@book{OPUS4-64594, title = {Am Ende der Globalisierung}, series = {Re-Figuration von R{\"a}umen}, volume = {1}, journal = {Re-Figuration von R{\"a}umen}, editor = {L{\"o}w, Martina and Sayman, Volkan and Schwerer, Jona and Wolf, Hannah}, publisher = {transcript}, address = {Bielefeld}, isbn = {978-3-8376-5402-8}, doi = {10.14361/9783839454022}, pages = {481}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Die Globalisierung ist zur allgegenw{\"a}rtigen Gewissheit geworden. Doch wie zutreffend ist das Konzept »Globalisierung«, wenn zeitgleich nationale Grenzen gest{\"a}rkt und transnationale Freihandelszonen ausgeweitet werden, wenn auf unterschiedlichen scales Territorien {\"u}berwunden und zugleich territoriale Abgrenzungen neu gesetzt werden? Aktuelle Ver{\"a}nderungen als Re-Figuration von R{\"a}umen zu verstehen, erm{\"o}glicht die Analyse und Diskussion widerspr{\"u}chlicher, spannungsreicher und konflikthafter r{\"a}umlicher Prozesse und ihrer allt{\"a}glichen Erfahrung. Die interdisziplin{\"a}ren Beitr{\"a}ge des Bandes liefern theoretische und empirische Analysen zu politischen, digitalen und allt{\"a}glichen R{\"a}umen im Konzept der Re-Figuration.}, language = {de} } @incollection{LoewSaymanSchwereretal.2021, author = {L{\"o}w, Martina and Sayman, Volkan and Schwerer, Jona and Wolf, Hannah}, title = {Am Ende der Globalisierung}, series = {Am Ende der Globalisierung}, booktitle = {Am Ende der Globalisierung}, editor = {L{\"o}w, Martina and Sayman, Volkan and Schwerer, Jona and Wolf, Hannah}, publisher = {transcript}, address = {Bielefeld}, isbn = {978-3-8394-5402-2}, doi = {10.14361/9783839454022}, pages = {9 -- 22}, year = {2021}, language = {de} } @article{Hecht2021, author = {Hecht, Louise}, title = {Zunz in Prag}, series = {Aschkenas : Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Geschichte und Kultur der Juden}, volume = {31}, journal = {Aschkenas : Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Geschichte und Kultur der Juden}, number = {2}, publisher = {De Gruyter}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {1865-9438}, doi = {10.1515/asch-2021-0009}, pages = {345 -- 374}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The paper addresses an under-researched chapter in the history of the Jewish Reform movement which is at the same time a commonly overlooked period in the biography of Leopold Zunz (1794-1886), one of the founding members of Wissenschaft des Judentums. By placing his eight-month appointment as a preacher to the Reform synagogue in Prague in its socio-political and biographical contexts, the article sheds new light at Zunz's commitment for the religious renewal of Judaism. A schematic comparison between the development of the Reform movement in the German lands and the Habsburg Monarchy, at the beginning of the nineteenth century highlights the role of state involvement into internal Jewish affairs. Finally, the analysis of Zunz's Synagogenordnung from 1836, according to the original manuscript from the National Library of Israel, allows a re-evaluation of the (Reform) synagogue as an institution for social disciplining of its members.}, language = {de} } @incollection{Hecht2021, author = {Hecht, Louise}, title = {Die Reform der Haskala}, series = {J{\"u}dische religi{\"o}se Erziehung im Zeitalter der Emanzipation}, volume = {56}, booktitle = {J{\"u}dische religi{\"o}se Erziehung im Zeitalter der Emanzipation}, publisher = {De Gruyter Oldenbourg}, address = {Oldenburg}, isbn = {978-3-11074-305-0}, doi = {10.1515/9783110743050-005}, pages = {93 -- 120}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Der erste programmatische Text der Haskala, der durch die josephinischen Toleranzpatente inspirierte Traktat Naphtali Herz Weisels (= Hartwig Wessely, 1725-1805) Divre Schalom we-Emet, befasste sich mit der Neuorganisation des j{\"u}dischen Unterrichts. Bewusst ging Weisel in dieser Schrift, die mit grunds{\"a}tzlichen Idealen traditioneller j{\"u}discher Erziehung brach, vom Bibelvers"נחךונלרעלעיפרדוכ,םגייכקזןיאלסירוממהנ" („Erziehe den Knaben nach seinen F{\"a}higkeiten, dann wird er auch im Alter nicht davon abweichen", Spr{\"u}che22,6) aus. Im Unterschied zur traditionellen Betonung von Limmud, das heißt des Studiums von religi{\"o}sen Schriften des Judentums, stellte Weisel Chinnuch, also Erziehung, ins Zentrumseiner {\"U}berlegungen.