@article{RogozaFatfouta2019, author = {Rogoza, Radoslaw and Fatfouta, Ramzi}, title = {Normal and pathological communal narcissism in relation to personality traits and values}, series = {Personality and individual differences : an international journal of research into the structure and development of personality, and the causation of individual differences}, volume = {140}, journal = {Personality and individual differences : an international journal of research into the structure and development of personality, and the causation of individual differences}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0191-8869}, doi = {10.1016/j.paid.2018.03.039}, pages = {76 -- 81}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Communal narcissism can be defined as grandiose self-views in the communal domain. Within the literature, two forms of communal narcissism, normal and pathological, can be distinguished. However, no study to date has investigated their convergence and divergence. Using a large community sample (N = 781), the current study aimed to fill this gap through examination of 1) the distinctiveness of normal and pathological communal narcissism; 2) their relationship to broad personality characteristics; and 3) values. Results suggest that 1) normal and pathological communal narcissism are structurally distinct constructs; 2) the difference in relation to personality characteristics is limited to neuroticism; and 3) they share the values of self-enhancement and self transcendence.}, language = {en} } @article{RichterLucksnatReddingetal.2022, author = {Richter, Eric and Lucksnat, Christin and Redding, Christopher and Richter, Dirk}, title = {Retention intention and job satisfaction of alternatively certified teachers in their first year of teaching}, series = {Teaching and Teacher Education}, volume = {114}, journal = {Teaching and Teacher Education}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0742-051X}, doi = {10.1016/j.tate.2022.103704}, pages = {11}, year = {2022}, abstract = {In this study, we investigated retention intention and job satisfaction of 238 first-year alternatively certified (AC) teachers. Drawing on Organizational Socialization Theory, we tested the hypothesis that AC teacher extraversion and perceived school support are positively related to the two variables and mediated by self-efficacy. To test our hypothesis, we applied structural equation modeling. Our results demonstrate that extraversion and perceived social support are positively related to retention intentions and job satisfaction. In addition, self-efficacy serves as a mediator. The findings could help school administrators to better understand how to support and retain AC teachers and thus address teacher shortages.}, language = {en} } @article{PreussHennecke2018, author = {Preuss, Malte and Hennecke, Juliane}, title = {Biased by success and failure}, series = {Labour economics : an international journal}, volume = {53}, journal = {Labour economics : an international journal}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0927-5371}, doi = {10.1016/j.labeco.2018.05.007}, pages = {63 -- 74}, year = {2018}, abstract = {We test the stability of locus of control, a measure that has been attributed substantial explanatory power for economic outcomes since it depicts how much people believe in their ability to affect life outcomes. Using the German Socio-Economic Panel, we find that a job loss due to a plant closure has no long-lasting effect on locus of control. The common assumption of its stability is thus not rejected. However, during unemployment, control perception decreases by 30 percent of one standard deviation. The effect holds true independent from unemployment duration or socio-demographic characteristics and vanishes as soon as the unemployed find a new job. We therefore conclude that stated locus of control is affected by unemployment. Using this trait as explanatory variable can thus lead to biased estimations when this temporary deviation in measurement is not accounted for.}, language = {en} } @article{MontiglioDammhahnMessieretal.2018, author = {Montiglio, Pierre-Olivier and Dammhahn, Melanie and Messier, Gabrielle Dubuc and Reale, Denis}, title = {The pace-of-life syndrome revisited}, series = {Behavioral ecology and sociobiology}, volume = {72}, journal = {Behavioral ecology and sociobiology}, number = {7}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {New York}, issn = {0340-5443}, doi = {10.1007/s00265-018-2526-2}, pages = {9}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The pace-of-life syndrome (i.e., POLS) hypothesis posits that behavioral and physiological traits mediate the trade-off between current and future reproduction. This hypothesis predicts that life history, behavioral, and physiological traits will covary under clearly defined conditions. Empirical tests are equivocal and suggest that the conditions necessary for the POLS to emerge are not always met. We nuance and expand the POLS hypothesis to consider alternative relationships among behavior, physiology, and life history. These relationships will vary with the nature of predation risk, the challenges posed by resource acquisition, and the energy management strategies of organisms. We also discuss how the plastic response of behavior, physiology, and life history to changes in ecological conditions and variation in resource acquisition among individuals determine our ability to detect a fast-slow pace of life in the first place or associations among these traits. Future empirical studies will provide most insights on the coevolution among behavior, physiology, and life history by investigating these traits both at the genetic and phenotypic levels in varying types of predation regimes and levels of resource abundance.