@article{ŠedovaKalkuhl2020,
  author    = {Šedov{\´a}, Barbora and Kalkuhl, Matthias},
  title     = {Who are the climate migrants and where do they go?},
  series = {World development},
  volume    = {129},
  journal   = {World development},
  publisher = {Elsevier Science},
  address   = {Amsterdam},
  issn      = {0305-750X},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.104848},
  pages     = {19},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {In this paper, we move from the large strand of research that looks at evidence of climate migration to the questions: who are the climate migrants? and where do they go? These questions are crucial to design policies that mitigate welfare losses of migration choices due to climate change. We study the direct and heterogeneous associations between weather extremes and migration in rural India. We combine ERAS reanalysis data with the India Human Development Survey household panel and conduct regression analyses by applying linear probability and multinomial logit models. This enables us to establish a causal relationship between temperature and precipitation anomalies and overall migration as well as migration by destination. We show that adverse weather shocks decrease rural-rural and international migration and push people into cities in different, presumably more prosperous states. A series of positive weather shocks, however, facilitates international migration and migration to cities within the same state. Further, our results indicate that in contrast to other migrants, climate migrants are likely to be from the lower end of the skill distribution and from households strongly dependent on agricultural production. We estimate that approximately 8\% of all rural-urban moves between 2005 and 2012 can be attributed to weather. This figure might increase as a consequence of climate change. Thus, a key policy recommendation is to take steps to facilitate integration of less educated migrants into the urban labor market.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MaheswaranAgarwalSivakumaretal.2019,
  author    = {Maheswaran, Rathinasamy and Agarwal, Ankit and Sivakumar, Bellie and Marwan, Norbert and Kurths, J{\"u}rgen},
  title     = {Wavelet analysis of precipitation extremes over India and teleconnections to climate indices},
  series = {Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment},
  volume    = {33},
  journal   = {Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment},
  number    = {11-12},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {New York},
  issn      = {1436-3240},
  doi       = {10.1007/s00477-019-01738-3},
  pages     = {2053 -- 2069},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Precipitation patterns and extremes are significantly influenced by various climatic factors and large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns. This study uses wavelet coherence analysis to detect significant interannual and interdecadal oscillations in monthly precipitation extremes across India and their teleconnections to three prominent climate indices, namely, Nino 3.4, Pacific Decadal Oscillation, and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). Further, partial wavelet coherence analysis is used to estimate the standalone relationship between the climate indices and precipitation after removing the effect of interdependency. The wavelet analysis of monthly precipitation extremes at 30 different locations across India reveals that (a) interannual (2-8 years) and interdecadal (8-32 years) oscillations are statistically significant, and (b) the oscillations vary in both time and space. The results from the partial wavelet coherence analysis reveal that Nino 3.4 and IOD are the significant drivers of Indian precipitation at interannual and interdecadal scales. Intriguingly, the study also confirms that the strength of influence of large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns on Indian precipitation extremes varies with spatial physiography of the region.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Jackisch2007,
  type      = {Master Thesis},
  author    = {Jackisch, Conrad},