}, language = {de} } @article{Philipowski2021, author = {Philipowski, Katharina}, title = {Experience and poetology in allegorical love autobiographies}, series = {Medieval Forms of First-Person Narration: A Potentially Universal Format (Villa Vigoni Talks I)}, volume = {8}, journal = {Medieval Forms of First-Person Narration: A Potentially Universal Format (Villa Vigoni Talks I)}, number = {Special Issue}, editor = {Philipowski, Katharina}, publisher = {University of Oldenburg Press}, address = {Oldenburg}, issn = {2568-9967}, doi = {10.25619/BmE_H202038}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/https://ojs.uni-oldenburg.de/ojs/index.php/bme/article/view/75/136}, pages = {1 -- 27}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Im Hochmittelalter entstehen Erz{\"a}hlungen, die etablierte literarische Formen und Traditionen neu verbinden: Sie sind volkssprachig, allegorisch und verwenden als Erz{\"a}hlform die erste Person, um in dieser Kombination, die sich zu einem die Grenzen der Einzelsprachen {\"u}berschreitenden Erz{\"a}hl-Format verfestigt, unterschiedlichste Themen aufzugreifen. Dieses Format, erstmals realisiert im altfranz{\"o}sischen Roman de la Rose, wird die europ{\"a}ische Literatur mit Texten wie Dantes Divina Comedia, Guillaumes de Deguileville P{\`e}lerinage de la Vie Humaine, William Langlands Pierce Plowman und Christines de Pizan Le Livre de la mutation de Fortune bis weit in die Neuzeit hinein pr{\"a}gen. Der in den Band einleitende Beitrag geht der Frage nach, ob das narrative Format dabei universell verwendet wird oder, z.B. im Rahmen der Liebesdichtung, spezifische Besonderheiten aufweist.}, language = {en} } @article{Philipowski2021, author = {Philipowski, Katharina}, title = {Konrads ›Klage der Kunst‹ im Kontext von Sangspruchdichtung und allegorischem Ich-Erz{\"a}hlen}, series = {Konrad von W{\"u}rzburg als Erz{\"a}hler}, volume = {10}, journal = {Konrad von W{\"u}rzburg als Erz{\"a}hler}, number = {Themenheft}, publisher = {University of Oldenburg Press}, address = {Oldenburg}, issn = {2568-9967}, doi = {10.25619/BmE20214131}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/https://ojs.uni-oldenburg.de/ojs/index.php/bme/article/view/131}, pages = {57 -- 79}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Die ›Klage der Kunst‹ Konrads wird auf dem Hintergrund und in Bezug zur Sangspruchdichtung sowie der Textfamilie allegorischer Erz{\"a}hlungen in der ersten Person untersucht. W{\"a}hrend Strophik, Sangbarkeit und kunst-Thematik das Werk in den Kontext der Sangspruchdichtung r{\"u}cken, stellt es sich durch seinen Umfang, seine Narrativit{\"a}t und das Erz{\"a}hltempus, das die Handlung zwar nicht dominiert, aber rahmt, an die Seite erster fr{\"u}her Erz{\"a}hlexperimente, die Dialog, Streit oder Rede als erlebte Erfahrung eines Ich pr{\"a}sentieren wie das ›Frauenbuch‹ Ulrichs von Liechtenstein, das aber - {\"a}hnlich wie Konrads ›Klage der Kunst‹ - zu seiner Zeit offenbar nur m{\"a}ßig erfolgreich, jedenfalls nur unikal {\"u}berliefert, ist. Konrad scheint der erste zu sein, der in der h{\"o}fischen Literatur das Erz{\"a}hlen in der ersten Person mit Allegorizit{\"a}t verkn{\"u}pft. Er nutzt dieses neue und in der sp{\"a}teren Literatur so {\"u}beraus fruchtbare Erz{\"a}hlformat geschickt, um seine eigene literarische Meisterschaft unter anderem in den Gestalten von wildekeit und kunst unter Beweis zu stellen, zu thematisieren und szenisch zu verhandeln.