@unpublished{Buerger2014, author = {B{\"u}rger, Gerd}, title = {Comment on "Bias correction, quantile mapping, and downscaling: revisiting the inflation issue"}, series = {Journal of climate}, volume = {27}, journal = {Journal of climate}, number = {4}, publisher = {American Meteorological Soc.}, address = {Boston}, issn = {0894-8755}, doi = {10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00184.1}, pages = {1819 -- 1820}, year = {2014}, abstract = {In a recent paper, Maraun describes the adverse effects of quantile mapping on downscaling. He argues that when large-scale GCM variables are rescaled directly to small-scale fields or even station data, genuine small-scale covariability is lost and replaced by uniform variability inherited from the larger scales. This leads to a misrepresentation mainly of areal means and long-term trends. This comment acknowledges the former point, although the argument is relatively old, but disagrees with the latter, showing that grid-size long-term trends can be different from local trends. Finally, because it is partly incorrectly addressed, some clarification is added regarding the inflation issue, stressing that neither randomization nor inflation is free of unverified assumptions.}, language = {en} } @unpublished{FoehlischdeGrootOdeliusetal.2014, author = {F{\"o}hlisch, Alexander and de Groot, F. M. F. and Odelius, Michael and Techert, Simone and Wernet, P.}, title = {Comment on "state-dependent electron delocalization dynamics at the solute-solvent interface: soft-x-ray absorption spectroscopy and lambda b initio calculations"}, series = {Physical review letters}, volume = {112}, journal = {Physical review letters}, number = {12}, publisher = {American Physical Society}, address = {College Park}, issn = {0031-9007}, doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.129302}, pages = {2}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @article{TadaGrossart2014, author = {Tada, Yuya and Grossart, Hans-Peter}, title = {Community shifts of actively growing lake bacteria after N-acetyl-glucosamine addition: improving the BrdU-FACS method}, series = {The ISME journal : multidisciplinary journal of microbial ecology}, volume = {8}, journal = {The ISME journal : multidisciplinary journal of microbial ecology}, number = {2}, publisher = {Nature Publ. Group}, address = {London}, issn = {1751-7362}, doi = {10.1038/ismej.2013.148}, pages = {441 -- 454}, year = {2014}, abstract = {In aquatic environments, community dynamics of bacteria, especially actively growing bacteria (AGB), are tightly linked with dissolved organic matter (DOM) quantity and quality. We analyzed the community dynamics of DNA-synthesizing and accordingly AGB by linking an improved bromodeoxyuridine immunocytochemistry approach with fluorescence-activated cell sorting (BrdU-FACS). FACS-sorted cells of even oligotrophic ecosystems in winter were characterized by 16S rRNA gene analysis. In incubation experiments, we examined community shifts of AGB in response to the addition of N-acetyl-glucosamine (NAG), one of the most abundant aminosugars in aquatic systems. Our improved BrdU-FACS analysis revealed that AGB winter communities of oligotrophic Lake Stechlin (northeastern Germany) substantially differ from those of total bacteria and consist of Alpha-, Beta-, Gamma-, Deltaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Candidatus OP10 and Chloroflexi. AGB populations with different BrdU-fluorescence intensities and cell sizes represented different phylotypes suggesting that single-cell growth potential varies at the taxon level. NAG incubation experiments demonstrated that a variety of widespread taxa related to Alpha-, Beta-, Gammaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Planctomycetes, Spirochaetes, Verrucomicrobia and Chloroflexi actively grow in the presence of NAG. The BrdU-FACS approach enables detailed phylogenetic studies of AGB and, thus, to identify those phylotypes which are potential key players in aquatic DOM cycling.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Brem2014, author = {Brem, Patrick}, title = {Compact objects in dense astrophysical environments}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {173}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @misc{SchedinaHartmannGrothetal.2014, author = {Schedina, Ina Maria and Hartmann, Stefanie and Groth, Detlef and Schlupp, Ingo and Tiedemann, Ralph}, title = {Comparative analysis of the gonadal transcriptomes of the all-female species Poecilia formosa and its maternal ancestor Poecilia mexicana}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-401420}, pages = {10}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Background The Amazon molly, Poecilia formosa (Teleostei: Poeciliinae) is an unisexual, all-female species. It evolved through the hybridisation of two closely related sexual species and exhibits clonal reproduction by sperm dependent parthenogenesis (or gynogenesis) where the sperm of a parental species is only used to activate embryogenesis of the apomictic, diploid eggs but does not contribute genetic material to the offspring. Here we provide and describe the first de novo assembled transcriptome of the Amazon molly in comparison with its maternal ancestor, the Atlantic molly Poecilia mexicana. The transcriptome data were produced through sequencing of single end libraries (100 bp) with the Illumina sequencing technique. Results 83,504,382 reads for the Amazon molly and 81,625,840 for the Atlantic molly were assembled into 127,283 and 78,961 contigs for the Amazon molly and the Atlantic molly, respectively. 63\% resp. 57\% of the contigs could be annotated with gene ontology terms after sequence similarity comparisons. Furthermore, we were able to identify genes normally involved in reproduction and especially in meiosis also in the transcriptome dataset of the apomictic reproducing Amazon molly. Conclusions We assembled and annotated the transcriptome of a non-model organism, the Amazon molly, without a reference genome (de novo). The obtained dataset is a fundamental resource for future research in functional and expression analysis. Also, the presence of 30 meiosis-specific genes within a species where no meiosis is known to take place is remarkable and raises new questions for future research.}, language = {en} } @article{KuhneDippongFlemigetal.2014, author = {Kuhne, Maren and Dippong, Martin and Flemig, Sabine and Hoffmann, Katrin and Petsch, Kristin and Schenk, J{\"o}rg A. and Kunte, Hans-J{\"o}rg and Schneider, Rudolf J.}, title = {Comparative characterization of mAb producing hapten-specific hybridoma cells by flow cytometric analysis and ELISA}, series = {Journal of immunological methods}, volume = {413}, journal = {Journal of immunological methods}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0022-1759}, doi = {10.1016/j.jim.2014.07.004}, pages = {45 -- 56}, year = {2014}, abstract = {A novel method that optimizes the screening for antibody-secreting hapten-specific hybridoma cells by using flow cytometry is described. Cell clones specific for five different haptens were analyzed. We selectively double stained and analyzed fixed hybridoma cells with fluorophore-labeled haptens to demonstrate the target-selectivity, and with a fluorophore-labeled anti-mouse IgG antibody to characterize the level of surface expression of membrane-bound IgGs. ELISA measurements with the supernatants of the individual hybridoma clones revealed that antibodies from those cells, which showed the highest fluorescence intensities in the flow cytometric analysis, also displayed the highest affinities for the target antigens. The fluorescence intensity of antibody-producing cells corresponded well with the produced antibodies' affinities toward their respective antigens. Immunohistochemical staining verified the successful double labeling of the cells. Our method makes it possible to perform a high-throughput screening for hybridoma cells, which have both an adequate IgG production rate and a high target affinity. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{Cheesman2014, author = {Cheesman, Samantha Joy}, title = {Comparative Perspectives on Plea Bargaining in Germany and the U.S.A.}, series = {Rechtsentwicklungen aus europ{\"a}ischer Perspektive im 21. Jahrhundert}, journal = {Rechtsentwicklungen aus europ{\"a}ischer Perspektive im 21. Jahrhundert}, number = {2}, editor = {Bad{\´o}, Attila and Belling, Detlev W.}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-74572}, pages = {113 -- 151}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @article{GhylinGarciaMoyaetal.2014, author = {Ghylin, Trevor W. and Garcia, Sarahi L. and Moya, Francisco and Oyserman, Ben O. and Schwientek, Patrick and Forest, Katrina T. and Mutschler, James and Dwulit-Smith, Jeffrey and Chan, Leong-Keat and Martinez-Garcia, Manuel and Sczyrba, Alexander and Stepanauskas, Ramunas and Grossart, Hans-Peter and Woyke, Tanja and Warnecke, Falk and Malmstrom, Rex and Bertilsson, Stefan and McMahon, Katherine D.}, title = {Comparative single-cell genomics reveals potential ecological niches for the freshwater acl Actinobacteria lineage}, series = {The ISME journal : multidisciplinary journal of microbial ecology}, volume = {8}, journal = {The ISME journal : multidisciplinary journal of microbial ecology}, number = {12}, publisher = {Nature Publ. Group}, address = {London}, issn = {1751-7362}, doi = {10.1038/ismej.2014.135}, pages = {2503 -- 2516}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Members of the acI lineage of Actinobacteria are the most abundant microorganisms in most freshwater lakes; however, our understanding of the keys to their success and their role in carbon and nutrient cycling in freshwater systems has been hampered by the lack of pure cultures and genomes. We obtained draft genome assemblies from 11 single cells representing three acI tribes (acI-A1, acI-A7, acI-B1) from four temperate lakes in the United States and Europe. Comparative analysis of acI SAGs and other available freshwater bacterial genomes showed that acI has more gene content directed toward carbohydrate acquisition as compared to Polynucleobacter and LD12 Alphaproteobacteria, which seem to specialize more on carboxylic acids. The acI genomes contain actinorhodopsin as well as some genes involved in anaplerotic carbon fixation indicating the capacity to supplement their known heterotrophic lifestyle. Genome-level differences between the acI-A and acI-B clades suggest specialization at the clade level for carbon substrate acquisition. Overall, the acI genomes appear to be highly streamlined versions of Actinobacteria that include some genes allowing it to take advantage of sunlight and N-rich organic compounds such as polyamines, di-and oligopeptides, branched-chain amino acids and cyanophycin. This work significantly expands the known metabolic potential of the cosmopolitan freshwater acI lineage and its ecological and genetic traits.}, language = {en} } @article{AichLierschVetteretal.2014, author = {Aich, Valentin and Liersch, Stefan and Vetter, T. and Huang, S. and Tecklenburg, J. and Hoffmann, P. and Koch, H. and Fournet, S. and Krysanova, Valentina and Mueller, N. and Hattermann, Fred}, title = {Comparing impacts of climate change on streamflow in four large African river basins}, series = {Hydrology and earth system sciences : HESS}, volume = {18}, journal = {Hydrology and earth system sciences : HESS}, number = {4}, publisher = {Copernicus}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, issn = {1027-5606}, doi = {10.5194/hess-18-1305-2014}, pages = {1305 -- 1321}, year = {2014}, abstract = {This study aims to compare impacts of climate change on streamflow in four large representative African river basins: the Niger, the Upper Blue Nile, the Oubangui and the Limpopo. We set up the eco-hydrological model SWIM (Soil and Water Integrated Model) for all four basins individually. The validation of the models for four basins shows results from adequate to very good, depending on the quality and availability of input and calibration data. For the climate impact assessment, we drive the model with outputs of five bias corrected Earth system models of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) for the representative concentration pathways (RCPs) 2.6 and 8.5. This climate input is put into the context of climate trends of the whole African continent and compared to a CMIP5 ensemble of 19 models in order to test their representativeness. Subsequently, we compare the trends in mean discharges, seasonality and hydrological extremes in the 21st century. The uncertainty of results for all basins is high. Still, climate change impact is clearly visible for mean discharges but also for extremes in high and low flows. The uncertainty of the projections is the lowest in the Upper Blue Nile, where an increase in streamflow is most likely. In the Niger and the Limpopo basins, the magnitude of trends in both directions is high and has a wide range of uncertainty. In the Oubangui, impacts are the least significant. Our results confirm partly the findings of previous continental impact analyses for Africa. However, contradictory to these studies we find a tendency for increased streamflows in three of the four basins (not for the Oubangui). Guided by these results, we argue for attention to the possible risks of increasing high flows in the face of the dominant water scarcity in Africa. In conclusion, the study shows that impact intercomparisons have added value to the adaptation discussion and may be used for setting up adaptation plans in the context of a holistic approach.}, language = {en} } @article{LorenzSaalfrank2014, author = {Lorenz, Ute and Saalfrank, Peter}, title = {Comparing thermal wave function methods for multi-configuration time-dependent Hartree simulations}, series = {The journal of chemical physics : bridges a gap between journals of physics and journals of chemistr}, volume = {140}, journal = {The journal of chemical physics : bridges a gap between journals of physics and journals of chemistr}, number = {4}, publisher = {American Institute of Physics}, address = {Melville}, issn = {0021-9606}, doi = {10.1063/1.4862739}, pages = {5}, year = {2014}, abstract = {We compare two methods for creating stochastic temperature wave functions that can be used for Multi-Configuration Time-Dependent Hartree (MCTDH) simulations. In the first method, the MCTDH coefficients are chosen randomly, while the other method uses a single Hartree product of random single-particle functions (SPFs). We find that using random SPFs dramatically improves convergence for a model system for surface sticking.}, language = {en} } @article{LangeBedfordMorenoetal.2014, author = {Lange, Dietrich and Bedford, J. R. and Moreno, M. and Tilmann, F. and B{\´a}ez, Juan Carlos and Bevis, M. and Kr{\"u}ger, Frank}, title = {Comparison of postseismic afterslip models with aftershock seismicity for three subduction-zone earthquakes: Nias 2005, Maule 2010 and Tohoku 2011}, series = {Geophysical journal international}, volume = {199}, journal = {Geophysical journal international}, number = {2}, publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0956-540X}, doi = {10.1093/gji/ggu292}, pages = {784 -- 799}, year = {2014}, abstract = {We focus on the relation between seismic and total postseismic afterslip following the Maule M-w 8.8 earthquake on 2010 February 27 in central Chile. First, we calculate the cumulative slip released by aftershock seismicity. We do this by summing up the aftershock regions and slip estimated from scaling relations. Comparing the cumulative seismic slip with afterslip modelswe showthat seismic slip of individual aftershocks exceeds locally the inverted afterslip model from geodetic constraints. As the afterslip model implicitly contains the displacements from the aftershocks, this reflects the tendency of afterslip models to smear out the actual slip pattern. However, it also suggests that locally slip for a number of the larger aftershocks exceeds the aseismic slip in spite of the fact that the total equivalent moment of the afterslip exceeds the cumulative moment of aftershocks by a large factor. This effect, seen weakly for the Maule 2010 and also for the Tohoku 2011 earthquake, can be explained by taking into account the uncertainties of the seismicity and afterslip models. In spite of uncertainties, the hypocentral region of the Nias 2005 earthquake is suggested to release a large fraction of moment almost purely seismically. Therefore, these aftershocks are not driven solely by the afterslip but instead their slip areas have probably been stressed by interseismic loading and the mainshock rupture. In a second step, we divide the megathrust of the Maule 2010 rupture into discrete cells and count the number of aftershocks that occur within 50 km of the centre of each cell as a function of time. We then compare this number to a time-dependent afterslip model by defining the 'afterslip to aftershock ratio' (ASAR) for each cell as the slope of the best fitting line when the afterslip at time t is plotted against aftershock count. Although we find a linear relation between afterslip and aftershocks for most cells, there is significant variability in ASAR in both the downdip and along-strike directions of the megathrust. We compare the spatial distribution of ASAR with the spatial distribution of seismic coupling, coseismic slip and Bouguer gravity anomaly, and in each case we find no significant correlation.}, language = {en} } @article{DouglasAkkarAmerietal.2014, author = {Douglas, John and Akkar, Sinan and Ameri, Gabriele and Bard, Pierre-Yves and Bindi, Dino and Bommer, Julian J. and Bora, Sanjay Singh and Cotton, Fabrice and Derras, Boumediene and Hermkes, Marcel and Kuehn, Nicolas Martin and Luzi, Lucia and Massa, Marco and Pacor, Francesca and Riggelsen, Carsten and Sandikkaya, M. Abdullah and Scherbaum, Frank and Stafford, Peter J. and Traversa, Paola}, title = {Comparisons among the five ground-motion models developed using RESORCE for the prediction of response spectral accelerations due to earthquakes in Europe and the Middle East}, series = {Bulletin of earthquake engineering : official publication of the European Association for Earthquake Engineering}, volume = {12}, journal = {Bulletin of earthquake engineering : official publication of the European Association for Earthquake Engineering}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Dordrecht}, issn = {1570-761X}, doi = {10.1007/s10518-013-9522-8}, pages = {341 -- 358}, year = {2014}, abstract = {This article presents comparisons among the five ground-motion models described in other articles within this special issue, in terms of data selection criteria, characteristics of the models and predicted peak ground and response spectral accelerations. Comparisons are also made with predictions from the Next Generation Attenuation (NGA) models to which the models presented here have similarities (e.g. a common master database has been used) but also differences (e.g. some models in this issue are nonparametric). As a result of the differing data selection criteria and derivation techniques the predicted median ground motions show considerable differences (up to a factor of two for certain scenarios), particularly for magnitudes and distances close to or beyond the range of the available observations. The predicted influence of style-of-faulting shows much variation among models whereas site amplification factors are more similar, with peak amplification at around 1s. These differences are greater than those among predictions from the NGA models. The models for aleatory variability (sigma), however, are similar and suggest that ground-motion variability from this region is slightly higher than that predicted by the NGA models, based primarily on data from California and Taiwan.