  title     = {Towards applied modeling of the human-eco-system an approach of hydrology based integrated modeling of a semi-arid sub-catchment in rural north-west India},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-13513},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {The development of rural areas concerning food security, sustainability and social-economic stability is key issue to the globalized community. Regarding the current state of climatic change, especially semi-arid regions in uenced by monsoon or El Ni{\~n}o are prone to extreme weather events. Droughts, ooding, erosion, degradation of soils and water quality and deserti cation are some of the common impacts. State of the art in hydrologic environmental modeling is generally operating under a reductionist paradigm (Sivapalan 2005). Even an enormous quantity of process-oriented models exists, we fail in due reproduction of complexly interacting processes in their effective scale in the space-time-continuum, as they are described through deterministic small-scale process theories (e.g. Beven 2002). Yet large amounts of parameters - with partly doubtful physical expression - and input data are needed. In contradiction to that most soft information about patterns and organizing principles cannot be employed (Seibert and McDonnell 2002). For an analysis of possible strategies on the one hand towards integrated hydrologic modeling as decision support and on the other hand for sustainable land use development the 512 km2 large catchment of the Mod river in Jhabua, Madhya Pradesh, India has been chosen. It is characterized by a setting of common problems of peripheral rural semi-arid human-eco-systems with intensive agriculture, deforestation, droughts and general hardship for the people. Scarce data and missing gauges are adding to the requirements of data acquisition and process description. The study at hand presents a methodical framework to combine eld scale data analysis and remote sensing for the setup of a database focusing plausibility over strict data accuracy. The catena-based hydrologic model WASA (G{\"u}ntner 2002) employes this database. It is expanded by a routine for crop development simulation after the de Wit approach (e.g. in Bouman et al. 1996). For its application as decision support system an agentbased land use algorithm is developed which decides on base of site speci cations and certain constraints (like maximum pro t or best local adaptation) about the cropping. The new model is employed to analyze (some) land use strategies. Not anticipated and a priori de ned scenarios will account for the realization of the model but the interactions within the system. This study points out possible approaches to enhance the situation in the catchment. It also approaches central questions of ways towards due integrated hydrological modeling on catchment scale for ungauged conditions and to overcome current paradigms.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{Thiede2005,
  author    = {Thiede, Rasmus Christoph},
  title     = {Tectonic and climatic controls on orogenic processes : the Northwest Himalaya, India},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-2281},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {The role of feedback between erosional unloading and tectonics controlling the development of the Himalaya is a matter of current debate. The distribution of precipitation is thought to control surface erosion, which in turn results in tectonic exhumation as an isostatic compensation process. Alternatively, subsurface structures can have significant influence in the evolution of this actively growing orogen. Along the southern Himalayan front new 40Ar/39Ar white mica and apatite fission track (AFT) thermochronologic data provide the opportunity to determine the history of rock-uplift and exhumation paths along an approximately 120-km-wide NE-SW transect spanning the greater Sutlej region of the northwest Himalaya, India. 40Ar/39Ar data indicate, consistent with earlier studies that first the High Himalayan Crystalline, and subsequently the Lesser Himalayan Crystalline nappes were exhumed rapidly during Miocene time, while the deformation front propagated to the south. In contrast, new AFT data delineate synchronous exhumation of an elliptically shaped, NE-SW-oriented ~80 x 40 km region spanning both crystalline nappes during Pliocene-Quaternary time. The AFT ages correlate with elevation, but show within the resolution of the method no spatial relationship to preexisting major tectonic structures, such as the Main Central Thrust or the Southern Tibetan Fault System. Assuming constant exhumation rates and geothermal gradient, the rocks of two age vs. elevation transects were exhumed at ~1.4 \&\#177;0.2 and ~1.1 \&\#177;0.4 mm/a with an average cooling rate of ~50-60 \&\#176;C/Ma during Pliocene-Quaternary time. The locus of pronounced exhumation defined by the AFT data coincides with a region of enhanced precipitation, high discharge, and sediment flux rates under present conditions. We therefore hypothesize that the distribution of AFT