}, language = {en} } @article{MazzaDammhahnEccardetal.2019, author = {Mazza, Valeria and Dammhahn, Melanie and Eccard, Jana and Palme, Rupert and Zaccaroni, Marco and Jacob, Jens}, title = {Coping with style: individual differences in responses to environmental variation}, series = {Behavioral ecology and sociobiology}, volume = {73}, journal = {Behavioral ecology and sociobiology}, number = {10}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {New York}, issn = {0340-5443}, doi = {10.1007/s00265-019-2760-2}, pages = {11}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Between-individual differences in coping with stress encompass neurophysiological, cognitive and behavioural reactions. The coping style model proposes two alternative response patterns to challenges that integrate these types of reactions. The "proactive strategy" combines a general fight-or-flight response and inflexibility in learning with a relatively low HPA (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal) response. The "reactive strategy" includes risk aversion, flexibility in learning and an enhanced HPA response. Although numerous studies have investigated the possible covariance of cognitive, behavioural and physiological responses, findings are still mixed. In the present study, we tested the predictions of the coping style model in an unselected population of bank voles (Myodes glareolus) (N = 70). We measured the voles' boldness, activity, speed and flexibility in learning and faecal corticosterone metabolite levels under three conditions (holding in indoor cages, in outdoor enclosures and during open field test). Individuals were moderately consistent in their HPA response across situations. Proactive voles had significantly lower corticosterone levels than reactive conspecifics in indoor and outdoor conditions. However, we could not find any co-variation between cognitive and behavioural traits and corticosterone levels in the open field test. Our results partially support the original coping style model but suggest a more complex relationship between cognitive, behavioural and endocrine responses than was initially proposed.}, language = {en} } @article{KramerNagyTrautweinetal.2011, author = {Kramer, Jochen and Nagy, Gabriel and Trautwein, Ulrich and Luedtke, Oliver and Jonkmann, Kathrin and Maaz, Kai and Treptow, Rainer}, title = {High class students in the universities, the rest in the other institutions of higher education}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Erziehungswissenschaft}, volume = {14}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Erziehungswissenschaft}, number = {3}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Wiesbaden}, issn = {1434-663X}, doi = {10.1007/s11618-011-0213-4}, pages = {465 -- 487}, year = {2011}, abstract = {In Germany, different types of university-level institutions are available for tertiary education: traditional universities (Universitaten) and-since the 1970s-universities of applied science (Fachhochschulen) as well as universities of cooperative education (Berufsakademien). The present study investigates differences in key areas related to students' academic choices and success: do students at different types of university differ significantly in terms of cognitive performance, personality or social background? We compared N = 1.230 students at traditional universities, universities of applied science, and universities of cooperative education (Baden-Wurttemberg Cooperative State University) on the basis of a large scale longitudinal study in the German federal state of Baden-Wurttemberg. Students of the different university types differed significantly in all three key areas (cognitive performance, personality, and social background) within the fields of technical sciences and economics. We determine the relative importance of these key areas for differences between university types and we discuss the implications of our findings.}, language = {de} } @article{KononKritikos2018, author = {Konon, Alexander and Kritikos, Alexander}, title = {Prediction based on entrepreneurship-prone personality profiles:}, series = {Small business economics : an international journal}, volume = {53}, journal = {Small business economics : an international journal}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Dordrecht}, issn = {0921-898X}, doi = {10.1007/s11187-018-0111-8}, pages = {1 -- 20}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The human personality predicts a wide range of activities and occupational choices-from musical sophistication to entrepreneurial careers. However, which method should be applied if information on personality traits is used for prediction and advice? In psychological research, group profiles are widely employed. In this contribution, we examine the performance of profiles using the example of career prediction and advice, involving a comparison of average trait scores of successful entrepreneurs with the traits of potential entrepreneurs. Based on a simple theoretical model estimated with GSOEP data and analyzed with Monte Carlo methods, we show, for the first time, that the choice of the comparison method matters substantially. We reveal that under certain conditions the performance of average profiles is inferior to the tossing of a coin. Alternative methods, such as directly estimating success probabilities, deliver better performance and are more robust.