}, language = {en} } @article{SpoererSchuenemann2014, author = {Sp{\"o}rer, Nadine and Schuenemann, Nina}, title = {competence: Analyzing effects on reading comprehension, reading strategy performance, and motivation for reading}, series = {Learning and instruction : the journal of the European Association for Research on Learning and Instruction}, volume = {33}, journal = {Learning and instruction : the journal of the European Association for Research on Learning and Instruction}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0959-4752}, doi = {10.1016/j.learninstruc.2014.05.002}, pages = {147 -- 157}, year = {2014}, abstract = {In this study, reciprocal teaching (RT) was combined with specific self-regulation procedures to promote the reading comprehension of fifth grade students. Twenty four classes with N = 534 students were assigned to RT plus strategy implementation procedures (RT +SIP), RT plus outcome regulation procedures (RT + ORP), RT plus strategy implementation and outcome regulation procedures (RT+ SRL), or RT without explicit instruction in self-regulation. At maintenance students assigned to the three self-regulation conditions outperformed RT students according to a standardized measure of reading comprehension. RT+ SIP and RT + SRL students outperformed RI as well as RI + ORP students using a measure of reading strategy performance. However, reading comprehension was only mediated by strategy performance under the RT + SRL condition. Among students assigned to the RI + ORP condition, an improvement in reading motivation between pretest and posttest and between posttest and maintenance was observed. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{Huber2014, author = {Huber, Jasmina}, title = {Competing Musical Traditions in the Holy Land in the 20th Century and How They Found Their Way into the Synagogue of Belgrade}, series = {PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung f{\"u}r J{\"u}dische Studien e.V.}, volume = {20}, journal = {PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung f{\"u}r J{\"u}dische Studien e.V.}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {1614-6492}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-69234}, pages = {87 -- 98}, year = {2014}, abstract = {The development of the current liturgical music used in the Belgrade synagogue is (in the last decades) heavily influenced by foreign traditions (mostly levantine) that are brought to Belgrade by modern communication systems. Therefore it is nearly impossible to speak of a status quo that might be possibly obsolete by tomorrow - at least with respect to the melodies. The great changes within the liturgical music occurred not due to acculturation into the Serbian majority but due to the personal preferences of the religious leaders of the Belgrade Jews. The alterations are a conscious process which is precisely the consequence of the musical taste of the local Rabbi and Cantor and not occurring autonomously. In order to understand the new nusah sepharadiyerushalmi that took the place of the forlorn nusah after the downfall of the Communist regime it is deemed necessary to look towards Israel where the rite developed.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Yeldesbay2014, author = {Yeldesbay, Azamat}, title = {Complex regimes of synchronization}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-73348}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {ii, 60}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Synchronization is a fundamental phenomenon in nature. It can be considered as a general property of self-sustained oscillators to adjust their rhythm in the presence of an interaction. In this work we investigate complex regimes of synchronization phenomena by means of theoretical analysis, numerical modeling, as well as practical analysis of experimental data. As a subject of our investigation we consider chimera state, where due to spontaneous symmetry-breaking of an initially homogeneous oscillators lattice split the system into two parts with different dynamics. Chimera state as a new synchronization phenomenon was first found in non-locally coupled oscillators system, and has attracted a lot of attention in the last decade. However, the recent studies indicate that this state is also possible in globally coupled systems. In the first part of this work, we show under which conditions the chimera-like state appears in a system of globally coupled identical oscillators with intrinsic delayed feedback. The results of the research explain how initially monostable oscillators became effectivly bistable in the presence of the coupling and create a mean field that sustain the coexistence of synchronized and desynchronized states. Also we discuss other examples, where chimera-like state appears due to frequency dependence of the phase shift in the bistable system. In the second part, we make further investigation of this topic by modeling influence of an external periodic force to an oscillator with intrinsic delayed feedback. We made stability analysis of the synchronized state and constructed Arnold tongues. The results explain formation of the chimera-like state and hysteric behavior of the synchronization area. Also, we consider two sets of parameters of the oscillator with symmetric and asymmetric Arnold tongues, that correspond to mono- and bi-stable regimes of the oscillator. In the third part, we demonstrate the results of the work, which was done in collaboration with our colleagues from Psychology Department of University of Potsdam. The project aimed to study the effect of the cardiac rhythm on human perception of time using synchronization analysis. From our part, we made a statistical analysis of the data obtained from the conducted experiment on free time interval reproduction task. We examined how ones heartbeat influences the time perception and searched for possible phase synchronization between heartbeat cycles and time reproduction responses. The findings support the prediction that cardiac cycles can serve as input signals, and is used for reproduction of time intervals in the range of several seconds.}, language = {en} } @article{LorenzHeideBurchert2014, author = {Lorenz, Antje and Heide, Judith and Burchert, Frank}, title = {Compound naming in aphasia: effects of complexity, part of speech, and semantic transparency}, series = {Language, cognition and neuroscience}, volume = {29}, journal = {Language, cognition and neuroscience}, number = {1}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {2327-3798}, doi = {10.1080/01690965.2013.766357}, pages = {88 -- 106}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{BrandtKobele2014, author = {Brandt-Kobele, Oda-Christina}, title = {Comprehension of verb inflection in German-speaking children}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, isbn = {978-3-86956-216-2}, issn = {1869-3822}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-62046}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {xx, 325}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Previous studies on the acquisition of verb inflection in normally developing children have revealed an astonishing pattern: children use correctly inflected verbs in their own speech but fail to make use of verb inflections when comprehending sentences uttered by others. Thus, a three-year old might well be able to say something like 'The cat sleeps on the bed', but fails to understand that the same sentence, when uttered by another person, refers to only one sleeping cat but not more than one. The previous studies that have examined children's comprehension of verb inflections have employed a variant of a picture selection task in which the child was asked to explicitly indicate (via pointing) what semantic meaning she had inferred from the test sentence. Recent research on other linguistic structures, such as pronouns or focus particles, has indicated that earlier comprehension abilities can be found when methods are used that do not require an explicit reaction, like preferential looking tasks. This dissertation aimed to examine whether children are truly not able to understand the connection the the verb form and the meaning of the sentence subject until the age of five years or whether earlier comprehension can be found when a different measure, preferential looking, is used. Additionally, children's processing of subject-verb agreement violations was examined. The three experiments of this thesis that examined children's comprehension of verb inflections revealed the following: German-speaking three- to four-year old children looked more to a picture showing one actor when hearing a sentence with a singular inflected verb but only when their eye gaze was tracked and they did not have to perform a picture selection task. When they were asked to point to the matching picture, they performed at chance-level. This pattern indicates asymmetries in children's language performance even within the receptive modality. The fourth experiment examined sensitivity to subject-verb agreement violations and did not reveal evidence for sensitivity toward agreement violations in three- and four-year old children, but only found that children's looking patterns were influenced by the grammatical violations at the age of five. The results from these experiments are discussed in relation to the existence of a production-comprehension asymmetry in the use of verb inflections and children's underlying grammatical knowledge.}, language = {en} } @article{RichterDoellner2014, author = {Richter, Rico and D{\"o}llner, J{\"u}rgen Roland Friedrich}, title = {Concepts and techniques for integration, analysis and visualization of massive 3D point clouds}, series = {Computers, environment and urban systems}, volume = {45}, journal = {Computers, environment and urban systems}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0198-9715}, doi = {10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2013.07.004}, pages = {114 -- 124}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Remote sensing methods, such as LiDAR and image-based photogrammetry, are established approaches for capturing the physical world. Professional and low-cost scanning devices are capable of generating dense 3D point clouds. Typically, these 3D point clouds are preprocessed by GIS and are then used as input data in a variety of applications such as urban planning, environmental monitoring, disaster management, and simulation. The availability of area-wide 3D point clouds will drastically increase in the future due to the availability of novel capturing methods (e.g., driver assistance systems) and low-cost scanning devices. Applications, systems, and workflows will therefore face large collections of redundant, up-to-date 3D point clouds and have to cope with massive amounts of data. Hence, approaches are required that will efficiently integrate, update, manage, analyze, and visualize 3D point clouds. In this paper, we define requirements for a system infrastructure that enables the integration of 3D point clouds from heterogeneous capturing devices and different timestamps. Change detection and update strategies for 3D point clouds are presented that reduce storage requirements and offer new insights for analysis purposes. We also present an approach that attributes 3D point clouds with semantic information (e.g., object class category information), which enables more effective data processing, analysis, and visualization. Out-of-core real-time rendering techniques then allow for an interactive exploration of the entire 3D point cloud and the corresponding analysis results. Web-based visualization services are utilized to make 3D point clouds available to a large community. The proposed concepts and techniques are designed to establish 3D point clouds as base datasets, as well as rendering primitives for analysis and visualization tasks, which allow operations to be performed directly on the point data. Finally, we evaluate the presented system, report on its applications, and discuss further research challenges.}, language = {en} } @article{PlehnMegowMay2014, author = {Plehn, Thomas and Megow, J{\"o}rg and May, Volkhard}, title = {Concerted charge and energy transfer processes in a highly flexible fullerene-dye system: a mixed quantum-classical study}, series = {Physical chemistry, chemical physics : a journal of European Chemical Societies}, volume = {16}, journal = {Physical chemistry, chemical physics : a journal of European Chemical Societies}, number = {25}, publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {1463-9076}, doi = {10.1039/c4cp01081g}, pages = {12949 -- 12958}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Photoinduced excitation energy transfer and accompanying charge separation are elucidated for a supramolecular system of a single fullerene covalently linked to six pyropheophorbide-a dye molecules. Molecular dynamics simulations are performed to gain an atomistic picture of the architecture and the surrounding solvent. Excitation energy transfer among the dye molecules and electron transfer from the excited dyes to the fullerene are described by a mixed quantum-classical version of the Forster rate and the semiclassical Marcus rate, respectively. The mean characteristic time of energy redistribution lies in the range of 10 ps, while electron transfer proceeds within 150 ps. In between, on a 20 to 50 ps time-scale, conformational changes take place in the system. This temporal hierarchy of processes guarantees efficient charge separation, if the structure is exposed to a solvent. The fast energy transfer can adopt the dye excitation to the actual conformation. In this sense, the probability to achieve charge separation is large enough since any dominance of unfavorable conformations that exhibit a large dye-fullerene distance is circumvented. And the slow electron transfer may realize an averaging with respect to different conformations. To confirm the reliability of our computations, ensemble measurements on the charge separation dynamics are simulated and a very good agreement with the experimental data is obtained.}, language = {en} } @misc{PlehnMegowMay2014, author = {Plehn, Thomas and Megow, J{\"o}rg and May, Volkhard}, title = {Concerted charge and energy transfer processes in a highly flexible fullerene-dye system}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-98791}, pages = {10}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Photoinduced excitation energy transfer and accompanying charge separation are elucidated for a supramolecular system of a single fullerene covalently linked to six pyropheophorbide-a dye molecules. Molecular dynamics simulations are performed to gain an atomistic picture of the architecture and the surrounding solvent. Excitation energy transfer among the dye molecules and electron transfer from the excited dyes to the fullerene are described by a mixed quantum-classical version of the F{\"o}rster rate and the semiclassical Marcus rate, respectively. The mean characteristic time of energy redistribution lies in the range of 10 ps, while electron transfer proceeds within 150 ps. In between, on a 20 to 50 ps time-scale, conformational changes take place in the system. This temporal hierarchy of processes guarantees efficient charge separation, if the structure is exposed to a solvent. The fast energy transfer can adopt the dye excitation to the actual conformation. In this sense, the probability to achieve charge separation is large enough since any dominance of unfavorable conformations that exhibit a large dye-fullerene distance is circumvented. And the slow electron transfer may realize an averaging with respect to different conformations. To confirm the reliability of our computations, ensemble measurements on the charge separation dynamics are simulated and a very good agreement with the experimental data is obtained.}, language = {en} } @article{RofesBastiaanseMartinezFerreiro2014, author = {Rofes, Adria and Bastiaanse, Roelien and Martinez-Ferreiro, Silvia}, title = {Conditional and future tense impairment in non-fluent aphasia}, series = {Aphasiology : an international, interdisciplinary journal}, volume = {28}, journal = {Aphasiology : an international, interdisciplinary journal}, number = {1}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {0268-7038}, doi = {10.1080/02687038.2013.850650}, pages = {99 -- 115}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Background: Morphological errors of tense and agreement are salient in agrammatic aphasia. The PADILIH predicts impairments in discourse linking that translate to greater difficulties in referring to a past event time than to a future or a present event time. In Catalan, the Periphrastic conditional tense (e.g., if the man had had time, he would have...) refers to the past and the Simple conditional tense refers to the future (e.g., if the man had time, he would...). These two tenses refer to an event that may happen (irrealis).Aims: We fill in the gap of the conditional tense and provide further data to study contrasts in verb inflection for time reference. We predict that verb forms that refer to an irrealis past event (Periphrastic conditional) are more impaired than forms that refer to an irrealis future event (Simple conditional and Future). We also predict that there are no differences between verb forms that refer to an irrealis future event (Simple conditional and Future). We also assessed whether problems in time reference extend to individuals with non-fluent aphasia that are not typical agrammatic Broca aphasia.Methods \& Procedures: A sentence completion task that included 60 sentences (20 per type) of equal length in a Conditional structure (if-sentences) was designed. We tested three sentence types: Periphrastic conditional, Simple conditional and Future. The task was administered to nine participants with non-fluent aphasia and nine age-matched non-brain-damaged participants.Outcomes \& Results: The Control group scored at ceiling on the three sentence types. Participants with non-fluent aphasia were most impaired in the production of the Periphrastic conditional as compared with the Simple conditional and the Future.Conclusions: When irrealis event times are compared, past events are more impaired than future events. These results can be explained by a deficit in time reference as predicted by the PADILIH. Our data reveal that the predictions of the PADILIH also hold for non-fluent speakers who have been diagnosed with Transcortical motor aphasia.