@article{BlasimannBuschHenleetal.2022, author = {Blasimann, Angela and Busch, Aglaja and Henle, Philipp and Bruhn, Sven and Vissers, Dirk and Baur, Heiner}, title = {Neuromuscular control during stair descent and artificial tibial translation after acute ACL rupture}, series = {Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine}, volume = {10}, journal = {Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine}, number = {10}, publisher = {Sage}, issn = {2325-9671}, doi = {10.1177/23259671221123299}, pages = {13}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture has direct effect on passive and active knee stability and, specifically, stretch-reflex excitability. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to investigate neuromuscular activity in patients with an acute ACL deficit (ACL-D group) compared with a matched control group with an intact ACL (ACL-I group) during stair descent and artificially induced anterior tibial translation. It was hypothesized that neuromuscular control would be impaired in the ACL-D group. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Surface electromyographic (EMG) activity of the vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), biceps femoris (BF), and semitendinosus (ST) muscles was recorded bilaterally in 15 patients with ACL-D (mean, 13.8 days [range, 7-21 days] since injury) and 15 controls with ACL-I during stair descent and artificially induced anterior tibial translation. The movements of stair descent were divided into preactivity, weight acceptance, and push-off phases. Reflex activity during anterior tibial translation was split into preactivity and short, medium, and late latency responses. Walking on a treadmill was used for submaximal EMG normalization. Kruskal-Wallis test and post hoc analyses with Dunn-Bonferroni correction were used to compare normalized root mean square values for each muscle, limb, movement, and reflex phase between the ACL-D and ACL-I groups. Results: During the preactivity phase of stair descent, the hamstrings of the involved leg of the ACL-D group showed 33\% to 51\% less activity compared with the matched leg and contralateral leg of the ACL-I group (P <.05). During the weight acceptance and push-off phases, the VL revealed a significant reduction (approximately 40\%) in the involved leg of the ACL-D group compared with the ACL-I group. At short latency, the BF and ST of the involved leg of the ACL-D group showed a significant increase in EMG activity compared with the uninvolved leg of the ACL-I group, by a factor of 2.2 to 4.6. Conclusion: In the acute phase after an ACL rupture, neuromuscular alterations were found mainly in the hamstrings of both limbs during stair descent and reflex activity. The potential role of prehabilitation needs to be further studied.}, language = {en} } @article{ShikangalahMapaniMapaureetal.2021, author = {Shikangalah, Rosemary and Mapani, Benjamin and Mapaure, Isaac and Herzschuh, Ulrike}, title = {Responsiveness of Dichrostachys cinerea to seasonal variations in temperature and rainfall in central Namibia}, series = {Flora}, volume = {286}, journal = {Flora}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0367-2530}, doi = {10.1016/j.flora.2021.151974}, pages = {7}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Woody plants provide natural archives of climatic variation which can be investigated by applying dendroclimatological methods. Such studies are limited in Southern Africa but have great potential of improving our understanding of past climates and plant functional adaptations in the region. This study therefore investigated the responsiveness of Dichrostachys cinerea to seasonal variations in temperature and rainfall at two sites in central Namibia, Waterberg and Kuzikus. Dichrostachys cinerea is one of the encroacher species thriving well in Namibia. A moving correlation and response function analysis were used to test its responsiveness to seasonal climatic variations over time. Dichrostachys cinerea growth rings showed relationships to late summer warming, lasting up to half of the rainy season. The results also revealed that past temperatures had been fluctuating and their influence on growth rings had been intensifying over the years, but to varying extents between the two sites. Temperature was a more important determinant of ring growth at the drier site (Kuzikus), while rainfall was more important at the wetter site (Waterberg). Growth ring responsiveness to rainfall was not immediate but showed a rather lagged pattern. We conclude that D. cinerea differentially responds to variations in rainfall and temperature across short climatic gradients. This study showed that the species, due to its somewhat wide ecological amplitude, has great potential for dendroclimatological studies in tropical regions.}, language = {en} } @article{BlaesiusFriedrichKrejcaetal.2022, author = {Bl{\"a}sius, Thomas and Friedrich, Tobias and Krejca, Martin S. and Molitor, Louise}, title = {The impact of geometry on monochrome regions in the flip Schelling process}, series = {Computational geometry}, volume = {108}, journal = {Computational geometry}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0925-7721}, doi = {10.1016/j.comgeo.2022.101902}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Schelling's classical segregation model gives a coherent explanation for the wide-spread phenomenon of residential segregation. We introduce an agent-based saturated open-city variant, the Flip Schelling Process (FSP), in which agents, placed on a graph, have one out of two types and, based on the predominant type in their neighborhood, decide whether to change their types; similar to a new agent arriving as soon as another agent leaves the vertex. We investigate the probability that an edge {u,v} is monochrome, i.e., that both vertices u and v have the same type in the FSP, and we provide a general framework for analyzing the influence of the underlying graph topology on residential segregation. In particular, for two adjacent vertices, we show that a highly decisive common neighborhood, i.e., a common neighborhood where the absolute value of the difference between the number of vertices with different types is high, supports segregation and, moreover, that large common neighborhoods are more decisive. As an application, we study the expected behavior of the FSP on two common random graph models with and without geometry: (1) For random geometric graphs, we show that the existence of an edge {u,v} makes a highly decisive common neighborhood for u and v more likely. Based on this, we prove the existence of a constant c>0 such that the expected fraction of monochrome edges after the FSP is at least 1/2+c. (2) For Erdős-R{\´e}nyi graphs we show that large common neighborhoods are unlikely and that the expected fraction of monochrome edges after the FSP is at most 1/2+o(1). Our results indicate that the cluster structure of the underlying graph has a significant impact on the obtained segregation strength.}, language = {en} } @misc{WachsWrightGamezGuadix2022, author = {Wachs, Sebastian and Wright, Michelle F. and G{\´a}mez-Guadix, Manuel}, title = {Call for special issue papers: predictors, consequences, and prevention of hate speech and fake news involvement across the lifespan}, series = {Cyberpsychology, behavior and social networking}, volume = {25}, journal = {Cyberpsychology, behavior and social networking}, number = {3}, publisher = {Mary Ann Liebert}, issn = {2152-2715}, doi = {10.1089/cyber.2022.29243.cfp}, pages = {159 -- 160}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @article{GrumGronau2024, author = {Grum, Marcus and Gronau, Norbert}, title = {The impact of knowledge characteristics on process performance}, series = {Business process management journal}, volume = {30}, journal = {Business process management journal}, number = {4}, publisher = {Emerald}, address = {Bingley}, issn = {1463-7154}, doi = {10.1108/BPMJ-10-2023-0853}, pages = {1088 -- 1110}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Purpose With shorter product cycles and a growing number of knowledge-intensive business processes, time consumption is a highly relevant target factor in measuring the performance of contemporary business processes. This research aims to extend prior research on the effects of knowledge transfer velocity at the individual level by considering the effect of complexity, stickiness, competencies, and further demographic factors on knowledge-intensive business processes at the conversion-specific levels. Design/methodology/approach We empirically assess the impact of situation-dependent knowledge transfer velocities on time consumption in teams and individuals. Further, we issue the demographic effect on this relationship. We study a sample of 178 experiments of project teams and individuals applying ordinary least squares (OLS) for regression analysis-based modeling. Findings The authors find that time consumed at knowledge transfers is negatively associated with the complexity of tasks. Moreover, competence among team members has a complementary effect on this relationship and stickiness retards knowledge transfers. Thus, while demographic factors urgently need to be considered for effective and speedy knowledge transfers, these influencing factors should be addressed on a conversion-specific basis so that some tasks are realized in teams best while others are not. Guidelines and interventions are derived to identify best task realization variants, so that process performance is improved by a new kind of process improvement method. Research limitations/implications This study establishes empirically the importance of conversion-specific influence factors and demographic factors as drivers of high knowledge transfer velocities in teams and among individuals. The contribution connects the field of knowledge management to important streams in the wider business literature: process improvement, management of knowledge resources, design of information systems, etc. Whereas the model is highly bound to the experiment tasks, it has high explanatory power and high generalizability to other contexts. Practical implications Team managers should take care to allow the optimal knowledge transfer situation within the team. This is particularly important when knowledge sharing is central, e.g. in product development and consulting processes. If this is not possible, interventions should be applied to the individual knowledge transfer situation to improve knowledge transfers among team members. Social implications Faster and more effective knowledge transfers improve the performance of both commercial and non-commercial organizations. As nowadays, the individual is faced with time pressure to finalize tasks, the deliberated increase of knowledge transfer velocity is a core capability to realize this goal. Quantitative knowledge transfer models result in more reliable predictions about the duration of knowledge transfers. These allow the target-oriented modification of knowledge transfer situations so that processes speed up, private firms are more competitive and public services are faster to citizens. Originality/value Time consumption is an increasingly relevant factor in contemporary business but so far not been explored in experiments at all. This study extends current knowledge by considering quantitative effects on knowledge velocity and improved knowledge transfers.}, language = {en} } @misc{Koehne2023, author = {K{\"o}hne, Lea}, title = {(State) immunity for Palestine?