}, language = {de} } @book{OPUS4-64338, title = {Tod und Krise}, editor = {Martin, Katja and Hamann, Anja Maria and Kreibig, Nina}, publisher = {Arijeh Verlag}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-944693-03-3}, pages = {254}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Der Tod wird oftmals als gr{\"o}ßtm{\"o}gliche menschliche Krise wahrgenommen. Doch wie definiert sich Krise im Kontext von Tod und Sterben? Dieser Frage geht der vorliegende Sammelband im zeitlichen Rahmen des langen 19. Jahrhunderts nach, welches sich durch zahlreiche Br{\"u}che und Ver{\"a}nderungen im Umgang mit dem Tod und den Verstorbenen auszeichnet. Die Beitr{\"a}ge sind das Ergebnis eines gleichnamigen Symposiums im Jahr 2019. Aus interdisziplin{\"a}rer Perspektive thematisieren Jungforscher:innen Bestattungspraktiken im Krieg und in Seuchenzeiten, setzen sich mit Innovationen im europ{\"a}ischen Bestattungswesen und mit den daraus resultierenden Spannungsverh{\"a}ltnissen auseinander. Sie problematisieren die Repr{\"a}sentationsbed{\"u}rfnisse des Adels im Zusammenhang mit dem Tod und untersuchen Erinnerungskulturen sowie das bewusste Verdr{\"a}ngen von Todeskontexten. Hierbei wird der Fokus auf die Akteur:innen gelegt, deren Intentionen und ihr konkretes Handeln. Krisen fungieren zum einen als Motor f{\"u}r neue Entwicklungen. Zum anderen verdeutlichen sie bisweilen eine erstaunliche Innovationsresistenz beim Umgang mit dem Tod. Eines aber zeichnet Krisen maßgeblich aus: sie zwingen die Betroffenen zu einer Entscheidung.}, language = {de} } @incollection{Schapkow2021, author = {Schapkow, Carsten}, title = {Wilhelm Herzbergs Binnenerz{\"a}hlung „Das M{\"a}dchen von Tanger" als Darstellung eines authentischen Judentums}, series = {Wilhelm Herzberg's Jewish Family Papers (1868) : Interdisciplinary Readings of a Forgotten Bestseller}, volume = {53}, booktitle = {Wilhelm Herzberg's Jewish Family Papers (1868) : Interdisciplinary Readings of a Forgotten Bestseller}, editor = {Herrmann, Manja}, publisher = {De Gruyter}, address = {Berlin, Boston}, isbn = {978-3-11-029771-3}, issn = {2192-9602}, doi = {10.1515/9783110297713-008}, pages = {99 -- 122}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Wilhelm Herzbergs „Das M{\"a}dchen von Tanger" ist an zentraler Stelle seiner J{\"u}dischen Familienpapiere als Binnenerz{\"a}hlung angelegt. In diesem konkreten Fall handelt es sich um eine gerahmte Binnenerz{\"a}hlung, die als fingierte Quelle dem Leser Authentizit{\"a}t vermitteln soll. Die literarischen Vorbilder dieses Genres liegen sowohl in der klassischen indischen und persischen Literatur als auch in der homerischen Odyssee. Die Binnenerz{\"a}hlung wurde von Goethe in seinen Unterhaltungen deutscher Auswanderer (1795) weiterentwickelt. Im 19.Jahrhundert wurde sie stilbildend und erfreute sich großer Beliebtheit. Sie verf{\"u}gt {\"u}ber eine eigene epische Erz{\"a}hlstruktur und versteht sich als „Erz{\"a}hlung in der Erz{\"a}hlung" . Dadurch kann sie noch zus{\"a}tzliche Akzente setzen und zugleich moralische Anleitung f{\"u}r die Leserschaftbereithalten.}, language = {de} } @book{SchapkowJacob2021, author = {Schapkow, Carsten and Jacob, Frank}, title = {Nationalism in a Transnational Age}, editor = {Schapkow, Carsten and Jacob, Frank}, publisher = {De Gruyter Oldenbourg}, address = {Berlin, Boston}, isbn = {978-3-11-072929-0}, doi = {10.1515/9783110729290}, pages = {230}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Nationalism was declared to be dead too early. A postnational age was announced, and liberalism claimed to have been victorious by the end of the Cold War. At the same time postnational order was proclaimed in which transnational alliances like the European Union were supposed to become more important in international relations. But we witnessed the rise a strong nationalism during the early 21st century instead, and right wing parties are able to gain more and more votes in elections that are often characterized by nationalist agendas. This volume shows how nationalist dreams and fears alike determine politics in an age that was supposed to witness a rather peaceful coexistence by those who consider transnational ideas more valuable than national demands. It will deal with different case studies to show why and how nationalism made its way back to the common consciousness and which elements stimulated the re-establishment of the aggressive nation state. The volume will therefore look at the continuities of empire, actual and imagined, the role of "foreign-" and "otherness" for nationalist narratives, and try to explain how globalization stimulated the rise of 21st century nationalisms as well.