}, language = {en} } @article{DiFlorioBruendermannYadavallietal.2014, author = {Di Florio, G. and Bruendermann, E. and Yadavalli, Nataraja Sekhar and Santer, Svetlana and Havenith, Martina}, title = {Confocal raman microscopy and AFM study of the interface between the photosensitive polymer layer and multilayer graphene}, series = {Soft materials}, volume = {12}, journal = {Soft materials}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Philadelphia}, issn = {1539-445X}, doi = {10.1080/1539445X.2014.945040}, pages = {S98 -- S105}, year = {2014}, abstract = {In this paper we report on the interaction between photosensitive azobenzene-containing polymer films and on top adsorbed graphene multilayers. The photosensitive polymer film changes its topography under irradiation with light interference patterns according to their polarization distribution. The multilayer graphene follows the deformation of the polymer film and stretches accordingly. Using confocal Raman microspectroscopy we can detect the appearance of additional peaks in the Raman spectrum of the photosensitive polymer film upon irradiation indicating a molecular interaction at the interface between the graphene multilayer and the polymer matrix. Multi-component analysis of the specific Raman bands shows that the interaction involves the graphene rings and the aromatic rings of the azobenzenes causing the strong adhesion between the two materials.}, language = {en} } @article{HeuvelingFrochauxZiomkowskaetal.2014, author = {Heuveling, Johanna and Frochaux, Violette and Ziomkowska, Joanna and Wawrzinek, Robert and Wessig, Pablo and Herrmann, Andreas and Schneider, Erwin}, title = {Conformational changes of the bacterial type I ATP-binding cassette importer HisQMP(2) at distinct steps of the catalytic cycle}, series = {Biochimica et biophysica acta : Biomembranes}, volume = {1838}, journal = {Biochimica et biophysica acta : Biomembranes}, number = {1}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0005-2736}, doi = {10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.08.024}, pages = {106 -- 116}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Prokaryotic solute binding protein-dependent ATP-binding cassette import systems are divided into type land type II and mechanistic differences in the transport process going along with this classification are under intensive investigation. Little is known about the conformational dynamics during the catalytic cycle especially concerning the transmembrane domains. The type I transporter for positively charged amino acids from Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (1A0-Hi5QMP2) was studied by limited proteolysis in detergent solution in the absence and presence of co-factors including ATP, ADP, LAO/arginine, and Mg2+ ions. Stable peptide fragments could be obtained and differentially susceptible cleavage sites were determined by mass spectrometry as Lys-258 in the nucleotide-binding subunit, HisP, and Arg-217/Arg-218 in the transmembrane subunit, HisQ In contrast, transmembrane subunit HisM was gradually degraded but no stable fragment could be detected. HisP and HisQ were equally resistant under pre- and post-hydrolysis conditions in the presence of arginine-loaded solute-binding protein LAO and ATP/ADP. Some protection was also observed with LAO/arginine alone, thus reflecting binding to the transporter in the apo-state and transmembrane signaling. Comparable digestion patterns were obtained with the transporter reconstituted into proteoliposomes and nanodiscs. Fluorescence lifetime spectroscopy confirmed the change of HisQ(R218) to a more apolar microenvironment upon ATP binding and hydrolysis. Limited proteolysis was subsequently used as a tool to study the consequences of mutations on the transport cycle. Together, our data suggest similar conformational changes during the transport cycle as described for the maltose ABC transporter of Escherichia coli, despite distinct structural differences between both systems.}, language = {en} } @article{KangBarbirzLipowskyetal.2014, author = {Kang, Yu and Barbirz, Stefanie and Lipowsky, Reinhard and Santer, Mark}, title = {Conformational Diversity of O-Antigen Polysaccharides of the Gram-Negative Bacterium Shigella flexneri Serotype Y}, series = {The journal of physical chemistry : B, Condensed matter, materials, surfaces, interfaces \& biophysical chemistry}, volume = {118}, journal = {The journal of physical chemistry : B, Condensed matter, materials, surfaces, interfaces \& biophysical chemistry}, number = {9}, publisher = {American Chemical Society}, address = {Washington}, issn = {1520-6106}, doi = {10.1021/jp4111713}, pages = {2523 -- 2534}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @article{ShainyanMoskalikHeydenreichetal.2014, author = {Shainyan, Bagrat A. and Moskalik, Mikhail Yu and Heydenreich, Matthias and Kleinpeter, Erich}, title = {Conformational equilibrium and dynamic behavior of bis-N-triflyl substituted 3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octane}, series = {Magnetic resonance in chemistry}, volume = {52}, journal = {Magnetic resonance in chemistry}, number = {8}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {0749-1581}, doi = {10.1002/mrc.4086}, pages = {448 -- 452}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Restricted rotation about the N-S partial double bonds in a bis-N-triflyl substituted 3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octane derivative 1 has been frozen at low temperature (Delta G* = 11.6 kcal mol(-1)), and the existence of all four rotamers about the two N-S bonds, 3-in, 8-in, 3-in, 8-out, 3-out, 8-in, and 3-out, 8-out, respectively, proved experimentally by NMR spectroscopy and theoretically by DFT and MP2 calculations. Copyright (C) 2014 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.}, language = {en} } @article{ShainyanKleinpeter2014, author = {Shainyan, Bagrat A. and Kleinpeter, Erich}, title = {Conformational flexibility of 4,4-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-thiasiline and its monoheterocyclic analogs}, series = {Russian journal of general chemistry}, volume = {84}, journal = {Russian journal of general chemistry}, number = {7}, publisher = {Pleiades Publ.}, address = {New York}, issn = {1070-3632}, doi = {10.1134/S1070363214070135}, pages = {1325 -- 1329}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Conformational behavior of the first cyclic organosilicon vinylsulfide, 4,4-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-thiasiline as well as its monoheterocyclic analogs, 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran, 3,4-dihydro-2H-thiopyran, and 1,1-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrosiline is studied in comparison with the carbocyclic analog, cyclohexene, using the methods of low-temperature NMR spectroscopy and theoretical calculations at the DFT and MP2 levels of theory. The barrier to the ring inversion with respect to that in cycloxene is increased in 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran and 1,1-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrosiline, but, in contrast to the suggestions made in the literature, is decreased in 3,4-dihydro-2H-thiopyran. In 4,4-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-thiasiline the barrier is intermediate between those in the corresponding monoheterocycles, 1,1-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrosiline and 3,4-dihydro-2H-thiopyran. The observed variations are rationalized from the viewpoint of the interaction of the pi-electrons of the C=C double bond with the orbitals of heteroatoms in the ring. The structure of the transition state for the ring inversion is discussed.}, language = {en} } @article{GuoPaychaZhang2014, author = {Guo, Li and Paycha, Sylvie and Zhang, Bin}, title = {Conical zeta values and their double subdivision relations}, series = {Advances in mathematics}, volume = {252}, journal = {Advances in mathematics}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {San Diego}, issn = {0001-8708}, doi = {10.1016/j.aim.2013.10.022}, pages = {343 -- 381}, year = {2014}, abstract = {We introduce the concept of a conical zeta value as a geometric generalization of a multiple zeta value in the context of convex cones. The quasi-shuffle and shuffle relations of multiple zeta values are generalized to open cone subdivision and closed cone subdivision relations respectively for conical zeta values. In order to achieve the closed cone subdivision relation, we also interpret linear relations among fractions as subdivisions of decorated closed cones. As a generalization of the double shuffle relation of multiple zeta values, we give the double subdivision relation of conical zeta values and formulate the extended double subdivision relation conjecture for conical zeta values.}, language = {en} } @article{ZimmermannZimmermannTurneretal.2014, author = {Zimmermann, Beate and Zimmermann, Alexander and Turner, Benjamin L. and Francke, Till and Elsenbeer, Helmut}, title = {Connectivity of overland flow by drainage network expansion in a rain forest catchment}, series = {Water resources research}, volume = {50}, journal = {Water resources research}, number = {2}, publisher = {American Geophysical Union}, address = {Washington}, issn = {0043-1397}, doi = {10.1002/2012WR012660}, pages = {1457 -- 1473}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Soils in various places of the Panama Canal Watershed feature a low saturated hydraulic conductivity (K-s) at shallow depth, which promotes overland-flow generation and associated flashy catchment responses. In undisturbed forests of these areas, overland flow is concentrated in flow lines that extend the channel network and provide hydrological connectivity between hillslopes and streams. To understand the dynamics of overland-flow connectivity, as well as the impact of connectivity on catchment response, we studied an undisturbed headwater catchment by monitoring overland-flow occurrence in all flow lines and discharge, suspended sediment, and total phosphorus at the catchment outlet. We find that connectivity is strongly influenced by seasonal variation in antecedent wetness and can develop even under light rainfall conditions. Connectivity increased rapidly as rainfall frequency increased, eventually leading to full connectivity and surficial drainage of entire hillslopes. Connectivity was nonlinearly related to catchment response. However, additional information on factors such as overland-flow volume would be required to constrain relationships between connectivity, stormflow, and the export of suspended sediment and phosphorus. The effort to monitor those factors would be substantial, so we advocate applying the established links between rain event characteristics, drainage network expansion by flow lines, and catchment response for predictive modeling and catchment classification in forests of the Panama Canal Watershed and in similar regions elsewhere.}, language = {en} } @article{MedeirosdeAraujoMamedeetal.2014, author = {Medeiros, Pedro Henrique Augusto and de Araujo, Jose Carlos and Mamede, George Leite and Creutzfeldt, Benjamin and G{\"u}ntner, Andreas and Bronstert, Axel}, title = {Connectivity of sediment transport in a semiarid environment: a synthesis for the Upper Jaguaribe Basin, Brazil}, series = {Journal of soils and sediments : protection, risk assessment and remediation}, volume = {14}, journal = {Journal of soils and sediments : protection, risk assessment and remediation}, number = {12}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Heidelberg}, issn = {1439-0108}, doi = {10.1007/s11368-014-0988-z}, pages = {1938 -- 1948}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Hydrosedimentological studies conducted in the semiarid Upper Jaguaribe Basin, Brazil, enabled the identification of the key processes controlling sediment connectivity at different spatial scales (10(0)-10(4) km(2)). Water and sediment fluxes were assessed from discharge, sediment concentrations and reservoir siltation measurements. Additionally, mathematical modelling (WASA-SED model) was used to quantify water and sediment transfer within the watershed. Rainfall erosivity in the study area was moderate (4600 MJ mm ha(-1) h(-1) year(-1)), whereas runoff depths (16-60 mm year(-1)), and therefore the sediment transport capacity, were low. Consequently, similar to 60 \% of the eroded sediment was deposited along the landscape, regardless of the spatial scale. The existing high-density reservoir network (contributing area of 6 km(2) per reservoir) also limits sediment propagation, retaining up to 47 \% of the sediment at the large basin scale. The sediment delivery ratio (SDR) decreased with the spatial scale; on average, 41 \% of the eroded sediment was yielded from the hillslopes, while for the whole 24,600-km(2) basin, the SDR was reduced to 1 \% downstream of a large reservoir (1940-hm(3) capacity). Hydrological behaviour in the Upper Jaguaribe Basin represents a constraint on sediment propagation; low runoff depth is the main feature breaking sediment connectivity, which limits sediment transference from the hillslopes to the drainage system. Surface reservoirs are also important barriers, but their relative importance to sediment retention increases with scale, since larger contributing areas are more suitable for the construction of dams due to higher hydrological potential.}, language = {en} } @article{KyriakosPhilippAdelsbergeretal.2014, author = {Kyriakos, Konstantinos and Philipp, Martine and Adelsberger, Joseph and Jaksch, Sebastian and Berezkin, Anatoly V. and Lugo, Dersy M. and Richtering, Walter and Grillo, Isabelle and Miasnikova, Anna and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and M{\"u}ller-Buschbaum, Peter and Papadakis, Christine M.}, title = {Cononsolvency of water/methanol mixtures for PNIPAM and PS-b-PNIPAM: pathway of aggregate formation investigated using time-resolved SANS}, series = {Macromolecules : a publication of the American Chemical Society}, volume = {47}, journal = {Macromolecules : a publication of the American Chemical Society}, number = {19}, publisher = {American Chemical Society}, address = {Washington}, issn = {0024-9297}, doi = {10.1021/ma501434e}, pages = {6867 -- 6879}, year = {2014}, abstract = {We investigate the cononsolvency effect of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) in mixtures of water and methanol. Two systems are studied: micellar solutions of polystyrene-b-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PS-b-PNIPAM) diblock copolymers and, as a reference, solutions of PNIPAM homopolymers, both at a concentration of 20 mg/mL in DO. Using a stopped-flow instrument, fully deuterated methanol was rapidly added to these solutions at volume fractions between 10 and 20\%. Time-resolved turbidimetry revealed aggregate formation within 10-100 s. The structural changes on mesoscopic length scales were followed by time-resolved small-angle neutron scattering (TR-SANS) with a time resolution of 0.1 s. In both systems, the pathway of the aggregation depends on the content of deuterated methanol; however, it is fundamentally different for homopolymer and diblock copolymer solutions: In the former, very large aggregates (>150 nm) are formed within the dead time of the setup, gradient appears at their surface in the late stages. In contrast, the growth of the aggregates in the latter system features different regimes, and the final aggregate size is 50 nm, thus much smaller than for the homopolymer. For the diblock copolymer, the time dependence of the aggregate radius can be described by two models: In the initial stage, the diffusion-limited coalescence model describes the data well; however, the resulting coalescence time is unreasonably high. In the late stage, a logarithmic coalescence model based on an energy barrier which is proportional to the aggregate radius is successfully applied. and a concentration}, language = {en} } @article{SchroederLissoObataetal.2014, author = {Schroeder, Florian and Lisso, Janina and Obata, Toshihiro and Erban, Alexander and Maximova, Eugenia and Giavalisco, Patrick and Kopka, Joachim and Fernie, Alisdair and Willmitzer, Lothar and Muessig, Carsten}, title = {Consequences of induced brassinosteroid deficiency in Arabidopsis leaves}, series = {BMC plant biology}, volume = {14}, journal = {BMC plant biology}, publisher = {BioMed Central}, address = {London}, issn = {1471-2229}, doi = {10.1186/s12870-014-0309-0}, pages = {14}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Background: The identification of brassinosteroid (BR) deficient and BR insensitive mutants provided conclusive evidence that BR is a potent growth-promoting phytohormone. Arabidopsis mutants are characterized by a compact rosette structure, decreased plant height and reduced root system, delayed development, and reduced fertility. Cell expansion, cell division, and multiple developmental processes depend on BR. The molecular and physiological basis of BR action is diverse. The BR signalling pathway controls the activity of transcription factors, and numerous BR responsive genes have been identified. The analysis of dwarf mutants, however, may to some extent reveal phenotypic changes that are an effect of the altered morphology and physiology. This restriction holds particularly true for the analysis of established organs such as rosette leaves. Results: In this study, the mode of BR action was analysed in established leaves by means of two approaches. First, an inhibitor of BR biosynthesis (brassinazole) was applied to 21-day-old wild-type plants. Secondly, BR complementation of BR deficient plants, namely CPD (constitutive photomorphogenic dwarf)-antisense and cbb1 (cabbage1) mutant plants was stopped after 21 days. BR action in established leaves is associated with stimulated cell expansion, an increase in leaf index, starch accumulation, enhanced CO2 release by the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and increased biomass production. Cell number and protein content were barely affected. Conclusion: Previous analysis of BR promoted growth focused on genomic effects. However, the link between growth and changes in gene expression patterns barely provided clues to the physiological and metabolic basis of growth. Our study analysed comprehensive metabolic data sets of leaves with altered BR levels. The data suggest that BR promoted growth may depend on the increased provision and use of carbohydrates and energy. BR may stimulate both anabolic and catabolic pathways.