@article{SchieferKrahe2014, author = {Schiefer, David and Krah{\´e}, Barbara}, title = {Ethnic identity and orientation to white American culture are linked to well-being among american indians-but in different ways}, series = {Social psychology}, volume = {45}, journal = {Social psychology}, number = {1}, publisher = {Hogrefe}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, issn = {1864-9335}, doi = {10.1027/1864-9335/a000155}, pages = {1 -- 14}, year = {2014}, abstract = {This study examined the relationship between ethnic identity, orientation toward the White mainstream culture, and psychological well-being among American Indians. In the light of the unique history of American Indians, we investigated the relationship between identification with the American Indian ingroup, orientation toward the dominant White American culture ( in terms of showing behavior typical for White mainstream culture as well as positive attitudes and feelings of belonging to White American culture), and self-efficacy and learned helplessness as indicators of psychological well-being. Structural equation analyses with an adolescent and an adult sample revealed a positive relationship between ethnic identity and self-efficacy but no link with learned helplessness. The tendency to show behavior typical for White mainstream culture was associated with higher self-efficacy in both samples and with lower helplessness in the adult subsample. White American orientation in the form of positive attitudes and sense of belonging were associated with higher helplessness in both samples and with lower self-efficacy among adults. The findings are discussed in terms of the role of both ethnic identity and the orientation toward the mainstream culture for well-being among American Indians, focusing on the distinct relations of White American behavior versus White American affiliation with well-being in American Indians.}, language = {en} } @unpublished{Krahe2014, author = {Krah{\´e}, Barbara}, title = {Restoring the spirit of fair play in the debate about violent video games a comment on Elson and Ferguson (2013)}, series = {EUROPEAN PSYCHOLOGIST}, volume = {19}, journal = {EUROPEAN PSYCHOLOGIST}, number = {1}, publisher = {Hogrefe}, address = {Kirkland}, issn = {1016-9040}, doi = {10.1027/1016-9040/a000165}, pages = {56 -- 59}, year = {2014}, abstract = {This commentary argues that, rather than providing an "exhaustive review," Elson and Ferguson (2013) discuss a selective sample of empirical studies on violent video game use which corroborate their claim that there is no systematic evidence for a link between violent video game play and aggression. In evaluating the evidence, the authors portray a biased picture of the current state of knowledge about media violence effects. They fail to distinguish between aggression and violence and between everyday and clinical forms of aggression. Furthermore, they misrepresent key constructs, such as mediation, moderation, and external validity, to discredit methodologies used to assess aggression and media violence use. The paper moves the debate backward rather than forward, falling behind existing meta-analytic studies that consider a much wider and more balanced range of studies.}, language = {en} } @article{CelebiKraheSpoerer2014, author = {Celebi, Christin and Krah{\´e}, Barbara and Sp{\"o}rer, Nadine}, title = {Strengthened for the teaching profession: promoting professional competencies in teacher training students}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r p{\"a}dagogische Psychologie.}, volume = {28}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r p{\"a}dagogische Psychologie.}, number = {3}, publisher = {Hogrefe}, address = {Bern}, issn = {1010-0652}, doi = {10.1024/1010-0652/a000128}, pages = {115 -- 126}, year = {2014}, abstract = {A quasi-experimental study with N = 293 participants studying toward a teaching degree examined the efficacy of the intervention program "Strengthened for the teaching profession". In a pre-, intermediate- and post-test control group design, three treatment conditions that focused (1) on their individual professional strengths, (2) professional weaknesses, or (3) a combination of strengths and weaknesses were compared to a no-treatment control condition. Both at intermediate test and at posttest, students in the three intervention conditions scored higher than students in the control group on measures of self-efficacy and professional self-regulation. The combined intervention condition was more successful at promoting professional self-efficacy and self-regulation than the intervention focusing either on strengths or relative weaknesses only. The implications of the findings for teacher training are discussed.