@article{YueAlterHowardetal.2017, author = {Yue, Jinxing and Alter, Kai-Uwe and Howard, David and Bastiaanse, Roelien}, title = {Early access to lexical-level phonological representations of Mandarin word-forms}, series = {Language, cognition and neuroscience}, volume = {32}, journal = {Language, cognition and neuroscience}, number = {9}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {2327-3798}, doi = {10.1080/23273798.2017.1290261}, pages = {1148 -- 1163}, year = {2017}, abstract = {An auditory habituation design was used to investigate whether lexical-level phonological representations in the brain can be rapidly accessed after the onset of a spoken word. We studied the N1 component of the auditory event-related electrical potential, and measured the amplitude decrements of N1 associated with the repetition of a monosyllabic tone word and an acoustically similar pseudo-word in Mandarin Chinese. Effects related to the contrastive onset consonants were controlled for by introducing two control words. We show that repeated pseudo-words consistently elicit greater amplitude decrements in N1 than real words. Furthermore, this lexicality effect is free from sensory fatigue or rapid learning of the pseudo-word. These results suggest that a lexical-level phonological representation of a spoken word can be accessed as early as 110ms after the onset of the word-form.}, language = {en} } @article{WuKaiserVasishth2017, author = {Wu, Fuyun and Kaiser, Elsi and Vasishth, Shravan}, title = {Effects of early cues on the processing of chinese relative clauses}, series = {Cognitive science : a multidisciplinary journal of anthropology, artificial intelligence, education, linguistics, neuroscience, philosophy, psychology ; journal of the Cognitive Science Society}, volume = {42}, journal = {Cognitive science : a multidisciplinary journal of anthropology, artificial intelligence, education, linguistics, neuroscience, philosophy, psychology ; journal of the Cognitive Science Society}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {0364-0213}, doi = {10.1111/cogs.12551}, pages = {1101 -- 1133}, year = {2017}, abstract = {We used Chinese prenominal relative clauses (RCs) to test the predictions of two competing accounts of sentence comprehension difficulty: the experience-based account of Levy () and the Dependency Locality Theory (DLT; Gibson, ). Given that in Chinese RCs, a classifier and/or a passive marker BEI can be added to the sentence-initial position, we manipulated the presence/absence of classifiers and the presence/absence of BEI, such that BEI sentences were passivized subject-extracted RCs, and no-BEI sentences were standard object-extracted RCs. We conducted two self-paced reading experiments, using the same critical stimuli but somewhat different filler items. Reading time patterns from both experiments showed facilitative effects of BEI within and beyond RC regions, and delayed facilitative effects of classifiers, suggesting that cues that occur before a clear signal of an upcoming RC can help Chinese comprehenders to anticipate RC structures. The data patterns are not predicted by the DLT, but they are consistent with the predictions of experience-based theories.}, language = {en} } @article{WilzekFrankvandenEnglHoeketal.2017, author = {Wilzek, Alexa and Frank, Ulrike and van den Engl-Hoek, Lenie and Huckabee, Maggie-Lee}, title = {Normdatenerhebung f{\"u}r den »Test of Mastication and Swallowing Solids« f{\"u}r Kinder und Jugendliche im Altersbereich von 4 bis 14 Jahren}, series = {Spektrum Patholinguistik (Band 10) - Schwerpunktthema: Panorama Patholinguistik: Sprachwissenschaft trifft Sprachtherapie}, journal = {Spektrum Patholinguistik (Band 10) - Schwerpunktthema: Panorama Patholinguistik: Sprachwissenschaft trifft Sprachtherapie}, number = {10}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1866-9085}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-405195}, pages = {123 -- 129}, year = {2017}, language = {de} } @article{WieseOncuBracker2017, author = {Wiese, Heike and Oncu, Mehmet Tahir and Bracker, Philip}, title = {Verb-third-position in Turkish-German Language Contact}, series = {Deutsche Sprache : ds ; Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Theorie, Praxis, Dokumentation}, volume = {45}, journal = {Deutsche Sprache : ds ; Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Theorie, Praxis, Dokumentation}, number = {1}, publisher = {Erich Schmidt}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {0340-9341}, pages = {31 -- 52}, year = {2017}, abstract = {In present-day German we find new word order