@misc{WippertWiebking2018, author = {Wippert, Pia-Maria and Wiebking, Christine}, title = {Stress and Alterations in the Pain Matrix}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {438}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-412058}, pages = {11}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The genesis of chronic pain is explained by a biopsychosocial model. It hypothesizes an interdependency between environmental and genetic factors provoking aberrant long-term changes in biological and psychological regulatory systems. Physiological effects of psychological and physical stressors may play a crucial role in these maladaptive processes. Specifically, long-term demands on the stress response system may moderate central pain processing and influence descending serotonergic and noradrenergic signals from the brainstem, regulating nociceptive processing at the spinal level. However, the underlying mechanisms of this pathophysiological interplay still remain unclear. This paper aims to shed light on possible pathways between physical (exercise) and psychological stress and the potential neurobiological consequences in the genesis and treatment of chronic pain, highlighting evolving concepts and promising research directions in the treatment of chronic pain. Two treatment forms (exercise and mindfulness-based stress reduction as exemplary therapies), their interaction, and the dose-response will be discussed in more detail, which might pave the way to a better understanding of alterations in the pain matrix and help to develop future prevention and therapeutic concepts}, language = {en} } @misc{MuellerStollCasseletal.2017, author = {M{\"u}ller, Steffen and Stoll, Josefine and Cassel, Michael and Mayer, Frank}, title = {Trunk Muscle Activity during Drop Jump Performance in Adolescent Athletes with Back Pain}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-395261}, pages = {9}, year = {2017}, abstract = {In the context of back pain, great emphasis has been placed on the importance of trunk stability, especially in situations requiring compensation of repetitive, intense loading induced during high-performance activities, e.g., jumping or landing. This study aims to evaluate trunk muscle activity during drop jump in adolescent athletes with back pain (BP) compared to athletes without back pain (NBP). Eleven adolescent athletes suffering back pain (BP: m/f: n = 4/7; 15.9 ± 1.3 y; 176 ± 11 cm; 68 ± 11 kg; 12.4 ± 10.5 h/we training) and 11 matched athletes without back pain (NBP: m/f: n = 4/7; 15.5 ± 1.3 y; 174 ± 7 cm; 67 ± 8 kg; 14.9 ± 9.5 h/we training) were evaluated. Subjects conducted 3 drop jumps onto a force plate (ground reaction force). Bilateral 12-lead SEMG (surface Electromyography) was applied to assess trunk muscle activity. Ground contact time [ms], maximum vertical jump force [N], jump time [ms] and the jump performance index [m/s] were calculated for drop jumps. SEMG amplitudes (RMS: root mean square [\%]) for all 12 single muscles were normalized to MIVC (maximum isometric voluntary contraction) and analyzed in 4 time windows (100 ms pre- and 200 ms post-initial ground contact, 100 ms pre- and 200 ms post-landing) as outcome variables. In addition, muscles were grouped and analyzed in ventral and dorsal muscles, as well as straight and transverse trunk muscles. Drop jump ground reaction force variables did not differ between NBP and BP (p > 0.05). Mm obliquus externus and internus abdominis presented higher SEMG amplitudes (1.3-1.9-fold) for BP (p < 0.05). Mm rectus abdominis, erector spinae thoracic/lumbar and latissimus dorsi did not differ (p > 0.05). The muscle group analysis over the whole jumping cycle showed statistically significantly higher SEMG amplitudes for BP in the ventral (p = 0.031) and transverse muscles (p = 0.020) compared to NBP. Higher activity of transverse, but not straight, trunk muscles might indicate a specific compensation strategy to support trunk stability in athletes with back pain during drop jumps. Therefore, exercises favoring the transverse trunk muscles could be recommended for back pain treatment.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Fliesser2018, author = {Fließer, Michael}, title = {Der Einfluss unterschiedlicher Indikatoren des sozio{\"o}konomischen Status auf R{\"u}ckenschmerz}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-42345}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-423455}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {84}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Obwohl der sozio{\"o}konomische Status (SES) eine in der Sozialepidemiologie h{\"a}ufig gebrauchte Variable darstellt, ist seine Verwendung mit methodischen Problemen verkn{\"u}pft: Seine latente Struktur f{\"u}hrt dazu, dass sich verschiedene M{\"o}glichkeiten der Operationalisierung er{\"o}ffnen. Diese reichen von klassischen Ungleichheitsindikatoren wie Bildung, Einkommen oder Berufsposition, {\"u}ber multidimensionale oder {\"u}ber Nachbarschaftsmerkmale konstruierte Indizes, bis hin zu subjektiven Statuseinsch{\"a}tzungen. Problematisch ist dies insofern, als verschiedene Indikatoren auf unterschiedlichen theoretischen Konstrukten beruhen und unterschiedliche Schlussfolgerungen erlauben. In dieser Arbeit wird deshalb in einem ersten Schritt anhand eines systematischen Reviews zum Zusammenhang von SES und R{\"u}ckenschmerzen {\"u}berpr{\"u}ft, welche Indikatoren in wissenschaftlichen Publikationen eingesetzt werden und wie die Auswahl begr{\"u}ndet wird. Das Ergebnis zeigt eine klare Pr{\"a}ferenz f{\"u}r klassische Indikatoren (Bildung, Einkommen und Berufsposition). Erl{\"a}utert wurde die jeweilige Auswahl allerdings nur in einem geringen Prozentsatz der untersuchten Artikel, obwohl die unterschiedlichen Studienergebnisse nahelegen, dass