@article{SinghKushwahSinghetal.2022,
  author    = {Singh, Gaurav and Kushwah, Gaurav Singh and Singh, Tanvi and Thapa, Rohit Kumar and Granacher, Urs and Ramirez-Campillo, Rodrigo},
  title     = {Effects of sand-based plyometric-jump training in combination with endurance running on outdoor or treadmill surface on physical fitness in young adult males},
  series = {Journal of sports science \& medicine},
  volume    = {21},
  journal   = {Journal of sports science \& medicine},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Faculty of Uludag University},
  address   = {Bursa},
  issn      = {1303-2968},
  doi       = {10.52082/jssm.2022.277},
  pages     = {277 -- 286},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {This study aimed at examining the effects of nine weeks of sand-based plyometric jump training (PJT) combined with endurance running on either outdoor or treadmill surface on measures of physical fitness. Male participants (age, 20.1 +/- 1.7 years) were randomly assigned to a sand-based PJT combined with endurance running on outdoor surface (OT, n = 25) or treadmill surface (TT, n = 25). The endurance miming intervention comprised a mixed training method, i.e., long slow distance, tempo, and interval running drills. A control group was additionally included in this study (CG, n = 25). Participants in CG followed their regular physical activity as OT and TT but did not receive any specific intervention. Individuals were assessed for their 50-m linear sprint time, standing long jump (SLJ) distance, cardiorespiratory fitness (i.e., Cooper test), forced vital capacity (FVC), calf girth, and resting heart rate (RHR). A three (groups: OT, TT, CG) by two (time: pre, post) ANOVA for repeated measures was used to analyze the exercise-specific effects. In case of significant group-by-time interactions, Bonferroni adjusted paired (within-group) and independent (between-group comparisons at post) t-tests were used for post-hoc analyses. Significant group-by-time interactions were found for all dependent variables (p < 0.001 - 0.002, eta(2)(p) = 0.16 - 0.78). Group-specific post-hoc tests showed improvements for all variables after OT (p < 0.001, Hedges'g effect size [g] = 0.05 - 1.94) and TT (p < 0.001, g = 0.04 - 2.73), but not in the CG (p = 0.058 - 1.000, g = 0.00 - 0.34). Compared to CG, OT showed larger SLJ (p = 0.001), cardiorespiratory fitness (p = 0.004), FVC (p = 0.008), and RHR (p < 0.001) improvements. TT showed larger improvements in SLJ (p = 0.036), cardiorespiratory fitness (p < 0.001), and RHR (p < 0.001) compared with CG. Compared to OT, TT showed larger improvements for SLJ (p = 0.018). In conclusion, sand-based PJT combined with either OT or TT similarly improved most measures of physical fitness, with greater SLJ improvement after TT. Coaches may use both concurrent exercise regimes based on preferences and logistical constrains (e.g., weather; access to treadmill equipment).},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PerezChaparroKangasZechetal.2022,
  author    = {P{\´e}rez Chaparro, Camilo Germ{\´a}n Alberto and Kangas, Maria and Zech, Philipp and Schuch, Felipe B. and Rapp, Michael A. and Heißel, Andreas},
  title     = {Recreational exercise is associated with lower prevalence of depression and anxiety and better quality of life in German people living with HIV},
  series = {AIDS care : psychological and socio-medical aspects of AIDS/HIV},
  volume    = {34},
  journal   = {AIDS care : psychological and socio-medical aspects of AIDS/HIV},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Taylor \& Francis Group},
  address   = {London [u.a.]},
  issn      = {1360-0451},
  doi       = {10.1080/09540121.2021.1889951},
  pages     = {182 -- 187},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Sedentarism is a risk factor for depression and anxiety. People living with the human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) have a higher prevalence of anxiety and depression compared to HIV-negative individuals. This cross-sectional study (n = 450, median age 44 (19-75), 7.3\% females) evaluates the prevalence rates and prevalence ratio (PR) of anxiety and/or depression in PLWH associated with recreational exercise. A decreased likelihood of having anxiety (PR=0.57; 0.36-0.91; p = 0.01), depression (PR=0.41; 0.36-0.94; p=0.01), and comorbid anxiety and depression (PR = 0,43; 0.24-0.75; p=0.002) was found in exercising compared to non-exercising PLWH. Recreational exercise is associated with a lower risk for anxiety and/or depression. Further prospective studies are needed to provide insights on the direction of this association.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Timme2023,
  author    = {Timme, Sinika},
  title     = {Affective responses during exercise and situated exercise-related decision-making},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-61432},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-614323},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {V, 123},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {The field of exercise psychology has established robust evidence on the health benefits of physical activity. However, interventions to promote sustained exercise behavior have often proven ineffective. This dissertation addresses challenges in the field, particularly the neglect of situated and affective processes in understanding and changing exercise behavior. Dual process models, considering both rational and affective processes, have gained recognition. The Affective Reflective Theory of Physical Inactivity and Exercise (ART) is a notable model in this context, positing that situated processes in-the-moment of choice influence exercise decisions and subsequent exercise behavior. The dissertation identifies current challenges within exercise psychology and proposes methodological and theoretical advancements. It emphasizes the importance of momentary affective states and situated processes, offering alternatives to self-reported measures and advocating for a more comprehensive modeling of individual variability. The focus is on the affective processes during exercise, theorized to reappear in momentary decision-making, shaping overall exercise behavior. The first publication introduces a new method by using automated facial action analysis to measure variable affective responses during exercise. It explores how these behavioral indicators covary with self-reported measures of affective valence and perceived exertion. The second publication delves into situated processes at the moment of choice between exercise and non-exercise options, revealing that intraindividual factors play a crucial role in explaining exercise-related choices. The third publication presents an open-source research tool, the Decisional Preferences in Exercising Test (DPEX), designed to capture repeated situated decisions and predict exercise behavior based on past experiences. The findings challenge previous assumptions and provide insights into the complex interplay of affective responses, situated processes, and exercise choices. The dissertation underscores the need for individualized interventions that manipulate affective responses during exercise and calls for systematic testing to establish causal links to automatic affective processes and subsequent exercise behavior. This dissertation highlights the necessity for methodological and conceptual refinements in understanding and promoting exercise behavior, ultimately contributing to the broader goal of combating increasing inactivity trends.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Hass2023,