}, series = {Verfassungsblog : on matters constitutional}, journal = {Verfassungsblog : on matters constitutional}, publisher = {Max Steinbeis Verfassungsblog gGmbH}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {2366-7044}, doi = {10.59704/c6b1bf054163ad38}, pages = {5}, year = {2023}, language = {en} } @misc{laGrange2022, author = {la Grange, Anna}, title = {Afrikaner-sondebok? Die lewe van Hans van Rensburg, Ossewabrandwagleier}, series = {South african journal of cultural history}, volume = {36}, journal = {South african journal of cultural history}, number = {2}, publisher = {South African Society for Cultural History}, address = {Pretoria}, doi = {10.54272/sach.2022.v36n2a12}, pages = {197 -- 198}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @article{EbelBald2022, author = {Ebel, Kenny and Bald, Ilko}, title = {Low-energy (5-20 eV) electron-induced single and double strand breaks in well-defined DNA sequences}, series = {Journal of physical chemistry letters}, volume = {13}, journal = {Journal of physical chemistry letters}, number = {22}, publisher = {American Chemical Society}, address = {Washington, DC}, issn = {1948-7185}, doi = {10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00684}, pages = {4871 -- 4876}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Ionizing radiation is used in cancer radiation therapy to effectively damage the DNA of tumors. The main damage is due to generation of highly reactive secondary species such as low-energy electrons (LEEs). The accurate quantification of DNA radiation damage of well-defined DNA target sequences in terms of absolute cross sections for LEE-induced DNA strand breaks is possible by the DNA origami technique; however, to date, it is possible only for DNA single strands. In the present work DNA double strand breaks in the DNA sequence 5 '-d(CAC)4/5 ' d(GTG)4 are compared with DNA single strand breaks in the oligonucleotides 5 '-d(CAC)4 and 5 '-d(GTG)4 upon irradiation with LEEs in the energy range from 5 to 20 eV. A maximum of strand break cross section was found around 7 and 10 eV independent of the DNA sequence, indicating that dissociative electron attachment is the underlying mechanism of strand breakage and confirming previous studies using plasmid DNA.}, language = {en} } @incollection{SchmidtWellenburg2022, author = {Schmidt-Wellenburg, Christian}, title = {Democratization or politicization? The changing face of political-economic expertise in European expert groups, 1966-2017}, series = {The condition of democracy, Volume 1: Neoliberal politics and sociological perspectives}, booktitle = {The condition of democracy, Volume 1: Neoliberal politics and sociological perspectives}, editor = {Mackert, J{\"u}rgen and Wolf, Hannah and Turner, Bryan S.}, publisher = {Routledge}, address = {Abingdon}, isbn = {978-1-003-15836-3}, doi = {10.4324/9781003158363-7}, pages = {106 -- 128}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @misc{Wyrwa2022, author = {Wyrwa, Ulrich}, title = {Music for the "Axis". German-Italian music relations under Hitler and Mussolini until 1943}, series = {Quest-issues in contemporary jewish history}, journal = {Quest-issues in contemporary jewish history}, number = {22}, publisher = {Fondazione Centro Documentazione Ebraica Contemporanea}, address = {Milano}, issn = {2037-741X}, doi = {10.48248/issn.2037-741X/13762}, pages = {222 -- 225}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{TimmeKunzBrand2022, author = {Timme, Sinika and Kunz, Jona and Brand, Ralf}, title = {Heart rate and respiratory rate correlations with children's affective responses to exercise during physical education}, series = {Journal of sport \& exercise psychology}, volume = {44}, booktitle = {Journal of sport \& exercise psychology}, number = {S1}, publisher = {Human Kinetics Publishing}, address = {Champaign}, issn = {0895-2779}, doi = {10.1123/jsep.2022-0071}, pages = {S115 -- S115}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @article{TiberiusWeyland2024, author = {Tiberius, Victor and Weyland, Michael}, title = {Improving curricula for higher entrepreneurship education}, series = {Education sciences}, volume = {14}, journal = {Education sciences}, number = {2}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2227-7102}, doi = {10.3390/educsci14020130}, pages = {1 -- 17}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Existing curricula for entrepreneurship education do not necessarily represent the best way of teaching. How could entrepreneurship curricula be improved? To answer this question, we aim to identify and rank desirable teaching objectives, teaching contents, teaching methods, and assessment methods for higher entrepreneurship education. To this end, we employ an international real-time Delphi study with an expert panel consisting of entrepreneurship education instructors and researchers. The study reveals 17 favorable objectives, 17 items of content, 25 teaching methods, and 15 assessment methods, which are ranked according to their desirability and the group consensus. We contribute to entrepreneurship curriculum research by adding a normative perspective.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Bubeck2024, author = {Bubeck, Philip}, title = {Flood impacts, behavioural responses of individuals, and intergrated risk management}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {328}, year = {2024}, language = {en} } @article{KuehlerDrathschmidtGrossmann2024, author = {K{\"u}hler, Jakob and Drathschmidt, Nicolas and Großmann, Daniela}, title = {'Modern talking'}, series = {Information polity}, volume = {29}, journal = {Information polity}, number = {2}, publisher = {IOS Press}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1570-1255}, doi = {10.3233/IP-230059}, pages = {199 -- 216}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Despite growing interest, we lack a clear understanding of how the arguably ambiguous phenomenon of agile is perceived in government practice. This study aims to alleviate this puzzle by investigating how managers and employees in German public sector organisations make sense of agile as a spreading management fashion in the form of narratives. This is important because narratives function as innovation carriers that ultimately influence the manifestations of the concept in organisations. Based on a multi-case study of 31 interviews and 24 responses to a qualitative online survey conducted in 2021 and 2022, we provide insights into what public sector managers, employees and consultants understand (and, more importantly, do not understand) as agile and how they weave it into their existing reality of bureaucratic organisations. We uncover three meta-narratives of agile government, which we label 'renew', 'complement' and 'integrate'. In particular, the meta-narratives differ in their positioning of how agile interacts with the characteristics of bureaucratic organisations. Importantly, we also show that agile as a management fad serves as a projection surface for what actors want from a modern and digital organisation. Thus, the vocabulary of agile government within the narratives is inherently linked to other diffusing phenomena such as new work or digitalisation.}, language = {en} } @article{DurandvandenBroekeLeCozannetetal.2022, author = {Durand, Gael and van den Broeke, Michiel R. and Le Cozannet, Goneri and Edwards, Tamsin L. and Holland, Paul R. and Jourdain, Nicolas C. and Marzeion, Ben and Mottram, Ruth and Nicholls, Robert J. and Pattyn, Frank and Paul, Frank and Slangen, Aimee B. A. and Winkelmann, Ricarda and Burgard, Clara and van Calcar, Caroline J. and Barre, Jean-Baptiste and Bataille, Amelie and Chapuis, Anne}, title = {Sea-Level rise: from global perspectives to local services}, series = {Frontiers in Marine Science}, volume = {8}, journal = {Frontiers in Marine Science}, publisher = {Frontiers Media}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {2296-7745}, doi = {10.3389/fmars.2021.709595}, pages = {8}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Coastal areas are highly diverse, ecologically rich, regions of key socio-economic activity, and are particularly sensitive to sea-level change. Over most of the 20th century, global mean sea level has risen mainly due to warming and subsequent expansion of the upper ocean layers as well as the melting of glaciers and ice caps. Over the last three decades, increased mass loss of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets has also started to contribute significantly to contemporary sea-level rise. The future mass loss of the two ice sheets, which combined represent a sea-level rise potential of similar to 65 m, constitutes the main source of uncertainty in long-term (centennial to millennial) sea-level rise projections. Improved knowledge of the magnitude and rate of future sea-level change is therefore of utmost importance. Moreover, sea level does not change uniformly across the globe and can differ greatly at both regional and local scales. The most appropriate and feasible sea level mitigation and adaptation measures in coastal regions strongly depend on local land use and associated risk aversion. Here, we advocate that addressing the problem of future sea-level rise and its impacts requires (i) bringing together a transdisciplinary scientific community, from climate and cryospheric scientists to coastal impact specialists, and (ii) interacting closely and iteratively with users and local stakeholders to co-design and co-build coastal climate services, including addressing the high-end risks.}, language = {en} } @article{KothariBattistiBooteetal.2022, author = {Kothari, Kritika and Battisti, Rafael and Boote, Kenneth J. and Archontoulis, Sotirios and Confalone, Adriana and Constantin, Julie and Cuadra, Santiago and Debaeke, Philippe and Faye, Babacar and Grant, Brian and Hoogenboom, Gerrit and Jing, Qi and van der Laan, Michael and Macena da Silva, Fernando Antonio and Marin, Fabio R. and Nehbandani, Alireza and Nendel, Claas and Purcell, Larry C. and Qian, Budong and Ruane, Alex C. and Schoving, Celine and Silva, Evandro H. F. M. and Smith, Ward and Soltani, Afshin and Srivastava, Amit and Vieira, Nilson A. and Slone, Stacey and Salmeron, Montserrat}, title = {Are soybean models ready for climate change food impact assessments?}, series = {European journal of agronomy : the official journal of the European Society for Agronomy}, volume = {135}, journal = {European journal of agronomy : the official journal of the European Society for Agronomy}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1161-0301}, doi = {10.1016/j.eja.2022.126482}, pages = {15}, year = {2022}, abstract = {An accurate estimation of crop yield under climate change scenarios is essential to quantify our ability to feed a growing population and develop agronomic adaptations to meet future food demand. A coordinated evaluation of yield simulations from process-based eco-physiological models for climate change impact assessment is still missing for soybean, the most widely grown grain legume and the main source of protein in our food chain. In this first soybean multi-model study, we used ten prominent models capable of simulating soybean yield under varying temperature and atmospheric CO2 concentration [CO2] to quantify the uncertainty in soybean yield simulations in response to these factors. Models were first parametrized with high quality measured data from five contrasting environments. We found considerable variability among models in simulated yield responses to increasing temperature and [CO2]. For example, under a + 3 degrees C temperature rise in our coolest location in Argentina, some models simulated that yield would reduce as much as 24\%, while others simulated yield increases up to 29\%. In our warmest location in Brazil, the models simulated a yield reduction ranging from a 38\% decrease under + 3 degrees C temperature rise to no effect on yield. Similarly, when increasing [CO2] from 360 to 540 ppm, the models simulated a yield increase that ranged from 6\% to 31\%. Model calibration did not reduce variability across models but had an unexpected effect on modifying yield responses to temperature for some of the models. The high uncertainty in model responses indicates the limited applicability of individual models for climate change food projections. However, the ensemble mean of simulations across models was an effective tool to reduce the high uncertainty in soybean yield simulations associated with individual models and their parametrization. Ensemble mean yield responses to temperature and [CO2] were similar to those reported from the literature. Our study is the first demonstration of the benefits achieved from using an ensemble of grain legume models for climate change food projections, and highlights that further soybean model development with experiments under elevated [CO2] and temperature is needed to reduce the uncertainty from the individual models.