options, particularly well-known from Turkish-German bilingual speakers in the contexts of new urban dialects, which allow violations of the canonical verb-second position in independent declarative clauses. In these cases, two positions are occupied in the forefield in front of the finite verb, usually by an adverbial and a subject, which identify, at the level of information structure, frame-setter and topic, respectively. Our study investigates the influence of verbal versus language -independent information-structural preferences for this linearisation, comparing Turkish-German multilingual speakers who have grown up in Germany with monolingual German and Turkish speakers. For tasks, in which grammatical restrictions were largely minimised, the results indicate a general tendency to place verbs in a position after the frame-setter and the topic; in addition, we found language-specific influences that distinguish Turkish-German and monolingual German speakers from monolingual Turkish ones. We interpret this as evidence for an information-structural motivation for verb-third, and for a clear dominance of German for Turkish-German speakers in Germany.}, language = {en} } @article{WieseMayrKraemeretal.2017, author = {Wiese, Heike and Mayr, Katharina and Kr{\"a}mer, Philipp and Seeger, Patrick and M{\"u}ller, Hans-Georg and Mezger, Verena}, title = {Changing teachers' attitudes towards linguistic diversity}, series = {International Journal of Applied Linguistics}, volume = {27}, journal = {International Journal of Applied Linguistics}, number = {1}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {0802-6106}, doi = {10.1111/ijal.12121}, pages = {198 -- 220}, year = {2017}, abstract = {We discuss an intervention programme for kindergarten and school teachers' continuing education in Germany that targets biases against language outside a perceived monolingual 'standard' and its speakers. The programme combines anti-bias methods relating to linguistic diversity with objectives of raising critical language awareness. Evaluation through teachers' workshops in Berlin and Brandenburg points to positive and enduring attitudinal changes in participants, but not in control groups that did not attend workshops, and effects were independent of personal variables gender and teaching subject and only weakly associated with age. We relate these effects to such programme features as indirect and inclusive methods that foster active engagement, and the combination of 'safer' topics targeting attitudes towards linguistic structures with more challenging ones dealing with the discrimination of speakers.}, language = {en} } @article{Warditz2017, author = {Warditz, Vladislava Maria}, title = {Br{\"u}ckners H{\"o}flichkeitskonzept (1916): Linguistik oder Ideologie? Linguistische Untersuchung des sprachpolitischen Manifests eines Universalgelehrten}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Slawistik}, volume = {62}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Slawistik}, publisher = {De Gruyter}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {0044-3506}, doi = {10.1515/slaw-2017-0014}, pages = {297 -- 315}, year = {2017}, abstract = {The paper presents the Polish study Ty-wy-pan. Kartka z dziej{\´o}w pr{\´o}\&\#380;no\&\#347;ci ludzkiej ('You (singular)-you (plural)-Lord. An overview on the history of the people's vanity', 1916) by Alexander Br{\"u}ckner from a linguistic-pragmatical as well as ideological point of view. In his pioneer study on politeness, the German-Polish slavist Br{\"u}ckner (1856-1939) critically reflects on the current system of Polish addresses and titles, especially in relating to the soon-to-be refoundation of the Second Polish Republic (1918). The paper analyzes how his linguistic description and his ideas for reformation of the Polish addressative system are pragmatically justified and how they are ideologically motivated. Furthermore, the paper reconstructs the status of Br{\"u}ckner's concept of politeness in the context of current studies on Polish pragmatics.