  author    = {Haß, Ulrike},
  title     = {Vergleich anti-inflammatorischer Ern{\"a}hrungsstrategien auf Inflammation und Muskelfunktion bei {\"a}lteren Erwachsenen},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-61197},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-611976},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {VIII, 101, XV},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Mit dem Alter kann eine Zunahme leichtgradiger Entz{\"u}ndungsprozesse beobachtet werden, von denen angenommen wird, dass sie den typischen, altersbedingten Verlust an Muskelmasse, -kraft und -funktion „befeuern". Diese als Inflammaging bezeichneten Prozesse k{\"o}nnen auf ein komplexes Zusammenspiel aus einem dysfunktionalen (viszeralen) Fettgewebe, einer Dysbiose und damit einhergehender mikrobiellen Translokation und geringeren Abwehrf{\"a}higkeit sowie einer insgesamt zunehmenden Immunseneszenz zur{\"u}ckgef{\"u}hrt werden. In Summa beg{\"u}nstigt ein pro-inflammatorisches Milieu metabolische St{\"o}rungen und chronische, altersassoziierte Erkrankungen, die das Entz{\"u}ndungsgeschehen aufrechterhalten oder vorantreiben. Neben einem essenziellen Bewegungsmangel tr{\"a}gt auch eine westlich gepr{\"a}gte, industrialisierte Ern{\"a}hrungsweise zum Entz{\"u}ndungsgeschehen und zur Entwicklung chronischer Erkrankungen bei. Daher liegt die Vermutung nahe, dem Entz{\"u}ndungsgeschehen mit ausreichend Bewegung und einer anti-inflammatorischen Ern{\"a}hrung entgegenzuwirken. In dieser Hinsicht werden insbesondere Omega-3-Fetts{\"a}uren (Omega-3) mit anti-inflammatorischen Eigenschaften verbunden. Obwohl ein Zusammenhang zwischen dem ern{\"a}hrungsbedingten Inflammationspotenzial bzw. der Zufuhr von Omega-3 und dem Inflammationsprofil bereits untersucht wurde, fehlen bislang Untersuchungen insbesondere bei {\"a}lteren Erwachsenen, die den Link zwischen dem Inflammationspotenzial der Ern{\"a}hrung und Sarkopenie-relevanten Muskelparametern herstellen. Aufgrund des Proteinmehrbedarfs zum Erhalt der funktionellen Muskulatur im Alter wurde bereits eine Vielzahl an Sport- und Ern{\"a}hrungsinterventionen durchgef{\"u}hrt, die eine Verbesserung des Muskelstatus mit Hilfe von strukturiertem Krafttraining und einer proteinreichen Ern{\"a}hrung zeigen. Es gibt zudem Hinweise, dass Omega-3 auch die Proteinsynthese verst{\"a}rken k{\"o}nnten. Unklar ist jedoch, inwiefern eine anti-inflammatorische Ern{\"a}hrung mit Fokus auf Omega-3 sowohl die Entz{\"u}ndungsprozesse als auch den Muskelproteinmetabolismus und die neuromuskul{\"a}re Funktionalit{\"a}t im Alter g{\"u}nstig unterst{\"u}tzen kann. Dies vor allem im Hinblick auf die Muskelleistung, die eng mit der Sturzneigung und der Autonomie im Alltag verkn{\"u}pft ist, aber in Interventionsstudien mit {\"a}lteren Erwachsenen bisher wenig Ber{\"u}cksichtigung erhielt. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus werden h{\"a}ufig progressive Trainingselemente genutzt, die nach Studienabschluss oftmals wenig Anschluss im Lebensalltag der Betroffenen finden und somit wenig nachhaltig sind. Ziel dieser Arbeit war demnach die Evaluierung einer proteinreichen und zus{\"a}tzlich mit Omega-3 supplementierten Ern{\"a}hrung in Kombination mit einem w{\"o}chentlichen Vibrationstraining und altersgem{\"a}ßen Bewegungsprogramm auf Inflammation und neuromuskul{\"a}re Funktion bei {\"a}lteren, selbst{\"a}ndig lebenden Erwachsenen. Hierzu wurden zun{\"a}chst m{\"o}gliche Zusammenh{\"a}nge zwischen dem ern{\"a}hrungsbedingten Inflammationspotenzial, ermittelt anhand des Dietary Inflammatory Index, und dem Muskelstatus sowie dem Inflammationsprofil im Alter eruiert. Dazu dienten die Ausgangswerte von {\"a}lteren, selbst{\"a}ndig lebenden Erwachsenen einer postprandialen Interventionsstudie (POST-Studie), die im Querschnitt analysiert wurden. Die Ergebnisse best{\"a}tigten, dass eine pro-inflammatorische Ern{\"a}hrung sich einerseits in einem st{\"a}rkeren Entz{\"u}ndungsgeschehen widerspiegelt und andererseits mit Sarkopenie-relevanten Parametern, wie einer geringeren Muskelmasse und Gehgeschwindigkeit, ung{\"u}nstig assoziiert ist. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus zeigten sich diese Zusammenh{\"a}nge auch in Bezug auf die Handgreifkraft bei den inaktiven, {\"a}lteren Erwachsenen der Studie. Anschließend wurde in einer explorativ ausgerichteten Pilot-Interventionsstudie (AIDA-Studie) in einem dreiarmigen Design untersucht, inwieweit sich eine Supplementierung mit Omega-3 unter Voraussetzung einer optimierten Proteinzufuhr und altersgem{\"a}ßen Sportintervention mit Vibrationstraining auf die neuromuskul{\"a}re Funktion und Inflammation bei selbst{\"a}ndig lebenden, {\"a}lteren Erwachsenen auswirkt. Nach acht Wochen Intervention zeigte sich, dass eine mit Omega-3 supplementierte, proteinreiche Ern{\"a}hrung die Muskelleistung insbesondere bei den {\"a}lteren M{\"a}nnern steigerte. W{\"a}hrend sich die Kontrollgruppe nach acht Wochen Sportintervention nicht verbesserte, best{\"a}tigte sich zus{\"a}tzlich eine Verbesserung der Beinkraft und der Testzeit beim Stuhl-Aufsteh-Test der {\"a}lteren Erwachsenen mit einer proteinreichen Ern{\"a}hrung in Kombination mit der Sportintervention. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus wurde deutlich, dass die zus{\"a}tzliche Omega-3-Supplementierung insbesondere bei den M{\"a}nnern eine Reduktion der pro-inflammatorischen Zytokine im Serum zur Folge hatte. Allerdings spiegelten sich diese Beobachtungen nicht auf Genexpressionsebene in mononukle{\"a}ren Immunzellen oder in der LPS-induzierten Sekretion der Zytokine und Chemokine in Vollblutzellkulturen wider. Dies erfordert weitere Untersuchungen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@phdthesis{Pietrek2023,
  author    = {Pietrek, Anou F.},