}, language = {de} } @article{Krahe2014, author = {Krah{\´e}, Barbara}, title = {Media violence use as a risk factor for aggressive behaviour in adolescence}, series = {European review of social psychology}, volume = {25}, journal = {European review of social psychology}, number = {1}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {1046-3283}, doi = {10.1080/10463283.2014.923177}, pages = {71 -- 106}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @article{ProtGentileAndersonetal.2014, author = {Prot, Sara and Gentile, Douglas A. and Anderson, Craig A. and Suzuki, Kanae and Swing, Edward and Lim, Kam Ming and Horiuchi, Yukiko and Jelic, Margareta and Krah{\´e}, Barbara and Wei Liuqing, and Liau, Albert K. and Khoo, Angeline and Petrescu, Poesis Diana and Sakamoto, Akira and Tajima, Sachi and Toma, Roxana Andreea and Warburton, Wayne and Zhang, Xuemin and Lam, Ben Chun Pan}, title = {Long-term relations among prosocial-media use, empathy, and prosocial behavior}, series = {Psychological science : research, theory, \& application in psychology and related sciences}, volume = {25}, journal = {Psychological science : research, theory, \& application in psychology and related sciences}, number = {2}, publisher = {Sage Publ.}, address = {Thousand Oaks}, issn = {0956-7976}, doi = {10.1177/0956797613503854}, pages = {358 -- 368}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Despite recent growth of research on the effects of prosocial media, processes underlying these effects are not well understood. Two studies explored theoretically relevant mediators and moderators of the effects of prosocial media on helping. Study 1 examined associations among prosocial- and violent-media use, empathy, and helping in samples from seven countries. Prosocial-media use was positively associated with helping. This effect was mediated by empathy and was similar across cultures. Study 2 explored longitudinal relations among prosocial-video-game use, violent-video-game use, empathy, and helping in a large sample of Singaporean children and adolescents measured three times across 2 years. Path analyses showed significant longitudinal effects of prosocial- and violent-video-game use on prosocial behavior through empathy. Latent-growth-curve modeling for the 2-year period revealed that change in video-game use significantly affected change in helping, and that this relationship was mediated by change in empathy.}, language = {en} } @article{Krahe2014, author = {Krah{\´e}, Barbara}, title = {Predicting sexual aggression in male college students in Brazil}, series = {Psychology of men \& masculinity}, volume = {15}, journal = {Psychology of men \& masculinity}, number = {2}, publisher = {American Psychological Association}, address = {Washington}, issn = {1524-9220}, doi = {10.1037/a0032789}, pages = {152 -- 162}, year = {2014}, abstract = {The study is the first to provide data on risk factors for sexual aggression in male college students in Brazil. A total of N = 286 participants took part in the study, of whom a subsample of n = 120 participated in two measurements separated by a 6-month interval. Cognitive (i.e., risky sexual scripts, normative beliefs), behavioral (i.e., pornography use, sexual behavior patterns), and biographical (i.e., childhood abuse) risk factors were linked to sexual aggression both cross-sectionally and longitudinally, with the path models for the cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses demonstrating good fit with the data consistent with the hypotheses. The extent to which risk factors for sexual aggression (alcohol consumption, casual sex, and ambiguous communication) were included and normatively accepted in participants' cognitive scripts for consensual sex was linked to sexual aggression through risky sexual behavior. Risky sexual behavior was further predicted by childhood abuse, and pornography use was linked to sexual aggression via risky sexual scripts. The findings contribute evidence from Brazil to the international database on risk factors for sexual aggression in male college students.}, language = {en} } @article{LangeKrahe2014, author = {Lange, Jens and Krah{\´e}, Barbara}, title = {The effects of information form and domain-specific knowledge on choice deferral}, series = {Journal of economic psychology : research in economic psychology and behavioral economics}, volume = {43}, journal = {Journal of economic psychology : research in economic psychology and behavioral economics}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0167-4870}, doi = {10.1016/j.joep.2014.05.001}, pages = {92 -- 104}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Three studies examined the effect of information form on choice deferral in consumer choice and explored the moderating role of knowledge about the product domain. Two theoretical approaches were contrasted: (1) The process approach predicting that choice deferral varies as a function of information form, and (2) the communication approach predicting an interaction of information form and domain-specific knowledge. Participants were presented with different laptops described in an absolute (e.g. '300 GB hard disc'), evaluative-numerical (e.g. 