}, language = {en} } @article{RomeroBarbosaCoelhoScheiffeleetal.2021, author = {Romero Barbosa, Lu{\´i}s and Coelho, Victor Hugo R. and Scheiffele, Lena and Baroni, Gabriele and Ramos Filho, Geraldo M. and Montenegro, Suzana M. G. L. and Das Neves Almeida, Cristiano and Oswald, Sascha}, title = {Dynamic groundwater recharge simulations based on cosmic-ray neutron sensing in a tropical wet experimental basin}, series = {Vadose zone journal : VZJ : advancing critical zone science}, volume = {20}, journal = {Vadose zone journal : VZJ : advancing critical zone science}, number = {4}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {1539-1663}, doi = {10.1002/vzj2.20145}, pages = {22}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Although cosmic-ray neutron sensing (CRNS) is probably the most promising noninvasive proximal soil moisture measurement technique at the field scale, its application for hydrological simulations remains underexplored in the literature so far. This study assessed the use of CRNS to inversely calibrate soil hydraulic parameters at the intermediate field scale to simulate the groundwater recharge rates at a daily timescale. The study was conducted for two contrasting hydrological years at the Guaraira experimental basin, Brazil, a 5.84-km(2), a tropical wet and rather flat landscape covered by secondary Atlantic forest. As a consequence of the low altitude and proximity to the equator low neutron count rates could be expected, reducing the precision of CRNS while constituting unexplored and challenging conditions for CRNS applications. Inverse calibration for groundwater recharge rates was used based on CRNS or point-scale soil moisture data. The CRNS-derived retention curve and saturated hydraulic conductivity were consistent with the literature and locally performed slug tests. Simulated groundwater recharge rates ranged from 60 to 470 mm yr(-1), corresponding to 5 and 29\% of rainfall, and correlated well with estimates based on water table fluctuations. In contrast, the estimated results based on inversive point-scale datasets were not in alignment with measured water table fluctuations. The better performance of CRNS-based estimations of field-scale hydrological variables, especially groundwater recharge, demonstrated its clear advantages over traditional invasive point-scale techniques. Finally, the study proved the ability of CRNS as practicable in low altitude, tropical wet areas, thus encouraging its adoption for water resources monitoring and management.}, language = {en} } @article{MarienfeldtWehmeierKuhlmann2024, author = {Marienfeldt, Justine and Wehmeier, Liz Marla and Kuhlmann, Sabine}, title = {Top-down or bottom-up digital transformation?}, series = {Public money \& management}, journal = {Public money \& management}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {0954-0962}, doi = {10.1080/09540962.2024.2365351}, pages = {10}, year = {2024}, abstract = {This article analyses incremental institutional change and subsequent organizational and performance outcomes of the digital transformation from a comparative perspective. Through 31 expert interviews, the authors compare two digitalized public services in Germany. Two digitalization approaches are identified. The voluntary, decentralized bottom-up approach involves layering of new rules, limited organizational restructuring, and performance deficits. Conversely, the compulsory, top-down approach with centralized control facilitates displacement of existing rules and far-reaching organizational change; in this study, it is also associated with improved performance.}, language = {en} } @article{KretzschmarAshbyFearonetal.2022, author = {Kretzschmar, Mirjam E. and Ashby, Ben and Fearon, Elizabeth and Overton, Christopher E. and Panovska-Griffiths, Jasmina and Pellis, Lorenzo and Quaife, Matthew and Rozhnova, Ganna and Scarabel, Francesca and Stage, Helena B. and Swallow, Ben and Thompson, Robin N. and Tildesley, Michael J. and Villela, Daniel Campos}, title = {Challenges for modelling interventions for future pandemics}, series = {Epidemics}, volume = {38}, journal = {Epidemics}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1755-4365}, doi = {10.1016/j.epidem.2022.100546}, pages = {13}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Mathematical modelling and statistical inference provide a framework to evaluate different non-pharmaceutical and pharmaceutical interventions for the control of epidemics that has been widely used during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this paper, lessons learned from this and previous epidemics are used to highlight the challenges for future pandemic control. We consider the availability and use of data, as well as the need for correct parameterisation and calibration for different model frameworks. We discuss challenges that arise in describing and distinguishing between different interventions, within different modelling structures, and allowing both within and between host dynamics. We also highlight challenges in modelling the health economic and political aspects of interventions. Given the diversity of these challenges, a broad variety of interdisciplinary expertise is needed to address them, combining mathematical knowledge with biological and social insights, and including health economics and communication skills. Addressing these challenges for the future requires strong cross disciplinary collaboration together with close communication between scientists and policy makers.}, language = {en} } @article{RajewarMohanaLakshmiMohantyetal.2021, author = {Rajewar, S. K. and Mohana Lakshmi, Ch. and Mohanty, Aditya and Pandey, Dwijendra N. and Pandey, Anshuman and Chaurasia, Anurag and Pandey, Ananya and Rajeswar Rao, V. and Naidu, M. S. and Kumar, Amit and Mondal, Saroj K. and Yadav, Rajeev K. and Catherine, J. K. and Giri, R. K. and Gahalaut, Vineet Kumar}, title = {Constraining plate motion and crustal deformation from GNSS measurements}, series = {Journal of the Geological Society of India}, volume = {97}, journal = {Journal of the Geological Society of India}, number = {10}, publisher = {Springer India}, address = {New Delhi}, issn = {0974-6889}, doi = {10.1007/s12594-021-1850-8}, pages = {1207 -- 1213}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Geodetic studies of crustal deformation using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS, earlier commonly referred to as Global Positioning System, GPS) measurements at CSIR-NGRI started in 1995 with the installation of a permanent GNSS station at CSIR-NGRI Hyderabad which later became an International GNSS Service (IGS) site. The CSIR-NGRI started expanding its GNSS networks after 2003 with more focussed studies through installation in the NE India, Himalayan arc, Andaman subduction zone, stable and failed rift regions of India plate. In each instance, these measurements helped in unravelling the geodynamics of the region and seismic hazard assessment, e.g., the discovery of a plate boundary fault in the Indo-Burmese wedge, rate and mode of strain accumulation and its spatial variation in the Garhwal-Kumaun and Kashmir region of the Himalayan arc, the influence of non-tectonic deformation on tectonic deformation in the Himalayan arc, nature of crustal deformation through earthquake cycle in the Andaman Sumatra subduction zone, and localised deformation in the intraplate region and across the paleo rift regions. Besides these, GNSS measurements initiated in the Antarctica region have helped in understanding the plate motion and influence of seasonal variations on deformation. Another important by-product of the GNSS observations is the capabilities of these observations in understanding the ionospheric variations due to earthquake processes and also due to solar eclipse. We summarize these outcomes in this article.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Salzer2023, author = {Salzer, Dorothea M.}, title = {"God Is Not Just One People's God, Not a National God, But the Only God of All Nations"}, series = {Religious knowledge and positioning - the case of nineteenth-century educational media}, volume = {3}, booktitle = {Religious knowledge and positioning - the case of nineteenth-century educational media}, editor = {K{\"a}bisch, David and von der Krone, Kerstin and Wiese, Christian}, publisher = {De Gruyter}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-11-079590-5}, doi = {10.1515/9783110795905-009}, pages = {117 -- 132}, year = {2023}, language = {en} } @article{TiberiusWeyland2023, author = {Tiberius, Victor and Weyland, Michael}, title = {Identifying constituent elements of entrepreneurship curricula}, series = {Administrative sciences}, volume = {14}, journal = {Administrative sciences}, number = {1}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2076-3387}, doi = {10.3390/admsci14010001}, pages = {18}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Entrepreneurship education research has a strong "output" focus on impact studies but pays much less attention to the "inside" or process perspective of the way entrepreneurship education occurs. In particular, the scattered previous entrepreneurship curriculum research has not managed to provide a current and comprehensive overview of the curricular elements that constitute entrepreneurship education. To overcome this shortcoming, we aim to identify the teaching objectives, teaching contents, teaching methods, and assessment methods discussed in entrepreneurship curriculum research. To this end, we conducted a systematic literature review on the four entrepreneurship curriculum dimensions and collected all mentioned curriculum items. We used a two-stage coding procedure to find the genuinely entrepreneurship-specific items. Among numerous items (also from business management and other subjects), we found 26 objectives, 34 contents, 11 teaching methods, and 7 assessment methods that were entrepreneurship-specific. Most of these items were addressed by only a few scholarly papers.}, language = {en} } @article{XinYingTiberiusAlnooretal.2024, author = {XinYing, Chew and Tiberius, Victor and Alnoor, Alhamzah and Camilleri, Mark and Khaw, Khai Wah}, title = {The dark side of metaverse: a multi-perspective of deviant behaviors from PLS-SEM and fsQCA findings}, series = {International journal of human-computer interaction}, journal = {International journal of human-computer interaction}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, address = {London}, issn = {1044-7318}, doi = {10.1080/10447318.2024.2331875}, pages = {21}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The metaverse has created a huge buzz of interest because such a phenomenon is emerging. The behavioral aspect of the metaverse includes user engagement and deviant behaviors in the metaverse. Such technology has brought various dangers to individuals and society. There are growing cases reported of sexual abuse, racism, harassment, hate speech, and bullying because of online disinhibition make us feel more relaxed. This study responded to the literature call by investigating the effect of technical and social features through mediating roles of security and privacy on deviant behaviors in the metaverse. The data collected from virtual network users reached 1121 respondents. Partial Least Squares based structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) were used. PLS-SEM results revealed that social features such as user-to-user interaction, homophily, social ties, and social identity, and technical design such as immersive experience and invisibility significantly affect users' deviant behavior in the metaverse. The fsQCA results provided insights into the multiple causal solutions and configurations. This study is exceptional because it provided decisive results by understanding the deviant behavior of users based on the symmetrical and asymmetrical approach to virtual networks.