  title     = {Basic psychological needs and depression in the context of health and exercise},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Depressive Erkrankungen gehen mit verminderter Lebenszufriedenheit und reduzierter Arbeitsf{\"a}higkeit einher. Die Wartezeit f{\"u}r eine Psychotherapie betr{\"a}gt in Deutschland derzeit zwischen drei und sechs Monaten. Demnach besteht Bedarf an alternativen, gleichwertigen evidenzbasierten Behandlungsm{\"o}glichkeiten, die den Betroffenen niedrigschwellig zug{\"a}nglich gemacht werden. Eine Vielzahl an empirischen Studien belegt die Wirksamkeit von Sport bei leichten und mittelschweren Depressionen. Zur weiterf{\"u}hrenden Konzeption und Qualit{\"a}tssicherung von Sport als Behandlungsoption ist es notwendig die konkreten Wirkmechanismen zu verstehen. Neben physiologischen spielen auch psychologische Faktoren eine Rolle im Wirkungsgeschehen. Als Metatheorie menschlichen Erlebens und Verhaltens bietet die Selbstbestimmungstheorie (engl.: Self-Determination Theory; SDT) einen n{\"u}tzlichen Bezugsrahmen zum Verst{\"a}ndnis psychologischer Wirkmechanismen mit konkreten Ableitungen f{\"u}r die Behandlungspraktik. Die konzeptionelle Erweiterung der SDT um die Frustration psychologischer Grundbed{\"u}rfnisse erweist sich neben der Bed{\"u}rfnisbefriedigung zunehmend als hilfreich bei der Untersuchung von psychischen Erkrankungen. Der erste Teil dieser Dissertation besteht aus zwei Publikationen, die relevante Messinstrumente in dem genannten Kontext validieren. Der erste Fragebogen misst das Ausmaß an allgemein erlebter Befriedigung und Frustration der psychologischen Grundbed{\"u}rfnisse nach Autonomie, Kompetenz und sozialer Eingebundenheit. Der zweite Fragebogen erhebt die erlebte Bed{\"u}rfnisbefriedigung durch die anleitende Person (hier: Sporttherapeut*in). Der zweite Teil der Dissertation umfasst zwei Publikationen, welche die Befriedigung und Frustration der psychologischen Grundbed{\"u}rfnisse bei depressiven Symptomen untersuchen und einordnen. Es werden die Unterschiede im Ausmaß an Bed{\"u}rfnisbefriedigung und Bed{\"u}rfnisfrustration zwischen einer Stichprobe mit Depression mit einer Stichprobe ohne depressive Symptome untersucht. Der Zusammenhang zwischen Bed{\"u}rfnisfrustration und depressiven Symptomen wird im Kontext etablierter pathologischer Prozesse (Emotionsdysregulation, Rumination) eingeordnet. Die Hauptergebnisse dieser Arbeiten zeigen, dass die SDT durch die Erweiterung der Basic Psychological Needs Theory um die Dimension der Bed{\"u}rfnisfrustration ein nun breiteres Spektrum auf dem Gesundheit-Krankheit-Kontinuum abbildet. Dabei fokussiert die SDT auf die psychologische Wirkung von sozialen Umwelten. Neben der Nichterf{\"u}llung der psychologischen Grundbed{\"u}rfnisse ist es vor allem die Bed{\"u}rfnisfrustration, die einen allgemeinen Vulnerabilit{\"a}tsfaktor f{\"u}r das Vorkommen psychologischer Erkrankungen darstellt. Zudem weist die unausgewogene Befriedigung der psychologischen Grundbed{\"u}rfnisse m{\"o}glicherweise auf ein konflikthaftes Erleben zwischen den Bed{\"u}rfnissen hin. F{\"u}r die Behandlungspraktik abzuleiten ist, dass eine autonomieunterst{\"u}tzende Atmosph{\"a}re, die die ausgewogene Befriedigung aller drei Bed{\"u}rfnisse erm{\"o}glicht, zentral f{\"u}r den Behandlungserfolg ist.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MuellerMuellerStolletal.2022,
  author    = {Mueller, Steffen and Mueller, Juliane and Stoll, Josefine and Mayer, Frank},
  title     = {Effect of six-week resistance and sensorimotor training on trunk strength and stability in elite adolescent athletes},
  series = {Frontiers in physiology},
  volume    = {13},
  journal   = {Frontiers in physiology},
  publisher = {Frontiers Media},
  address   = {Lausanne},
  issn      = {1664-042X},
  doi       = {10.3389/fphys.2022.802315},
  pages     = {10},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Intervention in the form of core-specific stability exercises is evident to improve trunk stability. The purpose was to assess the effect of an additional 6 weeks sensorimotor or resistance training on maximum isokinetic trunk strength and response to sudden dynamic trunk loading (STL) in highly trained adolescent athletes. The study was conducted as a single-blind, 3-armed randomized controlled trial. Twenty-four adolescent athletes (14f/10 m, 16 +/- 1 yrs.;178 +/- 10 cm; 67 +/- 11 kg; training sessions/week 15 +/- 5; training h/week 22 +/- 8) were randomized into resistance training (RT; n = 7), sensorimotor training (SMT; n = 10), and control group (CG; n = 7). Athletes were instructed to perform standardized, center-based training for 6 weeks, two times per week, with a duration of 1 h each session. SMT consisted of four different core-specific sensorimotor exercises using instable surfaces. RT consisted of four trunk strength exercises using strength training machines, as well as an isokinetic dynamometer. All participants in the CG received an unspecific heart frequency controlled, ergometer-based endurance training (50 min at max. heart frequency of 130HF). For each athlete, each training session was documented in an individual training diary (e.g., level of SMT exercise; 1RM for strength exercise, pain). At baseline (M1) and after 6 weeks of intervention (M2), participants' maximum strength in trunk rotation (ROM:63 degrees) and flexion/extension (ROM:55 degrees) was tested on an isokinetic dynamometer (concentric/eccentric 30 degrees/s). STL was assessed in eccentric (30 degrees/s) mode with additional dynamometer-induced perturbation as a marker of core stability. Peak torque [Nm] was calculated as the main outcome. The primary outcome measurements (trunk rotation/extension peak torque: con, ecc, STL) were statistically analyzed by means of the two-factor repeated measures analysis of variance (alpha = 0.05). Out of 12 possible sessions, athletes participated between 8 and 9 sessions (SMT: 9 +/- 3; RT: 8 +/- 3; CG: 8 +/- 4). Regarding main outcomes of trunk performance, experimental groups showed no significant pre-post difference for maximum trunk strength testing as well as for perturbation compensation (p > 0.05). It is concluded, that future interventions should exceed 6 weeks duration with at least 2 sessions per week to induce enhanced trunk strength or compensatory response to sudden, high-intensity trunk loading in already highly trained adolescent athletes, regardless of training regime.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KangasHeissel2020,
  author    = {Kangas, Maria and Heissel, Andreas},
  title     = {Mental health literacy, treatment preferences and the lived experience of mental health problems in an Australian cancer sample},
  series = {Psycho-oncology},
  volume    = {29},
  journal   = {Psycho-oncology},
  number    = {11},
  publisher = {Wiley},
  address   = {New York, NY},
