich er{\"o}ffnen Wachstumserfolge in S{\"u}dostasien neue, vor allem infolge moderater Lohnkosten attraktive Anlagem{\"o}glichkeiten. So stehen insbesondere die wenig qualifizierten Arbeitskr{\"a}fte in Deutschland im unmittelbaren Wettbewerb mit den Arbeitskr{\"a}ften in den Niedriglohnl{\"a}ndern; weil die institutionellen Regelungen in Deutschland notwendige Anpassungsprozesse verhindern, werden - unter anderem auch durch die Abwanderung von Kapital - verst{\"a}rkt Arbeitskr{\"a}fte freigesetzt, die zunehmend geringere Chancen haben, in absehbarer Zeit wieder in den Arbeitsmarkt integriert werden zu k{\"o}nnen.}, language = {de} } @book{MuellerNagelPetersen1996, author = {M{\"u}ller, Klaus and Nagel, Thomas and Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {{\"O}kosteuerreform und Senkung der direkten Abgaben : zu einer Neugestaltung des deutschen Steuer- und Transfersystems}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-16116}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {1996}, abstract = {Aus der Einleitung: Angesichts der erkannten Defizite des deutschen Steuer- und Transfersystems r{\"u}cken Forderungen nach einer grundlegenden Umgestaltung in j{\"u}ngster Vergangenheit verst{\"a}rkt in das Zentrum der {\"o}ffentlichen Diskussion. So werden einerseits infolge der zahlreichen verfassungsgerichtlichen {\"A}nderungsvorgaben neben der bereits in Angriff genommenen einkommensteuerlichen Freistellung des Existenzminimums auch vielf{\"a}ltige Anpassungen in Verm{\"o}gen-, Erbschaft- und Grundsteuern notwendig. Gleichzeitig erscheinen Maßnahmen zur Verbesserung der Anreizstruktur erforderlich, die wiederum erhebliche R{\"u}ckwirkungen auf die zuk{\"u}nftige Struktur des Einkommensteuertarifs (insbesondere dessen Grenzsteuersatzverlauf) haben d{\"u}rften. Andererseits forciert die Vielzahl der festzustellenden Umweltprobleme die Forderung nach einer instrumentalen Neuorientierung mit verst{\"a}rkter Betonung des Einsatzes von Lenkungsabgaben. Zur Verwendung der aus umweltorientierten Abgaben resultierenden Einnahmen wird vorgeschlagen, diese in gleicher H{\"o}he in Form kompensierender Senkungen der Einkommensteuer an die Steuerpflichtigen weiterzugeben, so daß eine Erh{\"o}hung der volkswirtschaftlichen Steuerquote ausgeschlossen wird. Diese Umstrukturierung des Steuersystems weg von direkten und hin zu indirekten Steuern ließe sich zugleich verbinden mit einer allgemeinen Sicherung eines Grundeinkommens in der Form, daß die existierende Sozialhilfe durch eine "Negative Einkommensteuer" ersetzt w{\"u}rde. Diese Fundamentalreform des Steuerund Transfersystems k{\"o}nnte nicht nur zu einer wesentlichen Verbesserung {\"o}konomischer Anreizwirkungen beitragen, sondern zugleich {\"u}ber die ausgel{\"o}sten Lenkungswirkungen zu einer modernen, {\"o}kologieorientierten Wirtschaftsstruktur f{\"u}hren. Als Kompensationsmaßnahmen sind auch nachhaltige Verringerungen der Lohnnebenkosten denkbar, die die Standortbedingungen f{\"u}r die Unternehmen in Deutschland deutlich verbessern k{\"o}nnten.}, language = {de} } @article{Petersen1996, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {Flucht vor dem Finanzamt}, year = {1996}, language = {de} } @book{BorkPetersen1997, author = {Bork, Christhart and Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {Ein Vergleich m{\"o}glicher Datens{\"a}tze zur Eignung f{\"u}r steuerpolitische Simulationsrechnungen}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-8572}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {1997}, abstract = {Inhalt: Volkswirtschaftliche Gesamtrechnung Lohn- und Einkommensteuerstatistik Einkommens- und Transferschichtung des Deutschen Instituts f{\"u}r Wirtschaftsforschung Sozio-{\"o}konomisches Panel (SOEP) Einkommens- und Verbrauchsstichprobe (EVS) Mikrodatensatz des Instituts f{\"u}r Angewandte Wirtschaftsforschung Allgemeine Bev{\"o}lkerungsumfrage der Sozialwissenschaften (ALLBUS) International Social Survey Programme (ISSP)}, language = {de} } @book{Petersen1997, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {Das Neuseeland-Experiment : Ist das die zuk{\"u}nftige Entwicklung des deutschen Sozialstaats?}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-8519}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {1997}, abstract = {Manuskript zweier Vortr{\"a}ge gehalten anl{\"a}ßlich der Tagung "Wirtschaft im Wandel - Sozialstaat im Umbruch" am Zentrum f{\"u}r Arbeit und Soziales (ZENTRAS) der Universit{\"a}t Trier 24. Februar 1997, Schloß Quint und vor der Enquete-Kommission "Demographischer Wandel" des Deutschen Bundestages 26. Februar 1997, Bonn Inhalt: Reformsequenzen und -komponenten -{\"O}ffentlicher Sektor -Steuersystem -Arbeitsmarkt -Soziale Sicherung -Bildungswesen Grundlegende Ideen, Durchsetzbarkeit und Akzeptanz Weitere Reformperspektiven Neuseeland - ein Beispiel f{\"u}r Deutschland?