}, language = {en} } @article{RolingGrumGronauetal.2024, author = {Roling, Wiebke M. and Grum, Marcus and Gronau, Norbert and Kluge, Annette}, title = {The roots of errors in adaptive performance}, series = {Journal of workplace learning}, volume = {36}, journal = {Journal of workplace learning}, number = {4}, publisher = {Emerald}, address = {Bradford}, issn = {1366-5626}, doi = {10.1108/JWL-10-2023-0168}, pages = {267 -- 281}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate work-related adaptive performance from a longitudinal process perspective. This paper clustered specific behavioral patterns following the introduction of a change and related them to retentivity as an individual cognitive ability. In addition, this paper investigated whether the occurrence of adaptation errors varied depending on the type of change content. Design/methodology/approach Data from 35 participants collected in the simulated manufacturing environment of a Research and Application Center Industry 4.0 (RACI) were analyzed. The participants were required to learn and train a manufacturing process in the RACI and through an online training program. At a second measurement point in the RACI, specific manufacturing steps were subject to change and participants had to adapt their task execution. Adaptive performance was evaluated by counting the adaptation errors. Findings The participants showed one of the following behavioral patterns: (1) no adaptation errors, (2) few adaptation errors, (3) repeated adaptation errors regarding the same actions, or (4) many adaptation errors distributed over many different actions. The latter ones had a very low retentivity compared to the other groups. Most of the adaptation errors were made when new actions were added to the manufacturing process. Originality/value Our study adds empirical research on adaptive performance and its underlying processes. It contributes to a detailed understanding of different behaviors in change situations and derives implications for organizational change management.}, language = {en} } @article{KrokeSchmidtAminietal.2022, author = {Kroke, Anja and Schmidt, Annemarie and Amini, Anna M. and Kalotai, Nicole and Lehmann, Andreas and Haardt, Julia and Bauer, J{\"u}rgen M. and Bischoff-Ferrari, Heike A. and Boeing, Heiner and Egert, Sarah and Ellinger, Sabine and K{\"u}hn, Tilman and Louis, Sandrine and Lorkowski, Stefan and Nimptsch, Katharina and Remer, Thomas and Schulze, Matthias B. and Siener, Roswitha and Stangl, Gabriele and Volkert, Dorothee and Zittermann, Armin and Buyken, Anette E. and Watzl, Bernhard and Schwingshackl, Lukas}, title = {Dietary protein intake and health-related outcomes: a methodological protocol for the evidence evaluation and the outline of an evidence to decision framework underlying the evidence-based guideline of the German Nutrition Society}, series = {European journal of nutrition}, volume = {61}, journal = {European journal of nutrition}, number = {4}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Heidelberg}, organization = {German Nutr Soc}, issn = {1436-6207}, doi = {10.1007/s00394-021-02789-5}, pages = {2091 -- 2101}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Purpose: The present work aimed to delineate (i) a revised protocol according to recent methodological developments in evidence generation, to (ii) describe its interpretation, the assessment of the overall certainty of evidence and to (iii) outline an Evidence to Decision framework for deriving an evidence-based guideline on quantitative and qualitative aspects of dietary protein intake. Methods A methodological protocol to systematically investigate the association between dietary protein intake and several health outcomes and for deriving dietary protein intake recommendations for the primary prevention of various non-communicable diseases in the general adult population was developed. Results The developed methodological protocol relies on umbrella reviews including systematic reviews with or without meta-analyses. Systematic literature searches in three databases will be performed for each health-related outcome. The methodological quality of all selected systematic reviews will be evaluated using a modified version of AMSTAR 2, and the outcome-specific certainty of evidence for systematic reviews with or without meta-analysis will be assessed with NutriGrade. The general outline of the Evidence to Decision framework foresees that recommendations in the derived guideline will be given based on the overall certainty of evidence as well as on additional criteria such as sustainability. Conclusion The methodological protocol permits a systematic evaluation of published systematic reviews on dietary protein intake and its association with selected health-related outcomes. An Evidence to Decision framework will be the basis for the overall conclusions and the resulting recommendations for dietary protein intake.}, language = {en} } @article{AndersKhalatyanQueirozetal.2022, author = {Anders, Friedrich and Khalatyan, Arman and Queiroz, Anna B. A. and Chiappini, Cristina and Ard{\`e}vol, Judith and Casamiquela, Laia and Figueras, Francesca and Jim{\´e}nez-Arranz, {\´O}scar and Jordi, Carme and Monguio, Maria and Romero-G{\´o}mez, Merce and Altamirano, Diego and Antoja, Teresa and Assaad, R. and Cantat-Gaudin, Tristan and Castro-Ginard, Alfred and Enke, Harry and Girardi, L{\´e}o and Guiglion, Guillaume and Khan, Saniya and Luri, Xavier and Miglio, Andrea and Minchev, Ivan and Ramos, Pau and Santiago, Basillio Xavier and Steinmetz, Matthias}, title = {Photo-astrometric distances, extinctions, and astrophysical parameters for Gaia EDR3 stars brighter than G=18.5}, series = {Astronomy and astrophysics}, volume = {658}, journal = {Astronomy and astrophysics}, publisher = {EDP Sciences}, address = {Les Ulis}, issn = {0004-6361}, doi = {10.1051/0004-6361/202142369}, pages = {27}, year = {2022}, abstract = {We present a catalogue of 362 million stellar parameters, distances, and extinctions derived from Gaia's Early Data Release (EDR3) cross-matched with the photometric catalogues of Pan-STARRS1, SkyMapper, 2MASS, and All WISE. The higher precision of the Gaia EDR3 data, combined with the broad wavelength coverage of the additional photometric surveys and the new stellar-density priors of the StarHorse code, allows us to substantially improve the accuracy and precision over previous photo-astrometric stellar-parameter estimates. At magnitude G = 14 (17), our typical precisions amount to 3\% (15\%) in distance, 0.13 mag (0.15 mag) in V-band extinction, and 140 K (180 K) in effective temperature. Our results are validated by comparisons with open clusters, as well as with asteroseismic and spectroscopic measurements, indicating systematic errors smaller than the nominal uncertainties for the vast majority of objects. We also provide distance- and extinction-corrected colour-magnitude diagrams, extinction maps, and extensive stellar density maps that reveal detailed substructures in the Milky Way and beyond. The new density maps now probe a much greater volume, extending to regions beyond the Galactic bar and to Local Group galaxies, with a larger total number density. We publish our results through an ADQL query interface (gaia . aip . de) as well as via tables containing approximations of the full posterior distributions. Our multi-wavelength approach and the deep magnitude limit render our results useful also beyond the next Gaia release, DR3.}, language = {en} } @article{PohankovaHlavinkaKersebaumetal.2022, author = {Pohankov{\´a}, Eva and Hlavinka, Petr and Kersebaum, Kurt-Christian and Rodr{\´i}guez, Alfredo and Balek, Jan and Bednař{\´i}k, Martin and Dubrovsk{\´y}, Martin and Gobin, Anne and Hoogenboom, Gerrit and Moriondo, Marco and Nendel, Claas and Olesen, J{\o}rgen E. E. and R{\"o}tter, Reimund Paul and Ruiz-Ramos, Margarita and Shelia, Vakhtang and Stella, Tommaso and Hoffmann, Munir Paul and Tak{\´a}č, Jozef and Eitzinger, Josef and Dibari, Camilla and Ferrise, Roberto and Bl{\´a}hov{\´a}, Monika and Trnka, Miroslav}, title = {Expected effects of climate change on the production and water use of crop rotation management reproduced by crop model ensemble for Czech Republic sites}, series = {European journal of agronomy}, volume = {134}, journal = {European journal of agronomy}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1161-0301}, doi = {10.1016/j.eja.2021.126446}, pages = {27}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Crop rotation, fertilization and residue management affect the water balance and crop production and can lead to different sensitivities to climate change. To assess the impacts of climate change on crop rotations (CRs), the crop model ensemble (APSIM,AQUACROP, CROPSYST, DAISY, DSSAT, HERMES, MONICA) was used. The yields and water balance of two CRs with the same set of crops (winter wheat, silage maize, spring barley and winter rape) in a continuous transient run from 1961 to 2080 were simulated. CR1 was without cover crops and without manure application. Straw after the harvest was exported from the fields. CR2 included cover crops, manure application and crop residue retention left on field. Simulations were performed using two soil types (Chernozem, Cambisol) within three sites in the Czech Republic, which represent temperature and precipitation gradients for crops in Central Europe. For the description of future climatic conditions, seven climate scenarios were used. Six of them had increasing CO \& nbsp;concentrations according RCP 8.5, one had no CO2 increase in the future. The output of an ensemble expected higher productivity by 0.82 t/ha/year and 2.04 t/ha/year for yields and aboveground biomass in the future (2051-2080). However, if the direct effect of a CO2 increase is not considered, the average yields for lowlands will be lower. Compared to CR1, CR2 showed higher average yields of 1.26 t/ha/year for current climatic conditions and 1.41 t/ha/year for future climatic conditions. For the majority of climate change scenarios, the crop model ensemble agrees on the projected yield increase in C3 crops in the future for CR2 but not for CR1. Higher agreement for future yield increases was found for Chernozem, while for Cambisol, lower yields under dry climate scenarios are expected. For silage maize, changes in simulated yields depend on locality. If the same hybrid will be used in the future, then yield reductions should be expected within lower altitudes. The results indicate the potential for higher biomass production from cover crops, but CR2 is associated with almost 120 mm higher evapotranspiration compared to that of CR1 over a 5-year cycle for lowland stations in the future, which in the case of the rainfed agriculture could affect the long-term soil water balance. This could affect groundwater replenishment, especially for locations with fine textured soils, although the findings of this study highlight the potential for the soil water-holding capacity to buffer against the adverse weather conditions.}, language = {en} } @article{FoerstnerTschornReinosoSchilleretal.2022, author = {F{\"o}rstner, Bernd R. and Tschorn, Mira and Reinoso-Schiller, Nicolas and Maričić, Lea Mascarell and R{\"o}cher, Erik and Kalman, Janos L. and Stroth, Sanna and Mayer, Annalina V. and Schwarz, Kristina and Kaiser, Anna and Pfennig, Andrea and Manook, Andr{\´e} and Ising, Marcus and Heinig, Ingmar and Pittig, Andre and Heinz, Andreas and Mathiak, Klaus and Schulze, Thomas G. and Schneider, Frank and Kamp-Becker, Inge and Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas and Padberg, Frank and Banaschewski, Tobias and Bauer, Michael and Rupprecht, Rainer and Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich and Rapp, Michael A.}, title = {Mapping research domain criteria using a transdiagnostic mini-RDoC assessment in mental disorders: a confirmatory factor analysis}, series = {European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience}, volume = {273}, journal = {European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience}, number = {3}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Heidelberg}, issn = {0940-1334}, doi = {10.1007/s00406-022-01440-6}, pages = {527 -- 539}, year = {2022}, abstract = {This study aimed to build on the relationship of well-established self-report and behavioral assessments to the latent constructs positive (PVS) and negative valence systems (NVS), cognitive systems (CS), and social processes (SP) of the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework in a large transnosological population which cuts across DSM/ICD-10 disorder criteria categories. One thousand four hundred and thirty one participants (42.1\% suffering from anxiety/fear-related, 18.2\% from depressive, 7.9\% from schizophrenia spectrum, 7.5\% from bipolar, 3.4\% from autism spectrum, 2.2\% from other disorders, 18.4\% healthy controls, and 0.2\% with no diagnosis specified) recruited in studies within the German research network for mental disorders for the Phenotypic, Diagnostic and Clinical Domain Assessment Network Germany (PD-CAN) were examined with a Mini-RDoC-Assessment including behavioral and self-report measures. The respective data was analyzed with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to delineate the underlying latent RDoC-structure. A revised four-factor model reflecting the core domains positive and negative valence systems as well as cognitive systems and social processes showed a good fit across this sample and showed significantly better fit compared to a one factor solution. The connections between the domains PVS, NVS and SP could be substantiated, indicating a universal latent structure spanning across known nosological entities. This study is the first to give an impression on the latent structure and intercorrelations between four core Research Domain Criteria in a transnosological sample. We emphasize the possibility of using already existing and well validated self-report and behavioral measurements to capture aspects of the latent structure informed by the RDoC matrix.