}, language = {en} } @misc{SancıHafnerKollodzeiskietal.2021, author = {Sanc{\i}, Kadir and Hafner, Johann Evangelist and Kollodzeiski, Ulrike and Abdulghani, Mohammed and Hedo, Rawsan and Bala, Emine and Bala, Ali and Gatzhammer, Stefan and Haußig, Hans-Michael}, title = {Gemeinschaftsprojekt: Religious Mapping Erbil (RME)}, publisher = {Catholic University Erbil}, address = {Erbil}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Religious Mapping Erbil (RME) is a joint project of teams from the Catholic University in Erbil (CUE), Salahaddin University-Erbil (SUE) and Tishk International University (TIU) under the guidance of the University of Potsdam (UP). From 2018 to 2022, the project was financed by the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD). This project involves scholars of various disciplines including religious studies, Islamic studies, English language, applied computing, and computer engineering. The research is a cooperation of students, PhD candidates and advanced scholars. The project attempts to display the religious diversity in Erbil, the fast-changing capital of Iraqi Kurdistan. Unlike a census or a survey, which focuses on individuals, RME presents the locations (mosques, churches, synagogues, temples and other venues) together with the history and social profiles of the congregations meeting there. [insert tiny map or part of it] The data were obtained by visiting the locations, observing their services, interviewing community leaders (mostly imams and priests), evaluating information from the Ministry of Endowment and Religious Affairs, and by consulting websites. All investigations followed the same pattern, consisting of (I) spatiotemporal and (III) social dimensions, framed by (II) religious performance.}, language = {en} } @book{MusterBullKapitzky2021, author = {Muster, Judith and Bull, Finn-Rasmus and Kapitzky, Jens}, title = {Postb{\"u}rokratisches Organisieren}, publisher = {Verlag Franz Vahlen}, address = {Baden-Baden}, isbn = {978-3-8006-6376-7}, doi = {10.15358/9783800663774}, pages = {247}, year = {2021}, language = {de} } @book{Schmidt2021, author = {Schmidt, Max Oliver}, title = {Seenotrettung und Kirchenasyl}, series = {Organisation und Gesellschaft - Forschung}, journal = {Organisation und Gesellschaft - Forschung}, publisher = {Springer VS}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-32472-8}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-658-32473-5}, pages = {XI, 415}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Der Zugang zu einem Asylverfahren in der EU ist ein umk{\"a}mpftes soziales Gut. Die Studie zeichnet ein komplexes Bild von Ausschließungs- und Usurpationsstrategien im Feld der europ{\"a}ischen und speziell der italienischen und deutschen Asylverwaltung zwischen 2015 und 2018. (Supra-)nationale Verwaltungs- und Vollzugsorganisationen versuchen Fl{\"u}chtende von dem Verwaltungsakt abzuhalten und entwickeln territoriale und administrative Exklusionsstrategien, um Fluchtmobilit{\"a}t und Asyl zu verwehren. Gleichzeitig erk{\"a}mpfen Seenotrettungs- und Kirchenorganisationen den Zugang zum Asylverfahren, indem sie sich mit Fl{\"u}chtenden solidarisieren und diesen eine Partizipation an {\"o}ffentlichen G{\"u}tern und Rechten der Aufnahmegesellschaft erm{\"o}glichen. F{\"u}r Fl{\"u}chtende wird der formale Zugang zu und die tempor{\"a}re Mitgliedschaft in einer Aufnahmegesellschaft in konfliktreichen und inter-organisationalen Entscheidungen ausgehandelt. Die formale Organisation wird zum Ort der Schließungsk{\"a}mpfe, indemsie als Schließungsakteur und zwischengesellschaftliches Schließungssystem formale Interaktionen zwischen Gefl{\"u}chteten und Aufnahmegesellschaft erm{\"o}glicht oder verhindert. Die Synthese von schließungs- und organisationstheoretischen Perspektiven tr{\"a}gt dazu bei, dass gesellschaftliche Ordnungsbildung organisationssoziologisch erkl{\"a}rbar wird.