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RischCasselMesserschmidtetal.2014, author = {Risch, Lucie and Cassel, Michael and Messerschmidt, Janin and Intziegianni, Konstantina and Mayer, Frank}, title = {Consistency and reliability of examining intratendinous blood flow in Achilles tendinopathy patients using doppler ultrasonography}, series = {Medicine and science in sports and exercise : official journal of the American College of Sports Medicine}, volume = {46}, booktitle = {Medicine and science in sports and exercise : official journal of the American College of Sports Medicine}, number = {5}, publisher = {Lippincott Williams \& Wilkins}, address = {Philadelphia}, issn = {0195-9131}, pages = {46 -- 46}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @article{LukasWacker2014, author = {Lukas, Marcus and Wacker, Alexander}, title = {Constraints by oxygen and food quality on carbon pathway regulation: a co-limitation study with an aquatic key herbivore}, series = {Ecology : a publication of the Ecological Society of America}, volume = {95}, journal = {Ecology : a publication of the Ecological Society of America}, number = {11}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Washington}, issn = {0012-9658}, pages = {3068 -- 3079}, year = {2014}, abstract = {In food webs, herbivores are often constrained by low food quality in terms of mineral and biochemical limitations, which in aquatic ecosystems can co-occur with limited oxygen conditions. As low food quality implies that carbon (C) is available in excess, and therefore a regulation to get rid of excess C is crucial for the performance of consumers, we examined the C pathways (ingestion, feces release, excretion, and respiration) of a planktonic key herbivore (Daphnia magna). We tested whether consumer C pathways increase due to mineral (phosphorus, P) or biochemical (cholesterol and fatty acid) limitations and how these regulations vary when in addition oxygen is low. Under such conditions, at least the capability of the upregulation of respiration may be restricted. Furthermore, we discussed the potential role of the oxygen-transporting protein hemoglobin (Hb) in the regulation of C budgets. Different food quality constraints led to certain C regulation patterns to increase the removal of excess dietary C: P-limited D. magna increased excretion and respiration, while cholesterol-limited Daphnia in addition upregulated the release of feces. In contrast, the regulative effort was low and only feces release increased when D. magna was limited by a long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA). Co-limiting oxygen did not always impact the discharge of excess C. We found the food-quality-induced upregulation of respiration was still present at low oxygen. In contrast, higher excretion of excess C was diminished at low oxygen supply. Besides the effect that the Hb concentration increased under low oxygen, our results indicate a low food-quality-induced increase in the Hb content of the animals. Overall, C budgeting is phenotypically plastic towards different (co-) limiting scenarios. These trigger specific regulation responses that could be the result of evolutionary adaptations.}, language = {en} } @article{Wendt2014, author = {Wendt, Martin}, title = {Constraints on variations of m(p)/m(e) based on UVES observations of H-2}, series = {Astronomische Nachrichten = Astronomical notes}, volume = {335}, journal = {Astronomische Nachrichten = Astronomical notes}, number = {1}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {0004-6337}, doi = {10.1002/asna.201312008}, pages = {106 -- 112}, year = {2014}, abstract = {This article summarizes the latest results on the proton-to-electron mass ratio derived from H-2 observations at high redshift in the light of possible variations of fundamental physical constants. The focus lies on UVES observations of the past years as enormous progress was achieved since the first positive results on / were published. With the better understanding of systematics, dedicated observation runs, and numerous approaches to improve wavelength calibration accuracy, all current findings are in reasonable good agreement with no variation and provide an upper limit of / < 1 x 10(-5) for the redshift range of 2 < z < 3. ((}, language = {en} } @article{AliuAuneBarnackaetal.2014, author = {Aliu, E. and Aune, T. and Barnacka, Anna and Beilicke, M. and Benbow, W. and Berger, K. and Biteau, Jonathan and Buckley, J. H. and Bugaev, V. and Byrum, K. and Cardenzana, J. V. and Cerruti, M. and Chen, Xuhui and Ciupik, L. and Connaughton, V. and Cui, W. and Dickinson, H. J. and Eisch, J. D. and Errando, M. and Falcone, A. and Federici, Simone and Feng, Q. and Finley, J. P. and Fleischhack, H. and Fortin, P. and Fortson, L. and Furniss, A. and Galante, N. and Gillanders, G. H. and Griffin, S. and Griffiths, S. T. and Grube, J. and Gyuk, G. and Hakansson, Nils and Hanna, D. and Holder, J. and Hughes, G. and Humensky, T. B. and Johnson, C. A. and Kaaret, P. and Kar, P. and Kertzman, M. and Khassen, Y. and Kieda, D. and Krawczynski, H. and Krennrich, F. and Lang, M. J. and Madhavan, A. S. and Maier, G. and McArthur, S. and McCann, A. and Meagher, K. and Millis, J. and Moriarty, P. and Mukherjee, R. and Nieto, D. and Ong, R. A. and Otte, A. N. and Park, N. and Pohl, Martin and Popkow, A. and Prokoph, H. and Pueschel, Elisa and Quinn, J. and Ragan, K. and Rajotte, J. and Reyes, L. C. and Reynolds, P. T. and Richards, G. T. and Roache, E. and Sembroski, G. H. and Shahinyan, K. and Smith, A. W. and Staszak, D. and Telezhinsky, Igor O. and Tucci, J. V. and Tyler, J. and Varlotta, A. and Vassiliev, V. V. and Vincent, S. and Wakely, S. P. and Weiner, O. M. and Weinstein, A. and Welsing, R. and Wilhelm, Alina and Williams, D. A. and Zitzer, B. and McEnery, J. E. and Perkins, J. S. and Veres, P. and Zhu, S.}, title = {Constraints on very high energy emission from GRB 130427A}, series = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics ; Part 2, Letters}, volume = {795}, journal = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics ; Part 2, Letters}, number = {1}, publisher = {IOP Publ. Ltd.}, address = {Bristol}, issn = {2041-8205}, doi = {10.1088/2041-8205/795/1/L3}, pages = {6}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Prompt emission from the very fluent and nearby (z = 0.34) gamma-ray burst GRB130427A was detected by several orbiting telescopes and by ground-based, wide-field-of-view optical transient monitors. Apart from the intensity and proximity of this GRB, it is exceptional due to the extremely long-lived high-energy (100 MeV to 100 GeV) gamma-ray emission, which was detected by the Large Area Telescope on the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope for similar to 70 ks after the initial burst. The persistent, hard-spectrum, high-energy emission suggests that the highest-energy gamma rays may have been produced via synchrotron self-Compton processes though there is also evidence that the high-energy emission may instead be an extension of the synchrotron spectrum. VERITAS, a ground-based imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope array, began follow-up observations of GRB130427A similar to 71 ks (similar to 20 hr) after the onset of the burst. The GRB was not detected with VERITAS; however, the high elevation of the observations, coupled with the low redshift of the GRB, make VERITAS a very sensitive probe of the emission from GRB130427A for E > 100 GeV. The non-detection and consequent upper limit derived place constraints on the synchrotron self-Compton model of high-energy gamma-ray emission from this burst.}, language = {en} } @article{Lis2014, author = {Lis, Monika}, title = {Constructing a Phylogenetic Tree}, series = {Process Design for Natural Scientists: an agile model-driven approach}, journal = {Process Design for Natural Scientists: an agile model-driven approach}, number = {500}, editor = {Lambrecht, Anna-Lena and Margaria, Tiziana}, publisher = {Springer Verlag}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-662-45005-5}, issn = {1865-0929}, pages = {101 -- 109}, year = {2014}, abstract = {In this project I constructed a workflow that takes a DNA sequence as input and provides a phylogenetic tree, consisting of the input sequence and other sequences which were found during a database search. In this phylogenetic tree the sequences are arranged depending on similarities. In bioinformatics, constructing phylogenetic trees is often used to explore the evolutionary relationships of genes or organisms and to understand the mechanisms of evolution itself.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Steinhaus2014, author = {Steinhaus, Sebastian Peter}, title = {Constructing quantum spacetime}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-72558}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Despite remarkable progress made in the past century, which has revolutionized our understanding of the universe, there are numerous open questions left in theoretical physics. Particularly important is the fact that the theories describing the fundamental interactions of nature are incompatible. Einstein's theory of general relative describes gravity as a dynamical spacetime, which is curved by matter and whose curvature determines the motion of matter. On the other hand we have quantum field theory, in form of the standard model of particle physics, where particles interact via the remaining interactions - electromagnetic, weak and strong interaction - on a flat, static spacetime without gravity. A theory of quantum gravity is hoped to cure this incompatibility by heuristically replacing classical spacetime by quantum spacetime'. Several approaches exist attempting to define such a theory with differing underlying premises and ideas, where it is not clear which is to be preferred. Yet a minimal requirement is the compatibility with the classical theory, they attempt to generalize. Interestingly many of these models rely on discrete structures in their definition or postulate discreteness of spacetime to be fundamental. Besides the direct advantages discretisations provide, e.g. permitting numerical simulations, they come with serious caveats requiring thorough investigation: In general discretisations break fundamental diffeomorphism symmetry of gravity and are generically not unique. Both complicates establishing the connection to the classical continuum theory. The main focus of this thesis lies in the investigation of this relation for spin foam models. This is done on different levels of the discretisation / triangulation, ranging from few simplices up to the continuum limit. In the regime of very few simplices we confirm and deepen the connection of spin foam models to discrete gravity. Moreover, we discuss dynamical, e.g. diffeomorphism invariance in the discrete, to fix the ambiguities of the models. In order to satisfy these conditions, the discrete models have to be improved in a renormalisation procedure, which also allows us to study their continuum dynamics. Applied to simplified spin foam models, we uncover a rich, non--trivial fixed point structure, which we summarize in a phase diagram. Inspired by these methods, we propose a method to consistently construct the continuum theory, which comes with a unique vacuum state.}, language = {en} } @article{BurmesterSpalekWartenburger2014, author = {Burmester, Juliane and Spalek, Katharina and Wartenburger, Isabell}, title = {Context updating during sentence comprehension: The effect of aboutness topic}, series = {Brain \& language : a journal of the neurobiology of language}, volume = {137}, journal = {Brain \& language : a journal of the neurobiology of language}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {San Diego}, issn = {0093-934X}, doi = {10.1016/j.bandl.2014.08.001}, pages = {62 -- 76}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @article{BeimGraben2014, author = {Beim Graben, Peter}, title = {Contextual emergence of intentionality}, series = {Journal of consciousness studies : controversies in science \& the humanities ; an international multi-disciplinary journal}, volume = {21}, journal = {Journal of consciousness studies : controversies in science \& the humanities ; an international multi-disciplinary journal}, number = {5-6}, publisher = {Imprint Academic}, address = {Exeter}, issn = {1355-8250}, pages = {75 -- 96}, year = {2014}, abstract = {By means of an intriguing physical example, magnetic surface swimmers, that can be described in terms of Dennett's intentional stance, I reconstruct a hierarchy of necessary and sufficient conditions for the applicability of the intentional strategy. It turns out that the different levels of the intentional hierarchy are contextually emergent from their respective subjacent levels by imposing stability constraints upon them. At the lowest level of the hierarchy, phenomenal physical laws emerge for the coarse-grained description of open, nonlinear, and dissipative non-equilibrium systems in critical states. One level higher, dynamic patterns, such as, for example, magnetic surface swimmers, are contextually emergent as they are invariant under certain symmetry operations. Again one level up, these patterns behave apparently rationally by selecting optimal pathways for the dissipation of energy that is delivered by external gradients. This is in accordance with the restated Second Law of thermodynamics as a stability criterion. At the highest level, true believers are intentional systems that are stable under exchanging their observation conditions.}, language = {en} } @article{GlaeserBerghoffStratmannetal.2014, author = {Glaeser, Stefanie P. and Berghoff, Bork A. and Stratmann, Verena and Grossart, Hans-Peter and Glaeser, Jens}, title = {Contrasting effects of singlet oxygen and hydrogen peroxide on bacterial community composition in a humic lake}, series = {PLoS one}, volume = {9}, journal = {PLoS one}, number = {3}, publisher = {PLoS}, address = {San Fransisco}, issn = {1932-6203}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0092518}, pages = {19}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Light excitation of humic matter generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) in surface waters of aquatic ecosystems. Abundant ROS generated in humic matter rich lakes include singlet oxygen (O-1(2)) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Because these ROS differ in half-life time and toxicity, we compared their effects on microbial activity (C-14-Leucine incorporation) and bacterial community composition (BCC) in surface waters of humic Lake Grosse Fuchskuhle (North-eastern Germany). For this purpose, experiments with water samples collected from the lake were conducted in July 2006, September 2008 and August 2009. Artificially increased O-1(2) and H2O2 concentrations inhibited microbial activity in water samples to a similar extent, but the effect of the respective ROS on BCC varied strongly. BCC analysis by 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and RT-PCR DGGE revealed ROS specific changes in relative abundance and activity of major bacterial groups and composition of dominating phylotypes. These changes were consistent in the three experiments performed in different years. The relative abundance of Polynucleobacter necessarius, Limnohabitans-related phylotypes (Betaproteobacteria), and Novosphingobium acidiphilum (Alphaproteobacteria) increased or was not affected by photo-sensitized O-1(2) exposure, but decreased after H2O2 exposure. The opposite pattern was found for Actinobacteria of the freshwater AcI-B cluster which were highly sensitive to O-1(2) but not to H2O2 exposure. Furthermore, group-specific RT-PCR DGGE analysis revealed that particle-attached P. necessarius and Limnohabitans-related phylotypes exhibit higher resistance to O-1(2) exposure compared to free-living populations. These results imply that O-1(2) acts as a factor in niche separation of closely affiliated Polynucleobacter and Limnohabitans-related phylotypes. Consequently, oxidative stress caused by photochemical ROS generation should be regarded as an environmental variable determining abundance, activity, and phylotype composition of environmentally relevant bacterial groups, in particular in illuminated and humic matter rich waters.}, language = {en} } @article{AzumaKuekenshoenerMaetal.2014, author = {Azuma, Yusuke and Kuekenshoener, Tim and Ma, Guangyong and Yasunaga, Jun-ichiro and Imanishi, Miki and Tanaka, Gen and Nakase, Ikuhiko and Maruno, Takahiro and Kobayashi, Yuji and Arndt, Katja Maren and Matsuoka, Masao and Futaki, Shiroh}, title = {Controlling leucine-zipper partner recognition in cells through modification of a-g interactions}, series = {Chemical communications}, volume = {50}, journal = {Chemical communications}, number = {48}, publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {1359-7345}, doi = {10.1039/c4cc00555d}, pages = {6364 -- 6367}, year = {2014}, abstract = {By focusing on the a-g interactions, successful design and selection were accomplished to obtain a leucine-zipper segment that discriminates the appropriate partner over another that provides very similar patterns of electrostatic interactions.}, language = {en} } @misc{AzumaKuekenshoenerMaetal.2014, author = {Azuma, Yusuke and K{\"u}kensh{\"o}ner, Tim and Ma, Guangyong and Yasunaga, Jun-ichiro and Imanishi, Miki and Tanaka, Gen and Nakase, Ikuhiko and Maruno, Takahiro and Kobayashi, Yuji and Arndt, Katja Maren and Matsuoka, Masao and Futaki, Shiroh}, title = {Controlling leucine-zipper partner recognition in cells through modification of a-g interactions}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-98758}, pages = {4}, year = {2014}, abstract = {By focusing on the a-g interactions, successful design and selection were accomplished to obtain a leucine-zipper segment that discriminates the appropriate partner over another that provides very similar patterns of electrostatic interactions.