}, language = {en} } @article{RuiperezValienteStaubitzJenneretal.2022, author = {Ruip{\´e}rez-Valiente, Jos{\´e} A. and Staubitz, Thomas and Jenner, Matt and Halawa, Sherif and Zhang, Jiayin and Despujol, Ignacio and Maldonado-Mahauad, Jorge and Montoro, German and Peffer, Melanie and Rohloff, Tobias and Lane, Jenny and Turro, Carlos and Li, Xitong and P{\´e}rez-Sanagust{\´i}n, Mar and Reich, Justin}, title = {Large scale analytics of global and regional MOOC providers: Differences in learners' demographics, preferences, and perceptions}, series = {Computers \& education}, volume = {180}, journal = {Computers \& education}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0360-1315}, doi = {10.1016/j.compedu.2021.104426}, pages = {17}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) remarkably attracted global media attention, but the spotlight has been concentrated on a handful of English-language providers. While Coursera, edX, Udacity, and FutureLearn received most of the attention and scrutiny, an entirely new ecosystem of local MOOC providers was growing in parallel. This ecosystem is harder to study than the major players: they are spread around the world, have less staff devoted to maintaining research data, and operate in multiple languages with university and corporate regional partners. To better understand how online learning opportunities are expanding through this regional MOOC ecosystem, we created a research partnership among 15 different MOOC providers from nine countries. We gathered data from over eight million learners in six thousand MOOCs, and we conducted a large-scale survey with more than 10 thousand participants. From our analysis, we argue that these regional providers may be better positioned to meet the goals of expanding access to higher education in their regions than the better-known global providers. To make this claim we highlight three trends: first, regional providers attract a larger local population with more inclusive demographic profiles; second, students predominantly choose their courses based on topical interest, and regional providers do a better job at catering to those needs; and third, many students feel more at ease learning from institutions they already know and have references from. Our work raises the importance of local education in the global MOOC ecosystem, while calling for additional research and conversations across the diversity of MOOC providers.}, language = {en} } @article{KelesMallonnKitzmannetal.2022, author = {Keles, Engin and Mallonn, Matthias and Kitzmann, Daniel and Poppenh{\"a}ger, Katja and Hoeijmakers, H. Jens and Ilyin, Ilya and Alexoudi, Xanthippi and Carroll, Thorsten A. and Alvarado-Gomez, Julian and Ketzer, Laura and Bonomo, Aldo S. and Borsa, Francesco and Gaudi, B. Scott and Henning, Thomas and Malavolta, Luca and Molaverdikhani, Karan and Nascimbeni, Valerio and Patience, Jennifer and Pino, Lorenzo and Scandariato, Gaetano and Schlawin, Everett and Shkolnik, Evgenya and Sicilia, Daniela and Sozzetti, Alessandro and Foster, Mary G. and Veillet, Christian and Wang, Ji and Yan, Fei and Strassmeier, Klaus G.}, title = {The PEPSI exoplanet transit survey (PETS) I: Investigating the presence of a silicate atmosphere on the super-earth 55 Cnc e}, series = {Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society}, volume = {513}, journal = {Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society}, number = {1}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0035-8711}, doi = {10.1093/mnras/stac810}, pages = {1544 -- 1556}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The study of exoplanets and especially their atmospheres can reveal key insights on their evolution by identifying specific atmospheric species. For such atmospheric investigations, high-resolution transmission spectroscopy has shown great success, especially for Jupiter-type planets. Towards the atmospheric characterization of smaller planets, the super-Earth exoplanet 55 Cnc e is one of the most promising terrestrial exoplanets studied to date. Here, we present a high-resolution spectroscopic transit observation of this planet, acquired with the PEPSI instrument at the Large Binocular Telescope. Assuming the presence of Earth-like crust species on the surface of 55 Cnc e, from which a possible silicate-vapor atmosphere could have originated, we search in its transmission spectrum for absorption of various atomic and ionized species such as Fe , Fe (+), Ca , Ca (+), Mg, and K , among others. Not finding absorption for any of the investigated species, we are able to set absorption limits with a median value of 1.9 x R-P. In conclusion, we do not find evidence of a widely extended silicate envelope on this super-Earth reaching several planetary radii.}, language = {en} } @article{WangHeWangetal.2022, author = {Wang, Enli and He, Di and Wang, Jing and Lilley, Julianne M. and Christy, Brendan and Hoffmann, Munir P. and O'Leary, Garry and Hatfield, Jerry L. and Ledda, Luigi and Deligios, Paola A. and Grant, Brian and Jing, Qi and Nendel, Claas and Kage, Henning and Qian, Budong and Rezaei, Ehsan Eyshi and Smith, Ward and Weymann, Wiebke and Ewert, Frank}, title = {How reliable are current crop models for simulating growth and seed yield of canola across global sites and under future climate change?}, series = {Climatic change}, volume = {172}, journal = {Climatic change}, number = {1-2}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Dordrecht}, issn = {0165-0009}, doi = {10.1007/s10584-022-03375-2}, pages = {22}, year = {2022}, abstract = {To better understand how climate change might influence global canola production, scientists from six countries have completed the first inter-comparison of eight crop models for simulating growth and seed yield of canola, based on experimental data from six sites across five countries. A sensitivity analysis was conducted with a combination of five levels of atmospheric CO2 concentrations, seven temperature changes, five precipitation changes, together with five nitrogen application rates. Our results were in several aspects different from those of previous model inter-comparison studies for wheat, maize, rice, and potato crops. A partial model calibration only on phenology led to very poor simulation of aboveground biomass and seed yield of canola, even from the ensemble median or mean. A full calibration with additional data of leaf area index, biomass, and yield from one treatment at each site reduced simulation error of seed yield from 43.8 to 18.0\%, but the uncertainty in simulation results remained large. Such calibration (with data from one treatment) was not able to constrain model parameters to reduce simulation uncertainty across the wide range of environments. Using a multi-model ensemble mean or median reduced the uncertainty of yield simulations, but the simulation error remained much larger than observation errors, indicating no guarantee that the ensemble mean/median would predict the correct responses. Using multi-model ensemble median, canola yield was projected to decline with rising temperature (2.5-5.7\% per degrees C), but to increase with increasing CO2 concentration (4.6-8.3\% per 100-ppm), rainfall (2.1-6.1\% per 10\% increase), and nitrogen rates (1.3-6.0\% per 10\% increase) depending on locations. Due to the large uncertainty, these results need to be treated with caution. We further discuss the need to collect new data to improve modelling of several key physiological processes of canola for increased confidence in future climate impact assessments.}, language = {en} } @article{KramerBouriaudFeindtetal.2022, author = {Kramer, Koen and Bouriaud, Laura and Feindt, Peter H. and van Wassenaer, Lan and Glanemann, Nicole and Hanewinkel, Marc and van der Heide, Martijn and Hengeveld, Geerten M. and Hoogstra, Marjanke and Ingram, Verina and Levermann, Anders and Lindner, Marcus and M{\´a}ty{\´a}s, Csaba and Mohren, Frits and Muys, Bart and Nabuurs, Gert-Jan and Palahi, Marc and Polman, Nico and Reyer, Christopher P. O. and Schulze, Ernst-Detlef and Seidl, Rupert and de Vries, Wim and Werners, Saskia E. and Winkel, Georg and Yousefpour, Rasoul}, title = {Perspective Roadmap to develop a stress test for forest ecosystem services supply}, series = {One Earth}, volume = {5}, journal = {One Earth}, number = {1}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2590-3330}, doi = {10.1016/j.oneear.2021.12.009}, pages = {25 -- 34}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Forests play a key role in a bio-based economy by providing renewable materials, mitigating climate change, and accommodating biodiversity. However, forests experience massive increases in stresses in their ecological and socioeconomic environments, threatening forest ecosystem services supply. Alleviating those stresses is hampered by conflicting and disconnected governance arrangements, competing interests and claims, and rapid changes in technology and social demands. Identifying which stresses threaten forest ecosystem services supply and which factors hamper their alleviation requires stakeholders' perceptions. Stakeholder-oriented stress tests for the supply of forest ecosystem services are therefore necessary but are not yet available. This perspective presents a roadmap to develop a stress test tailored to multiple stakeholders' needs and demands across spatial scales. We provide the Cascade and Resilience Rosetta, with accompanying performance- and resilience indicators, as tools to facilitate development of the stress test. The application of the stress test will facilitate the transition toward a bio-based economy in which healthy and diverse forests provide sustainable and resilient ecosystem services.}, language = {en} } @article{McHuronAdamczakArnouldetal.2022, author = {McHuron, Elizabeth A. and Adamczak, Stephanie and Arnould, John P. Y. and Ashe, Erin and Booth, Cormac and Bowen, W. Don and Christiansen, Fredrik and Chudzinska, Magda and Costa, Daniel P. and Fahlman, Andreas and Farmer, Nicholas A. and Fortune, Sarah M. E. and Gallagher, Cara A. and Keen, Kelly A. and Madsen, Peter T. and McMahon, Clive R. and Nabe-Nielsen, Jacob and Noren, Dawn P. and Noren, Shawn R. and Pirotta, Enrico and Rosen, David A. S. and Speakman, Cassie N. and Villegas-Amtmann, Stella and Williams, Rob}, title = {Key questions in marine mammal bioenergetics}, series = {Conservation physiology}, volume = {10}, journal = {Conservation physiology}, number = {1}, publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {2051-1434}, doi = {10.1093/conphys/coac055}, pages = {17}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Bioenergetic approaches are increasingly used to understand how marine mammal populations could be affected by a changing and disturbed aquatic environment. There remain considerable gaps in our knowledge of marine mammal bioenergetics, which hinder the application of bioenergetic studies to inform policy decisions. We conducted a priority-setting exercise to identify high-priority unanswered questions in marine mammal bioenergetics, with an emphasis on questions relevant to conservation and management. Electronic communication and a virtual workshop were used to solicit and collate potential research questions from the marine mammal bioenergetic community. From a final list of 39 questions, 11 were identified as 'key'questions because they received votes from at least 50\% of survey participants. Key questions included those related to energy intake (prey landscapes, exposure to human activities) and expenditure (field metabolic rate, exposure to human activities, lactation, time-activity budgets), energy allocation priorities, metrics of body condition and relationships with survival and reproductive success and extrapolation of data from one species to another. Existing tools to address key questions include labelled water, animal-borne sensors, mark-resight data from long-term research programs, environmental DNA and unmanned vehicles. Further validation of existing approaches and development of new methodologies are needed to comprehensively address some key questions, particularly for cetaceans. The identification of these key questions can provide a guiding framework to set research priorities, which ultimately may yield more accurate information to inform policies and better conserve marine mammal populations.