cooling ages might reflect the efficiency of surface processes and fluvial erosion, and thus demonstrate the influence of erosion in localizing rock-uplift and exhumation along southern Himalayan front, rather than encompassing the entire orogen.Despite a possible feedback between erosion and exhumation along the southern Himalayan front, we observe tectonically driven, crustal exhumation within the arid region behind the orographic barrier of the High Himalaya, which might be related to and driven by internal plateau forces. Several metamorphic-igneous gneiss dome complexes have been exhumed between the High Himalaya to the south and Indus-Tsangpo suture zone to the north since the onset of Indian-Eurasian collision ~50 Ma ago. Although the overall tectonic setting is characterized by convergence the exhumation of these domes is accommodated by extensional fault systems.Along the Indian-Tibetan border the poorly described Leo Pargil metamorphic-igneous gneiss dome (31-34\&\#176;N/77-78\&\#176;E) is located within the Tethyan Himalaya. New field mapping, structural, and geochronologic data document that the western flank of the Leo Pargil dome was formed by extension along temporally linked normal fault systems. Motion on a major detachment system, referred to as the Leo Pargil detachment zone (LPDZ) has led to the juxtaposition of low-grade metamorphic, sedimentary rocks in the hanging wall and high-grade metamorphic gneisses in the footwall. However, the distribution of new 40Ar/39Ar white mica data indicate a regional cooling event during middle Miocene time. New apatite fission track (AFT) data demonstrate that subsequently more of the footwall was extruded along the LPDZ in a brittle stage between 10 and 2 Ma with a minimum displacement of ~9 km. Additionally, AFT-data indicate a regional accelerated cooling and exhumation episode starting at ~4 Ma. Thus, tectonic processes can affect the entire orogenic system, while potential feedbacks between erosion and tectonics appear to be limited to the windward sides of an orogenic systems.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Vogl2013,
  author    = {Vogl, Janna},
  title     = {Social workers, communities and politics : Akteursperspektiven von NGO-Gr{\"u}ndern und -Gr{\"u}nderinnen in S{\"u}dindien},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-68922},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {Gegenstand dieser Arbeit sind die (Selbst-)Darstellungen von Gr{\"u}nder_innen von Nichtregierungsorganisationen (NGOs) im Bereich Kinder- und Frauenrechte in Tamil Nadu, S{\"u}dindien. Um diese (Selbst-)Darstellungen angemessen analysieren zu k{\"o}nnen, wird zuerst eine analytische Herangehensweise entworfen, die davon ausgeht, dass bestehende soziologische Konzepte, die in erster Linie in Auseinandersetzung mit einem spezifischen (west-europ{\"a}ischen) Kontext entstanden sind, nicht unhinterfragt auf andere Kontexte {\"u}bertragen werden k{\"o}nnen. Das erschwert die Verwendung von Begrifflichkeiten wie „Zivilgesellschaft", „Entwicklung" oder auch der scheinbar klaren Dichotomie von Moderne und Tradition. Eisenstadt machte diese Problematik in der von ihm begonnenen Debatte um „Multiple Modernities" deutlich. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird an diese Diskussion mit handlungstheoretischen Argumenten angekn{\"u}pft, um auch Akteursperspektiven angemessen analysieren zu k{\"o}nnen. Nachdem der theoretische Rahmen und die methodische Grundlage der Arbeit erl{\"a}utert wurden, wird Kontextwissen erarbeitet, um die Analyse der Interviews einzubetten. Es werden Diskurse um Kaste und den Status von Frauen sowie Aspekte der aktuellen politischen Situation Tamil Nadus betrachtet. Die (Selbst-)Darstellungen lassen sich dann anhand der im Titel angedeuteten Dreiteilung aufschl{\"u}sseln: Die Gr{\"u}nder_innen setzen sich zum ersten mit der eigenen Rolle auseinander. Sie beschreiben sich als „social worker" und greifen in den Selbstbeschreibungen zum Teil auf populistische Elemente des politischen Umfeldes zur{\"u}ck. Zum zweiten beschreiben sie die eigene Position gegen{\"u}ber ihren „Zielgruppen". Dabei wird deutlich, dass die Beziehungen zwischen NGO und „community" zwischen Partizipation und Paternalismus schwanken. Zum dritten formulieren sie Zielsetzungen in Abgrenzung zu anderen (lokalen) politischen Akteuren: Sie grenzen sich zum Beispiel von einem ihrem Verst{\"a}ndnis nach „westlichen" Begriff von Entwicklung ab und formulieren demgegen{\"u}ber „eigene" Ziele. Sie reflektieren {\"u}ber lokale Kooperationen, z.B. mit politischen Pers{\"o}nlichkeiten, Kastenassoziationen, aber auch {\"u}ber Abgrenzungen oder Zusammenst{\"o}ße, die sich dabei ergeben. Insgesamt wird deutlich, dass die (Selbst-)Darstellungen der Gr{\"u}nder_innen sich spannungsgeladen und ambivalent auf unterschiedliche Diskurse, Ideen und soziale Praktiken beziehen. Sie lassen sich insbesondere nicht in eine Perspektive von „Entwicklung" einordnen, welche auf der Dichotomie von Moderne und Tradition aufbaut.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{MahataPandayRupakhetietal.2017,