}, language = {de} } @book{PetersenBork1997, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg and Bork, Christhart}, title = {Schriftliche Stellungnahme zum Entwurf eines Steuerreformgesetzes (StRG) 1999 der Fraktionen der CDU/CSU und F.D.P. und den Steuerreformvorschl{\"a}gen der SPD, von B{\"u}ndnis 90/Die Gr{\"u}nen und der PDS}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-8534}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {1997}, abstract = {Inhalt:Die Vorlage enth{\"a}lt zwei Werke: Hans-Georg Petersen: Schriftliche Stellungnahme zum Entwurf eines Steuerreformgesetzes (StRG) 1999 der Fraktionen der CDU/CSU und F.D.P. (Deutscher Bundestag, Drucksache 13/7480) -Anmerkungen zur Senkung des Einkommensteuertarifs -Anmerkungen zur Verbreiterung der Bemessungsgrundlage und Vereinfachung -Anmerkungen zu den Einzelregelungen des StRG (beschr{\"a}nkt auf wichtige Teilregelungen) Hans-Georg Petersen \& Christhart Bork: Gemeinsame Stellungnahme zu dem Steuerreformvorschlag der SPD, dem Antrag von B{\"u}ndnis 90/Die Gr{\"u}nen (BtDr. 13/7895) und dem Beschluß der Bundestagsgruppe der PDS sowie zum Gesetzentwurf der CDU/CSU und F.D.P. zur Fortsetzung der wirtschaftlichen F{\"o}rderung in den neuen L{\"a}ndern (BtDr. 13/7792)}, language = {de} } @article{Petersen1997, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {Das Neuseeland-Experiment : ist das die zuk{\"u}nftige Entwicklung des deutschen Sozialstaats?}, year = {1997}, language = {de} } @article{Petersen1997, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {International reforms of health care systems : quasi markets, privatization, and managed care}, year = {1997}, language = {en} } @article{Petersen1997, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {Pros and cons of a negative income tax}, year = {1997}, language = {en} } @article{Petersen1997, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {Weniger staatliche Interventionen : Lehrstuhlportr{\"a}t}, year = {1997}, language = {de} } @book{PetersenSowada1998, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg and Sowada, Christoph}, title = {On the integration of industrial and social policy in the transition process}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-48777}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {1998}, abstract = {Industrial policy measures can be a reasonable supplement to economic and social policy actions during the period of transformation of centrally planned economies. This paper shows the interplay between industrial and social policy. Special attention is given to the timing and sequencing of the transformation process. This approach is closely modeled on the example of New Zealand.}, language = {en} } @article{PetersenMuellerNagel1998, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg and M{\"u}ller, Klaus and Nagel, Thomas}, title = {Mineral{\"o}lsteuererh{\"o}hung und kompensatorische Einkommensteuersenkung. Simulation der Verteilungseffekte in einem mikro{\"o}konomischen Gruppensimulationsmodell}, issn = {0023-3498}, year = {1998}, language = {de} } @article{Petersen1998, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {Transformation process after five years on: behavioural adaption and institutional change in poland}, year = {1998}, language = {en} } @article{Petersen1998, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {Steuerreform: Erfordernisse, Spielr{\"a}ume, Wirkungen : Beitrag zur Fachkonferenz " Agenda der n{\"a}chsten vier Jahre "}, year = {1998}, language = {de} } @article{Petersen1998, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {Redistribution and the Efficiency - Justice Trade-off}, year = {1998}, language = {en} } @book{PetersenNaydenov1999, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg and Naydenov, Atanas}, title = {The tax and social contribution system in Bulgaria : formal structure and possible impacts}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-48885}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {1999}, abstract = {Like in all countries in transition, the tax as well as the transfer system have been under serious reform pressures. The socialistic systems were not able to fulfill the necessary functions in providing a certain degree of redistribution and social security, which are inevitable for social oriented market economies. Increasing income and wage differentiation is one of the most important prerequisites for a market oriented ability to pay tax system. But in the transformation period, numerous quasi-legal or even illegal property transactions have taken place, thus leading to wealth concentrations on the one hand while as consequence of the bankruptcy of socialism, enormous poverty problems have arisen on the other. For