der gew{\"a}hlte Indikator einen Einfluss auf den gefundenen Zusammenhang aus{\"u}ben k{\"o}nnte. Deshalb wurde in einem weiteren Schritt {\"u}berpr{\"u}ft, wie unterschiedliche SES-Indikatoren mit der Verbesserung von R{\"u}ckenschmerzen nach einer Rehabilitation (Studie 1) und der Neuentstehung von R{\"u}ckenschmerzen (Studie 2) zusammenh{\"a}ngen. Außerdem wurde untersucht, ob ein einfaches Modell den Zusammenhang von SES und Gesundheit so darstellen kann, dass a priori abzusch{\"a}tzen ist, wie hoch der Einfluss unterschiedlicher Indikatoren auf einen bestimmten Gesundheitsoutput sein k{\"o}nnte. Es zeigt sich, dass sich der errechnete Zusammenhang zwischen den verschiedenen Indikatoren und chronischen R{\"u}ckenschmerzen erheblich unterscheidet: F{\"u}r Menschen, die bereits wegen R{\"u}ckenschmerzen in Rehabilitation waren, erwiesen sich Bildung und Berufsposition als {\"a}hnlich einflussreiche Einflussfaktoren, w{\"a}hrend f{\"u}r das Einkommen kein bedeutender Zusammenhang festgestellt werden konnte. F{\"u}r die Neuentstehung chronischer R{\"u}ckenschmerzen zeigte sich die Berufsposition als wichtigster Indikator, gefolgt von Bildung, w{\"a}hrend f{\"u}r Einkommen kein signifikanter Zusammenhang gefunden werden konnte. Folglich bestimmt die Wahl des Indikators die H{\"o}he des festgestellten Zusammenhangs stark mit. Unterschiedliche Indikatoren d{\"u}rfen deshalb nicht als austauschbar betrachtet werden und es muss bei jeder Forschungsfrage genau {\"u}berlegt werden, welcher Indikator f{\"u}r die jeweilige Fragestellung am besten verwendet werden kann. Das vorgeschlagene theoretische Modell kann dabei als Unterst{\"u}tzung dienen.}, language = {de} } @misc{AppiahDwomohMuellerHadzicetal.2017, author = {Appiah-Dwomoh, Edem Korkor and M{\"u}ller, Steffen and Hadzic, Miralem and Mayer, Frank}, title = {Star Excursion Balance Test in young athletes with back pain}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-400441}, pages = {11}, year = {2017}, abstract = {The Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) is effective in measuring dynamic postural control (DPC). This research aimed to determine whether DPC measured by the SEBT in young athletes (YA) with back pain (BP) is different from those without BP (NBP). 53 BP YA and 53 NBP YA matched for age, height, weight, training years, training sessions/week and training minutes/session were studied. Participants performed 4 practice trials after which 3 measurements in the anterior, posteromedial and posterolateral SEBT reach directions were recorded. Normalized reach distance was analyzed using the mean of all 3 measurements. There was no statistical significant difference (p > 0.05) between the reach distance of BP (87.2 ± 5.3, 82.4 ± 8.2, 78.7 ± 8.1) and NBP (87.8 ± 5.6, 82.4 ± 8.0, 80.0 ± 8.8) in the anterior, posteromedial and posterolateral directions respectively. DPC in YA with BP, as assessed by the SEBT, was not different from NBP YA.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{AppiahDwomoh2019, author = {Appiah-Dwomoh, Edem Korkor}, title = {Postural control and back pain in adolescent athletes}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-44269}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-442692}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {VI, 77, X}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Back pain is a problem in adolescent athletes affecting postural control which is an important requirement for physical and daily activities whether under static or dynamic conditions. One leg stance and star excursion balance postural control tests are effective in measuring static and dynamic postural control respectively. These tests have been used in individuals with back pain, athletes and non-athletes without first establishing their reliabilities. In addition to this, there is no published literature investigating dynamic posture in adolescent athletes with back pain using the star excursion balance test. Therefore, the aim of the thesis was to assess deficit in postural control in adolescent athletes with and without back pain using static (one leg stance test) and dynamic postural (SEBT) control tests. Adolescent athletes with and without back pain participated in the study. Static and dynamic postural control tests were performed using one leg stance and SEBT respectively. The reproducibility of both tests was established. Afterwards, it was determined whether there was an association between static and dynamic posture using the measure of displacement of the centre pressure and reach distance respectively. Finally, it was investigated whether there was a difference in postural control in adolescent athletes with and without back pain using the one leg stance test and the SEBT. Fair to excellent reliabilities was recorded for the static (one leg stance) and dynamic (star excursion balance) postural control tests in the subjects of interest. No association was found between variables of the static and dynamic tests for the adolescent athletes with and without back pain. Also, no statistically significant difference was obtained between adolescent athletics with and without back pain using the static and dynamic postural control test. One leg stance test and SEBT can be used as measures of postural control in adolescent athletes with and without back pain. Although static and dynamic postural control might be related, adolescent athletes with and without back pain might be using different mechanisms in controlling their static and dynamic posture. Consequently, static and dynamic postural control in adolescent athletes with back pain was not different from those without back pain. These outcome measures might not be challenging enough to detect deficit in postural control in our study group of interest.}, language = {en} }