'hard disc with 30 out of 100 points in an expert rating') or evaluative-verbal (e.g. 'bad hard disc') information form, and they could choose to buy one of the laptops or defer. Domain-specific knowledge was also assessed. In Study 1, evaluative-numerical and evaluative-verbal values led to more deferral in people with high domain-specific knowledge. The pattern for evaluative-numerical and evaluative-verbal values was replicated for a different information organization in Study 2. Study 3 showed that absolute values led to more deferral the less knowledgeable participants were and demonstrated that domain-specific knowledge and deferral were unrelated when absolute and evaluative-verbal values were presented in combination. In sum, the results support the communication approach and have methodological implications for decision research and theoretical implications for understanding choice deferral in real-life decisions. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @misc{KraheTomaszewskaKuyperetal.2014, author = {Krah{\´e}, Barbara and Tomaszewska, Paulina and Kuyper, Lisette and Vanwesenbeeck, Ine}, title = {Prevalence of sexual aggression among young people in Europe: a review of the evidence from 27 EU countries}, series = {Aggression and violent behavior : a review journa}, volume = {19}, journal = {Aggression and violent behavior : a review journa}, number = {5}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {1359-1789}, doi = {10.1016/j.avb.2014.07.005}, pages = {545 -- 558}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Sexual aggression poses a serious threat to the sexual well-being of young people. This paper documents the available evidence on the prevalence of sexual aggression perpetration and victimization from 27 EU countries, established as part of the Youth Sexual Aggression and Victimization (Y-SAV) project. A total of N = 113 studies were identified through a systematic review of the literature and consultations with experts in each country. Despite differences in the number of available studies, methodology, and sample composition, the review shows substantial prevalence rates of sexual aggression perpetration and victimization across Europe. A wide variation was found, both within and between countries. The lifetime prevalence rates of female sexual victimization, excluding childhood sexual abuse, ranged from 9 to 83\%, the rates of male sexual victimization ranged from 2 to 66\%, the rates of male sexual aggression ranged from 0 to 80\%, and the range of female sexual aggression ranged from 0.8 to 40\%. One-year prevalence rates showed a similar variability. Conceptual and methodological problems in the database are discussed, and an outline is presented for a more harmonized approach to studying the scale of sexual aggression among young people in Europe. (c) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{KraheBusching2014, author = {Krah{\´e}, Barbara and Busching, Robert}, title = {Interplay of normative beliefs and behavior in developmental patterns of physical and relational aggression in adolescence: a four-wave longitudinal study}, series = {Frontiers in psychology}, volume = {5}, journal = {Frontiers in psychology}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-1078}, doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01146}, pages = {11}, year = {2014}, abstract = {In a longitudinal study with N = 1,854 adolescents from Germany, we investigated patterns of change and gender differences in physical and relational aggression in relation to normative beliefs about these two forms of aggression. Participants, whose mean age was 13 years at T1, completed self-report measures of physically and relationally aggressive behavior and indicated their normative approval of both forms of aggression at four data waves separated by 12-month intervals. Boys scored higher than did girls on both forms of aggression, but the gender difference was more pronounced for physical aggression. Physical aggression decreased and relational aggression increased over the four data waves in both gender groups. The normative acceptance of both forms of aggression decreased over time, with a greater decrease for the approval of physical aggression. In both gender groups, normative approval of relational aggression prospectively predicted relational aggression across all data waves, and the normative approval of physical aggression predicted physically aggressive behavior at the second and third data waves. A reciprocal reinforcement of aggressive norms and behavior was found for both forms of aggression. The findings are discussed as supporting a social information processing perspective on developmental patterns of change in physical and relational aggression in adolescence.}, language = {en} }