  issn      = {1057-9249},
  doi       = {10.1002/pon.5520},
  pages     = {1883 -- 1894},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Objectives: The prevalence rates for mental health (MH) problems in cancer patients is high, although reduced uptake of services may be influenced by mental health literacy (MHL). The objective of this study was to investigate the MHL for depression and panic disorder (PD), including treatment preferences in Australian adults who had been diagnosed and treated for cancer, and whether MHL and treatment preferences was influenced by sex, age, and individuals' lived MH experience. Method: A total of 421 cancer survivors (n = 378 females) completed a self-report survey. Participants were asked to specify whether they had a lived experience with anxiety and/or depression, and to indicate treatment preferences for managing cancer-related distress. Two vignettes were administered to assess MHL for depression and PD. Results: The MHL accuracy for depression was higher than PD. Accuracy rates were higher for females with a lived experience with anxiety and/or depression; although the accuracy rate for PD was significantly lower in males. A high proportion of individuals preferred exercise and in-person counselling to manage depression and PD. Internet-based therapies were not strongly preferred for managing MH problems. Conclusions: The MHL for depression and PD is moderate for adult cancer survivors, with higher levels indicated for individuals with a personal lived experience with anxiety and/or depression. Public health campaigns for enhancing MHL should broaden to include individuals experiencing comorbid physical health conditions. Health providers also need to take into account client preferences for evidence-based therapies.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{RamirezCampilloMoranOliveretal.2022,
  author    = {Ramirez-Campillo, Rodrigo and Moran, Jason and Oliver, Jonathan L. and Pedley, Jason S. and Lloyd, Rhodri S. and Granacher, Urs},
  title     = {Programming Plyometric-Jump Training in Soccer: A Review},
  series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  number    = {813},
  issn      = {1866-8364},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-58103},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-581031},
  pages     = {20},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {The aim of this review was to describe and summarize the scientific literature on programming parameters related to jump or plyometric training in male and female soccer players of different ages and fitness levels. A literature search was conducted in the electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus using keywords related to the main topic of this study (e.g., "ballistic" and "plyometric"). According to the PICOS framework, the population for the review was restricted to soccer players, involved in jump or plyometric training. Among 7556 identified studies, 90 were eligible for inclusion. Only 12 studies were found for females. Most studies (n = 52) were conducted with youth male players. Moreover, only 35 studies determined the effectiveness of a given jump training programming factor. Based on the limited available research, it seems that a dose of 7 weeks (1-2 sessions per week), with ~80 jumps (specific of combined types) per session, using near-maximal or maximal intensity, with adequate recovery between repetitions (<15 s), sets (≥30 s) and sessions (≥24-48 h), using progressive overload and taper strategies, using appropriate surfaces (e.g., grass), and applied in a well-rested state, when combined with other training methods, would increase the outcome of effective and safe plyometric-jump training interventions aimed at improving soccer players physical fitness. In conclusion, jump training is an effective and easy-to-administer training approach for youth, adult, male and female soccer players. However, optimal programming for plyometric-jump training in soccer is yet to be determined in future research.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RamirezCampilloMoranOliveretal.2022,
  author    = {Ramirez-Campillo, Rodrigo and Moran, Jason and Oliver, Jonathan L. and Pedley, Jason S. and Lloyd, Rhodri S. and Granacher, Urs},
  title     = {Programming Plyometric-Jump Training in Soccer: A Review},
  series = {Sports},
  volume    = {10},
  journal   = {Sports},
  edition   = {6},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel, Schweiz},
  issn      = {2075-4663},
  doi       = {10.3390/sports10060094},
  pages     = {1 -- 20},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {The aim of this review was to describe and summarize the scientific literature on programming parameters related to jump or plyometric training in male and female soccer players of different ages and fitness levels. A literature search was conducted in the electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus using keywords related to the main topic of this study (e.g., "ballistic" and "plyometric"). According to the PICOS framework, the population for the review was restricted to soccer players, involved in jump or plyometric training. Among 7556 identified studies, 90 were eligible for inclusion. Only 12 studies were found for females. Most studies (n = 52) were conducted with youth male players. Moreover, only 35 studies determined the effectiveness of a given jump training programming factor. Based on the limited available research, it seems that a dose of 7 weeks (1-2 sessions per week), with ~80 jumps (specific of combined types) per session, using near-maximal or maximal intensity, with adequate recovery between repetitions (<15 s), sets (≥30 s) and sessions (≥24-48 h), using progressive overload and taper strategies, using appropriate surfaces (e.g., grass), and applied in a well-rested state, when combined with other training methods, would increase the outcome of effective and safe plyometric-jump training interventions aimed at improving soccer players physical fitness. In conclusion, jump training is an effective and easy-to-administer training approach for youth, adult, male and female soccer players. However, optimal programming for plyometric-jump training in soccer is yet to be determined in future research.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{DelfanJuybariGorganiFiruzjaeeetal.2022,
  author    = {Delfan, Maryam and Juybari, Raheleh Amadeh and Gorgani-Firuzjaee, Sattar and Nielsen, Jens H{\o}iriis and Delfan, Neda and Laher, Ismail and Saeidi, Ayoub and Granacher, Urs and Zouhal, Hassane},
  title     = {High-Intensity Interval Training Improves Cardiac Function by miR-206 Dependent HSP60 Induction in Diabetic Rats},
  series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  number    = {802},