}, language = {de} } @article{vonderMalsburgAngele2017, author = {von der Malsburg, Titus Raban and Angele, Bernhard}, title = {False positives and other statistical errors in standard analyses of eye movements in reading}, series = {Journal of memory and language}, volume = {94}, journal = {Journal of memory and language}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {San Diego}, issn = {0749-596X}, doi = {10.1016/j.jml.2016.10.003}, pages = {119 -- 133}, year = {2017}, abstract = {In research on eye movements in reading, it is common to analyze a number of canonical dependent measures to study how the effects of a manipulation unfold over time. Although this gives rise to the well-known multiple comparisons problem, i.e. an inflated probability that the null hypothesis is incorrectly rejected (Type I error), it is accepted standard practice not to apply any correction procedures. Instead, there appears to be a widespread belief that corrections are not necessary because the increase in false positives is too small to matter. To our knowledge, no formal argument has ever been presented to justify this assumption. Here, we report a computational investigation of this issue using Monte Carlo simulations. Our results show that, contrary to conventional wisdom, false positives are increased to unacceptable levels when no corrections are applied. Our simulations also show that counter-measures like the Bonferroni correction keep false positives in check while reducing statistical power only moderately. Hence, there is little reason why such corrections should not be made a standard requirement. Further, we discuss three statistical illusions that can arise when statistical power is low, and we show how power can be improved to prevent these illusions. In sum, our work renders a detailed picture of the various types of statistical errors than can occur in studies of reading behavior and we provide concrete guidance about how these errors can be avoided. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{SzendrőiSchumacherFritzscheetal.2017, author = {Szendrői, Kriszta and Schumacher, Rebecca and Fritzsche, Tom and H{\"o}hle, Barbara}, title = {Acquisition of quantifier raising of a universal across an existential}, series = {Glossa : a journal of general linguistics}, volume = {2}, journal = {Glossa : a journal of general linguistics}, publisher = {Open Library of Humanities}, address = {London}, issn = {2397-1835}, pages = {16}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Our paper reports an act out task with German 5- and 6-year olds and adults involving doubly-quantified sentences with a universal object and an existential subject. We found that 5- and 6-year olds allow inverse scope in such sentences, while adults do not. Our findings contribute to a growing body of research (e.g. Gualmini et al. 2008; Musolino 2009, etc.) showing that children are more flexible in their scopal considerations than initially proposed by the Isomorphism proposal (Lidz \& Musolino 2002; Musolino \& Lidz 2006). This result provides support for a theory of German, a "no quantifier raising"-language, in terms of soft violable constraints, or global economy terms (Bobaljik \& Wurmbrand 2012), rather than in terms of hard inviolable constraints or rules (Frey 1993). Finally, the results are compatible with Reinhart's (2004) hypothesis that children do not perform global interface economy considerations due to the increased processing associated with it.}, language = {en} } @article{SzendroiBernardBergeretal.2017, author = {Szendroi, Kriszta and Bernard, Carline and Berger, Frauke and Gervain, Judit and H{\"o}hle, Barbara}, title = {Acquisition of prosodic focus marking by English, French, and German three-, four-, five- and six-year-olds}, series = {Journal of child language}, volume = {45}, journal = {Journal of child language}, number = {1}, publisher = {Cambridge Univ. Press}, address = {New York}, issn = {0305-0009}, doi = {10.1017/S0305000917000071}, pages = {219 -- 241}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Previous research on young children's knowledge of prosodic focus marking has revealed an apparent paradox, with comprehension appearing to lag behind production. Comprehension of prosodic focus is difficult to study experimentally due to its subtle and ambiguous contribution to pragmatic meaning. We designed a novel comprehension task, which revealed that three- to six-year-old children show adult-like comprehension of the prosodic marking of subject and object focus. Our findings thus support the view that production does not precede comprehension in the acquisition of focus. We tested participants speaking English, German, and French. All three languages allow prosodic subject and object focus marking, but use additional syntactic marking to varying degrees (English: dispreferred; German: possible; French preferred). French participants produced fewer subject marked responses than English participants. We found no other cross-linguistic differences. Participants interpreted prosodic focus marking similarly and in an adult-like fashion in all three languages.