  author    = {Mahata, Khadak Singh and Panday, Arnico Kumar and Rupakheti, Maheswar and Singh, Ashish and Naja, Manish and Lawrence, Mark G.},
  title     = {Seasonal and diurnal variations in methane and carbon dioxide in the Kathmandu Valley in the foothills of the central Himalayas},
  series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  journal   = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Mathematisch Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe},
  number    = {610},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-41664},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-416643},
  pages     = {12573 -- 12596},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {The SusKat-ABC (Sustainable Atmosphere for the Kathmandu Valley-Atmospheric Brown Clouds) international air pollution measurement campaign was carried out from December 2012 to June 2013 in the Kathmandu Valley and surrounding regions in Nepal. The Kathmandu Valley is a bowl-shaped basin with a severe air pollution problem. This paper reports measurements of two major greenhouse gases (GHGs), methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2), along with the pollutant CO, that began during the campaign and were extended for 1 year at the SusKat-ABC supersite in Bode, a semi-urban location in the Kathmandu Valley. Simultaneous measurements were also made during 2015 in Bode and a nearby rural site (Chanban) similar to 25 km (aerial distance) to the southwest of Bode on the other side of a tall ridge. The ambient mixing ratios of methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), water vapor, and carbon monoxide (CO) were measured with a cavity ring-down spectrometer (G2401; Picarro, USA) along with meteorological parameters for 1 year (March 2013-March 2014). These measurements are the first of their kind in the central Himalayan foothills. At Bode, the annual average mixing ratios of CO2 and CH4 were 419.3 (+/- 6.0) ppm and 2.192 (+/- 0.066) ppm, respectively. These values are higher than the levels observed at background sites such as Mauna Loa, USA (CO2: 396.8 +/- 2.0 ppm, CH4: 1.831 +/- 0.110 ppm) and Waliguan, China (CO2: 397.7 +/- 3.6 ppm, CH4: 1.879 +/- 0.009 ppm) during the same period and at other urban and semi-urban sites in the region, such as Ahmedabad and Shadnagar (India). They varied slightly across the seasons at Bode, with seasonal average CH4 mixing ratios of 2.157 (+/- 0.230) ppm in the pre-monsoon season, 2.199 (+/- 0.241) ppm in the monsoon, 2.210 (+/- 0.200) ppm in the post-monsoon, and 2.214 (+/- 0.209) ppm in the winter season. The average CO2 mixing ratios were 426.2 (+/- 25.5) ppm in the pre-monsoon, 413.5 (+/- 24.2) ppm in the monsoon, 417.3 (+/- 23.1) ppm in the postmonsoon, and 421.9 (+/- 20.3) ppm in the winter season. The maximum seasonal mean mixing ratio of CH4 in winter was only 0.057 ppm or 2.6\% higher than the seasonal minimum during the pre-monsoon period, while CO2 was 12.8 ppm or 3.1\% higher during the pre-monsoon period (seasonal maximum) than during the monsoon (seasonal minimum). On the other hand, the CO mixing ratio at Bode was 191\% higher during the winter than during the monsoon season. The enhancement in CO2 mixing ratios during the pre-monsoon season is associated with additional CO2 emissions from forest fires and agro-residue burning in northern South Asia in addition to local emissions in the Kathmandu Valley. Published CO = CO2 ratios of different emission sources in Nepal and India were compared with the observed CO = CO2 ratios in this study. This comparison suggested that the major sources in the Kathmandu Valley were residential cooking and vehicle exhaust in all seasons except winter. In winter, brick kiln emissions were a major source. Simultaneous measurements in Bode and Chanban (15 July-3 October 2015) revealed that the mixing ratios of CO2, CH4, and CO were 3.8, 12, and 64\% higher in Bode than Chanban. The Kathmandu Valley thus has significant emissions from local sources, which can also be attributed to its bowl-shaped geography that is conducive to pollution build-up. At Bode, all three gas species (CO2, CH4, and CO) showed strong diurnal patterns in their mixing ratios with a pronounced morning peak (ca. 08:00), a dip in the afternoon, and a gradual increase again through the night until the next morning. CH4 and CO at Chanban, however, did not show any noticeable diurnal variations. These measurements provide the first insights into the diurnal and seasonal variation in key greenhouse gases and air pollutants and their local and regional sources, which is important information for atmospheric research in the region.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{Lederer2011,