}, language = {en} } @article{KowalczykAmannStrefleretal.2024, author = {Kowalczyk, Katarzyna A. and Amann, Thorben and Strefler, Jessica and Vorrath, Maria-Elena and Hartmann, Jens and de Marco, Serena and Renforth, Phil and Foteinis, Spyros and Kriegler, Elmar}, title = {Marine carbon dioxide removal by alkalinization should no longer be overlooked}, series = {Environmental research letters}, volume = {19}, journal = {Environmental research letters}, number = {7}, publisher = {IOP Publishing}, address = {Bristol}, issn = {1748-9326}, doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/ad5192}, pages = {12}, year = {2024}, abstract = {To achieve the Paris climate target, deep emissions reductions have to be complemented with carbon dioxide removal (CDR). However, a portfolio of CDR options is necessary to reduce risks and potential negative side effects. Despite a large theoretical potential, ocean-based CDR such as ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) has been omitted in climate change mitigation scenarios so far. In this study, we provide a techno-economic assessment of large-scale OAE using hydrated lime ('ocean liming'). We address key uncertainties that determine the overall cost of ocean liming (OL) such as the CO2 uptake efficiency per unit of material, distribution strategies avoiding carbonate precipitation which would compromise efficiency, and technology availability (e.g., solar calciners). We find that at economic costs of 130-295 \$/tCO2 net-removed, ocean liming could be a competitive CDR option which could make a significant contribution towards the Paris climate target. As the techno-economic assessment identified no showstoppers, we argue for more research on ecosystem impacts, governance, monitoring, reporting, and verification, and technology development and assessment to determine whether ocean liming and other OAE should be considered as part of a broader CDR portfolio.}, language = {en} } @article{SporbertJakubkaBucheretal.2022, author = {Sporbert, Maria and Jakubka, Desiree and Bucher, Solveig Franziska and Hensen, Isabell and Freiberg, Martin and Heubach, Katja and K{\"o}nig, Andreas and Nordt, Birgit and Plos, Carolin and Blinova, Ilona and Bonn, Aletta and Knickmann, Barbara and Koubek, Tom{\´a}š and Linst{\"a}dter, Anja and Maškov{\´a}, Tereza and Primack, Richard B. and Rosche, Christoph and Shah, Manzoor A. and Stevens, Albert-Dieter and Tielb{\"o}rger, Katja and Tr{\"a}ger, Sabrina and Wirth, Christian and R{\"o}mermann, Christine}, title = {Functional traits influence patterns in vegetative and reproductive plant phenology - a multi-botanical garden study}, series = {New phytologist}, volume = {235}, journal = {New phytologist}, number = {6}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {0028-646X}, doi = {10.1111/nph.18345}, pages = {2199 -- 2210}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Phenology has emerged as key indicator of the biological impacts of climate change, yet the role of functional traits constraining variation in herbaceous species' phenology has received little attention. Botanical gardens are ideal places in which to investigate large numbers of species growing under common climate conditions. We ask whether interspecific variation in plant phenology is influenced by differences in functional traits. We recorded onset, end, duration and intensity of initial growth, leafing out, leaf senescence, flowering and fruiting for 212 species across five botanical gardens in Germany. We measured functional traits, including plant height, absolute and specific leaf area, leaf dry matter content, leaf carbon and nitrogen content and seed mass and accounted for species' relatedness. Closely related species showed greater similarities in timing of phenological events than expected by chance, but species' traits had a high degree of explanatory power, pointing to paramount importance of species' life-history strategies. Taller plants showed later timing of initial growth, and flowered, fruited and underwent leaf senescence later. Large-leaved species had shorter flowering and fruiting durations. Taller, large-leaved species differ in their phenology and are more competitive than smaller, small-leaved species. We assume climate warming will change plant communities' competitive hierarchies with consequences for biodiversity.}, language = {en} } @article{HempelSavenjieStolterfohtetal.2022, author = {Hempel, Hannes and Savenjie, Tom J. and Stolterfoht, Martin and Neu, Jens and Failla, Michele and Paingad, Vaisakh C. and Kužel, Petr and Heilweil, Edwin J. and Spies, Jacob A. and Schleuning, Markus and Zhao, Jiashang and Friedrich, Dennis and Schwarzburg, Klaus and Siebbeles, Laurens D. A. and D{\"o}rflinger, Patrick and Dyakonov, Vladimir and Katoh, Ryuzi and Hong, Min Ji and Labram, John G. and Monti, Maurizio and Butler-Caddle, Edward and Lloyd-Hughes, James and Taheri, Mohammad M. and Baxter, Jason B. and Magnanelli, Timothy J. and Luo, Simon and Cardon, Joseph M. and Ardo, Shane and Unold, Thomas}, title = {Predicting solar cell performance from terahertz and microwave spectroscopy}, series = {Advanced energy materials}, volume = {12}, journal = {Advanced energy materials}, number = {13}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1614-6832}, doi = {10.1002/aenm.202102776}, pages = {16}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Mobilities and lifetimes of photogenerated charge carriers are core properties of photovoltaic materials and can both be characterized by contactless terahertz or microwave measurements. Here, the expertise from fifteen laboratories is combined to quantitatively model the current-voltage characteristics of a solar cell from such measurements. To this end, the impact of measurement conditions, alternate interpretations, and experimental inter-laboratory variations are discussed using a (Cs,FA,MA)Pb(I,Br)(3) halide perovskite thin-film as a case study. At 1 sun equivalent excitation, neither transport nor recombination is significantly affected by exciton formation or trapping. Terahertz, microwave, and photoluminescence transients for the neat material yield consistent effective lifetimes implying a resistance-free JV-curve with a potential power conversion efficiency of 24.6 \%. For grainsizes above approximate to 20 nm, intra-grain charge transport is characterized by terahertz sum mobilities of approximate to 32 cm(2) V-1 s(-1). Drift-diffusion simulations indicate that these intra-grain mobilities can slightly reduce the fill factor of perovskite solar cells to 0.82, in accordance with the best-realized devices in the literature. Beyond perovskites, this work can guide a highly predictive characterization of any emerging semiconductor for photovoltaic or photoelectrochemical energy conversion. A best practice for the interpretation of terahertz and microwave measurements on photovoltaic materials is presented.}, language = {en} } @article{PłociennikZawiskaRzodkiewiczetal.2022, author = {Pł{\´o}ciennik, Mateusz and Zawiska, Izabela and Rzodkiewicz, Monika and Noryśkiewicz, Agnieszka M. and Słowiński, Michał and M{\"u}ller, Daniela and Brauer, Achim and Antczak-Orlewska, Olga and Kramkowski, Mateusz and Peyron, Odile and Nevalainen, Liisa and Luoto, Tomi P. and Kotrys, Bartosz and Sepp{\"a}, Heikki and Bidaurreta, Jon Camuera and Rudna, Marta and Mielczarek, Małgorzata and Zawisza, Edyta and Janowska, Ewa and Błaszkiewicz, Mirosław}, title = {Climatic and hydrological variability as a driver of the Lake Gościąż biota during the Younger Dryas}, series = {Catena}, volume = {212}, journal = {Catena}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0341-8162}, doi = {10.1016/j.catena.2022.106049}, pages = {15}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The Younger Dryas (YD) is a roughly 1,100-year cold period marking the end of the last glaciation. Climate modelling for northern Europe indicates high summer temperatures and strong continentality. In eastern Europe, the scale of temperature variation and its influence on ecosystems is weakly recognised. Here, we present a multi-proxy reconstruction of YD conditions from Lake Gos ' ciaz (central Poland). The decadal-resolution analysis of its annually varved sediments indicates an initial decrease in Chironomidae-inferred mean July air temperature followed by steady warming. The pollen-inferred winter-to-summer temperature amplitude and annual precip-itation is highest at the Allerod/YD transition and the early YD (ca. 12.7-12.4 ky cal BP) and YD/Holocene (11.7-11.4 ka cal BP) transition. Temperature and precipitation were the main reasons for lake level fluctuations as reflected in the planktonic/littoral Cladocera ratio. The lake's diatom-inferred total phosphorus decreased with increasing summer temperature from about mid YD. Windy conditions in the early YD until ~12.3 ka cal BP caused water mixing and a short-lived/temporary increase in nutrient availability for phytoplankton. The Chironomidae-inferred summer temperature and pollen inferred summer temperature, winter temperature and annual precipitation herein are one of only a few in eastern Europe conducted with such high resolution.}, language = {en} } @article{HuthPangTewsetal.2022, author = {Huth, Sabrina and Pang, Peter Tsun Ho and Tews, Ingo and Dietrich, Tim and Le F{\`e}vre, Arnaud and Schwenk, Achim and Trautmann, Wolfgang and Agarwal, Kshitij and Bulla, Mattia and Coughlin, Michael W. and Van den Broeck, Chris}, title = {Constraining neutron-star matter with microscopic and macroscopic collisions}, series = {Nature : the international weekly journal of science}, volume = {606}, journal = {Nature : the international weekly journal of science}, number = {7913}, publisher = {Nature Publ. Group}, address = {London [u.a.]}, issn = {0028-0836}, doi = {10.1038/s41586-022-04750-w}, pages = {276 -- 295}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Interpreting high-energy, astrophysical phenomena, such as supernova explosions or neutron-star collisions, requires a robust understanding of matter at supranuclear densities. However, our knowledge about dense matter explored in the cores of neutron stars remains limited. Fortunately, dense matter is not probed only in astrophysical observations, but also in terrestrial heavy-ion collision experiments. Here we use Bayesian inference to combine data from astrophysical multi-messenger observations of neutron stars(1-9) and from heavy-ion collisions of gold nuclei at relativistic energies(10,11) with microscopic nuclear theory calculations(12-17) to improve our understanding of dense matter. We find that the inclusion of heavy-ion collision data indicates an increase in the pressure in dense matter relative to previous analyses, shifting neutron-star radii towards larger values, consistent with recent observations by the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer mission(5-8,18). Our findings show that constraints from heavy-ion collision experiments show a remarkable consistency with multi-messenger observations and provide complementary information on nuclear matter at intermediate densities. This work combines nuclear theory, nuclear experiment and astrophysical observations, and shows how joint analyses can shed light on the properties of neutron-rich supranuclear matter over the density range probed in neutron stars.