}, language = {en} } @article{JonkmannBeckerMarshetal.2012, author = {Jonkmann, Kathrin and Becker, Michael and Marsh, Herbert W. and L{\"u}dtke, Oliver and Trautwein, Ulrich}, title = {Personality traits moderate the Big-Fish-Little-Pond Effect of academic self-concept}, series = {Learning and individual differences}, volume = {22}, journal = {Learning and individual differences}, number = {6}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1041-6080}, doi = {10.1016/j.lindif.2012.07.020}, pages = {736 -- 746}, year = {2012}, abstract = {Equally able students have lower academic self-concepts in high-achieving classrooms than in low-achieving classrooms. This highly general and robust frame of reference effect is widely known as the Big-Fish-Little-Pond Effect (BFLPE; Marsh, 1987). This study contributes to research aiming to identify moderators of the BFLPE by investigating the effects of students' personality (i.e. Big Five traits and narcissism). Multilevel structural equation modeling was used to test the moderator hypotheses, drawing on data from a large sample of N= 4973 upper secondary track students (M age = 19.57). Consistent with a priori predictions, the negative effect of school-average achievement (the BFLPE) interacted significantly with narcissism. Students high in narcissism experienced smaller BFLPEs than did students with low or average levels of narcissism. The statistically significant effect for neuroticism acted in the opposite direction. The study illustrates how personality moderates frame of reference effects that are central to self-concept formation.}, language = {en} } @article{Fatfouta2019, author = {Fatfouta, Ramzi}, title = {Facets of narcissism and leadership: A tale of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde?}, series = {Human resource management review}, volume = {29}, journal = {Human resource management review}, number = {4}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1053-4822}, doi = {10.1016/j.hrmr.2018.10.002}, pages = {12}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Research on narcissism continues to develop at a rapid pace. Yet, researchers from different disciplines are still divided over whether narcissists are good versus bad leaders. On the one hand, narcissists' bright qualities (e.g., charisma) are associated with positive outcomes at different levels of analysis from subordinates, to peers, and the organization as a whole. On the other hand, however, narcissists' dark qualities (e.g., entitlement) are associated with a number of counterproductive work behaviors, causing organizations to falter. The present article adds to and extends the traditional good-versus-bad debate about narcissistic leadership and pursues three goals: (a) to critically review the literature on narcissistic leaders and their behaviors in the workplace, (b) to provide tangible recommendations for how to best assess, select, and develop narcissistic leaders, and (c) to highlight future directions and ongoing challenges ahead in the field of narcissistic leadership.}, language = {en} } @article{Fatfouta2017, author = {Fatfouta, Ramzi}, title = {To be alone or not to be alone? Facets of narcissism and preference for solitude}, series = {Personality and individual differences : an international journal of research into the structure and development of personality, and the causation of individual differences}, volume = {114}, journal = {Personality and individual differences : an international journal of research into the structure and development of personality, and the causation of individual differences}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0191-8869}, doi = {10.1016/j.paid.2017.03.047}, pages = {1 -- 4}, year = {2017}, language = {en} } @article{CaliendoKuennWeissenberger2016, author = {Caliendo, Marco and Kuenn, Steffen and Weißenberger, Martin}, title = {Personality traits and the evaluation of start-up subsidies}, series = {European economic review}, volume = {86}, journal = {European economic review}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0014-2921}, doi = {10.1016/j.euroecorev.2015.11.008}, pages = {87 -- 108}, year = {2016}, abstract = {Many countries support business start-ups to spur economic growth and reduce unemployment with different programmes. Evaluation studies of such programmes commonly rely on the conditional independence assumption (CIA), allowing a causal interpretation of the results only if all relevant variables affecting participation and success are accounted for. While the entrepreneurship literature has emphasised the important role of personality traits as predictors for start-up decisions and business success, these variables were neglected in evaluation studies so far due to data limitations. In this paper, we evaluate a new start-up subsidy for unemployed individuals in Germany using propensity score matching under the CIA. Having access to rich administrative-survey data allows us to incorporate usually unobserved personality measures in the evaluation and investigate their impact on the estimated effects. We find strong positive effects on labour market reintegration and earned income for the new programme. Most importantly, results including and excluding individuals\&\#1523; personalities do not differ significantly, implying that concerns about potential overestimation of programme effects in the absence of personality measures might be less justified if the set of other control variables is rich enough.}, language = {en} } @article{CaliendoFossenKritikos2014, author = {Caliendo, Marco and Fossen, Frank and Kritikos, Alexander}, title = {Personality characteristics and the decisions to become and stay self-employed}, series = {Small business economics : an international journal}, volume = {42}, journal = {Small business economics : an international journal}, number = {4}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Dordrecht}, issn = {0921-898X}, doi = {10.1007/s11187-013-9514-8}, pages = {787 -- 814}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Based on a large, representative German household panel, we investigate to what extent the personality of individuals influences the entry decision into and the exit decision from self-employment. We reveal that some traits, such as openness to experience, extraversion, and risk tolerance affect entry, but different ones, such as agreeableness or different parameter values of risk tolerance, affect exit from self-employment. Only locus of control has a similar influence on the entry and exit decisions. The explanatory power of all observed traits among all observable variables amounts to 30 \%, with risk tolerance, locus of control, and openness having the highest explanatory power.}, language = {en} }