  author    = {Lederer, Markus},
  title     = {Practicing agrifood governance},
  series = {Food policy : economics planning and politics of food and agriculture},
  volume    = {36},
  journal   = {Food policy : economics planning and politics of food and agriculture},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {0306-9192},
  doi       = {10.1016/j.foodpol.2011.07.009},
  pages     = {756 -- 759},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {The conclusion to the special section has three objectives: First, it argues that a focus on "practice" implicitly connects all the articles in the special section and thereby reinforces the core points of the analytical framework introduced by Fuchs and Glaab. Second, the paper summarizes the main messages of the articles by identifying three red threads that are dominant in all four contributions. These are the strong focus of all authors on ideational forces, an emphasis on the role of academics and the description of complexities of local-global interdependencies. Third, some common blind spots are identified that merit future research.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HobbhahnKuechmeisterPorembski2006,
  author    = {Hobbhahn, Nina and K{\"u}chmeister, Heike and Porembski, Stefan},
  title     = {Pollination biology of mass flowering terrestrial Utricularia species (Lentibulariaceae) in the Indian Western Ghats},
  series = {Plant biology},
  volume    = {8},
  journal   = {Plant biology},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell},
  address   = {Oxford},
  issn      = {1435-8603},
  doi       = {10.1055/s-2006-924566},
  pages     = {791 -- 804},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {The pollination biology of three mass flowering Utricularia species of the Indian Western Ghats, U. albocaerulea, U. purpurascens, and U. reticulata, was studied for the first time by extensive observation of flower visitors, pollination experiments, and nectar analyses. The ephemerality of the Utricularia habitats on lateritic plateaus, weather conditions adverse to insects, lack of observations of flower visitors to other Utricularia spp., and the predominance of at least. facultative autogamy in the few Utricularia species studied so far suggested that an autogamous breeding system is the common case in the genus. In contrast, we showed that the studied populations are incapable of autonomous selfing, or that it is an event of negligible rarity, although P/O was similarily low as in autogamous species investigated by other authors. In all three species the spatial arrangement of the reproductive organs makes an insect vector necessary for pollen transfer between and within flowers. However, U. purpurascens and U. reticulata are highly self-compatible, which allows for visitor-mediated auto-selfing and geitonogamy on inflorescence and clone level. Floral nectar is present in extremely small volumes in all three species, but sugar concentrations are high. More than 50 species of bees, butterflies, moths, hawk moths, and clipterans were observed to visit the flowers, and flower morphology facilitated pollination by all observed visitors. The results are discussed in the context of the phenological characteristics of the studied species, especially the phenomenon of mass flowering, and the environmental conditions of their habitats.},
  language  = {en}
}
@misc{Sengupta2007,
  author    = {Sengupta, Jayshree},
  title     = {Indien und die G8},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-23189},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {Seit 2005 ist Indien als eines der f{\"u}nf Outreach-L{\"a}nder in die Diskussionen der G8 eingebunden. Dies geschah wegen seiner Rolle als eine der Kraftquellen der Weltwirtschaft sowie als viertgr{\"o}ßter globaler Markt. Indien betrachtet ein offenes Welthandelregime und einen gr{\"o}ßeren Kapitalfluss in die Entwicklungsl{\"a}nder als notwendig, um diesen zu helfen, deren Exporte zu steigern, neue Jobs zu schaffen und den Wohlstand ihrer Produzenten zu erh{\"o}hen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Zambre2013,