}, language = {en} } @article{Selting2017, author = {Selting, Margret}, title = {The display and management of affectivity in climaxes of amusing stories}, series = {Journal of pragmatics : an interdisciplinary journal of language studies}, volume = {111}, journal = {Journal of pragmatics : an interdisciplinary journal of language studies}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0378-2166}, doi = {10.1016/j.pragma.2017.01.008}, pages = {1 -- 32}, year = {2017}, language = {en} } @article{SchotterLeinengervonderMalsburg2017, author = {Schotter, Elizabeth Roye and Leinenger, Mallorie and von der Malsburg, Titus Raban}, title = {When your mind skips what your eyes fixate}, series = {Psychonomic bulletin \& review : a journal of the Psychonomic Society}, volume = {25}, journal = {Psychonomic bulletin \& review : a journal of the Psychonomic Society}, number = {5}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {New York}, issn = {1069-9384}, doi = {10.3758/s13423-017-1356-y}, pages = {1884 -- 1890}, year = {2017}, abstract = {The phenomenon of forced fixations suggests that readers sometimes fixate a word (due to oculomotor constraints) even though they intended to skip it (due to parafoveal cognitive-linguistic processing). We investigate whether this leads readers to look directly at a word but not pay attention to it. We used a gaze-contingent boundary paradigm to dissociate parafoveal and foveal information (e.g., the word phone changed to scarf once the reader's eyes moved to it) and asked questions about the sentence to determine which one the reader encoded. When the word was skipped or fixated only briefly (i.e., up to 100 ms) readers were more likely to report reading the parafoveal than the fixated word, suggesting that there are cases in which readers look directly at a word but their minds ignore it, leading to the illusion of reading something they did not fixate.}, language = {en} } @article{RaelingHanneSchroederetal.2017, author = {R{\"a}ling, Romy and Hanne, Sandra and Schr{\"o}der, Astrid and Keßler, Carla and Wartenburger, Isabell}, title = {Judging the animacy of words}, series = {Quarterly journal of experimental psychology}, volume = {70}, journal = {Quarterly journal of experimental psychology}, number = {10}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {1747-0218}, doi = {10.1080/17470218.2016.1223704}, pages = {2094 -- 2104}, year = {2017}, abstract = {The age at which members of a semantic category are learned (age of acquisition), the typicality they demonstrate within their corresponding category, and the semantic domain to which they belong (living, non-living) are known to influence the speed and accuracy of lexical/semantic processing. So far, only a few studies have looked at the origin of age of acquisition and its interdependence with typicality and semantic domain within the same experimental design. Twenty adult participants performed an animacy decision task in which nouns were classified according to their semantic domain as being living or non-living. Response times were influenced by the independent main effects of each parameter: typicality, age of acquisition, semantic domain, and frequency. However, there were no interactions. The results are discussed with respect to recent models concerning the origin of age of acquisition effects.}, language = {en} } @article{PritschTelkemeyerMuehlenbecketal.2017, author = {Pritsch, Carla and Telkemeyer, Silke and M{\"u}hlenbeck, Cordelia and Liebal, Katja}, title = {Perception of facial expressions reveals selective affect-biased attention in humans and orangutans}, series = {Scientific reports}, volume = {7}, journal = {Scientific reports}, publisher = {Nature Publ. Group}, address = {London}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-017-07563-4}, pages = {3001 -- 3023}, year = {2017}, language = {en} } @article{Prieto2017, author = {Prieto, Julio}, title = {From blind shorthand}, series = {Cahiers de LIRICO}, journal = {Cahiers de LIRICO}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}t de Paris}, address = {Saint-Denis}, issn = {2263-2158}, doi = {10.4000/lirico.3807}, pages = {16}, year = {2017}, abstract = {This essay explores the poetics of obscurity that informs Luis Chitarroni's « unfinished novel » The No Variations. Focusing on the « reticent » erudition that distinguishes this text, my analysis examines its dialogue with the paradigm of Borges' erudition and narrative poetics, as well as with certain « counter-Borgesian » constellations in recent Argentine literature. My reading aims to show how Chitarroni's anti-novel reactivates a specific Argentinean tradition of productive illegibility while considering how it relates to the practices of « impediment » and « aesthetic reduction » that pervade modern art and literature.