}, language = {en} } @article{VencesKoehlerCrottinietal.2022, author = {Vences, Miguel and K{\"o}hler, J{\"o}rn and Crottini, Angelica and Hofreiter, Michael and Hutter, Carl R. and du Preez, Louis and Preick, Michaela and Rakotoarison, Andolalao and Rancilhac, Lo{\"i}s and Raselimanana, Achille P. and Rosa, Gon{\c{c}}alo M. and Scherz, Mark D. and Glaw, Frank}, title = {An integrative taxonomic revision and redefinition of Gephyromantis (Laurentomantis) malagasius based on archival DNA analysis reveals four new mantellid frog species from Madagascar}, series = {Vertebrate zoology}, volume = {72}, journal = {Vertebrate zoology}, publisher = {Senckenberg Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Naturforschung}, address = {Frankfurt am Main}, issn = {1864-5755}, doi = {10.3897/vz.72.e78830}, pages = {271 -- 309}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The subgenus Laurentomantis in the genus Gephyromantis contains some of the least known amphibian species of Madagascar. The six currently valid nominal species are rainforest frogs known from few individuals, hampering a full understanding of the species diversity of the clade. We assembled data on specimens collected during field surveys over the past 30 years and integrated analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear-encoded genes of 88 individuals, a comprehensive bioacoustic analysis, and morphological comparisons to delimit a minimum of nine species-level lineages in the subgenus. To clarify the identity of the species Gephyromantis malagasius, we applied a target-enrichment approach to a sample of the 110 year old holotype of Microphryne malagasia Methuen and Hewitt, 1913 to assign this specimen to a lineage based on a mitochondrial DNA barcode. The holotype clustered unambiguously with specimens previously named G. ventrimaculatus. Consequently we propose to consider Trachymantis malagasia ventrimaculatus Angel, 1935 as a junior synonym of Gephyromantis malagasius. Due to this redefinition of G. malagasius, no scientific name is available for any of the four deep lineages of frogs previously subsumed under this name, all characterized by red color ventrally on the hindlimbs. These are here formally named as Gephyromantis fiharimpe sp. nov., G. matsilo sp. nov., G. oelkrugi sp. nov., and G. portonae sp. nov. The new species are distinguishable from each other by genetic divergences of >4\% uncorrected pairwise distance in a fragment of the 16S rRNA marker and a combination of morphological and bioacoustic characters. Gephyromantis fiharimpe and G. matsilo occur, respectively, at mid-elevations and lower elevations along a wide stretch of Madagascar's eastern rainforest band, while G. oelkrugi and G. portonae appear to be more range-restricted in parts of Madagascar's North East and Northern Central East regions. Open taxonomic questions surround G. horridus, to which we here assign specimens from Montagne d'Ambre and the type locality Nosy Be; and G. ranjomavo, which contains genetically divergent populations from Marojejy, Tsaratanana, and Ampotsidy.}, language = {en} } @article{VogelClausAhringetal.2022, author = {Vogel, Annemarie and Claus, Inga and Ahring, Sigrid and Gruber, Doreen and Haghikia, Aiden and Frank, Ulrike and Dziewas, Rainer and Ebersbach, Georg and Gandor, Florin and Warnecke, Tobias}, title = {Endoscopic characteristics of dysphagia in multiple system atrophy}, series = {Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society}, volume = {37}, journal = {Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society}, number = {3}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {0885-3185}, doi = {10.1002/mds.28854}, pages = {535 -- 544}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Background Dysphagia is a major clinical concern in multiple system atrophy (MSA). A detailed evaluation of its major endoscopic features compared with Parkinson's disease (PD) is lacking. Objective This study systematically assessed dysphagia in MSA compared with PD and correlated subjective dysphagia to objective endoscopic findings. Methods Fifty-seven patients with MSA (median, 64 [interquartile range (IQR): 59-71] years; 35 women) underwent flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing using a specific MSA-flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing task protocol. Findings were compared with an age-matched cohort of 57 patients with PD (median, 67 [interquartile range: 60-73] years; 28 women). In a subcohort, subjective dysphagia was assessed using the Swallowing Disturbance Questionnaire and correlated to endoscopy findings. Results Patients with MSA predominantly showed symptoms suggestive of oral-phase disturbance (premature spillage, 75.4\%, piecemeal deglutition, 75.4\%). Pharyngeal-phase symptoms occurred less often (pharyngeal residues, 50.9\%; penetration/aspiration, 28.1\%). In contrast, pharyngeal symptoms were the most common finding in PD (pharyngeal residues, 47.4\%). Oral symptoms occurred less frequently in PD (premature spillage, 15.8\%, P < 0.001; piecemeal deglutition, 1.8\%, P < 0.01). Patients with MSA had a greater risk for oral-phase disturbances with increased disease severity (P < 0.05; odds ratio, 3.15). Patients with MSA showed a significantly higher intraindividual interswallow variability compared with PD. When correlating Swallowing Disturbance Questionnaire scores with endoscopy results, its cutoff, validated for PD, was not sensitive enough to identify patients with MSA with dysphagia. We developed a subscore for identifying dysphagia in MSA and calculated a new cutoff (sensitivity 85\%, specificity 100\%). Conclusions In contrast with patients with PD, patients with dysphagic MSA more frequently present with oral-phase symptoms and a significantly higher intraindividual interswallow variability. A novel Swallowing Disturbance Questionnaire MSA subscore may be a valuable tool to identify patients with MSA with early oropharyngeal dysphagia.}, language = {en} } @article{LupienRussellPearsonetal.2022, author = {Lupien, Rachel L. and Russell, James M. and Pearson, Emma J. and Castaneda, Isla S. and Asrat, Asfawossen and F{\"o}rster, Verena and Lamb, Henry F. and Roberts, Helen M. and Sch{\"a}bitz, Frank and Trauth, Martin H. and Beck, Catherine C. and Feibel, Craig S. and Cohen, Andrew S.}, title = {Orbital controls on eastern African hydroclimate in the Pleistocene}, series = {Scientific reports}, volume = {12}, journal = {Scientific reports}, number = {1}, publisher = {Macmillan Publishers Limited}, address = {London}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-022-06826-z}, pages = {10}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Understanding eastern African paleoclimate is critical for contextualizing early human evolution, adaptation, and dispersal, yet Pleistocene climate of this region and its governing mechanisms remain poorly understood due to the lack of long, orbitally-resolved, terrestrial paleoclimate records. Here we present leaf wax hydrogen isotope records of rainfall from paleolake sediment cores from key time windows that resolve long-term trends, variations, and high-latitude effects on tropical African precipitation. Eastern African rainfall was dominantly controlled by variations in low-latitude summer insolation during most of the early and middle Pleistocene, with little evidence that glacial-interglacial cycles impacted rainfall until the late Pleistocene. We observe the influence of high-latitude-driven climate processes emerging from the last interglacial (Marine Isotope Stage 5) to the present, an interval when glacial-interglacial cycles were strong and insolation forcing was weak. Our results demonstrate a variable response of eastern African rainfall to low-latitude insolation forcing and high-latitude-driven climate change, likely related to the relative strengths of these forcings through time and a threshold in monsoon sensitivity. We observe little difference in mean rainfall between the early, middle, and late Pleistocene, which suggests that orbitally-driven climate variations likely played a more significant role than gradual change in the relationship between early humans and their environment.}, language = {en} } @article{EssenSternHaaseetal.2022, author = {Essen, Anna and Stern, Ariel Dora and Haase, Christoffer Bjerre and Car, Josip and Greaves, Felix and Paparova, Dragana and Vandeput, Steven and Wehrens, Rik and Bates, David W.}, title = {Health app policy}, series = {npj digital medicine}, volume = {5}, journal = {npj digital medicine}, number = {1}, publisher = {Macmillan Publishers Limited}, address = {Basingstoke}, issn = {2398-6352}, doi = {10.1038/s41746-022-00573-1}, pages = {10}, year = {2022}, abstract = {An abundant and growing supply of digital health applications (apps) exists in the commercial tech-sector, which can be bewildering for clinicians, patients, and payers. A growing challenge for the health care system is therefore to facilitate the identification of safe and effective apps for health care practitioners and patients to generate the most health benefit as well as guide payer coverage decisions. Nearly all developed countries are attempting to define policy frameworks to improve decision-making, patient care, and health outcomes in this context. This study compares the national policy approaches currently in development/use for health apps in nine countries. We used secondary data, combined with a detailed review of policy and regulatory documents, and interviews with key individuals and experts in the field of digital health policy to collect data about implemented and planned policies and initiatives. We found that most approaches aim for centralized pipelines for health app approvals, although some countries are adding decentralized elements. While the countries studied are taking diverse paths, there is nevertheless broad, international convergence in terms of requirements in the areas of transparency, health content, interoperability, and privacy and security. The sheer number of apps on the market in most countries represents a challenge for clinicians and patients. Our analyses of the relevant policies identified challenges in areas such as reimbursement, safety, and privacy and suggest that more regulatory work is needed in the areas of operationalization, implementation and international transferability of approvals. Cross-national efforts are needed around regulation and for countries to realize the benefits of these technologies.}, language = {en} } @article{KelleyHippProtsch2024, author = {Kelley, Kristin and Hipp, Lena and Protsch, Paula}, title = {Organizational commitments to equality change how people view women's and men's professional success}, series = {Scientific reports}, volume = {14}, journal = {Scientific reports}, number = {1}, publisher = {Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature}, address = {London}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-024-56829-1}, pages = {10}, year = {2024}, abstract = {To address women's underrepresentation in high-status positions, many organizations have committed to gender equality. But is women's professional success viewed less positively when organizations commit to women's advancement? Do equality commitments have positive effects on evaluations of successful men? We fielded a survey experiment with a national probability sample in Germany (N = 3229) that varied employees' gender and their organization's commitment to equality. Respondents read about a recently promoted employee and rated how decisive of a role they thought intelligence and effort played in getting the employee promoted from 1 "Not at all decisive" to 7 "Very decisive" and the fairness of the promotion from 1 "Very unfair" to 7 "Very fair." When organizations committed to women's advancement rather than uniform performance standards, people believed intelligence and effort were less decisive in women's promotions, but that intelligence was more decisive in men's promotions. People viewed women's promotions as least fair and men's as most fair in organizations committed to women's advancement. However, women's promotions were still viewed more positively than men's in all conditions and on all outcomes, suggesting people believed that organizations had double standards for success that required women to be smarter and work harder to be promoted, especially in organizations that did not make equality commitments.