the political acceptance of the transformation process it is of utmost importance that an efficient and fair tax system is implemented and social security is organised by the state on a level which secures at least the physical minimum of subsistence or - if economically possible - even a social-cultural minimum. Whether the state should go further in providing compulsory social insurance systems has been a hotly debated topic for decades even in the welfare and social states of the Western type. Whereas the basic security systems have to be financed by general tax revenue, for a compulsory social insurance system - due to the insurance character - special earmarked social security contribution are held necessary. Both public goods and services as well as at least basic security have to be financed by total tax revenue. For the acceptance and fairness of the whole system the total redistributive effect of both sides of the budget - the tax system as well as the expenditure system - are decisive. In this paper we will concentrate on the revenue side, e.g. on the taxes as well as on the social security contributions. Adam Smith had already formulated some very simple tax norms which have been transformed in modern tax theory. The equivalence as well as the ability-topay principle are basic yardsticks for every tax system in a democratic oriented market system, not to forget tax fairness. In the historical development process equity-oriented measures have often produced an enormous complexity of the single taxes as well as of the whole tax system. Therefore, reconsidering the Smithian principles of simplicity and of minimum compliance costs for the tax payer would even press many Western European tax systems to undergo serious reform processes which often are delayed because of intense interest group influence. Hence, a modern tax system is a simple one which consists only of a few single taxes which are easy to administer. Such a system consists of two main taxes, the income and the value added tax. Consequently in all countries of transition both taxes have been implemented, while the implementation was fostered by the fact that both also constitute the typical components of the EU member states systems. Therefore such a harmonising tax reform is the most important prerequisite to become a membership candidate. Bulgaria also tried to follow this general pattern in reforming the income tax system starting in 1992 and replacing the old socialistic turnover tax and excise duty system by the value added tax (VAT) in 1994. Especially with regard to the income tax system the demand for simplicity has not been met yet. Complex rules to define the tax base as well as a steeply progressive tax schedule have led to behavioral adaptations which are even strengthened by the effects of a high social contribution burden which is predominantly laid on the employers. In the following some concise descriptions of the tax and social contribution system are given; the paper closes with a summary, in which the impacts of the system are evaluated and some political recommendations for further reforms are presented.}, language = {en} } @book{PetersenBork1999, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg and Bork, Christhart}, title = {Finanzpolitischer Reformbedarf jenseits der Besteuerung : Konsequenzen f{\"u}r die Ausgabenseite}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-8599}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {1999}, abstract = {Inhalt: -Empirische Entwicklung -Personalausgaben -Zinsausgaben -Subventionen - und kein Ende! -Sozialversicherung - Sozialhilfe -Schulen und Hochschulbildung}, language = {de} } @book{Petersen1999, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {The German tax and transfer system : a problem oriented overview}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-8780}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {1999}, abstract = {Contents: The Tax System The Transfer System Principles, Benefits, and Marginal Rates Integrated System and Basic Security Further Political Patterns}, language = {en} } @book{BorkPetersen1999, author = {Bork, Christhart and Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {Revenue and distributional effects of the current tax reform proposals in Germany : an evaluation by microsimulation}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-8797}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {1999}, abstract = {Contents: The Model -Data -The Integrated Microdata File -Weights and Updates -Validation -Possibilities and Limitations The Tax Reform Proposals Revenue and Distributional Effects}, language = {en} } @book{Petersen1999, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {Arbeit organisieren - Sozialstaat