}, language = {de} } @article{PolemitiBaudryKuxhausetal.2021, author = {Polemiti, Elli and Baudry, Julia and Kuxhaus, Olga and J{\"a}ger, Susanne and Bergmann, Manuela and Weikert, Cornelia and Schulze, Matthias Bernd}, title = {BMI and BMI change following incident type 2 diabetes and risk of microvascular and macrovascular complications}, series = {Diabetologia : journal of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)}, volume = {64}, journal = {Diabetologia : journal of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)}, number = {4}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin ; Heidelberg}, issn = {0012-186X}, doi = {10.1007/s00125-020-05362-7}, pages = {814 -- 825}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Aims/hypothesis Studies suggest decreased mortality risk among people who are overweight or obese compared with individuals with normal weight in type 2 diabetes (obesity paradox). However, the relationship between body weight or weight change and microvascular vs macrovascular complications of type 2 diabetes remains unresolved. We investigated the association between BMI and BMI change with long-term risk of microvascular and macrovascular complications in type 2 diabetes in a prospective cohort study. Methods We studied participants with incident type 2 diabetes from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam cohort, who were free of cancer, cardiovascular disease and microvascular disease at diagnosis (n = 1083). Pre-diagnosis BMI and relative annual change between pre- and post-diagnosis BMI were evaluated in multivariable-adjusted Cox models. Results There were 85 macrovascular (myocardial infarction and stroke) and 347 microvascular events (kidney disease, neuropathy and retinopathy) over a median follow-up of 10.8 years. Median pre-diagnosis BMI was 29.9 kg/m(2) (IQR 27.4-33.2), and the median relative annual BMI change was -0.4\% (IQR -2.1 to 0.9). Higher pre-diagnosis BMI was positively associated with total microvascular complications (multivariable-adjusted HR per 5 kg/m(2) [95\% CI]: 1.21 [1.07, 1.36], kidney disease 1.39 [1.21, 1.60] and neuropathy 1.12 [0.96, 1.31]) but not with macrovascular complications (HR 1.05 [95\% CI 0.81, 1.36]). Analyses according to BMI categories corroborated these findings. Effect modification was not evident by sex, smoking status or age groups. In analyses according to BMI change categories, BMI loss of more than 1\% indicated a decreased risk of total microvascular complications (HR 0.62 [95\% CI 0.47, 0.80]), kidney disease (HR 0.57 [95\% CI 0.40, 0.81]) and neuropathy (HR 0.73 [95\% CI 0.52, 1.03]), compared with participants with a stable BMI; no clear association was observed for macrovascular complications (HR 1.04 [95\% CI 0.62, 1.74]). The associations between BMI gain compared with stable BMI and diabetes-related vascular complications were less apparent. Associations were consistent across strata of sex, age, pre-diagnosis BMI or medication but appeared to be stronger among never-smokers compared with current or former smokers. Conclusions/interpretation Among people with incident type 2 diabetes, pre-diagnosis BMI was positively associated with microvascular complications, while a reduced risk was observed with weight loss when compared with stable weight. The relationships with macrovascular disease were less clear.}, language = {en} } @article{RotheZhaoMuelleretal.2021, author = {Rothe, Martin and Zhao, Yuhang and M{\"u}ller, Johannes and Kewes, G{\"u}nter and Koch, Christoph T. and Lu, Yan and Benson, Oliver}, title = {Self-assembly of plasmonic nanoantenna-waveguide structures for subdiffractional chiral sensing}, series = {ACS nano}, volume = {15}, journal = {ACS nano}, number = {1}, publisher = {American Chemical Society}, address = {Washington}, issn = {1936-0851}, doi = {10.1021/acsnano.0c05240}, pages = {351 -- 361}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Spin-momentum locking is a peculiar effect in the near-field of guided optical or plasmonic modes. It can be utilized to map the spinning or handedness of electromagnetic fields onto the propagation direction. This motivates a method to probe the circular dichroism of an illuminated chiral object. In