@misc{Wiemann2014, author = {Wiemann, Dirk}, title = {George, Rosemary Marangoly, Indian English and the Fiction of National Literature / [rezensiert von] Dirk Wiemann}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Anglistik und Amerikanistik : ZAA ; a quarterly of language, literature and culture}, volume = {62}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Anglistik und Amerikanistik : ZAA ; a quarterly of language, literature and culture}, number = {4}, publisher = {DeGruyter}, address = {T{\"u}bingen}, issn = {0044-2305}, doi = {10.1515/zaa-2014-0039}, pages = {385 -- 388}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Rezensiertes Werk George, Rosemary Marangoly, Indian English and the Fiction of National Literature - Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013. - Hb. viii, 285 pp. - (Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Anglistik und Amerikanistik ; 62(4)) ISBN 978-1-107-04000-7.}, language = {en} } @misc{vonWebskyReichetzederHocher2014, author = {von Websky, Karoline and Reichetzeder, Christoph and Hocher, Berthold}, title = {Physiology and pathophysiology of incretins in the kidney}, series = {Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension : reviews of all advances, evaluations of key references, comprehensive listing of papers}, volume = {23}, journal = {Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension : reviews of all advances, evaluations of key references, comprehensive listing of papers}, number = {1}, publisher = {Lippincott Williams \& Wilkins}, address = {Philadelphia}, issn = {1062-4821}, doi = {10.1097/01.mnh.0000437542.77175.a0}, pages = {54 -- 60}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Purpose of reviewIncretin-based therapy with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors is considered a promising therapeutic option for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cumulative evidence, mainly from preclinical animal studies, reveals that incretin-based therapies also may elicit beneficial effects on kidney function. This review gives an overview of the physiology, pathophysiology, and pharmacology of the renal incretin system.Recent findingsActivation of GLP-1R in the kidney leads to diuretic and natriuretic effects, possibly through direct actions on renal tubular cells and sodium transporters. Moreover, there is evidence that incretin-based therapy reduces albuminuria, glomerulosclerosis, oxidative stress, and fibrosis in the kidney, partially through GLP-1R-independent pathways. Molecular mechanisms by which incretins exert their renal effects are understood incompletely, thus further studies are needed.SummaryThe GLP-1R and DPP-4 are expressed in the kidney in various species. The kidney plays an important role in the excretion of incretin metabolites and most GLP-1R agonists and DPP-4 inhibitors, thus special attention is required when applying incretin-based therapy in renal impairment. Preclinical observations suggest direct renoprotective effects of incretin-based therapies in the setting of hypertension and other disorders of sodium retention, as well as in diabetic and nondiabetic nephropathy. Clinical studies are needed in order to confirm translational relevance from preclinical findings for treatment options of renal diseases.}, language = {en} } @misc{CencilNitschkeSteupetal.2014, author = {Cencil, Ugo and Nitschke, Felix and Steup, Martin and Minassian, Berge A. and Colleoni, Christophe and Ball, Steven G.}, title = {Transition from glycogen to starch metabolism in Archaeplastida}, series = {Trends in plant science}, volume = {19}, journal = {Trends in plant science}, number = {1}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {London}, issn = {1360-1385}, doi = {10.1016/j.tplants.2013.08.004}, pages = {18 -- 28}, year = {2014}, abstract = {In this opinion article we propose a scenario detailing how two crucial components have evolved simultaneously to ensure the transition of glycogen to starch in the cytosol of the Archaeplastida last common ancestor: (i) the recruitment of an enzyme from intracellular Chlamydiae pathogens to facilitate crystallization of alpha-glucan chains; and (ii) the evolution of novel types of polysaccharide (de)phosphorylating enzymes from preexisting glycogen (de)phosphorylation host pathways to allow the turnover of such crystals. We speculate that the transition to starch benefitted Archaeplastida in three ways: more carbon could be packed into osmotically inert material; the host could resume control of carbon assimilation from the chlamydial pathogen that triggered plastid endosymbiosis; and cyanobacterial photosynthate export could be integrated in the emerging Archaeplastida.}, language = {en} } @misc{Scheller2014, author = {Scheller, Henrik}, title = {Political parties and public policy in the German Lander - When parties matter}, series = {Party politics : an international journal for the study of political parties and political organizations}, volume = {20}, journal = {Party politics : an international journal for the study of political parties and political organizations}, number = {1}, publisher = {Sage Publ.}, address = {London}, issn = {1354-0688}, doi = {10.1177/1354068813510632}, pages = {147 -- 148}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @misc{TroppmannBalfanzKrachetal.2014, author = {Troppmann, Britta and Balfanz, Sabine and Krach, Christian and Baumann, Arnd and Blenau, Wolfgang}, title = {Characterization of an Invertebrate-Type Dopamine Receptor of the American Cockroach, Periplaneta americana}, series = {International journal of molecular sciences}, volume = {15}, journal = {International journal of molecular sciences}, number = {1}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1422-0067}, doi = {10.3390/ijms15010629}, pages = {629 -- 653}, year = {2014}, abstract = {We have isolated a cDNA coding for a putative invertebrate-type dopamine receptor (Peadop2) from P. americana brain by using a PCR-based strategy. The mRNA is present in samples from brain and salivary glands. We analyzed the distribution of the PeaDOP2 receptor