erneuern}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-8805}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {1999}, abstract = {Inhalt: Soziale Gerechtigkeit Arbeitsm{\"a}rkte organisieren Sozialstaat erneuern Anhang: Jahrestagung der SEEHEIMER am Freitag, dem 8. Oktober 1999 (Tagesordnung): Reformen einleiten - Zukunft gewinnen Heidelberger Kreis : Steuer- und Sozialsystem 2002 ; eine marktwirtschaftliche Neuorientierung}, language = {de} } @book{ChristevPetersen1999, author = {Christev, Atanas and Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {Privatisation and ownership : the impact on firms in transition survey evidence from Bulgaria}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-48920}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {1999}, abstract = {Previous papers in this Special Series, have described in detail the theoretical background and development patterns, along with some empirical results, for the privatisation processes in Bulgaria and Poland. A range of issues have been raised which demand closer empirical investigation. For this purpose, the research group has developed questionnaire studies for Bulgaria and Poland. In Bulgaria, the National Statistical Institute (NSI) carried out the case studies between February and April 1998. The problems of the questionnaire set-up were identified in apre-test study, but unlike the Polish case, they led to only minor differentiation. Since financial limitations prevented a larger sample size, a sample size of 61 mid-sized and large Bulgarian enterprises was selected. Failure to respond was not a serious problem, unlike with the Polish questionnaire; this is because the NSI has maintained good links to the enterprise sector and management were prepared to give detailed answers, even on questions of their firms' financial status. However, as the Polish experience suggests, it has become obvious that the privatisation process is also associated with management's increasing reluctance to answer comparatively 'intimate' questions. Thus, future questionnaire studies must take a much higher rate of refusals into consideration. The pre-selection procedure in Bulgaria was determined by the project target, which sought to analyse the effects of the privatisation process on firm' s behaviour during the transition process, and hence only firms which had already existed before the changes were included. For small and medium-size enterprises (SME's), most of which were founded after the changes, partly due to the legal processes of spontaneous privatisation, some empirical, as weIl as analytical, studies were carried out. Thus, the research group limited the scope of investigation to enterprises with more than 250 employees. The underlying hypothesis is that employment problems are concentrated in larger firms, in particular amongst those still (partly) state owned. Because of the former ownership structures and relatively slower capacity for management change, the assumption is that state-owned enterprises (SOE's) which have only been recently privatised might still have traditional links to government even after privatisation. On the one hand, the SME's are obviously more prone to, and linked with, market processes. As a result, they don't have the financial potential and incentives to follow job-hoarding strategies. On the other hand, there are almost no SME's which are still stateowned. Hence, the prevailing opinion in the literature is that 'larger industrial firms were apt to be least efficient, most often producing inadequate and non-competitive products, with a high degree ofunder-utilisation oflabour and most inflexible to change' (lones \& Nikolov 1997, p. 252). Thus, as mentioned above, though there may be some limitations with regard to firm representation, our sample characterises a number of enterprises that offer fertile ground for the analysis of firms' adjustment to the newly established market realities in a transition economy. Our study is unique in the sense that existing empirical studies on privatisation and enterprise restructuring generally cover the time period just before and after the initial stages of transition, e.g. 1988/89 to 1992. In those studies, samples of firms in the Czech Republic, Poland, Hungary and Bulgaria recognise that behavioural adaptations at the enterprise level had taken place just before the actual privatisation process materialised. Therefore, almost all of the firms under examination were still state-owned. The firms were usually divided according to their performance as 'good', 'average' and 'bad' enterprises. The main findings of those early studies have shown that the macroeconomic adaptations (i.e., macro-level changes which induced micro-level adjustment by the firms), as well as emerging market structures, have created enormous