}, language = {en} } @article{KlausZeheElsneretal.2014, author = {Klaus, Julian and Zehe, Erwin and Elsner, Martin and Palm, Juliane and Schneider, Dorothee and Schroeder, Boris and Steinbeiss, Sibylle and van Schaik, Loes and West, Stephanie}, title = {Controls of event-based pesticide leaching in natural soils: A systematic study based on replicated field scale irrigation experiments}, series = {Journal of hydrology}, volume = {512}, journal = {Journal of hydrology}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0022-1694}, doi = {10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.03.020}, pages = {528 -- 539}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Tile drains strongly influence the water cycle in agricultural catchment in terms of water quantity and quality. The connectivity of preferential flow to tile drains can create shortcuts for rapid transport of solutes into surface waters. The leaching of pesticides can be linked to a set of main factors including, rainfall characteristics, soil moisture, chemical properties of the pesticides, soil properties, and preferential flow paths. The connectivity of the macropore system to the tile drain is crucial for pesticide leaching. Concurring influences of the main factors, threshold responses and the role of flow paths are still poorly understood. The objective of this study is to investigate these influences by a replica series of three irrigation experiments on a tile drain field site using natural and artificial tracers together with applied pesticides. We found a clear threshold behavior in the initialization of pesticide transport that was different between the replica experiments. Pre-event soil water contributed significantly to the tile drain flow, and creates a flow path for stored pesticides from the soil matrix to the tile drain. This threshold is controlled by antecedent soil moisture and precipitation characteristics, and the interaction between the soil matrix and preferential flow system. Fast transport of pesticides without retardation and the remobilization could be attributed to this threshold and the interaction between the soil matrix and the preferential flow system. Thus, understanding of the detailed preferential flow processes clearly enhances the understanding of pesticide leaching on event and long term scale, and can further improve risk assessment and modeling approaches. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Hermawan2014, author = {Hermawan, Romy}, title = {Coordination and civil service reform in Indonesia (1999-2009)}, publisher = {Center of South South Cooperation Studies, Univ.}, address = {Brawijaya}, isbn = {978-602-284-061-9}, pages = {XVIII, 236 S. : graph. Darst.}, year = {2014}, abstract = {The background of civil service reform in Indonesia reveals the emergence of the reformation movement in 1998, following the fall of the authoritarian New Order regime. The reformation movement has seen the introduction of reforms in Indonesia's various governmental institutions, including the civil service. The civil service reforms were marked by the revision of Act 8/ 74 with Act 43 of 1999 on Civil Service Administration. The implementation of the civil service reform program, which was carried out by both central and local governments, required cooperation between the actors (in particular, Ministries, agencies and local governments), known as coordination. Currently, the coordination that occurs between actors tends to be rigid and hierarchical. As a result, targets are not efficiently and effectively met. Hierarchical coordination, without a strong public sector infrastructure, tends to have a negative impact on achieving the desired outcomes of the civil service reform program. As an intrinsic part of the New Order regime, hierarchical coordination resulted in inefficiency and lack of efficacy. Despite these inefficiencies, the administration and the political environment have changed significantly as a result of the reform process. Obvious examples of the reforms are changes in recruitment patterns, placement and remuneration policies. However, in the case of Indonesia, it appears that every state institution has its own policy. Thus, it appears that there has not been policy coherence in the civil service reform program, resulting in the lack of a sustainable program. The important thing to examine is how the coordination mechanisms of the civil service reform program in the central government have developed during the reform era in Indonesia The purpose of this study is to analyse the linkages between coordination mechanisms and the actual implementation of civil service reform programs. This is undertaken as a basis for intervention based on the structures and patterns of coordination mechanisms in the implementation of civil service reform programs. The next step is to formulate the development coordination mechanisms, particularly to create structures and patterns of civil service reforms which are more sustainable to the specific characteristics of public sector organisations in Indonesia. The benefits of this research are a stronger understanding of the linkages between the mechanisms of coordination and implementation of civil service reform programs. Through this analysis, the findings can then be applied as a basic consideration in planning a sustainable civil service reform program. In the basis of theoretical issues concerning the linkages between coordination mechanisms and implementation of civil service reform program sustainability, this book explores the type of coordination, which is needed to test the proportional and sustainable concept of the intended civil service reform program in Indonesia. Research conducted through studies, surveys and donors has shown that poor coordination is the major hindrance to the civil service program reform in Indonesia. This research employs a qualitative approach. In this study, the coordination mechanisms and implementations of civil service reform programs are demonstrated by means of case studies of the State Ministry for Administrative Reform, the National Civil Service Agency and the National Public Administration Institute. The coordination mechanisms in these Ministries and agencies were analysed using indicators of effective and efficient coordination. The analysis of the coordination mechanisms shows a tendency towards rigid hierarchical coordination. This raises concerns about fragmentation among departments and agencies at the central government level and calls for integrated civil service reform both at central and local governmental levels. In the context of implementation programs, a hierarchical mechanism of coordination leverages on various aspects, such as the program formulation, implementation flow of the program, the impact of policies, and achievement targets. In particular, there was a shift process of the mainstream civil service reform in the Ministries and agencies which are marked by the emergence of sectoral interest and inefficiencies in the civil service reform program. The primary result of successful civil service reform is increased professionalism in the civil service. The findings on hierarchical mechanisms and the prescriptions which will follow show that the professionalism of Indonesia's civil service is at stake. The implementation of the program through coordination mechanisms in Ministries and agencies is measured in various dimensions: the centre of coordination, integration of coordination, sustainability of coordination and multidimensionality of coordination. The results of this analysis show that coordination mechanisms and the implementation of civil service reform are more successful when they are integration rather than hierarchical mechanisms. For a successful implementation of the reform program, it is crucial to intervene and change the type of coordination at the central government through the integration approach (hierarchy, market, and network). Furthermore, in order to move towards the integration type mechanism of coordination the separation of the administration and politics in the practice of good governance needs to be carried out immediately and simultaneously. Based on this analysis, it can be concluded that the integration type mechanism of coordination is a suitable for Indonesia for a sustainable civil service reform program. Finally, to achieve coherent civil service reforms, national policies developed according to the central government's priorities are indispensable, establishing a coordination mechanism that can be adhered to throughout all reform sectors.}, language = {en} } @article{vanDrielGesztelyiBakerToeroeketal.2014, author = {van Driel-Gesztelyi, L. and Baker, Daniel N. and Toeroek, T. and Pariat, E. and Green, L. M. and Williams, D. R. and Carlyle, J. and Valori, G. and Demoulin, Pascal and Kliem, Bernhard and Long, D. M. and Matthews, S. A. and Malherbe, J. -M.}, title = {Coronal magnetic reconnection driven by CME expansion-the 2011 June 7 event}, series = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics}, volume = {788}, journal = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics}, number = {1}, publisher = {IOP Publ. Ltd.}, address = {Bristol}, issn = {0004-637X}, doi = {10.1088/0004-637X/788/1/85}, pages = {12}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) erupt and expand in a magnetically structured solar corona. Various indirect observational pieces of evidence have shown that the magnetic field of CMEs reconnects with surrounding magnetic fields, forming, e.g., dimming regions distant from the CME source regions. Analyzing Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) observations of the eruption from AR 11226 on 2011 June 7, we present the first direct evidence of coronal magnetic reconnection between the fields of two adjacent active regions during a CME. The observations are presented jointly with a data-constrained numerical simulation, demonstrating the formation/intensification of current sheets along a hyperbolic flux tube at the interface between the CME and the neighboring AR 11227. Reconnection resulted in the formation of new magnetic connections between the erupting magnetic structure from AR 11226 and the neighboring active region AR 11227 about 200 Mm from the eruption site. The onset of reconnection first becomes apparent in the SDO/AIA images when filament plasma, originally contained within the erupting flux rope, is redirected toward remote areas in AR 11227, tracing the change of large-scale magnetic connectivity. The location of the coronal reconnection region becomes bright and directly observable at SDO/AIA wavelengths, owing to the presence of down-flowing cool, dense (1010 cm(-3)) filament plasma in its vicinity. The high-density plasma around the reconnection region is heated to coronal temperatures, presumably by slow-mode shocks and Coulomb collisions. These results provide the first direct observational evidence that CMEs reconnect with surrounding magnetic structures, leading to a large-scale reconfiguration of the coronal magnetic field.}, language = {en} } @article{SchubertCollinsMangoldetal.2014, author = {Schubert, Marcel and Collins, Brian A. and Mangold, Hannah and Howard, Ian A. and Schindler, Wolfram and Vandewal, Koen and Roland, Steffen and Behrends, Jan and Kraffert, Felix and Steyrleuthner, Robert and Chen, Zhihua and Fostiropoulos, Konstantinos and Bittl, Robert and Salleo, Alberto and Facchetti, Antonio and Laquai, Frederic and Ade, Harald W. and Neher, Dieter}, title = {Correlated donor/acceptor crystal orientation controls photocurrent generation in all-polymer solar cells}, series = {Advanced functional materials}, volume = {24}, journal = {Advanced functional materials}, number = {26}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1616-301X}, doi = {10.1002/adfm.201304216}, pages = {4068 -- 4081}, year = {2014}, abstract = {New polymers with high electron mobilities have spurred research in organic solar cells using polymeric rather than fullerene acceptors due to their potential of increased diversity, stability, and scalability. However, all-polymer solar cells have struggled to keep up with the steadily increasing power conversion efficiency of polymer: fullerene cells. The lack of knowledge about the dominant recombination process as well as the missing concluding picture on the role of the semi-crystalline microstructure of conjugated polymers in the free charge carrier generation process impede a systematic optimization of all-polymer solar cells. These issues are examined by combining structural and photo-physical characterization on a series of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (donor) and P(NDI2OD-T2) (acceptor) blend devices. These experiments reveal that geminate recombination is the major loss channel for photo-excited charge carriers. Advanced X-ray and electron-based studies reveal the effect of chloronaphthalene co-solvent in reducing domain size, altering domain purity, and reorienting the acceptor polymer crystals to be coincident with those of the donor. This reorientation correlates well with the increased photocurrent from these devices. Thus, effi cient split-up of geminate pairs at polymer/polymer interfaces may necessitate correlated donor/acceptor crystal orientation, which represents an additional requirement compared to the isotropic fullerene acceptors.}, language = {en} } @article{SandevMetzlerTomovski2014, author = {Sandev, Trifce and Metzler, Ralf and Tomovski, Zivorad}, title = {Correlation functions for the fractional generalized Langevin equation in the presence of internal and external noise}, series = {Journal of mathematical physics}, volume = {55}, journal = {Journal of mathematical physics}, number = {2}, publisher = {American Institute of Physics}, address = {Melville}, issn = {0022-2488}, doi = {10.1063/1.4863478}, pages = {23}, year = {2014}, abstract = {We study generalized fractional Langevin equations in the presence of a harmonic potential. General expressions for the mean velocity and particle displacement, the mean squared displacement, position and velocity correlation functions, as well as normalized displacement correlation function are derived. We report exact results for the cases of internal and external friction, that is, when the driving noise is either internal and thus the fluctuation-dissipation relation is fulfilled or when the noise is external. The asymptotic behavior of the generalized stochastic oscillator is investigated, and the case of high viscous damping (overdamped limit) is considered. Additional behaviors of the normalized displacement correlation functions different from those for the regular damped harmonic oscillator are observed. In addition, the cases of a constant external force and the force free case are obtained. The validity of the generalized Einstein relation for this process is discussed. The considered fractional generalized Langevin equation may be used to model anomalous diffusive processes including single file-type diffusion.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{EngelKopinskiCarlsohnetal.2014, author = {Engel, Tilman and Kopinski, Stephan and Carlsohn, Anja and Cassel, Michael and Mayer, Frank}, title = {Correlation of sonographic subcutaneous adipose tissue measurements with air displacement plethysmography and calipermetry}, series = {Medicine and science in sports and exercise : official journal of the American College of Sports Medicine}, volume = {46}, booktitle = {Medicine and science in sports and exercise : official journal of the American College of Sports Medicine}, number = {5}, publisher = {Lippincott Williams \& Wilkins}, address = {Philadelphia}, issn = {0195-9131}, pages = {539 -- 539}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @article{YueBastiaanseAlter2014, author = {Yue, Jinxing and Bastiaanse, Roelien and Alter, Kai}, title = {Cortical plasticity induced by rapid Hebbian learning of novel tonal word-forms: Evidence from mismatch negativity}, series = {Brain \& language : a journal of the neurobiology of language}, volume = {139}, journal = {Brain \& language : a journal of the neurobiology of language}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {San Diego}, issn = {0093-934X}, doi = {10.1016/j.bandl.2014.09.007}, pages = {10 -- 22}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Although several experiments reported rapid cortical plasticity induced by passive exposure to novel segmental patterns, few studies have devoted attention to the neural dynamics during the rapid learning of novel tonal word-forms in tonal languages, such as Chinese. In the current study, native speakers of Mandarin Chinese were exposed to acoustically matched real and novel segment-tone patterns. By recording their Mismatch Negativity (MMN) responses (an ERP indicator of long-term memory traces for spoken words), we found enhanced MMNs to the novel word-forms over the left-hemispheric region in the late exposure phase relative to the early exposure phase. In contrast, no significant changes were identified in MMN responses to the real word during familiarisation. Our results suggest a rapid Hebbian learning mechanism in the human neocortex which develops long-term memory traces for a novel segment-tone pattern by establishing new associations between the segmental and tonal representations. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @unpublished{KreibichvandenBerghBouweretal.2014, author = {Kreibich, Heidi and van den Bergh, Jeroen C. J. M. and Bouwer, Laurens M. and Bubeck, Philip and Ciavola, Paolo and Green, Colin and Hallegatte, Stephane and Logar, Ivana and Meyer, Volker and Schwarze, Reimund and Thieken, Annegret}, title = {Costing natural hazards}, series = {Nature climate change}, volume = {4}, journal = {Nature climate change}, number = {5}, publisher = {Nature Publ. Group}, address = {London}, issn = {1758-678X}, pages = {303 -- 306}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @article{ShojaeiFard2014, author = {Shojaei-Fard, Ali}, title = {Counterterms in the context of the universal Hopf algebra of renormalization}, series = {International journal of modern physics : A, Particles and fields, gravitation, cosmology, nuclear physics}, volume = {29}, journal = {International journal of modern physics : A, Particles and fields, gravitation, cosmology, nuclear physics}, number = {8}, publisher = {World Scientific}, address = {Singapore}, issn = {0217-751X}, doi = {10.1142/S0217751X14500456}, pages = {15}, year = {2014}, abstract = {The manuscript discovers a new interpretation of counterterms of renormalizable Quantum Field Theories in terms of formal expansions of decorated rooted trees.}, language = {en} } @article{GabsiHammersWirtzGrimmetal.2014, author = {Gabsi, Faten and Hammers-Wirtz, Monika and Grimm, Volker and Schaeffer, Andreas and Preuss, Thomas G.