this work, we demonstrate local, subdiffraction limited chiral coupling of light and propagating surface plasmon polaritons in a self-assembled system of a gold nanoantenna and a silver nanowire. A thin silica shell around the nanowire provides precise distance control and also serves as a host for fluorescent molecules, which indicate the direction of plasmon propagation. We characterize our nanoantenna-nanowire systems comprehensively through correlated electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, dark-field, and fluorescence imaging. Three-dimensional numerical simulations support the experimental findings. Besides our measurement of far-field polarization, we estimate sensing capabilities and derive not only a sensitivity of 1 mdeg for the ellipticity of the light field, but also find 10(3) deg cm(2)/dmol for the circular dichroism of an analyte locally introduced in the hot spot of the antenna-wire system. Thorough modeling of a prototypical design predicts on-chip sensing of chiral analytes. This introduces our system as an ultracompact sensor for chiral response far below the diffraction limit.}, language = {en} } @article{SaikinShpritsDrozdovetal.2021, author = {Saikin, Anthony and Shprits, Yuri Y. and Drozdov, Alexander and Landis, Daji August and Zhelavskaya, Irina and Cervantes Villa, Juan Sebastian}, title = {Reconstruction of the radiation belts for solar cycles 17-24 (1933-2017)}, series = {Space weather : the international journal of research and applications}, volume = {19}, journal = {Space weather : the international journal of research and applications}, number = {3}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {New York}, issn = {1542-7390}, doi = {10.1029/2020SW002524}, pages = {24}, year = {2021}, abstract = {We present a reconstruction of the dynamics of the radiation belts from solar cycles 17 to 24 which allows us to study how radiation belt activity has varied between the different solar cycles. The radiation belt simulations are produced using the Versatile Electron Radiation Belt (VERB)-3D code. The VERB-3D code simulations incorporate radial, energy, and pitch angle diffusion to reproduce the radiation belts. Our simulations use the historical measurements of Kp (available since solar cycle 17, i.e., 1933) to model the evolution radiation belt dynamics between L* = 1-6.6. A nonlinear auto regressive network with exogenous inputs (NARX) neural network was trained off GOES 15 measurements (January 2011-March 2014) and used to supply the upper boundary condition (L* = 6.6) over the course of solar cycles 17-24 (i.e., 1933-2017). Comparison of the model with long term observations of the Van Allen Probes and CRRES demonstrates that our model, driven by the NARX boundary, can reconstruct the general evolution of the radiation belt fluxes. Solar cycle 24 (January 2008-2017) has been the least active of the considered solar cycles which resulted in unusually low electron fluxes. Our results show that solar cycle 24 should not be used as a representative solar cycle for developing long term environment models. The developed reconstruction of fluxes can be used to develop or improve empirical models of the radiation belts.}, language = {en} } @article{AstudilloSotomayorJaraMunozMelnicketal.2021, author = {Astudillo-Sotomayor, Luis and Jara Mu{\~n}oz, Julius and Melnick, Daniel and Cort{\´e}s-Aranda, Joaqu{\´i}n and Tassara, Andr{\´e}s and Strecker, Manfred}, title = {Fast Holocene slip and localized strain along the Liqui{\~n}e-Ofqui strike-slip fault system, Chile}, series = {Scientific reports}, volume = {11}, journal = {Scientific reports}, number = {1}, publisher = {Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature}, address = {London}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-021-85036-5}, pages = {10}, year = {2021}, abstract = {In active tectonic settings dominated by strike-slip kinematics, slip partitioning across subparallel faults is a common feature; therefore, assessing the degree of partitioning and strain localization is paramount for seismic hazard assessments. Here, we estimate a slip rate of 