  issn      = {1866-8364},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-56723},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-567238},
  pages     = {11},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Objective: A role for microRNAs is implicated in several biological and pathological processes. We investigated the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on molecular markers of diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats. Methods: Eighteen male Wistar rats (260 ± 10 g; aged 8 weeks) with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus (55 mg/kg, IP) were randomly allocated to three groups: control, MICT, and HIIT. The two different training protocols were performed 5 days each week for 5 weeks. Cardiac performance (end-systolic and end-diastolic dimensions, ejection fraction), the expression of miR-206, HSP60, and markers of apoptosis (cleaved PARP and cytochrome C) were determined at the end of the exercise interventions. Results: Both exercise interventions (HIIT and MICT) decreased blood glucose levels and improved cardiac performance, with greater changes in the HIIT group (p < 0.001, η2: 0.909). While the expressions of miR-206 and apoptotic markers decreased in both training protocols (p < 0.001, η2: 0.967), HIIT caused greater reductions in apoptotic markers and produced a 20\% greater reduction in miR-206 compared with the MICT protocol (p < 0.001). Furthermore, both training protocols enhanced the expression of HSP60 (p < 0.001, η2: 0.976), with a nearly 50\% greater increase in the HIIT group compared with MICT. Conclusions: Our results indicate that both exercise protocols, HIIT and MICT, have the potential to reduce diabetic cardiomyopathy by modifying the expression of miR-206 and its downstream targets of apoptosis. It seems however that HIIT is even more effective than MICT to modulate these molecular markers.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{DelfanJuybariGorganiFiruzjaeeetal.2022,
  author    = {Delfan, Maryam and Juybari, Raheleh Amadeh and Gorgani-Firuzjaee, Sattar and Nielsen, Jens H{\o}iriis and Delfan, Neda and Laher, Ismail and Saeidi, Ayoub and Granacher, Urs and Zouhal, Hassane},
  title     = {High-Intensity Interval Training Improves Cardiac Function by miR-206 Dependent HSP60 Induction in Diabetic Rats},
  series = {Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine},
  publisher = {Frontiers},
  address   = {Lausanne, Schweiz},
  issn      = {2297-055X},
  doi       = {10.3389/fcvm.2022.927956},
  pages     = {1 -- 11},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Objective: A role for microRNAs is implicated in several biological and pathological processes. We investigated the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on molecular markers of diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats. Methods: Eighteen male Wistar rats (260 ± 10 g; aged 8 weeks) with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus (55 mg/kg, IP) were randomly allocated to three groups: control, MICT, and HIIT. The two different training protocols were performed 5 days each week for 5 weeks. Cardiac performance (end-systolic and end-diastolic dimensions, ejection fraction), the expression of miR-206, HSP60, and markers of apoptosis (cleaved PARP and cytochrome C) were determined at the end of the exercise interventions. Results: Both exercise interventions (HIIT and MICT) decreased blood glucose levels and improved cardiac performance, with greater changes in the HIIT group (p < 0.001, η2: 0.909). While the expressions of miR-206 and apoptotic markers decreased in both training protocols (p < 0.001, η2: 0.967), HIIT caused greater reductions in apoptotic markers and produced a 20\% greater reduction in miR-206 compared with the MICT protocol (p < 0.001). Furthermore, both training protocols enhanced the expression of HSP60 (p < 0.001, η2: 0.976), with a nearly 50\% greater increase in the HIIT group compared with MICT. Conclusions: Our results indicate that both exercise protocols, HIIT and MICT, have the potential to reduce diabetic cardiomyopathy by modifying the expression of miR-206 and its downstream targets of apoptosis. It seems however that HIIT is even more effective than MICT to modulate these molecular markers.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{PerezChaparro2022,
  author    = {P{\´e}rez Chaparro, Camilo Germ{\´a}n Alberto},
  title     = {Non-HIV comorbidities and exercise in German people living with HIV},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-56084},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-560842},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {149},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {The post-antiretroviral therapy era has transformed HIV into a chronic disease and non-HIV comorbidities (i.e., cardiovascular and mental diseases) are more prevalent in PLWH. The source of these non-HIV comorbidities aside from traditional risk factor include HIV infection, inflammation, distorted immune activation, burden of chronic diseases, and unhealthy lifestyle like sedentarism. Exercise is known for its beneficial effects in mental and physical health; reasons why exercise is recommended to prevent and treat difference cardiovascular and mental diseases in the general population. This cumulative thesis aimed to comprehend the relation exercise has to non-HIV comorbidities in German PLWH. Four studies were conducted to 1) understand exercise effects in cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength on PLWH through a systematic review and meta-analyses and 2) determine the likelihood of German PLWH developing non-HIV comorbidities, in a cross-sectional study. Meta-analytic examination indicates PLWH cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max SMD = 0.61 ml·kg·min-1, 95\% CI: 0.35-0.88, z = 4.47, p < 0.001, I2 = 50\%) and strength (of remark lowerbody strength by 16.8 kg, 95\% CI: 13-20.6, p< 0.001) improves after an exercise intervention in comparison to a control group. Cross-sectional data suggest exercise has a positive effect on German PLWH mental health (less anxiety and depressive symptoms) and protects against the development of anxiety (PR: 0.57, 95\%IC: 0.36 - 0.91, p = 0.01) and depression (PR: 0.62, 95\%IC: 0.41 - 0.94, p = 0.01). Likewise, exercise duration is related to a lower likelihood of reporting heart arrhythmias (PR: 0.20, 95\%IC: 0.10 - 0.60, p < 0.01) and exercise frequency to a lower likelihood of reporting diabetes mellitus (PR: 0.40, 95\%IC: 0.10 - 1, p < 0.01) in German PLWH. A preliminary recommendation for German PLWH who want to engage in exercise can be to exercise ≥ 1 time per week, at an intensity of 5 METs per session or > 103 MET·min·day-1, with a duration ≥ 150 minutes per week. Nevertheless, further research is needed to comprehend exercise dose response and protective effect for cardiovascular diseases, anxiety, and depression in German PLWH.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{BrandNosratSpaethetal.2022,