}, title = {Coupling different mechanistic effect models for capturing individual- and population-level effects of chemicals: Lessons from a case where standard risk assessment failed}, series = {Ecological modelling : international journal on ecological modelling and engineering and systems ecolog}, volume = {280}, journal = {Ecological modelling : international journal on ecological modelling and engineering and systems ecolog}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0304-3800}, doi = {10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2013.06.018}, pages = {18 -- 29}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Current environmental risk assessment (ERA) of chemicals for aquatic invertebrates relies on standardized laboratory tests in which toxicity effects on individual survival, growth and reproduction are measured. Such tests determine the threshold concentration of a chemical below which no population-level effects are expected. How well this procedure captures effects on individuals and populations, however, remains an open question. Here we used mechanistic effect models, combining individual-level reproduction and survival models with an individual-based population model (IBM), to understand the individuals' responses and extrapolate them to the population level. We used a toxicant (Dispersogen A) for which adverse effects on laboratory populations were detected at the determined threshold concentration and thus challenged the conservatism of the current risk assessment method. Multiple toxicity effects on reproduction and survival were reported, in addition to effects on the F1 generation. We extrapolated commonly tested individual toxicity endpoints, reproduction and survival, to the population level using the IBM. Effects on reproduction were described via regression models. To select the most appropriate survival model, the IBM was run assuming either stochastic death (SD) or individual tolerance (IT). Simulations were run for different scenarios regarding the toxicant's effects: survival toxicity, reproductive toxicity, or survival and reproductive toxicity. As population-level endpoints, we used population size and structure and extinction risk. We found that survival represented as SD explained population dynamics better than IT. Integrating toxicity effects on both reproduction and survival yielded more accurate predictions of population effects than considering isolated effects. To fully capture population effects observed at high toxicant concentrations, toxicity effects transmitted to the F1 generation had to be integrated. Predicted extinction risk was highly sensitive to the assumptions about individual-level effects. Our results demonstrate that the endpoints used in current standard tests may not be sufficient for assessing the risk of adverse effects on populations. A combination of laboratory population experiments with mechanistic effect models is a powerful tool to better understand and predict effects on both individuals and populations. Mechanistic effect modelling thus holds great potential to improve the accuracy of ERA of chemicals in the future. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Balzer2014, author = {Balzer, Arnim}, title = {Crab flare observations with H.E.S.S. phase II}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-72545}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, year = {2014}, abstract = {The H.E.S.S. array is a third generation Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope (IACT) array. It is located in the Khomas Highland in Namibia, and measures very high energy (VHE) gamma-rays. In Phase I, the array started data taking in 2004 with its four identical 13 m telescopes. Since then, H.E.S.S. has emerged as the most successful IACT experiment to date. Among the almost 150 sources of VHE gamma-ray radiation found so far, even the oldest detection, the Crab Nebula, keeps surprising the scientific community with unexplained phenomena such as the recently discovered very energetic flares of high energy gamma-ray radiation. During its most recent flare, which was detected by the Fermi satellite in March 2013, the Crab Nebula was simultaneously observed with the H.E.S.S. array for six nights. The results of the observations will be discussed in detail during the course of this work. During the nights of the flare, the new 24 m × 32 m H.E.S.S. II telescope was still being commissioned, but participated in the data taking for one night. To be able to reconstruct and analyze the data of the H.E.S.S. Phase II array, the algorithms and software used by the H.E.S.S. Phase I array had to be adapted. The most prominent advanced shower reconstruction technique developed by de Naurois and Rolland, the template-based model analysis, compares real shower images taken by the Cherenkov telescope cameras with shower templates obtained using a semi-analytical model. To find the best fitting image, and, therefore, the relevant parameters that describe the air shower best, a pixel-wise log-likelihood fit is done. The adaptation of this advanced shower reconstruction technique to the heterogeneous H.E.S.S. Phase II array for stereo events (i.e. air showers seen by at least two telescopes of any kind), its performance using MonteCarlo simulations as well as its application to real data will be described.}, language = {en} } @article{Noack2014, author = {Noack, Franziska}, title = {CREADED: Colored-Relief application for digital elevation data}, series = {Process design for natural scientists: an agile model-driven approach}, journal = {Process design for natural scientists: an agile model-driven approach}, number = {500}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-662-45005-5}, issn = {1865-0929}, pages = {186 -- 199}, year = {2014}, abstract = {In the geoinformatics field, remote sensing data is often used for analyzing the characteristics of the current investigation area. This includes DEMs, which are simple raster grids containing grey scales representing the respective elevation values. The project CREADED that is presented in this paper aims at making these monochrome raster images more significant and more intuitively interpretable. For this purpose, an executable interactive model for creating a colored and relief-shaded Digital Elevation Model (DEM) has been designed using the jABC framework. The process is based on standard jABC-SIBs and SIBs that provide specific GIS functions, which are available as Web services, command line tools and scripts.}, language = {en} } @article{Kind2014, author = {Kind, Josephine}, title = {Creation of topographic maps}, series = {Process design for natural scientists: an agile model-driven approach}, journal = {Process design for natural scientists: an agile model-driven approach}, number = {500}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-662-45005-5}, pages = {229 -- 238}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Location analyses are among the most common tasks while working with spatial data and geographic information systems. Automating the most frequently used procedures is therefore an important aspect of improving their usability. In this context, this project aims to design and implement a workflow, providing some basic tools for a location analysis. For the implementation with jABC, the workflow was applied to the problem of finding a suitable location for placing an artificial reef. For this analysis three parameters (bathymetry, slope and grain size of the ground material) were taken into account, processed, and visualized with the The Generic Mapping Tools (GMT), which were integrated into the workflow as jETI-SIBs. The implemented workflow thereby showed that the approach to combine jABC with GMT resulted in an user-centric yet user-friendly tool with high-quality cartographic outputs.}, language = {en} } @article{deCarvalhoMetzlerCherstvy2014, author = {de Carvalho, Sidney J. and Metzler, Ralf and Cherstvy, Andrey G.}, title = {Critical adsorption of polyelectrolytes onto charged Janus nanospheres}, series = {Physical chemistry, chemical physics : a journal of European Chemical Societies}, volume = {16}, journal = {Physical chemistry, chemical physics : a journal of European Chemical Societies}, number = {29}, publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {1463-9076}, doi = {10.1039/c4cp02207f}, pages = {15539 -- 15550}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Based on extensive Monte Carlo simulations and analytical considerations we study the electrostatically driven adsorption of flexible polyelectrolyte chains onto charged Janus nanospheres. These net-neutral colloids are composed of two equally but oppositely charged hemispheres. The critical binding conditions for polyelectrolyte chains are analysed as function of the radius of the Janus particle and its surface charge density, as well as the salt concentration in the ambient solution. Specifically for the adsorption of finite-length polyelectrolyte chains onto Janus nanoparticles, we demonstrate that the critical adsorption conditions drastically differ when the size of the Janus particle or the screening length of the electrolyte are varied. We compare the scaling laws obtained for the adsorption-desorption threshold to the known results for uniformly charged spherical particles, observing significant disparities. We also contrast the changes to the polyelectrolyte chain conformations close to the surface of the Janus nanoparticles as compared to those for simple spherical particles. Finally, we discuss experimentally relevant physicochemical systems for which our simulations results may become important. In particular, we observe similar trends with polyelectrolyte complexation with oppositely but heterogeneously charged proteins.}, language = {en} } @misc{deCarvalhoMetzlerCherstvy2014, author = {de Carvalho, Sidney J. and Metzler, Ralf and Cherstvy, Andrey G.}, title = {Critical adsorption of polyelectrolytes onto charged Janus nanospheres}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-98783}, pages = {12}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Based on extensive Monte Carlo simulations and analytical considerations we study the electrostatically driven adsorption of flexible polyelectrolyte chains onto charged Janus nanospheres. These net-neutral colloids are composed of two equally but oppositely charged hemispheres. The critical binding conditions for polyelectrolyte chains are analysed as function of the radius of the Janus particle and its surface charge density, as well as the salt concentration in the ambient solution. Specifically for the adsorption of finite-length polyelectrolyte chains onto Janus nanoparticles, we demonstrate that the critical adsorption conditions drastically differ when the size of the Janus particle or the screening length of the electrolyte are varied. We compare the scaling laws obtained for the adsorption-desorption threshold to the known results for uniformly charged spherical particles, observing significant disparities. We also contrast the changes to the polyelectrolyte chain conformations close to the surface of the Janus nanoparticles as compared to those for simple spherical particles. Finally, we discuss experimentally relevant physico-chemical systems for which our simulations results may become important. In particular, we observe similar trends with polyelectrolyte complexation with oppositely but heterogeneously charged proteins.}, language = {en} } @article{SchmidtHauke2014, author = {Schmidt, Bernd and Hauke, Sylvia}, title = {Cross metathesis of allyl alcohols: how to suppress and how to promote double bond isomerization}, issn = {1477-0520}, doi = {10.1039/c3ob40167g}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Under standard conditions the cross metathesis of allyl alcohols and methyl acrylate is accompanied by the formation of ketones, resulting from uncontrolled and undesired double bond isomerization. By conducting the CM in the presence of phenol, the catalyst loading and the reaction time required for quantiative conversion can be reduced, and isomerization can be suppressed. On the other hand, consecutive isomerization can be deliberately promoted by evaporating excess methyl acrylate after completing cross metathesis and by adding a base or silane as chemical triggers.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Reiter2014, author = {Reiter, Karsten}, title = {Crustal stress variability across spatial scales - examples from Canada, Northern Switzerland and a South African gold mine}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-76762}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {VIII, 149, XI}, year = {2014}, abstract = {The quantitative descriptions of the state of stress in the Earth's crust, and spatial-temporal stress changes are of great importance in terms of scientific questions as well as applied geotechnical issues. Human activities in the underground (boreholes, tunnels, caverns, reservoir management, etc.) have a large impact on the stress state. It is important to assess, whether these activities may lead to (unpredictable) hazards, such as induced seismicity. Equally important is the understanding of the in situ stress state in the Earth's crust, as it allows the determination of safe well paths, already during well planning. The same goes for the optimal configuration of the injection- and production wells, where stimulation for artificial fluid path ways is necessary. The here presented cumulative dissertation consists of four separate manuscripts, which are already published, submitted or will be submitted for peer review within the next weeks. The main focus is on the investigation of the possible usage of geothermal energy in the province Alberta (Canada). A 3-D geomechanical-numerical model was designed to quantify the contemporary 3-D stress tensor in the upper crust. For the calibration of the regional model, 321 stress orientation data and 2714 stress magnitude data were collected, whereby the size and diversity of the database is unique. A calibration scheme was developed, where the model is calibrated versus the in situ stress data stepwise for each data type and gradually optimized using statistically test methods. The optimum displacement on the model boundaries can be determined by bivariate linear regression, based on only three model runs with varying deformation ratio. The best-fit model is able to predict most of the in situ stress data quite well. Thus, the model can provide the full stress tensor along any chosen virtual well paths. This can be used to optimize the orientation of horizontal wells, which e.g. can be used for reservoir stimulation. The model confirms regional deviations from the average stress orientation trend, such as in the region of the Peace River Arch and the Bow Island Arch. In the context of data compilation for the Alberta stress model, the Canadian database of the World Stress Map (WSM) could be expanded by including 514 new data records. This publication of an update of the Canadian stress map after ~20 years with a specific focus on Alberta shows, that the maximum horizontal stress (SHmax) is oriented southwest to northeast over large areas in Northern America. The SHmax orientation in Alberta is very homogeneous, with an average of about 47°. In order to calculate the average SHmax orientation on a regular grid as well as to estimate the wave-length of stress orientation, an existing algorithm has been improved and is applied to the Canadian data. The newly introduced quasi interquartile range on the circle (QIROC) improves the variance estimation of periodic data, as it is less susceptible to its outliers. Another geomechanical-numerical model was built to estimate the 3D stress tensor in the target area "N{\"o}rdlich L{\"a}gern" in Northern Switzerland. This location, with Opalinus clay as a host rock, is a potential repository site for high-level radioactive waste. The performed modelling aims to investigate the sensitivity of the stress tensor on tectonic shortening, topography, faults and variable rock properties within the Mesozoic sedimentary stack, according to the required stability needed for a suitable radioactive waste disposal site. The majority of the tectonic stresses caused by the far-field shortening from the South are admitted by the competent rock units in the footwall and hanging wall of the argillaceous target horizon, the Upper Malm and Upper Muschelkalk. Thus, the differential stress within the host rock remains relatively low. East-west striking faults release stresses driven by tectonic shortening. The purely gravitational influence by the topography is low; higher SHmax magnitudes below topographical depression and lower values below hills are mainly observed near the surface. A complete calibration of the model is not possible, as no stress magnitude data are available for calibration, yet. The collection of this data will begin in 2015; subsequently they will be used to adjust the geomechanical-numerical model again. The third geomechanical-numerical model investigates the stress variation in an ultra-deep gold mine in South Africa. This reservoir model is spatially one order of magnitude smaller than the previous local model from Northern Switzerland. Here, the primary focus is to investigate the hypothesis that the Mw 1.9 earthquake on 27 December 2007 was induced by stress changes due to the mining process. The Coulomb failure stress change (DeltaCFS) was used to analyse the stress change. It confirmed that the seismic event was induced by static stress transfer due to the mining progress. The rock was brought closer to failure on the derived rupture plane by stress changes of up to 1.5-15MPa, in dependence of the DeltaCFS analysis type. A forward modelling of a generic excavation scheme reveals that with decreasing distance to the dyke the DeltaCFS values increase significantly. Hence, even small changes in the mining progress can have a significant impact on the seismic hazard risk, i.e. the change of the occurrence probability to induce a seismic event of economic concern.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Feld2014, author = {Feld, Christian}, title = {Crustal structure of the Eratosthenes Seamount, Cyprus and S. Turkey from an amphibian wide-angle seismic profile}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-73479}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {xi, 131}, year = {2014}, abstract = {In March 2010, the project CoCoCo (incipient COntinent-COntinent COllision) recorded a 650 km long amphibian N-S wide-angle seismic profile, extending from the Eratosthenes Seamount (ESM) across Cyprus and southern Turkey to the Anatolian plateau. The aim of the project is to reveal the impact of the transition from subduction to continent-continent collision of the African plate with the Cyprus-Anatolian plate. A visual quality check, frequency analysis and filtering were applied to the seismic data and reveal a good data quality. Subsequent first break picking, finite-differences ray tracing and inversion of the offshore wide-angle data leads to a first-arrival tomographic model. This model reveals (1) P-wave velocities lower than 6.5 km/s in the crust, (2) a variable crustal thickness of about 28 - 37 km and (3) an upper crustal reflection at 5 km depth beneath the ESM. Two land shots on Turkey, also recorded on Cyprus, airgun shots south of Cyprus and geological and previous seismic investigations provide the information to derive a layered velocity model beneath the Anatolian plateau and for the ophiolite complex on Cyprus. The analysis of the reflections provides evidence for a north-dipping plate subducting beneath Cyprus. The main features of this layered velocity model are (1) an upper and lower crust with large lateral changes of the velocity structure and thickness, (2) a Moho depth of about 38 - 45 km beneath the Anatolian plateau, (3) a shallow north-dipping subducting plate below Cyprus with an increasing dip and (4) a typical ophiolite sequence on Cyprus with a total thickness of about 12 km. The offshore-onshore seismic data complete and improve the information about the velocity structure beneath Cyprus and the deeper part of the offshore tomographic model. Thus, the wide-angle seismic data provide detailed insights into the 2-D geometry and velocity structures of the uplifted and overriding Cyprus-Anatolian plate. Subsequent gravity modelling confirms and extends the crustal P-wave velocity model. The deeper part of the subducting plate is constrained by the gravity data and has a dip angle of ~ 28°. Finally, an integrated analysis of the geophysical and geological information allows a comprehensive interpretation of the crustal structure related to the collision process.