}, language = {en} } @misc{Bilgen2024, author = {Bilgen, Isa}, title = {Our dignity in your hands}, series = {Verfassungsblog : on matters constitutional}, journal = {Verfassungsblog : on matters constitutional}, publisher = {Max Steinbeis Verfassungsblog gGmbH}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {2366-7044}, doi = {10.17176/20240204-004255-0}, pages = {9}, year = {2024}, language = {en} } @article{KlugeSocolarSchoell2021, author = {Kluge, Lucas and Socolar, Joshua E. S. and Sch{\"o}ll, Eckehard}, title = {Random logic networks}, series = {Physical review : E, Statistical, nonlinear and soft matter physics}, volume = {104}, journal = {Physical review : E, Statistical, nonlinear and soft matter physics}, number = {6}, publisher = {American Physical Society}, address = {Woodbury, NY}, issn = {2470-0045}, doi = {10.1103/PhysRevE.104.064308}, pages = {10}, year = {2021}, abstract = {We investigate dynamical properties of a quantum generalization of classical reversible Boolean networks. The state of each node is encoded as a single qubit, and classical Boolean logic operations are supplemented by controlled bit-flip and Hadamard operations. We consider synchronous updating schemes in which each qubit is updated at each step based on stored values of the qubits from the previous step. We investigate the periodic or quasiperiodic behavior of quantum networks, and we analyze the propagation of single site perturbations through the quantum networks with input degree one. A nonclassical mechanism for perturbation propagation leads to substantially different evolution of the Hamming distance between the original and perturbed states.}, language = {en} } @article{LiSchlaichZhangetal.2021, author = {Li, Mingjun and Schlaich, Christoph and Zhang, Jianguang and Donskyi, Ievgen and Schwibbert, Karin and Schreiber, Frank and Xia, Yi and Radnik, J{\"o}rg and Schwerdtle, Tanja and Haag, Rainer}, title = {Mussel-inspired multifunctional coating for bacterial infection prevention and osteogenic induction}, series = {Journal of materials science \& technology : JMST ; an international journal / spons. by the Chinese Society for Metals (CSM), the Chinese Materials Research Society (CMRS), Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences}, volume = {68}, journal = {Journal of materials science \& technology : JMST ; an international journal / spons. by the Chinese Society for Metals (CSM), the Chinese Materials Research Society (CMRS), Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam [u.a.]}, issn = {1005-0302}, doi = {10.1016/j.jmst.2020.08.011}, pages = {160 -- 171}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Bacterial infection and osteogenic integration are the two main problems that cause severe complications after surgeries. In this study, the antibacterial and osteogenic properties were simultaneously introduced in biomaterials, where copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) were generated by in situ reductions of Cu ions into a mussel-inspired hyperbranched polyglycerol (MI-hPG) coating via a simple dip-coating method. This hyperbranched polyglycerol with 10 \% catechol groups' modification presents excellent antifouling property, which could effectively reduce bacteria adhesion on the surface. In this work, polycaprolactone (PCL) electrospun fiber membrane was selected as the substrate, which is commonly used in biomedical implants in bone regeneration and cardiovascular stents because of its good biocompatibility and easy post-modification. The as-fabricated CuNPs-incorporated PCL membrane [PCL-(MI-hPG)-CuNPs] was confirmed with effective antibacterial performance via in vitro antibacterial tests against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Escherichia coli (E. coli), and multi-resistant E. coli. In addition, the in vitro results demonstrated that osteogenic property of PCL-(MI-hPG)-CuNPs was realized by upregulating the osteoblast-related gene expressions and protein activity. This study shows that antibacterial and osteogenic properties can be balanced in a surface coating by introducing CuNPs.}, language = {en} } @article{EsmaeilishirazifardUsherTrimetal.2022, author = {Esmaeilishirazifard, Elham and Usher, Louise and Trim, Carol and Denise, Hubert and Sangal, Vartul and Tyson, Gregory H. and Barlow, Axel and Redway, Keith F. and Taylor, John D. and Kremyda-Vlachou, Myrto and Davies, Sam and Loftus, Teresa D. and Lock, Mikaella M. G. and Wright, Kstir and Dalby, Andrew and Snyder, Lori A. S. and Wuster, Wolfgang and Trim, Steve and Moschos, Sterghios A.}, title = {Bacterial adaptation to venom in snakes and arachnida}, series = {Microbiology spectrum}, volume = {10}, journal = {Microbiology spectrum}, number = {3}, publisher = {American Society for Microbiology}, address = {Birmingham, Ala.}, issn = {2165-0497}, doi = {10.1128/spectrum.02408-21}, pages = {16}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Notwithstanding their 3 to 5\% mortality, the 2.7 million envenomation-related injuries occurring annually-predominantly across Africa, Asia, and Latin America-are also major causes of morbidity. Venom toxin-damaged tissue will develop infections in some 75\% of envenomation victims, with E. faecalis being a common culprit of disease; however, such infections are generally considered to be independent of envenomation. Animal venoms are considered sterile sources of antimicrobial compounds with strong membrane-disrupting activity against multidrug-resistant bacteria. However, venomous bite wound infections are common in developing nations. Investigating the envenomation organ and venom microbiota of five snake and two spider species, we observed venom community structures that depend on the host venomous animal species and evidenced recovery of viable microorganisms from black-necked spitting cobra (Naja nigricollis) and Indian ornamental tarantula (Poecilotheria regalis) venoms. Among the bacterial isolates recovered from N. nigricollis, we identified two venom-resistant, novel sequence types of Enterococcus faecalis whose genomes feature 16 virulence genes, indicating infectious potential, and 45 additional genes, nearly half of which improve bacterial membrane integrity. Our findings challenge the dogma of venom sterility and indicate an increased primary infection risk in the clinical management of venomous animal bite wounds. IMPORTANCE Notwithstanding their 3 to 5\% mortality, the 2.7 million envenomation-related injuries occurring annually-predominantly across Africa, Asia, and Latin America-are also major causes of morbidity. Venom toxin-damaged tissue will develop infections in some 75\% of envenomation victims, with E. faecalis being a common culprit of disease; however, such infections are generally considered to be independent of envenomation. Here, we provide evidence on venom microbiota across snakes and arachnida and report on the convergent evolution mechanisms that can facilitate adaptation to black-necked cobra venom in two independent E. faecalis strains, easily misidentified by biochemical diagnostics. Therefore, since inoculation with viable and virulence gene-harboring bacteria can occur during envenomation, acute infection risk management following envenomation is warranted, particularly for immunocompromised and malnourished victims in resource-limited settings. These results shed light on how bacteria evolve for survival in one of the most extreme environments on Earth and how venomous bites must be also treated for infections.}, language = {en} } @article{RiemannRahavPassowetal.2022, author = {Riemann, Lasse and Rahav, Eyal and Passow, Uta and Grossart, Hans-Peter and de Beer, Dirk and Klawonn, Isabell and Eichner, Meri and Benavides, Mar and Bar-Zeev, Edo}, title = {Planktonic aggregates as hotspots for heterotrophic diazotrophy: the plot thickens}, series = {Frontiers in microbiology}, volume = {13}, journal = {Frontiers in microbiology}, publisher = {Frontiers Media}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-302X}, doi = {10.3389/fmicb.2022.875050}, pages = {9}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Biological dinitrogen (N-2) fixation is performed solely by specialized bacteria and archaea termed diazotrophs, introducing new reactive nitrogen into aquatic environments. Conventionally, phototrophic cyanobacteria are considered the major diazotrophs in aquatic environments. However, accumulating evidence indicates that diverse non-cyanobacterial diazotrophs (NCDs) inhabit a wide range of aquatic ecosystems, including temperate and polar latitudes, coastal environments and the deep ocean. NCDs are thus suspected to impact global nitrogen cycling decisively, yet their ecological and quantitative importance remain unknown. Here we review recent molecular and biogeochemical evidence demonstrating that pelagic NCDs inhabit and thrive especially on aggregates in diverse aquatic ecosystems. Aggregates are characterized by reduced-oxygen microzones, high C:N ratio (above Redfield) and high availability of labile carbon as compared to the ambient water. We argue that planktonic aggregates are important loci for energetically-expensive N-2 fixation by NCDs and propose a conceptual framework for aggregate-associated N-2 fixation. Future studies on aggregate-associated diazotrophy, using novel methodological approaches, are encouraged to address the ecological relevance of NCDs for nitrogen cycling in aquatic environments.}, language = {en} } @article{ChigarevKazakovPikovskij2021, author = {Chigarev, Vladimir and Kazakov, Alexey and Pikovskij, Arkadij}, title = {Mutual singularities of overlapping attractor and repeller}, series = {Chaos : an interdisciplinary journal of nonlinear science}, volume = {31}, journal = {Chaos : an interdisciplinary journal of nonlinear science}, number = {8}, publisher = {American Institute of Physics}, address = {Melville}, issn = {1054-1500}, doi = {10.1063/5.0056891}, pages = {10}, year = {2021}, abstract = {We apply the concepts of relative dimensions and mutual singularities to characterize the fractal properties of overlapping attractor and repeller in chaotic dynamical systems. We consider one analytically solvable example (a generalized baker's map); two other examples, the Anosov-Mobius and the Chirikov-Mobius maps, which possess fractal attractor and repeller on a two-dimensional torus, are explored numerically. We demonstrate that although for these maps the stable and unstable directions are not orthogonal to each other, the relative Renyi and Kullback-Leibler dimensions as well as the mutual singularity spectra for the attractor and repeller can be well approximated under orthogonality assumption of two fractals.}, language = {en} } @article{MildeLangenhorstHoelscheretal.2021, author = {Milde, Peter and Langenhorst, Malte and H{\"o}lscher, Hendrik and Rottmann-Matthes, Jens and Hundertmark, Dirk and Eng, Lukas and Hoffmann-Vogel, Regina}, title = {Out-of-equilibrium optomechanical resonance self-excitation}, series = {Journal of applied physics}, volume = {130}, journal = {Journal of applied physics}, number = {3}, publisher = {American Institute of Physics}, address = {Melville}, issn = {0021-8979}, doi = {10.1063/5.0054509}, pages = {10}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The fundamental sensitivity limit of atomic force microscopy is strongly correlated to the thermal noise of cantilever oscillation. A method to suppress this unwanted noise is to reduce the bandwidth of the measurement, but this approach is limited by the speed of the measurement and the width of the cantilever resonance, commonly defined through the quality factor Q. However, it has been shown that optomechanical resonances in interferometers might affect cantilever oscillations resulting in an effective quality factor Q(eff). When the laser power is sufficiently increased cantilever oscillations might even reach the regime of self-oscillation. In this self-oscillation state, the noise of the system is partially determined by the interaction with laser light far from equilibrium. Here, we show and discuss how tuning of laser power leads to nonlinear optomechanical effects that can dramatically increase the effective quality factor of the cantilever leading to out-of-equilibrium noise. We model the effects using a fourth order nonlinearity of the damping coefficient. Published under an exclusive license by AIP Publishing.}, language = {en} }