  author    = {Brand, Ralf and Nosrat, Sanaz and Sp{\"a}th, Constantin and Timme, Sinika},
  title     = {Using COVID-19 Pandemic as a Prism: A Systematic Review of Methodological Approaches and the Quality of Empirical Studies on Physical Activity Behavior Change},
  series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {1866-8364},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-56362},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-563625},
  pages     = {1 -- 17},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of scientific endeavors. The goal of this systematic review is to evaluate the quality of the research on physical activity (PA) behavior change and its potential to contribute to policy-making processes in the early days of COVID-19 related restrictions. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of methodological quality of current research according to PRISMA guidelines using Pubmed and Web of Science, of articles on PA behavior change that were published within 365 days after COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). Items from the JBI checklist and the AXIS tool were used for additional risk of bias assessment. Evidence mapping is used for better visualization of the main results. Conclusions about the significance of published articles are based on hypotheses on PA behavior change in the light of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: Among the 1,903 identified articles, there were 36\% opinion pieces, 53\% empirical studies, and 9\% reviews. Of the 332 studies included in the systematic review, 213 used self-report measures to recollect prepandemic behavior in often small convenience samples. Most focused changes in PA volume, whereas changes in PA types were rarely measured. The majority had methodological reporting flaws. Few had very large samples with objective measures using repeated measure design (pre and during the pandemic). In addition to the expected decline in PA duration, these studies show that many of those who were active prepandemic, continued to be active during the pandemic. Conclusions: Research responded quickly at the onset of the pandemic. However, most of the studies lacked robust methodology, and PA behavior change data lacked the accuracy needed to guide policy makers. To improve the field, we propose the implementation of longitudinal cohort studies by larger organizations such as WHO to ease access to data on PA behavior, and suggest those institutions set clear standards for this research. Researchers need to ensure a better fit between the measurement method and the construct being measured, and use both objective and subjective measures where appropriate to complement each other and provide a comprehensive picture of PA behavior.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{BrandNosratSpaethetal.2022,
  author    = {Brand, Ralf and Nosrat, Sanaz and Sp{\"a}th, Constantin and Timme, Sinika},
  title     = {Using COVID-19 Pandemic as a Prism: A Systematic Review of Methodological Approaches and the Quality of Empirical Studies on Physical Activity Behavior Change},
  series = {Frontiers in Sports and Active Living},
  volume    = {4},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Sports and Active Living},
  publisher = {Frontiers},
  address   = {Lausanne, Schweiz},
  issn      = {2624-9367},
  doi       = {10.3389/fspor.2022.864468},
  pages     = {1 -- 17},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of scientific endeavors. The goal of this systematic review is to evaluate the quality of the research on physical activity (PA) behavior change and its potential to contribute to policy-making processes in the early days of COVID-19 related restrictions. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of methodological quality of current research according to PRISMA guidelines using Pubmed and Web of Science, of articles on PA behavior change that were published within 365 days after COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). Items from the JBI checklist and the AXIS tool were used for additional risk of bias assessment. Evidence mapping is used for better visualization of the main results. Conclusions about the significance of published articles are based on hypotheses on PA behavior change in the light of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: Among the 1,903 identified articles, there were 36\% opinion pieces, 53\% empirical studies, and 9\% reviews. Of the 332 studies included in the systematic review, 213 used self-report measures to recollect prepandemic behavior in often small convenience samples. Most focused changes in PA volume, whereas changes in PA types were rarely measured. The majority had methodological reporting flaws. Few had very large samples with objective measures using repeated measure design (pre and during the pandemic). In addition to the expected decline in PA duration, these studies show that many of those who were active prepandemic, continued to be active during the pandemic. Conclusions: Research responded quickly at the onset of the pandemic. However, most of the studies lacked robust methodology, and PA behavior change data lacked the accuracy needed to guide policy makers. To improve the field, we propose the implementation of longitudinal cohort studies by larger organizations such as WHO to ease access to data on PA behavior, and suggest those institutions set clear standards for this research. Researchers need to ensure a better fit between the measurement method and the construct being measured, and use both objective and subjective measures where appropriate to complement each other and provide a comprehensive picture of PA behavior.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{EngelSchraplauWochatzetal.2021,
  author    = {Engel, Tilman and Schraplau, Anne and Wochatz, Monique and Kopinski, Stephan and Sonnenburg, Dominik and Schom{\"o}ller, Anne and Risch, Lucie and Kaplick, Hannes and Mayer, Frank},
  title     = {Feasability of An Eccentric Isokinetic Protocol to Induce Trunk Muscle Damage: A Pilot Study},
  series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {1866-8364},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-55740},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-557409},