18.8 +/- 2.0 mm/year over the past 9.0 +/- 0.1 ka for a single strand of the Liquirie-Ofqui Fault System, which straddles the Main Cordillera in Southern Chile. This Holocene rate accounts for similar to 82\% of the trench-parallel component of oblique plate convergence and is similar to million-year estimates integrated over the entire fault system. Our results imply that strain localizes on a single fault at millennial time scale but over longer time scales strain localization is not sustained. The fast millennial slip rate in the absence of historical Mw> 6.5 earthquakes along the Liquine-Ofqui Fault System implies either a component of aseismic slip or Mw similar to 7 earthquakes involving multi-trace ruptures and > 150-year repeat times. Our results have implications for the understanding of strike-slip fault system dynamics within volcanic arcs and seismic hazard assessments.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Schmidt2021, author = {Schmidt, Max Oliver}, title = {Moralische Entscheidungsdilemmata im Milit{\"a}r}, series = {Organisierte Moral}, booktitle = {Organisierte Moral}, editor = {Armbruster, Andr{\´e} and Besio, Cristina}, publisher = {Springer VS}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-31554-2}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-658-31555-9_14}, pages = {333 -- 366}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Milit{\"a}r und Moral sind scheinbar zwei sich gegenseitig ausschließende Begriffe. Kriegerische Konflikte und die T{\"o}tung von Menschen kommen uns g{\"a}nzlich unmoralisch vor. Wenn {\"u}berhaupt, ist die Kampfmoral (Biehl, Heiko. 2012. Einsatzmotivation und Kampfmoral. In Milit{\"a}rsoziologie - Eine Einf{\"u}hrung. 2., aktualisierte und erg{\"a}nzte Aufl., Hrsg. Nina Leonhard und Ines-Jacqueline Werkner, 447-474. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag f{\"u}r Sozialwissenschaften.) ein g{\"a}ngiges Konzept. Nichtsdestotrotz wird im vorliegenden Beitrag angenommen, dass das Milit{\"a}r moralisch handeln kann. Es wird argumentiert, dass das Milit{\"a}r mit widerspr{\"u}chlichen moralischen und rechtlichen Erwartungshaltungen konfrontiert wird und diese Erwartungen in Entscheidungen {\"u}bersetzt. Dadurch ger{\"a}t das Milit{\"a}r jedoch stetig in moralische Entscheidungsdilemmata. Am Beispiel der Seenotrettung im Mittelmeer zwischen 2015 und 2018 soll exemplarisch gezeigt werden, dass das Milit{\"a}r sowohl eine Situationsmoral und moralische Routinen entwickelt als auch Vermeidungsstrategien verfolgt, die jegliche Moralerwartungen von der Organisation fernhalten. Der Beitrag arbeitet hierbei mit einem Moralbegriff philosophischer Provenienz und zeigt verschiedene analytische Dimensionen auf, die zur Analyse von Moral von Organisationen beitragen k{\"o}nnen.}, language = {de} } @article{LopezCominoCescaNiemzetal.2021, author = {L{\´o}pez-Comino, Jos{\´e} {\´A}ngel and Cesca, Simone and Niemz, Peter and Dahm, Torsten and Zang, Arno}, title = {Rupture directivity in 3D inferred from acoustic emissions events in a mine-scale hydraulic fracturing experiment}, series = {Frontiers in Earth Science}, volume = {9}, journal = {Frontiers in Earth Science}, publisher = {Frontiers Media}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {2296-6463}, doi = {10.3389/feart.2021.670757}, pages = {9}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Rupture directivity, implying a predominant earthquake rupture propagation direction, is typically inferred upon the identification of 2D azimuthal patterns of seismic observations for weak to large earthquakes using surface-monitoring networks. However, the recent increase of 3D monitoring networks deployed in the shallow subsurface and underground laboratories toward the monitoring of microseismicity allows to extend the directivity analysis to 3D modeling, beyond the usual range of magnitudes. The high-quality full waveforms recorded for the largest, decimeter-scale acoustic emission (AE) events during a meter-scale hydraulic fracturing experiment in granites at similar to 410 m depth allow us to resolve the apparent durations observed at each