  type      = {Master Thesis},
  author    = {Zambre, Vaishali},
  title     = {Handel und Arbeitsmarkteffekte im Verarbeitenden Gewerbe Indiens},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  isbn      = {978-3-86956-268-1},
  issn      = {2197-8069},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-66145},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {x, 95},
  year      = {2013},
  abstract  = {In der vorliegenden Diplomarbeit wird untersucht welche Wirkungen der Industrieg{\"u}terhandel auf die Besch{\"a}ftigung im Verarbeitenden Gewerbe Indiens hat. Dazu werden die Implikationen der handelstheoretischen Modelle der Neoklassik, der Neuen sowie der Neu-Neuen Handelstheorie abgeleitet und er{\"o}rtert. Es schließt sich eine empirische Analyse an, die sich an Jenkins und Sen (2006) orientiert. Dabei werden zun{\"a}chst der Faktorgehalt sowie die Handelsstruktur analysiert. Um die Besch{\"a}ftigungseffekte zu quantifizieren, erfolgt eine Zerlegung des Besch{\"a}ftigungswachstums. Es wird auch untersucht, inwiefern die handelsinduzierte Wettbewerbsintensivierung zu einem effizienteren Arbeitseinsatz gef{\"u}hrt hat. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die handelsinduzierten Besch{\"a}ftigungseffekte im Beobachtungszeitraum zwar positiv, aber vergleichsweise gering ausgefallen sind. Gleichzeitig wirkt sich die Entwicklung der Handelsstruktur zunehmend negativ auf das potentielle Besch{\"a}ftigungswachstum aus, sodass auf Basis der hier gewonnenen Erkenntnisse nicht davon auszugehen ist, dass zuk{\"u}nftige Handelsfl{\"u}sse einen signifikanten Beitrag zur Schaffung neuer Besch{\"a}ftigungsm{\"o}glichkeiten leisten k{\"o}nnen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{Nayyar2004,
  author    = {Nayyar, Kewal K.},
  title     = {Großmachtkonstellation zu Beginn des 21. Jahrhunderts},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-46655},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Poverty, ethnicity and religious fundamentalism are the most pressing problems of the 21st century. According to this Indian author, democratisation on the national and international level is the only way to overcome these problems. One reason for the failing of the international institutions is the insufficient representation of the world community, especially in the UN Security Council. A reform of the United Nations seems indispensable. The war against international terrorism is essential but has to be waged without the differentiation between good and bad terrorists.},
  language  = {de}
}
@misc{SenBoginMondaletal.2021,
  author    = {Sen, Jaydip and Bogin, Barry and Mondal, Nitish and Dey, Sima and Roy, Shreysai},
  title     = {Groundwater arsenic contamination in the Bengal Delta Plain is an important public health issue},
  series = {Human Biology and Public Health},
  volume    = {2021},
  journal   = {Human Biology and Public Health},
  number    = {1},
  editor    = {Scheffler, Christiane and Koziel, Slawomir and Hermanussen, Michael and Bogin, Barry},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {2748-9957},
  doi       = {10.52905/hbph.v1.7},
  pages     = {1 -- 31},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {There is a close association between human biology, epidemiology and public health. Exposure to toxic elements is one area of such associations and global concerns. The Bengal Delta Plain (BDP) is a region where contamination of ground water by arsenic has assumed epidemic proportions. Apart from dermatological manifestations, chronic exposure to arsenic causes a heavy toll through several carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic disorders. This article provides a global overview of groundwater arsenic contamination in the BDP region, especially the sources, speciation, and mobility of arsenic, and critically reviews the effects of arsenic on human health. The present review also provides a summary of comprehensive knowledge on various measures required for mitigation and social consequences of the problem of arsenic contaminated groundwater in the BDP region.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KozickaKalkuhlBrockhaus2017,
  author    = {Kozicka, Marta and Kalkuhl, Matthias and Brockhaus, Jan},
  title     = {Food Grain Policies in India and their Implications for Stocks and Fiscal Costs},
  series = {Journal of Agricultural Economics},
  volume    = {68},
  journal   = {Journal of Agricultural Economics},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell},
  address   = {Hoboken},
  issn      = {0021-857X},
  doi       = {10.1111/1477-9552.12176},