protein with specific affinity-purified polyclonal antibodies. On Western blots, PeaDOP2 was detected in protein samples from brain, subesophageal ganglion, thoracic ganglia, and salivary glands. In immunocytochemical experiments, we detected PeaDOP2 in neurons with their somata being located at the anterior edge of the medulla bilaterally innervating the optic lobes and projecting to the ventro-lateral protocerebrum. In order to determine the functional and pharmacological properties of the cloned receptor, we generated a cell line constitutively expressing PeaDOP2. Activation of PeaDOP2-expressing cells with dopamine induced an increase in intracellular cAMP. In contrast, a C-terminally truncated splice variant of this receptor did not exhibit any functional property by itself. The molecular and pharmacological characterization of the first dopamine receptor from P. americana provides the basis for forthcoming studies focusing on the significance of the dopaminergic system in cockroach behavior and physiology.}, language = {en} } @misc{WinklerCherstvy2014, author = {Winkler, Roland G. and Cherstvy, Andrey G.}, title = {Strong and weak polyelectrolyte adsorption onto oppositely charged curved surfaces}, series = {Advances in polymer science}, volume = {255}, journal = {Advances in polymer science}, editor = {Muller, M.}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-642-40734-5; 978-3-642-40733-8}, issn = {0065-3195}, doi = {10.1007/12_2012_183}, pages = {1 -- 56}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Polyelectrolytes are macromolecules composed of charged monomers and exhibit unique properties due to the interplay of their flexibility and electrostatic interactions. In solution, they are attracted to oppositely charged surfaces and interfaces and exhibit a transition to an adsorbed state when certain conditions are met concerning the charge densities of the polymer and surface and the properties of the solution. In this review, we discuss two limiting cases for adsorption of flexible polyelectrolytes on curved surfaces: weak and strong adsorption. In the first case, adsorption is strongly influenced by the entropic degrees of freedom of a flexible polyelectrolyte. By contrast, in the strong adsorption limit, electrostatic interactions dominate, which leads to particular adsorption patterns, specifically on spherical surfaces. We discuss the corresponding theoretical approaches, applying a mean-field description for the polymer and the polymer-surface interaction. For weak adsorption, we discuss the critical adsorption behavior by exactly solvable models for planar and spherical geometries and a generic approximation scheme, which is additionally applied to cylindrical surfaces. For strong adsorption, we investigate various polyelectrolyte patterns on cylinders and spheres and evaluate their stability. The results are discussed in the light of experimental results, mostly of DNA adsorption experiments.}, language = {en} } @misc{Kreienbrink2014, author = {Kreienbrink, Anja}, title = {Complex media systems: on the role of literature in the journal "East and West" (1901 - 1923)}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Germanistik}, volume = {24}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Germanistik}, number = {3}, publisher = {Lang}, address = {Bern}, issn = {0323-7982}, pages = {673 -- 674}, year = {2014}, language = {de} } @misc{Kuerbis2014, author = {K{\"u}rbis, Holger}, title = {Stefanie Freyer: The Weimar court around 1800. A social history beyond the Myth}, series = {Deutsche Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Geschichtswissenschaft}, volume = {62}, journal = {Deutsche Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Geschichtswissenschaft}, number = {7-8}, publisher = {Metropol-Verl.}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {0044-2828}, pages = {661 -- 663}, year = {2014}, language = {de} } @misc{LandHilbert2014, author = {Land-Hilbert, Stefanie}, title = {Massacre Street}, series = {British journal of Canadian studies}, volume = {27}, journal = {British journal of Canadian studies}, number = {2}, publisher = {Liverpool Univ. Press}, address = {Liverpool}, issn = {0269-9222}, pages = {256 -- 257}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @misc{FayyazJaptokKleuser2014, author = {Fayyaz, Susann and Japtok, Lukasz and Kleuser, Burkhard}, title = {Divergent role of sphingosine 1-Phosphate on insulin resistance}, series = {Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology}, volume = {34}, journal = {Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology}, number = {1}, publisher = {Karger}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1015-8987}, doi = {10.1159/000362990}, pages = {134 -- 147}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Insulin resistance is a complex metabolic disorder in which insulin-sensitive tissues fail to respond to the physiological action of insulin. There is a strong correlation of insulin resistance and the development of type 2 diabetes both reaching epidemic proportions. Dysfunctional lipid metabolism is a hallmark of insulin resistance and a risk factor for several cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. Numerous studies in humans and rodents have shown that insulin resistance is associated with elevations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) in the plasma. Moreover, bioactive lipid intermediates such as diacylglycerol (DAG) and ceramides appear to accumulate in response to NEFA, which may interact with insulin signaling. However, recent work has also indicated that sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), a breakdown product of ceramide, modulate insulin signaling in different cell types. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge about S1P and insulin signaling in insulin sensitive cells. A specific focus is put on the action of S1P on hepatocytes, pancreatic beta-cells and skeletal muscle cells. In particular, modulation of S1P-signaling can be considered as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.}, language = {en} }