}, language = {en} } @article{Bubenzer2014, author = {Bubenzer, Johannes}, title = {Cycle-aware minimization of acyclic deterministic finite-state automata}, series = {Discrete applied mathematics}, volume = {163}, journal = {Discrete applied mathematics}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0166-218X}, doi = {10.1016/j.dam.2013.08.003}, pages = {238 -- +}, year = {2014}, abstract = {In this paper a linear-time algorithm for the minimization of acyclic deterministic finite-state automata is presented. The algorithm runs significantly faster than previous algorithms for the same task. This is shown by a comparison of the running times of both algorithms. Additionally, a variation of the new algorithm is presented which handles cyclic automata as input. The new cycle-aware algorithm minimizes acyclic automata in the desired way. In case of cyclic input, the algorithm minimizes all acyclic suffixes of the input automaton.}, language = {en} } @article{CywinskiMoroLoehmannsroeben2014, author = {Cywinski, Piotr J. and Moro, Artur J. and L{\"o}hmannsr{\"o}ben, Hans-Gerd}, title = {Cyclic GMP recognition using ratiometric QD-fluorophore conjugate nanosensors}, series = {Biosensors and bioelectronics : the principal international journal devoted to research, design development and application of biosensors and bioelectronics}, volume = {52}, journal = {Biosensors and bioelectronics : the principal international journal devoted to research, design development and application of biosensors and bioelectronics}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0956-5663}, doi = {10.1016/j.bios.2013.09.002}, pages = {288 -- 292}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @article{BacskaiAtkari2014, author = {Bacskai-Atkari, Julia}, title = {Cyclical change in Hungarian comparatives}, series = {Diachronica}, volume = {31}, journal = {Diachronica}, number = {4}, publisher = {Benjamins}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0176-4225}, doi = {10.1075/dia.31.4.01bac}, pages = {465 -- 505}, year = {2014}, abstract = {This paper examines cyclical changes in comparative subclauses, showing how operators are reanalysed as complementisers via the general mechanism of the relative cycle, and how this is related to whether certain lexical elements have to be deleted at the left periphery. I also show that only operators appearing without a lexical XP can be grammaticalised, which follows from the nature of the formal features associated with the various operator elements. Though the main focus is on Hungarian historical data, the framework can be applied to other languages too, such as German and Italian, since the changes stem from general principles of economy.}, language = {en} } @article{LukasWacker2014, author = {Lukas, Marcus and Wacker, Alexander}, title = {Daphnia's dilemma: adjustment of carbon budgets in the face of food and cholesterol limitation}, series = {The journal of experimental biology}, volume = {217}, journal = {The journal of experimental biology}, number = {7}, publisher = {Company of Biologists Limited}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {0022-0949}, doi = {10.1242/jeb.094151}, pages = {1079 -- 1086}, year = {2014}, abstract = {We studied the carbon (C) metabolism in Daphnia when the amount of C (food quantity) and/or the content of biochemical nutrients (food quality) was limiting. Growth performances and C budgets of Daphnia magna (assimilation, faeces egestion, excretion and respiration measured by [C-14]-tracing) were analysed when animals were raised on different food quantities and concentrations of cholesterol, an essential biochemical food compound. Cholesterol is of special interest because it not only acts as limiting nutrient but also contributes to the overall C pool of the animals. As the tissue cholesterol concentration in Daphnia is quite low, we hypothesized the selective exclusion of cholesterol from C budgeting and tested this using radiolabelled cholesterol. Somatic growth rates of D. magna were highest at high quantity and quality and were reduced to a moderate value if either the food quantity or the cholesterol concentration was low. Growth was lowest at low food quantity and quality. The measurements of C budgets revealed high regulative response to low food quality at high food quantity only. Here, low dietary cholesterol caused bulk C assimilation efficiency (AE) to decrease and assimilated (excess) C to be increasingly respired. Additionally, Daphnia enhanced efficient adjustment of C budgets when facing cholesterol limitation by (1) increasing the AE of the cholesterol itself and (2) not changing cholesterol respiration, which was still not detectable. In contrast, at low food quantity, Daphnia is unable to adjust for low food quality, emphasizing that food limitation could overrule food quality effects.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Heise2014, author = {Heise, Arvid}, title = {Data cleansing and integration operators for a parallel data analytics platform}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-77100}, school = {Universit{\"a}t Potsdam}, pages = {ii, 179}, year = {2014}, abstract = {The data quality of real-world datasets need to be constantly monitored and maintained to allow organizations and individuals to reliably use their data. Especially, data integration projects suffer from poor initial data quality and as a consequence consume more effort and money. Commercial products and research prototypes for data cleansing and integration help users to improve the quality of individual and combined datasets. They can be divided into either standalone systems or database management system (DBMS) extensions. On the one hand, standalone systems do not interact well with DBMS and require time-consuming data imports and exports. On the other hand, DBMS extensions are often limited by the underlying system and do not cover the full set of data cleansing and integration tasks. We overcome both limitations by implementing a concise set of five data cleansing and integration operators on the parallel data analytics platform Stratosphere. We define the semantics of the operators, present their parallel implementation, and devise optimization techniques for individual operators and combinations thereof. Users specify declarative queries in our query language METEOR with our new operators to improve the data quality of individual datasets or integrate them to larger datasets. By integrating the data cleansing operators into the higher level language layer of Stratosphere, users can easily combine cleansing operators with operators from other domains, such as information extraction, to complex data flows. Through a generic description of the operators, the Stratosphere optimizer reorders operators even from different domains to find better query plans. As a case study, we reimplemented a part of the large Open Government Data integration project GovWILD with our new operators and show that our queries run significantly faster than the original GovWILD queries, which rely on relational operators. Evaluation reveals that our operators exhibit good scalability on up to 100 cores, so that even larger inputs can be efficiently processed by scaling out to more machines. Finally, our scripts are considerably shorter than the original GovWILD scripts, which results in better maintainability of the scripts.}, language = {en} } @article{Blaese2014, author = {Blaese, Leif}, title = {Data mining for unidentified protein squences}, series = {Process design for natural scientists: an agile model-driven approach}, journal = {Process design for natural scientists: an agile model-driven approach}, number = {500}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-662-45005-5}, issn = {1865-0929}, pages = {73 -- 87}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Through the use of next generation sequencing (NGS) technology, a lot of newly sequenced organisms are now available. Annotating those genes is one of the most challenging tasks in sequence biology. Here, we present an automated workflow to find homologue proteins, annotate sequences according to function and create a three-dimensional model.}, language = {en} } @article{LamannaKirschbaumTiedemann2014, author = {Lamanna, Francesco and Kirschbaum, Frank and Tiedemann, Ralph}, title = {De novo assembly and characterization of the skeletal muscle and electric organ transcriptomes of the African weakly electric fish Campylomormyrus compressirostris (Mormyridae, Teleostei)}, series = {Molecular ecology resources}, volume = {14}, journal = {Molecular ecology resources}, number = {6}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {1755-098X}, doi = {10.1111/1755-0998.12260}, pages = {1222 -- 1230}, year = {2014}, abstract = {African weakly electric fishes (Mormyridae) underwent an outstanding adaptive radiation (about 200 species), putatively owing to their ability to communicate through species-specific weak electric signals. The electric organ discharge (EOD) is produced by muscle-derived electrocytes organized in piles to form an electric organ. Despite the importance of this trait as a prezygotic isolation mechanism, genomic resources remained limited. We present here a first draft of the skeletal muscle and electric organ transcriptomes from the weakly electric fish species Campylomormyrus compressirostris, obtained using the Illumina HiSeq2000 sequencing technology. Approximately 6.8 Gbp of cDNA sequence data were produced from both tissues, resulting in 57268109 raw reads for the skeletal muscle and 46934923 for the electric organ, and assembled de novo into 46143 and 89270 contigs, respectively. About 50\% of both transcriptomes were annotated after protein databases search. The two transcriptomes show similar profiles in terms of Gene Ontology categories composition. We identified several candidate genes which are likely to play a central role in the production and evolution of the electric signal. For most of these genes, and for many other housekeeping genes, we were able to obtain the complete or partial coding DNA sequences (CDS), which can be used for the development of primers to be utilized in qRT-PCR experiments. We present also the complete mitochondrial genome and compare it to those available from other weakly electric fish species. Additionally, we located 1671 SSR-containing regions with their flanking sites and designed the relative primers. This study establishes a first step in the development of genomic tools aimed at understanding the role of electric communication during speciation.}, language = {en} } @article{PutraTsuprykovVonWebskyetal.2014, author = {Putra, Sulistyo Emantoko Dwi and Tsuprykov, Oleg and Von Websky, Karoline and Ritter, Teresa and Reichetzeder, Christoph and Hocher, Berthold}, title = {Dealing with large sample sizes: comparison of a new one spot dot blot method to western blot}, series = {Clinical laboratory : the peer reviewed journal for clinical laboratories and laboratories related to blood transfusion}, volume = {60}, journal = {Clinical laboratory : the peer reviewed journal for clinical laboratories and laboratories related to blood transfusion}, number = {11}, publisher = {Clin Lab Publ., Verl. Klinisches Labor}, address = {Heidelberg}, issn = {1433-6510}, doi = {10.7754/Clin.Lab.2014.140317}, pages = {1871 -- 1877}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Background: Western blot is the gold standard method to determine individual protein expression levels. However, western blot is technically difficult to perform in large sample sizes because it is a time consuming and labor intensive process. Dot blot is often used instead when dealing with large sample sizes, but the main disadvantage of the existing dot blot techniques, is the absence of signal normalization to a housekeeping protein. Methods: In this study we established a one dot two development signals (ODTDS) dot blot method employing two different signal development systems. The first signal from the protein of interest was detected by horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The second signal, detecting the housekeeping protein, was obtained by using alkaline phosphatase (AP). Results: Inter-assay results variations within ODTDS dot blot and western blot and intra-assay variations between both methods were low (1.04 - 5.71\%) as assessed by coefficient of variation. Conclusions: ODTDS dot blot technique can be used instead of western blot when dealing with large sample sizes without a reduction in results accuracy.}, language = {en} } @article{SangoroIacobAgapovetal.2014, author = {Sangoro, Joshia R. and Iacob, C. and Agapov, A. L. and Wang, Yangyang and Berdzinski, Stefan and Rexhausen, Hans and Strehmel, Veronika and Friedrich, C. and Sokolov, A. P. and Kremer, F.}, title = {Decoupling of ionic conductivity from structural dynamics in polymerized ionic liquids}, series = {Soft matter}, volume = {10}, journal = {Soft matter}, number = {20}, publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {1744-683X}, doi = {10.1039/c3sm53202j}, pages = {3536 -- 3540}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Charge transport and structural dynamics in low molecular weight and polymerized 1-vinyl-3-pentylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide ionic liquids (ILs) are investigated by a combination of broadband dielectric spectroscopy, dynamic mechanical spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. While the dc conductivity and fluidity exhibit practically identical temperature dependence for the non-polymerized IL, a significant decoupling of ionic conduction from structural dynamics is observed for the polymerized IL. In addition, the dc conductivity of the polymerized IL exceeds that of its molecular counterpart by four orders of magnitude at their respective calorimetric glass transition temperatures. This is attributed to the unusually high mobility of the anions especially at lower temperatures when the structural dynamics is significantly slowed down. A simple physical explanation of the possible origin of the remarkable decoupling of ionic conductivity from structural dynamics is proposed.}, language = {en} } @article{FeherLisecRoemischMargletal.2014, author = {Feher, Kristen and Lisec, Jan and Roemisch-Margl, Lilla and Selbig, Joachim and Gierl, Alfons and Piepho, Hans-Peter and Nikoloski, Zoran and Willmitzer, Lothar}, title = {Deducing hybrid performance from parental metabolic profiles of young primary roots of maize by using a multivariate diallel approach}, series = {PLoS one}, volume = {9}, journal = {PLoS one}, number = {1}, publisher = {PLoS}, address = {San Fransisco}, issn = {1932-6203}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0085435}, pages = {9}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @article{ArchambaultAuneBeheraetal.2014, author = {Archambault, S. and Aune, T. and Behera, B. and Beilicke, M. and Benbow, W. and Berger, K. and Bird, R. and Biteau, Jonathan and Bugaev, V. and Byrum, K. and Cardenzana, J. V. and Cerruti, M. and Chen, Xuhui and Ciupik, L. and Connolly, M. P. and Cui, Wei and Dumm, J. and Errando, M. and Falcone, A. and Federici, Simone and Feng, Q. and Finley, J. P. and Fleischhack, H. and Fortson, L. and Furniss, A. and Galante, N. and Gillanders, G. H. and Griffin, S. and Griffiths, S. T. and Grube, J. and Gyuk, G. and Hanna, D. and Holder, J. and Hughes, G. and Humensky, T. B. and Johnson, C. A. and Kaaret, P. and Kertzman, M. and Khassen, Y. and Kieda, D. and Krawczynski, H. and Krennrich, F. and Kumar, S. and Lang, M. J. and Madhavan, A. S. and Maier, G. and McCann, A. and Meagher, K. and Moriarty, P. and Mukherjee, R. and Nieto, Daniel and Ong, R. A. and Otte, A. N. and Park, N. and Pohl, Martin and Popkow, A. and Prokoph, H. and Quinn, J. and Ragan, K. and Rajotte, J. and Reyes, L. C. and Reynolds, P. T. and Richards, G. T. and Roache, E. and Sembroski, G. H. and Shahinyan, K. and Staszak, D. and Telezhinsky, Igor O. and Tucci, J. V. and Tyler, J. and Varlotta, A. and Vassiliev, V. V. and Vincent, S. and Wakely, S. P. and Weinstein, A. and Welsing, R. and Wilhelm, Alina and Williams, D. A. and Ackermann, Margit and Ajello, M. and Albert, A. and Baldini, L. and Bastieri, D. and Bellazzini, R. and Bissaldi, E. and Bregeon, Johan and Buehler, R. and Buson, S. and Caliandro, G. A. and Cameron, R. A. and Caraveo, P. A. and Cavazzuti, E. and Charles, E. and Chiang, J. and Ciprini, S. and Claus, R. and Cutini, S. and de Angelis, A. and de Palma, F. and Dermer, C. D. and Digel, S. W. and Di Venere, L. and Drell, P. S. and Favuzzi, C. and Franckowiak, A. and Fusco, P. and Gargano, F. and Gasparrini, D. and Giglietto, N. and Giordano, F. and Giroletti, M. and Grenier, I. A. and Guiriec, S. and Jogler, T. and Kuss, M. and Larsson, S. and Latronico, L. and Longo, F. and Loparco, F. and Lubrano, P. and Madejski, G. M. and Mayer, M. and Mazziotta, Mario Nicola and Michelson, P. F. and Mizuno, T. and Monzani, M. E. and Morselli, Aldo and Murgia, S. and Nuss, E. and Ohsugi, T. and Ormes, J. F. and Paneque, D. and Perkins, J. S. and Piron, F. and Pivato, G. and Raino, S. and Razzano, M. and Reimer, A. and Reimer, Olaf and Ritz, S. and Schaal, M. and Sgro, C. and Siskind, E. J. and Spinelli, P. and Takahashi, H. and Tibaldo, L. and Tinivella, M. and Troja, E. and Vianello, G. and Werner, M. and Wood, M.}, title = {Deep broadband observations of the distant gamma-ray blazar PKS 1424+240}, series = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics ; Part 2, Letters}, volume = {785}, journal = {The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics ; Part 2, Letters}, number = {1}, publisher = {IOP Publ. Ltd.