AE sensor to analyze 3D-directivity effects. Unilateral and (asymmetric) bilateral ruptures are then characterized by the introduction of a parameter kappa, representing the angle between the directivity vector and the station vector. While the cloud of AE activity indicates the planes of the hydrofractures, the resolved directivity vectors show off-plane orientations, indicating that rupture planes of microfractures on a scale of centimeters have different geometries. Our results reveal a general alignment of the rupture directivity with the orientation of the minimum horizontal stress, implying that not only the slip direction but also the fracture growth produced by the fluid injections is controlled by the local stress conditions.}, language = {en} } @article{LauLiuMaieretal.2021, author = {Lau, Skadi and Liu, Yue and Maier, Anna and Braune, Steffen and Gossen, Manfred and Neffe, Axel T. and Lendlein, Andreas}, title = {Establishment of an in vitro thrombogenicity test system with cyclic olefin copolymer substrate for endothelial layer formation}, series = {MRS communications / a publication of the Materials Research Society}, volume = {11}, journal = {MRS communications / a publication of the Materials Research Society}, number = {5}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {2159-6867}, doi = {10.1557/s43579-021-00072-6}, pages = {559 -- 567}, year = {2021}, abstract = {In vitro thrombogenicity test systems require co-cultivation of endothelial cells and platelets under blood flow-like conditions. Here, a commercially available perfusion system is explored using plasma-treated cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) as a substrate for the endothelial cell layer. COC was characterized prior to endothelialization and co-cultivation with platelets under static or flow conditions. COC exhibits a low roughness and a moderate hydrophilicity. Flow promoted endothelial cell growth and prevented platelet adherence. These findings show the suitability of COC as substrate and the importance of blood flow-like conditions for the assessment of the thrombogenic risk of drugs or cardiovascular implant materials.}, language = {en} } @article{StraubePreickNayloretal.2021, author = {Straube, Nicolas and Preick, Michaela and Naylor, Gavin J. P. and Hofreiter, Michael}, title = {Mitochondrial DNA sequencing of a wet-collection syntype demonstrates the importance of type material as genetic resource for lantern shark taxonomy (Chondrichthyes: Etmopteridae)}, series = {Royal Society Open Science}, volume = {8}, journal = {Royal Society Open Science}, number = {9}, publisher = {Royal Society}, address = {London}, issn = {2054-5703}, doi = {10.1098/rsos.210474}, pages = {13}, year = {2021}, abstract = {After initial detection of target archival DNA of a 116-year-old syntype specimen of the smooth lantern shark, Etmopterus pusillus, in a single-stranded DNA library, we shotgun-sequenced additional 9 million reads from this same DNA library. Sequencing reads were used for extracting mitochondrial sequence information for analyses of mitochondrial DNA characteristics and reconstruction of the mitochondrial genome. The archival DNA is highly fragmented. A total of 4599 mitochondrial reads were available for the genome reconstruction using an iterative mapping approach. The resulting genome sequence has 12 times coverage and a length of 16 741 bp. All 37 vertebrate mitochondrial loci plus the control region were identified and annotated. The mitochondrial NADH2 gene was subsequently used to place the syntype haplotype in a network comprising multiple E. pusillus samples from various distant localities as well as sequences from a morphological similar species, the shortfin smooth lantern shark Etmopterus joungi. Results confirm the almost global distribution of E. pusillus and suggest E. joungi to be a junior synonym of E. pusillus. As mitochondrial DNA often represents the only available reference information in non-model organisms, this study illustrates the importance of mitochondrial DNA from an aged, wet collection type specimen for taxonomy.}, language = {en} }