  pages     = {98 -- 122},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {We analyse current and possible future reforms of the Indian food policies for the most important staple grains, wheat and rice, within a two-commodity dynamic partial equilibrium model with stochastic shocks. The model is empirically grounded and reproduces past values well. It uses a new reduced-form approach to capture private storage dynamics. We evaluate the implementation of the National Food Security Act (NFSA) under several policy measures with the current regime as well as two scenarios with a regime change - implementation of cash transfers and deficiency payments. Implications for market fundamentals and fiscal costs are simulated in the medium term - until 2020/21. The NFSA puts a high pressure on fiscal costs and public stocks. Relying on imports with low support prices results in low fiscal costs and stable, but higher domestic and international prices, and a high risk of zero stocks. A policy strategy to manipulate procurement prices in order to maintain public stocks close to the norms leads to slightly higher fiscal costs with lower, but more volatile prices. The highest domestic price volatility occurs under a strategy which uses export bans in order to maintain sufficient public stocks. A cash-based regime can bring considerable savings and curb fiscal costs, particularly if targeted to the poor, and would leave sufficient stocks due to higher private stocks.},
  language  = {en}
}
@phdthesis{SantosBruss2020,
  author    = {Santos Bruss, Sara Morais dos},
  title     = {Feminist solidarities after modulation},
  publisher = {punctum books},
  address   = {Brooklyn, NY},
  isbn      = {978-1-68571-146-7},
  doi       = {10.53288/0397.1.00},
  school      = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam},
  pages     = {xiii, 380},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Feminist Solidarities after Modulation produces an intersectional analysis of transnational feminist movements and their contemporary digital frameworks of identity and solidarity. Engaging media theory, critical race theory, and Black feminist theory, as well as contemporary feminist movements, this book argues that digital feminist interventions map themselves onto and make use of the multiplicity and ambiguity of digital spaces to question presentist and fixed notions of the internet as a white space and technologies in general as objective or universal. Understanding these frameworks as colonial constructions of the human, identity is traced to a socio-material condition that emerges with the modernity/colonialism binary. In the colonial moment, race and gender become the reasons for, as well as the effects of, technologies of identification, and thus need to be understood as and through technologies. What Deleuze has called modulation is not a present modality of control, but is placed into a longer genealogy of imperial division, which stands in opposition to feminist, queer, and anti-racist activism that insists on non-modular solidarities across seeming difference. At its heart, Feminist Solidarities after Modulation provides an analysis of contemporary digital feminist solidarities, which not only work at revealing the material histories and affective ""leakages"" of modular governance, but also challenges them to concentrate on forms of political togetherness that exceed a reductive or essentialist understanding of identity, solidarity, and difference.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SedovaKalkuhlMendelsohn2020,
  author    = {Sedova, Barbora and Kalkuhl, Matthias and Mendelsohn, Robert},
  title     = {Distributional impacts of weather and climate in rural India},
  series = {Economics of disasters and climate change},
  volume    = {4},
  journal   = {Economics of disasters and climate change},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Cham},
  issn      = {2511-1280},
  doi       = {10.1007/s41885-019-00051-1},
  pages     = {5 -- 44},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Climate-related costs and benefits may not be evenly distributed across the population. We study distributional implications of seasonal weather and climate on within-country inequality in rural India. Utilizing a first difference approach, we find that the poor are more sensitive to weather variations than the non-poor. The poor respond more strongly to (seasonal) temperature changes: negatively in the (warm) spring season, more positively in the (cold) rabi season. Less precipitation is harmful to the poor in the monsoon kharif season and beneficial in the winter and spring seasons. We show that adverse weather aggravates inequality by reducing consumption of the poor farming households. Future global warming predicted under RCP8.5 is likely to exacerbate these effects, reducing consumption of poor farming households by one third until the year 2100. We also find inequality in consumption across seasons with higher consumption during the harvest and lower consumption during the sowing seasons.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KozickaWeberKalkuhl2019,