  pages     = {E9 -- E17},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Eccentric exercise is discussed as a treatment option for clinical populations, but specific responses in terms of muscle damage and systemic inflammation after repeated loading of large muscle groups have not been conclusively characterized. Therefore, this study tested the feasibility of an isokinetic protocol for repeated maximum eccentric loading of the trunk muscles. Nine asymptomatic participants (5 f/4 m; 34±6 yrs; 175±13 cm; 76±17 kg) performed three isokinetic 2-minute all-out trunk strength tests (1x concentric (CON), 2x eccentric (ECC1, ECC2), 2 weeks apart; flexion/extension, 60°/s, ROM 55°). Outcomes were peak torque, torque decline, total work, and indicators of muscle damage and inflammation (over 168 h). Statistics were done using the Friedman test (Dunn's post-test). For ECC1 and ECC2, peak torque and total work were increased and torque decline reduced compared to CON. Repeated ECC bouts yielded unaltered torque and work outcomes. Muscle damage markers were highest after ECC1 (soreness 48 h, creatine kinase 72 h; p<0.05). Their overall responses (area under the curve) were abolished post-ECC2 compared to post-ECC1 (p<0.05). Interleukin-6 was higher post-ECC1 than CON, and attenuated post-ECC2 (p>0.05). Interleukin-10 and tumor necrosis factor-α were not detectable. All markers showed high inter-individual variability. The protocol was feasible to induce muscle damage indicators after exercising a large muscle group, but the pilot results indicated only weak systemic inflammatory responses in asymptomatic adults.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EngelSchraplauWochatzetal.2021,
  author    = {Engel, Tilman and Schraplau, Anne and Wochatz, Monique and Kopinski, Stephan and Sonnenburg, Dominik and Schom{\"o}ller, Anne and Risch, Lucie and Kaplick, Hannes and Mayer, Frank},
  title     = {Feasability of An Eccentric Isokinetic Protocol to Induce Trunk Muscle Damage: A Pilot Study},
  series = {Sports Medicine International Open},
  volume    = {6},
  journal   = {Sports Medicine International Open},
  edition   = {1},
  publisher = {Thieme},
  address   = {Stuttgart},
  issn      = {2367-1890},
  doi       = {10.1055/a-1757-6724},
  pages     = {E9 -- E17},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Eccentric exercise is discussed as a treatment option for clinical populations, but specific responses in terms of muscle damage and systemic inflammation after repeated loading of large muscle groups have not been conclusively characterized. Therefore, this study tested the feasibility of an isokinetic protocol for repeated maximum eccentric loading of the trunk muscles. Nine asymptomatic participants (5 f/4 m; 34±6 yrs; 175±13 cm; 76±17 kg) performed three isokinetic 2-minute all-out trunk strength tests (1x concentric (CON), 2x eccentric (ECC1, ECC2), 2 weeks apart; flexion/extension, 60°/s, ROM 55°). Outcomes were peak torque, torque decline, total work, and indicators of muscle damage and inflammation (over 168 h). Statistics were done using the Friedman test (Dunn's post-test). For ECC1 and ECC2, peak torque and total work were increased and torque decline reduced compared to CON. Repeated ECC bouts yielded unaltered torque and work outcomes. Muscle damage markers were highest after ECC1 (soreness 48 h, creatine kinase 72 h; p<0.05). Their overall responses (area under the curve) were abolished post-ECC2 compared to post-ECC1 (p<0.05). Interleukin-6 was higher post-ECC1 than CON, and attenuated post-ECC2 (p>0.05). Interleukin-10 and tumor necrosis factor-α were not detectable. All markers showed high inter-individual variability. The protocol was feasible to induce muscle damage indicators after exercising a large muscle group, but the pilot results indicated only weak systemic inflammatory responses in asymptomatic adults.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{PerezChaparroSchuchZechetal.2021,
  author    = {P{\´e}rez Chaparro, Camilo Germ{\´a}n Alberto and Schuch, Felipe Barreto and Zech, Philipp and Kangas, Maria and Rapp, Michael Armin and Heißel, Andreas},
  title     = {Recreational Exercising and Self-Reported Cardiometabolic Diseases in German People Living with HIV: A Cross-Sectional Study},
  series = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  volume    = {18},
  journal   = {Zweitver{\"o}ffentlichungen der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  edition   = {21},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {1866-8364},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-55204},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-552049},
  pages     = {1 -- 10},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Exercise is known for its beneficial effects on preventing cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) in the general population. People living with the human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) are prone to sedentarism, thus raising their already elevated risk of developing CMDs in comparison to individuals without HIV. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine if exercise is associated with reduced risk of self-reported CMDs in a German HIV-positive sample (n = 446). Participants completed a self-report survey to assess exercise levels, date of HIV diagnosis, CD4 cell count, antiretroviral therapy, and CMDs. Participants were classified into exercising or sedentary conditions. Generalized linear models with Poisson regression were conducted to assess the prevalence ratio (PR) of PLWH reporting a CMD. Exercising PLWH were less likely to report a heart arrhythmia for every increase in exercise duration (PR: 0.20: 95\% CI: 0.10-0.62, p < 0.01) and diabetes mellitus for every increase in exercise session per week (PR: 0.40: 95\% CI: 0.10-1, p < 0.01). Exercise frequency and duration are associated with a decreased risk of reporting arrhythmia and diabetes mellitus in PLWH. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying exercise as a protective factor for CMDs in PLWH.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{PerezChaparroSchuchZechetal.2021,
  author    = {P{\´e}rez Chaparro, Camilo Germ{\´a}n Alberto and Schuch, Felipe Barreto and Zech, Philipp and Kangas, Maria and Rapp, Michael Armin and Heißel, Andreas},
  title     = {Recreational exercising and self-reported cardiometabolic diseases in German people living with HIV},
  series = {International journal of environmental research and public health : IJERPH / Molecular Diversity Preservation International},
  volume    = {18},
  journal   = {International journal of environmental research and public health : IJERPH / Molecular Diversity Preservation International},
  number    = {21},
  publisher = {MDPI},
  address   = {Basel, Schweiz},
  issn      = {1660-4601},
  doi       = {10.3390/ijerph182111579},