}, language = {en} } @article{PetroneTruckenbrodtWellmannetal.2017, author = {Petrone, Caterina and Truckenbrodt, Hubert and Wellmann, Caroline and Holzgrefe-Lang, Julia and Wartenburger, Isabell and H{\"o}hle, Barbara}, title = {Prosodic boundary cues in German}, series = {Journal of phonetics}, volume = {61}, journal = {Journal of phonetics}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {London}, issn = {0095-4470}, doi = {10.1016/j.wocn.2017.01.002}, pages = {71 -- 92}, year = {2017}, abstract = {This study investigates prosodic phrasing of bracketed lists in German. We analyze variation in pauses, phrase-final lengthening and f0 in speech production and how these cues affect boundary perception. In line with the literature, it was found that pauses are often used to signal intonation phrase boundaries, while final lengthening and f0 are employed across different levels of the prosodic hierarchy. Deviations from expectations based on the standard syntax-prosody mapping are interpreted in terms of task-specific effects. That is, we argue that speakers add/delete prosodic boundaries to enhance the phonological contrast between different bracketings in the experimental task. In perception, three experiments were run, in which we tested only single cues (but temporally distributed at different locations of the sentences). Results from identification tasks and reaction time measurements indicate that pauses lead to a more abrupt shift in listeners׳ prosodic judgments, while f0 and final lengthening are exploited in a more gradient manner. Hence, pauses, final lengthening and f0 have an impact on boundary perception, though listeners show different sensitivity to the three acoustic cues.}, language = {en} } @article{PattersonEsaulovaFelser2017, author = {Patterson, Clare and Esaulova, Yulia and Felser, Claudia}, title = {The impact of focus on pronoun resolution in native and non-native sentence comprehension}, series = {Second language research}, volume = {33}, journal = {Second language research}, publisher = {Sage Publ.}, address = {London}, issn = {0267-6583}, doi = {10.1177/0267658317697786}, pages = {403 -- 429}, year = {2017}, language = {en} } @article{PaapeNicenboimVasishth2017, author = {Paape, Dario L. J. F. and Nicenboim, Bruno and Vasishth, Shravan}, title = {Does antecedent complexity affect ellipsis processing?}, series = {Glossa : a journal of general linguistics}, volume = {2}, journal = {Glossa : a journal of general linguistics}, number = {1}, publisher = {Ubiquity Press}, address = {London}, issn = {2397-1835}, doi = {10.5334/gjgl.290}, pages = {1 -- 29}, year = {2017}, abstract = {In two self-paced reading experiments, we investigated the effect of changes in antecedent complexity on processing times for ellipsis. Pointer- or "sharing"-based approaches to ellipsis processing (Frazier \& Clifton 2001, 2005; Martin \& McElree 2008) predict no effect of antecedent complexity on reading times at the ellipsis site while other accounts predict increased antecedent complexity to either slow down processing (Murphy 1985) or to speed it up (Hofmeister 2011). Experiment 1 manipulated antecedent complexity and elision, yielding evidence against a speedup at the ellipsis site and in favor of a null effect. In order to investigate possible superficial processing on part of participants, Experiment 2 manipulated the amount of attention required to correctly respond to end-of-sentence comprehension probes, yielding evidence against a complexity-induced slowdown at the ellipsis site. Overall, our results are compatible with pointer-based approaches while casting doubt on the notion that changes antecedent complexity lead to measurable differences in ellipsis processing speed.}, language = {en} } @article{ObrigMockStephanetal.2017, author = {Obrig, Hellmuth and Mock, Julia and Stephan, Franziska and Richter, Maria and Vignotto, Micol and Rossi, Sonja}, title = {Impact of associative word learning on phonotactic processing in 6-month-old infants: A combined EEG and fNIRS study}, series = {Developmental cognitive neuroscience : a journal for cognitive, affective and social developmental neuroscience}, volume = {25}, journal = {Developmental cognitive neuroscience : a journal for cognitive, affective and social developmental neuroscience}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {1878-9293}, doi = {10.1016/j.dcn.2016.09.001}, pages = {185 -- 197}, year = {2017}, language = {en} } @article{Mucha2017, author = {Mucha, Anne}, title = {Past interpretation and graded tense in Medumba}, series = {Natural language semantics : an international journal of semantics and its interfaces in grammar}, volume = {25}, journal = {Natural language semantics : an international journal of semantics and its interfaces in grammar}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Dordrecht}, issn = {0925-854X}, doi = {10.1007/s11050-016-9128-1}, pages = {1 -- 52}, year = {2017}, abstract = {This paper provides a formal semantic analysis of past interpretation in Medumba (Grassfields Bantu), a graded tense language. Based on original fieldwork, the study explores the empirical behavior and meaning contribution of graded past morphemes in Medumba and relates these to the account of the phenomenon proposed in Cable (Nat Lang Semant 21:219-276, 2013) for GA (c) ky. Investigation reveals that the behavior of Medumba gradedness markers differs from that of their GA (c) ky counterparts in meaningful ways and, more broadly, discourages an analysis as presuppositional eventuality or reference time modifiers. Instead, the Medumba markers are most appropriately analyzed as quantificational tenses. It also turns out that Medumba, though belonging to the typological class of graded tense languages, shows intriguing similarities to genuinely tenseless languages in allowing for temporally unmarked sentences and exploiting aspectual and pragmatic cues for reference time resolution. The more general cross-linguistic implication of the study is that the set of languages often subsumed under the label "graded tense" does not in fact form a natural class and that more case-by-case research is needed to refine this category.}, language = {en} } @article{Miklashevsky2017, author = {Miklashevsky, Alex A.}, title = {О высоком и низком: пространственная семантика абстрактных и конкретных существительных}, series = {Tomsk state university journal}, journal = {Tomsk state university journal}, number = {424}, publisher = {Tomsk Stata Univ}, address = {Tomsk}, issn = {1561-7793}, doi = {10.17223/15617793/424/4}, pages = {26 -- 34}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Aim and material: In the present study, the data of the rating study presented earlier, where participants estimated the position of an object or phenomenon in vertical space by using the seven-point Likert scale, are used in order to systematically describe spatial information included in language units of different semantic categories. Background: The role of spatial semantics in language understanding is assumed by modern cognition theories and confirmed in experimental studies. Hypotheses: Based on conceptual metaphor theory, a number of hypotheses are proposed in the present study: different semantic categories of nouns (e.g., tools vs. animals vs. emotions etc.) should significantly differ in their spatial semantics as well; different semantic categories of abstract nouns (e.g., mental states vs. emotions vs. physical sensations) should also differ in their spatial semantics, as the latter is included in their conceptual structure; mental states and phenomena (e.g., imagination, thought or memory) should have higher values (i.e., be located higher in the virtual subjective space) than any other abstract concepts; emotional concepts (e.g., love, disgust or happiness) should be located higher than physical sensations (e.g., pain or softness); positive emotions (like joy or euphoria) should be located higher than negative ones (like feeling of guilt or disappointment). Methods: Statistical methods (parametric and non-parametric ones) are used in order to test the hypotheses. As additional cross-testing methods corpora data and expert assessment are included. Results: The results of the study confirmed all the hypotheses. A number of additional regularities were revealed: in general, abstract concepts get higher values on a scale, i.e., are located higher in the virtual subjective space than concrete ones; tool concepts are related more to the lower space, unlike sound concepts that are related to higher space. No difference was found between action concepts (like attack or running) and physical sensations. Discussion: The results obtained can also be explained in terms of other theories within the embodied cognition framework, as it is discussed in the conclusion (words as social tools by A. Borghi and F. Binkofski; ideas by G. Vigliocco and neurosemantic approach by F. Pulvermuller). The need in an integrative model and larger studies with other semantic categories is underlined.}, language = {ru} }