  author    = {Kozicka, Marta and Weber, Regine and Kalkuhl, Matthias},
  title     = {Cash vs. in-kind transfers},
  series = {Food Security},
  volume    = {11},
  journal   = {Food Security},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {New York},
  issn      = {1876-4517},
  doi       = {10.1007/s12571-019-00942-x},
  pages     = {915 -- 927},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Historically, India has relied on subsidizing staple food as a major instrument in improving food security. Recently, however, cash transfers have entered the debate as an alternative, as they are associated with lower market distortions, leakages and fiscal costs. This study contributes to this debate by analyzing India's Targeted Public Distribution System (TPDS). Our main objective was to explain the under-purchase, or low take-up, from the TPDS, which is typically attributed to 'leakage', i.e. the diversion of food grains from eligible consumers. We provide an alternative solution based on self-targeting; while poorer households increase their consumption from the TPDS, wealthier households restrain from consuming subsidized commodities. Using a large household dataset, we estimated that such a voluntary opt-out system, based on income, would save a minimum of 6.5\% of grains released through the TPDS. Besides these demand-driven aspects, our analysis indicates that poor regions perform better at lowering the diversion of grains and that large targeting errors exist among female-led households. Finally, we find substantial regional price differences that would benefit the poor and rural population under a uniform cash-transfer system that does not correct for regional price levels.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KhurooReshiMaliketal.2012,
  author    = {Khuroo, Anzar A. and Reshi, Zafar A. and Malik, Akhtar H. and Weber, Ewald and Rashid, Irfan and Dar, G. H.},
  title     = {Alien flora of India taxonomic composition, invasion status and biogeographic affiliations},
  series = {Biological invasions : unique international journal uniting scientists in the broad field of biological invasions},
  volume    = {14},
  journal   = {Biological invasions : unique international journal uniting scientists in the broad field of biological invasions},
  number    = {1},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Dordrecht},
  issn      = {1387-3547},
  doi       = {10.1007/s10530-011-9981-2},
  pages     = {99 -- 113},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {The wide knowledge gaps in invasion biology research that exist in the developing world are crucial impediments to the scientific management and global policymaking on biological invasions. In an effort to fill such knowledge gaps, we present here an inventory of the alien flora of India, based on systematic reviews and rigorous analyses of research studies (ca. 190) published over the last 120 years (1890-2010 AD), and updated with field records of the last two decades. Currently, the inventory comprises of 1,599 species, belonging to 842 genera in 161 families, and constitutes 8.5\% of the total Indian vascular flora. The three most species-rich families are Asteraceae (134 spp.), Papilionaceae (114 spp.) and Poaceae (106 spp.), and the three largest genera are Eucalyptus (25 spp.), Ipomoea (22 spp.), and Senna (21 spp.). The majority of these species (812) have no report of escaping from cultivation. Of the remaining subset of 787 species, which have either escaped from intentional cultivation, or spread after unintentional introduction, casuals are represented by 57 spp., casual/naturalised by 114 spp., naturalised by 257 spp., naturalised/invasive by 134 spp., and invasive by 225 spp. Biogeographically, more than one-third (35\%) of the alien flora in India has its native ranges in South America, followed by Asia (21\%), Africa (20\%), Europe (11\%), Australia (8\%), North America (4\%); and cryptogenic (1\%). The inventory is expected to serve as the scientific baseline on plant invasions in India, with implications for conservation of global biodiversity.},
  language  = {en}
}