  pages     = {1 -- 10},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Exercise is known for its beneficial effects on preventing cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) in the general population. People living with the human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) are prone to sedentarism, thus raising their already elevated risk of developing CMDs in comparison to individuals without HIV. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine if exercise is associated with reduced risk of self-reported CMDs in a German HIV-positive sample (n = 446). Participants completed a self-report survey to assess exercise levels, date of HIV diagnosis, CD4 cell count, antiretroviral therapy, and CMDs. Participants were classified into exercising or sedentary conditions. Generalized linear models with Poisson regression were conducted to assess the prevalence ratio (PR) of PLWH reporting a CMD. Exercising PLWH were less likely to report a heart arrhythmia for every increase in exercise duration (PR: 0.20: 95\% CI: 0.10-0.62, p < 0.01) and diabetes mellitus for every increase in exercise session per week (PR: 0.40: 95\% CI: 0.10-1, p < 0.01). Exercise frequency and duration are associated with a decreased risk of reporting arrhythmia and diabetes mellitus in PLWH. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying exercise as a protective factor for CMDs in PLWH.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{LazurasBarkoukisLoukovitisetal.2018,
  author    = {Lazuras, Lambros and Barkoukis, Vassilis and Loukovitis, Andreas and Brand, Ralf and Hudson, Andy and Mallia, Luca and Michaelides, Michalis and Muzi, Milena and Petroczi, Andrea and Zelli, Arnaldo},
  title     = {Corrigendum: "I Want It All, and I Want It Now": Lifetime Prevalence and Reasons for Using and Abstaining from Controlled Performance and Appearance Enhancing Substances (PAES) among Young Exercisers and Amateur Athletes in Five European Countries (Frontiers in psychology. - 8 (2017), 717.)},
  series = {Frontiers in psychology},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {Frontiers in psychology},
  publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation},
  address   = {Lausanne},
  issn      = {1664-1078},
  doi       = {10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01162},
  pages     = {4},
  year      = {2018},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{RamachandranSinghRamirezCampilloetal.2021,
  author    = {Ramachandran, Akhilesh Kumar and Singh, Utkarsh and Ramirez-Campillo, Rodrigo and Clemente, Filipe Manuel and Afonso, Jos{\´e} and Granacher, Urs},
  title     = {Effects of Plyometric Jump Training on Balance Performance in Healthy Participants: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis / Effects of plyometric-jump training on balance performance in healthy individuals across the lifespan: A systematic review with meta-analysisist},
  series = {Frontiers in Physiology},
  volume    = {12},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Physiology},
  publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation},
  address   = {Lausanne},
  issn      = {1664-042X},
  pages     = {22},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Postural balance represents a fundamental movement skill for the successful performance of everyday and sport-related activities. There is ample evidence on the effectiveness of balance training on balance performance in athletic and non-athletic population. However, less is known on potential transfer effects of other training types, such as plyometric jump training (PJT) on measures of balance. Given that PJT is a highly dynamic exercise mode with various forms of jump-landing tasks, high levels of postural control are needed to successfully perform PJT exercises. Accordingly, PJT has the potential to not only improve measures of muscle strength and power but also balance. To systematically review and synthetize evidence from randomized and non-randomized controlled trials regarding the effects of PJT on measures of balance in apparently healthy participants. Systematic literature searches were performed in the electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS. A PICOS approach was applied to define inclusion criteria, (i) apparently healthy participants, with no restrictions on their fitness level, sex, or age, (ii) a PJT program, (iii) active controls (any sport-related activity) or specific active controls (a specific exercise type such as balance training), (iv) assessment of dynamic, static balance pre- and post-PJT, (v) randomized controlled trials and controlled trials. The methodological quality of studies was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. This meta-analysis was computed using the inverse variance random-effects model. The significance level was set at p <0.05. The initial search retrieved 8,251 plus 23 records identified through other sources. Forty-two articles met our inclusion criteria for qualitative and 38 for quantitative analysis (1,806 participants [990 males, 816 females], age range 9-63 years). PJT interventions lasted between 4 and 36 weeks. The median PEDro score was 6 and no study had low methodological quality (≤3). The analysis revealed significant small effects of PJT on overall (dynamic and static) balance (ES = 0.46; 95\% CI = 0.32-0.61; p < 0.001), dynamic (e.g., Y-balance test) balance (ES = 0.50; 95\% CI = 0.30-0.71; p < 0.001), and static (e.g., flamingo balance test) balance (ES = 0.49; 95\% CI = 0.31-0.67; p < 0.001). The moderator analyses revealed that sex and/or age did not moderate balance performance outcomes. When PJT was compared to specific active controls (i.e., participants undergoing balance training, whole body vibration training, resistance training), both PJT and alternative training methods showed similar effects on overall (dynamic and static) balance (p = 0.534). Specifically, when PJT was compared to balance training, both training types showed similar effects on overall (dynamic and static) balance (p = 0.514). Conclusion: Compared to active controls, PJT showed small effects on overall balance, dynamic and static balance. Additionally, PJT produced similar balance improvements compared to other training types (i.e., balance training). Although PJT is widely used in athletic and recreational sport settings to improve athletes' physical fitness (e.g., jumping; sprinting), our systematic review with meta-analysis is novel in as much as it indicates that PJT also improves balance performance. The observed PJT-related balance enhancements were irrespective of sex and participants' age. Therefore, PJT appears to be an adequate training regime to improve balance in both, athletic and recreational settings.},
  language  = {en}
}