pressures which in turn have influenced firms' economic behaviour, reallocation of resources and consequent restructuring. This evidence supports the hypothesis that the SOE's started restructuring and adjusting their behaviour and performance, in response to the harsh realities of more open markets, before privatisation actually started. In this paper, we seek to present some results on these developments in Bulgaria, at the later stages of transition and privatisation (1992-1996). The aim of our questionnaire study is therefore to show the effects of the privatisation process and ownership on the behavioural adaptations of firms which had once been state-owned or continue to be owned by the state. The period under investigation is 1992 to 1996. For 1990 and 1991, the number of missing values is reactively high and, where relevant, we partly exclude these observations from our analysis. The paper contains seven sections. Section 11 outlines the macroeconomic environment in which our sample firms operate, provides some specifics of the Bulgarian privatisation process, and discusses data quality. Section 111 concentrates on the analysis of privatisation, the specific forms of ownership that resulted from it, and firm size. In Section IV, we describe the trends of the main economic variables within firms (such as employment, wages, labour productivity, etc), and a number of proxies of firm viability, while Section V presents some regression results to corroborate the discussion of the previous section. Section VI gives an overview of survey results of the impact of enterprise determined wage policy, trade union activity and membership, government control, and social benefits on enterprise restructuring. Section VII is a summary of our findings.}, language = {en} } @article{PetersenReichelSowada1999, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg and Reichel, Hans-Peter and Sowada, Christoph}, title = {Zu einer integrierten Analyse der Industrie- und Sozialpolitik im Transformationsprozeß}, year = {1999}, language = {de} } @book{PetersenMueller1999, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg and M{\"u}ller, Klaus}, title = {Volkswirtschaftspolitik}, series = {Volkswirtschaftslehre im {\"U}berblick}, volume = {3}, journal = {Volkswirtschaftslehre im {\"U}berblick}, publisher = {Vahlen}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, isbn = {3-8006-1847-8}, pages = {372 S.}, year = {1999}, language = {de} } @article{Petersen1999, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {Diskussionsbeitrag}, year = {1999}, language = {de} } @book{Petersen1999, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {Reform of Tax \& Tax Transfers in Germany \& Australia}, series = {Australia Centre Series}, journal = {Australia Centre Series}, editor = {Gallagher, Patrick}, address = {Sydney}, pages = {464 S.}, year = {1999}, language = {en} } @book{Petersen2000, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {Modernisierung der bundesstaatlichen Ordnung : Mischfinanzierungen und Gemeinschaftsaufgaben (Teil b: Tabellarischer Anhang)}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-16169}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2000}, abstract = {Mit dem vorliegenden Diskussionsbeitrag Nr. 29 wird das f{\"u}r das Finanzministerium Brandenburg erstellte Gutachten „Modernisierung der bundesstaatlichen Ordnung: Mischfinanzierungen und Gemeinschaftsaufgaben" einer breiteren {\"O}ffentlichkeit zur Verf{\"u}gung gestellt. Aufgrund des Umfangs der erstellten Reformszenarien und ihrer Auswirkungen ist der Diskussionsbeitrag in zwei Teile aufgeteilt worden. Der eher textorientierte Diskussionsbeitrag 29 a ist zum Verst{\"a}ndnis des vorliegenden tabellenorientierten Diskussionsbeitrages 29 b, hilfreich.}, language = {de} } @book{PetersenAntonBorketal.2000, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg and Anton, Stefan and Bork, Christhart and Sowada, Christoph}, title = {Modernisierung der bundesstaatlichen Ordnung : Mischfinanzierungen und Gemeinschaftsaufgaben}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-8828}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2000}, abstract = {Inhalt: Gutachten im Auftrag des Ministeriums der Finanzen des Landes Brandenburg (beinhaltet den Text des Gutachtens - Teil a) Mischfinanzierungstatbest{\"a}nde -Allgemeine Probleme der Mischfinanzierung -Gemeinschaftsaufgaben -Finanzhilfen nach Art. 104a Abs. 4 GG -Geldleistungsgesetze nach Art. 104a Abs. 3 GG L{\"o}sungsm{\"o}glichkeiten -Verteilungsschl{\"u}ssel und Mischfinanzierung -Umsetzungsm{\"o}glichkeiten -Neuverteilung der Mittelzuweisungen am Beispiel der Gemeinschaftsaufgabe "Verbesserung der regionalen Wirtschaftsstruktur" -Kompensationsmodelle f{\"u}r Mischfinanzierungstatbest{\"a}nde}, language = {de} } @book{PetersenRaffelhueschen2000, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg and Raffelh{\"u}schen, Bernd}, title = {Die gesetzliche und freiwillige Altersvorsorge als Element eines konsumorientierten Steuer- und Sozialsystems}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-8831}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2000}, abstract = {Inhalt: Finanz- und belastungspolitische Konsequenzen -Die Methode -Die Ergebnisse -Die Reformnotwendigkeit Zur gegenw{\"a}rtigen Lage der Rentnerhaushalte -Das Vier-S{\"a}ulen-System der Alterssicherung -Die Einkommenssituation der Rentnerhaushalte -Die praktizierte Rentenbesteuerung Einfachheit, Transparenz und Akzeptanz Grundsicherung, Alterssicherung und Rentenbesteuerung -Grundsicherung und Alterssicherung -Gesetzliche und freiwillige Alterssicherung -Korrespondenzprinzip und Rentenbesteuerung}, language = {de} } @article{BalderjahnMuellerBorketal.2000, author = {Balderjahn, Ingo and M{\"u}ller, Klaus and Bork, Hans-Rudolf and Petersen, Hans-Georg and Schultz, Peter and Soyez, Konrad and Thr{\"a}n, Daniela}, title = {Umweltforschung f{\"u}r das Land Brandenburg}, series = {Brandenburgische Umwelt-Berichte : BUB ; Schriftenreihe der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakult{\"a}t der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, volume = {8}, journal = {Brandenburgische Umwelt-Berichte : BUB ; Schriftenreihe der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakult{\"a}t der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, issn = {1434-2375}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-3854}, pages = {54 -- 78}, year = {2000}, abstract = {BALDERJAHN, I.; KRUEGER, C.: Produkte und Prozesse mit dem Ziel Nachhaltigkeit Teilprojekt: "Marketing, Kommunikation, Informationsmanagement" ; M{\"U}LLER, K. et al: Ans{\"a}tze f{\"u}r eine dauerhaft umweltgerechte landwirtschaftliche Produktion: Modellgebiet Nordost-Deutschland (GRANO) ; PETERSEN, H.-G.; M{\"U}LLER, K.: GRANO - Projektbereich 1: Dezentrale Bewertungs- und Koordinationsmechanismen - Teilprojekt 2: Honorierung {\"o}kologischer Leistungen ; SCHULTZ, P.; SOYEZ, K.: Der {\"o}kologische Friedhof - Ein Ort des Lebens ; THR{\"A}N, D.: Nachhaltiges Stoffstrommanagement l{\"a}ndlich strukturschwacher Regionen}, language = {de} } @book{Petersen2000, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {Tax and Transfer Reform in Australia and Germany}, series = {Australia Centre Series}, volume = {3}, journal = {Australia Centre Series}, editor = {Gallagher, Patrick}, publisher = {Berliner Debatte Wiss.-Verl.}, address = {Berlin}, pages = {383 S.}, year = {2000}, language = {en} } @article{PetersenMueller2000, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg and M{\"u}ller, Klaus}, title = {GRANO - Projektbereich 1: Dezentrale Bewertungs- und Koordinationsmechanismen. Teilprojekt 2: Honorierung {\"o}kologischer Leistungen}, year = {2000}, language = {de} } @article{Petersen2000, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {Polit-{\"o}konomische Hintergr{\"u}nde f{\"u}r eine grundlegende Steuer- und Sozialreform}, year = {2000}, language = {de} } @article{PetersenChristevFitzRoy2000, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg and Christev, Atanas and FitzRoy, Felix}, title = {Privatisation and ownership : the Impact on firms in transition ; survey evidence from Bulgaria}, year = {2000}, language = {en} } @article{Petersen2000, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {An integrated analysis of industrial policies and social security systems in countries in transition}, year = {2000}, language = {en} } @article{PetersenNaydenov2000, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg and Naydenov, Atanas}, title = {The tax and social security contribution system in Bulgaria : formal structures and possible impacts}, year = {2000}, language = {en} } @article{PetersenChristev2000, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg and Christev, Atanas}, title = {Introduction}, year = {2000}, language = {en} } @article{Petersen2000, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {Comment on tom Jones and Joaquuim Oliveira Martins globalization and the environment : trade, FDI and international co-operation issues}, year = {2000}, language = {en} } @article{PetersenGallagherKalinko2000, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg and Gallagher, Patrick and Kalinko, Ryan}, title = {Introduction}, year = {2000}, language = {en} } @book{Petersen2000, author = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, title = {Industrial and social policy in transition countries : two case studies: Poland and Bulgaria}, editor = {Petersen, Hans-Georg}, publisher = {Shaker}, address = {Aachen}, pages = {462 S.}, year = {2000}, language = {en} }