}, address = {Bristol}, organization = {VERITAS Collaboration, Fermi LAT Collaboration}, issn = {2041-8205}, doi = {10.1088/2041-8205/785/1/L16}, pages = {8}, year = {2014}, abstract = {We present deep VERITAS observations of the blazar PKS 1424+240, along with contemporaneous Fermi Large Area Telescope, Swift X-ray Telescope, and Swift UV Optical Telescope data between 2009 February 19 and 2013 June 8. This blazar resides at a redshift of z >= 0.6035, displaying a significantly attenuated gamma-ray flux above 100 GeV due to photon absorption via pair-production with the extragalactic background light. We present more than 100 hr of VERITAS observations over three years, a multiwavelength light curve, and the contemporaneous spectral energy distributions. The source shows a higher flux of (2.1 +/- 0.3) x 10(-7) photons m(-2) s(-1) above 120 GeV in 2009 and 2011 as compared to the flux measured in 2013, corresponding to (1.02 +/- 0.08) x 10-7 photons m(-2) s(-1) above 120 GeV. The measured differential very high energy (VHE; E >= 100 GeV) spectral indices are Gamma = 3.8 +/- 0.3, 4.3 +/- 0.6 and 4.5 +/- 0.2 in 2009, 2011, and 2013, respectively. No significant spectral change across the observation epochs is detected. We find no evidence for variability at gamma-ray opacities of greater than tau = 2, where it is postulated that any variability would be small and occur on timescales longer than a year if hadronic cosmic-ray interactions with extragalactic photon fields provide a secondary VHE photon flux. The data cannot rule out such variability due to low statistics.}, language = {en} } @article{GhoshCherstvyMetzler2014, author = {Ghosh, Surya K. and Cherstvy, Andrey G. and Metzler, Ralf}, title = {Deformation propagation in responsive polymer network films}, series = {The journal of chemical physics : bridges a gap between journals of physics and journals of chemistr}, volume = {141}, journal = {The journal of chemical physics : bridges a gap between journals of physics and journals of chemistr}, number = {7}, publisher = {American Institute of Physics}, address = {Melville}, issn = {0021-9606}, doi = {10.1063/1.4893056}, pages = {9}, year = {2014}, abstract = {We study the elastic deformations in a cross-linked polymer network film triggered by the binding of submicron particles with a sticky surface, mimicking the interactions of viral pathogens with thin films of stimulus-responsive polymeric materials such as hydrogels. From extensive Langevin Dynamics simulations we quantify how far the network deformations propagate depending on the elasticity parameters of the network and the adhesion strength of the particles. We examine the dynamics of the collective area shrinkage of the network and obtain some simple relations for the associated characteristic decay lengths. A detailed analysis elucidates how the elastic energy of the network is distributed between stretching and compression modes in response to the particle binding. We also examine the force-distance curves of the repulsion or attraction interactions for a pair of sticky particles in the polymer network film as a function of the particle-particle separation. The results of this computational study provide new insight into collective phenomena in soft polymer network films and may, in particular, be applied to applications for visual detection of pathogens such as viruses via a macroscopic response of thin films of cross-linked hydrogels. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.}, language = {en} } @article{RachBrauerWilkesetal.2014, author = {Rach, Oliver and Brauer, Achim and Wilkes, Heinz and Sachse, Dirk}, title = {Delayed hydrological response to Greenland cooling at the onset of the Younger Dryas in western Europe}, series = {Nature geoscience}, volume = {7}, journal = {Nature geoscience}, number = {2}, publisher = {Nature Publ. Group}, address = {New York}, issn = {1752-0894}, doi = {10.1038/NGEO2053}, pages = {109 -- 112}, year = {2014}, abstract = {The general warming trend of the last deglaciation was interrupted by the Younger Dryas, a period of abrupt cooling and widespread environmental change(1-10). Ice core records suggest the abrupt cooling began 12,846 years ago in Greenland(10), about 170 years before the significant environmental and vegetation change in western Europe(7) classically defined as the Younger Dryas. However, this difference in timing falls within age model uncertainties. Here we use the hydrogen isotope composition of lipid biomarkers from precisely dated varved sediments from Lake Meerfelder Maar to reconstruct hydroclimate over western Europe. We observe a decrease in the hydrogen isotope values of both aquatic and terrestrial lipids 12,850 years ago, indicating cooling climate in this region synchronous with the abrupt cooling in Greenland. A second drop occurs 170 years later, mainly in the hydrogen isotope record of aquatic lipids but to a lesser extent in the terrestrial lipids, which we attribute to aridification, as well as a change in moisture source and pathway. We thus confirm that there was indeed a lag between cooling and substantial hydrologic and environmental change in western Europe. We suggest the delay is related to the expansion of sea ice in the North Atlantic Ocean and the subsequent southward migration of the westerly wind system(9). We further suggest that these hydrological changes amplified environmental change in western Europe at the onset of the Younger Dryas.}, language = {en} } @article{DeyAdamovskiFriebeetal.2014, author = {Dey, Pradip and Adamovski, Miriam and Friebe, Simon and Badalyan, Artavazd and Mutihac, Radu-Cristian and Paulus, Florian and Leimk{\"u}hler, Silke and Wollenberger, Ursula and Haag, Rainer}, title = {Dendritic polyglycerol-poly(ethylene glycol)-based polymer networks for biosensing application}, series = {ACS applied materials \& interfaces}, volume = {6}, journal = {ACS applied materials \& interfaces}, number = {12}, publisher = {American Chemical Society}, address = {Washington}, issn = {1944-8244}, doi = {10.1021/am502018x}, pages = {8937 -- 8941}, year = {2014}, abstract = {This work describes the formation of a new dendritic polyglycerol-poly(ethylene glycol)-based 3D polymer network as a matrix for immobilization of the redox enzyme periplasmatic aldehyde oxidoreductase to create an electrochemical biosensor. The novel network is built directly on the gold surface, where it simultaneously stabilizes the enzyme for up to 4 days. The prepared biosensors can be used for amperometric detection of benzaldehyde in the range of 0.8-400 mu M.}, language = {en} } @article{BrenneckeOchsBoudharetal.2014, author = {Brennecke, Johannes and Ochs, Christopher J. and Boudhar, Aicha and Reux, Bastien and Subramanian, Gomathy Sandhya and Lear, Martin J. and Trau, Dieter and Hobley, Jonathan}, title = {Design, preparation and assessment of surface-immobilised tetraphenylethenes for biosensing applications}, series = {Applied surface science : a journal devoted to applied physics and chemistry of surfaces and interfaces}, volume = {307}, journal = {Applied surface science : a journal devoted to applied physics and chemistry of surfaces and interfaces}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0169-4332}, doi = {10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.04.061}, pages = {475 -- 481}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Tetraphenylethene (TPE) shows a significant increase of fluorescence intensity when the rotational freedom of its phenyl groups is restricted. This special property allows the use of TPE in sensor applications, which have been previously described for the liquid phase only. However, some applications utilising arrays require the immobilisation of TPE dyes on solid surfaces. In this work, we synthesised and investigated the fluorescence behaviour of TPE derivatives on silica particles and quartz slides and suggest ways to employ the dye's properties in solid phase biosensor applications. 2014 Published by Elsevier B.V.}, language = {en} } @article{HasinovicFribergKovachetal.2014, author = {Hasinovic, H. and Friberg, S. E. and Kovach, Ildyko and Koetz, Joachim}, title = {Destabilization of a dual emulsion to form a Janus emulsion}, series = {Colloid and polymer science : official journal of the Kolloid-Gesellschaft}, volume = {292}, journal = {Colloid and polymer science : official journal of the Kolloid-Gesellschaft}, number = {9}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {New York}, issn = {0303-402X}, doi = {10.1007/s00396-014-3263-3}, pages = {2319 -- 2324}, year = {2014}, abstract = {A vegetable oil (VO) was added to an emulsion of silicone oil in water (SO/W) with mixing limited to once turning the test tube upside down. Initially, the VO was dispersed into virtually centimeter-sized drops and the emulsion contained effectively no Janus drops, while after 1 h of agitation at a low level to prevent creaming, drops of 50-100-mu m size of the two oils were observed: in addition to an insignificant number of Janus drops. The topology of the latter showed them to emanate from flocculated individual drops of the two oils, but with no discernible effect by the interfacial tension equilibrium on the drop topology. Continued gentle mixing gave increasing fraction of Janus drops of increased size with a topology gradually approaching the one expected from the interfacial equilibrium at the contact line. The spontaneous formation of Janus drops indicated a reduction of the interfacial free energy in the process and the interfacial energy difference between separate and Janus drops was calculated for an appropriate range of interfacial tensions and for all oil fractions. The calculations enabled a distinction of the decrease due to interfacial area changes from the reduction of interfacial tensions per se, with the latter only a minor fraction.}, language = {en} } @article{MuksinHaberlandNukmanetal.2014, author = {Muksin, Umar and Haberland, Christian and Nukman, Mochamad and Bauer, Klaus and Weber, Michael H.}, title = {Detailed fault structure of the Tarutung Pull-Apart Basin in Sumatra, Indonesia, derived from local earthquake data}, series = {Journal of Asian earth sciences}, volume = {96}, journal = {Journal of Asian earth sciences}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {1367-9120}, doi = {10.1016/j.jseaes.2014.09.009}, pages = {123 -- 131}, year = {2014}, abstract = {The Tarutung Basin is located at a right step-over in the northern central segment of the dextral strike-slip Sumatran Fault System (SFS). Details of the fault structure along the Tarutung Basin are derived from the relocations of seismicity as well as from focal mechanism and structural geology. The seismicity distribution derived by a 3D inversion for hypocenter relocation is clustered according to a fault-like seismicity distribution. The seismicity is relocated with a double-difference technique (HYPODD) involving the waveform cross-correlations. We used 46,904 and 3191 arrival differences obtained from catalogue data and cross-correlation analysis, respectively. Focal mechanisms of events were analyzed by applying a grid search method (HASH code). Although there is no significant shift of the hypocenters (10.8 m in average) and centroids (167 m in average), the application of the double difference relocation sharpens the earthquake distribution. The earthquake lineation reflects the fault system, the extensional duplex fault system, and the negative flower structure within the Tarutung Basin. The focal mechanisms of events at the edge of the basin are dominantly of strike-slip type representing the dextral strike-slip Sumatran Fault System. The almost north south striking normal fault events along extensional zones beneath the basin correlate with the maximum principal stress direction which is the direction of the Indo-Australian plate motion. The extensional zones form an en-echelon pattern indicated by the presence of strike-slip faults striking NE SW to NW SE events. The detailed characteristics of the fault system derived from the seismological study are also corroborated by structural geology at the surface. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.}, language = {en} } @article{BraeuerAschHofstetteretal.2014, author = {Braeuer, Benjamin and Asch, G{\"u}nter and Hofstetter, Rami and Haberland, Christian and Jaser, D. and El-Kelani, R. and Weber, Michael H.}, title = {Detailed seismicity analysis revealing the dynamics of the southern Dead Sea area}, series = {Journal of seismology}, volume = {18}, journal = {Journal of seismology}, number = {4}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Dordrecht}, issn = {1383-4649}, doi = {10.1007/s10950-014-9441-4}, pages = {731 -- 748}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Within the framework of the international DESIRE (DEad Sea Integrated REsearch) project, a dense temporary local seismological network was operated in the southern Dead Sea area. During 18 recording months, 648 events were detected. Based on an already published tomography study clustering, focal mechanisms, statistics and the distribution of the microseismicity in relation to the velocity models from the tomography are analysed. The determined b value of 0.74 leads to a relatively high risk of large earthquakes compared to the moderate microseismic activity. The distribution of the seismicity indicates an asymmetric basin with a vertical strike-slip fault forming the eastern boundary of the basin, and an inclined western boundary, made up of strike-slip and normal faults. Furthermore, significant differences between the area north and south of the Bokek fault were observed. South of the Bokek fault, the western boundary is inactive while the entire seismicity occurs on the eastern boundary and below the basin-fill sediments. The largest events occurred here, and their focal mechanisms represent the northwards transform motion of the Arabian plate along the Dead Sea Transform. The vertical extension of the spatial and temporal cluster from February 2007 is interpreted as being related to the locking of the region around the Bokek fault. North of the Bokek fault similar seismic activity occurs on both boundaries most notably within the basin-fill sediments, displaying mainly small events with strike-slip mechanism and normal faulting in EW direction. Therefore, we suggest that the Bokek fault forms the border between the single transform fault and the pull-apart basin with two active border faults.}, language = {en} } @misc{MorgnerLecointreCharbonniereetal.2014, author = {Morgner, Frank and Lecointre, Alexandre and Charbonni{\`e}re, Loic J. and L{\"o}hmannsr{\"o}ben, Hans-Gerd}, title = {Detecting free hemoglobin in blood plasma and serum with luminescent terbium complexes}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-99485}, pages = {6}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Hemolysis, the rupturing of red blood cells, can result from numerous medical conditions (in vivo) or occur after collecting blood specimen or extracting plasma and serum out of whole blood (in vitro). In clinical laboratory practice, hemolysis can be a serious problem due to its potential to bias detection of various analytes or biomarkers. Here we present the first ''mix-and-measure'' method to assess the degree of hemolysis in biosamples using luminescence spectroscopy. Luminescent terbium complexes (LTC) were studied in the presence of free hemoglobin (Hb) as indicators for hemolysis in TRIS-buffer, and in fresh human plasma with absorption, excitation and emission measurements. Our findings indicate dynamic as well as resonance energy transfer (FRET) between the LTC and the porphyrin ligand of hemoglobin. This transfer leads to a decrease in luminescence intensity and decay time even at nanomolar hemoglobin concentrations either in buffer or plasma. Luminescent terbium complexes are very sensitive to free hemoglobin in buffer and blood plasma. Due to the instant change in luminescence properties of the LTC in presence of Hb it is possible to access the concentration of hemoglobin via spectroscopic methods without incubation time or further treatment of the sample thus enabling a rapid and sensitive detection of hemolysis in clinical diagnostics.}, language = {en} } @article{LohmannFalkGeissleretal.2014, author = {Lohmann, Dirk and Falk, Thomas and Geissler, Katja and Blaum, Niels and Jeltsch, Florian}, title = {Determinants of semi-arid rangeland management in a land reform setting in Namibia}, series = {Journal of arid environments}, volume = {100}, journal = {Journal of arid environments}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {London}, issn = {0140-1963}, doi = {10.1016/j.jaridenv.2013.10.005}, pages = {23 -- 30}, year = {2014}, abstract = {To assess the ecological and economic implications of the redistributive land reform in semi-arid Namibia, we investigated to what extent land reform beneficiaries adjust herd size and herd composition according to environmental (rainfall, vegetation) and economic variables (herd size, financial assets, running costs). We performed model-based role-plays with Namibian land reform beneficiaries, simulating 10 years of rangeland management. Our study revealed that the farmers surveyed mainly manage their herds according to their economic situation (herd size and account balance) but do not take environmental variability (rainfall and vegetation) into account. Further, our results indicate that, due to financial pressure, farmers are not able to apply their desired management strategies, and that owners of small farms face a higher risk of economic failure. However, farmers apply rather conservative and constant stocking rates and will thus, given the current economic limitations, likely not contribute to semi-arid savanna degradation. We conclude that land reform beneficiaries need support to be able to apply straightforward and efficient management strategies. This could be achieved by facilitating cooperation between small farming businesses and by supporting initial investment in productive cattle herds at the time of redistribution of the land.}, language = {en} } @article{YamamotoBaldermannYoshikawaetal.2014, author = {Yamamoto, Masayoshi and Baldermann, Susanne and Yoshikawa, Keisuke and Fujita, Akira and Mase, Nobuyuki and Watanabe, Naoharu}, title = {Determination of volatile compounds in four commercial samples of japanese green algae using solid phase microextraction gas chromatography mass spectrometry}, series = {The ScientificWorld journal}, journal = {The ScientificWorld journal}, publisher = {Hindawi Publishing Corp.}, address = {New York}, issn = {1537-744X}, doi = {10.1155/2014/289780}, pages = {8}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Green algae are of great economic importance. Seaweed is consumed fresh or as seasoning in Japan. The commercial value is determined by quality, color, and flavor and is also strongly influenced by the production area. Our research, based on solid phase microextraction gas chromatography mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS), has revealed that volatile compounds differ intensely in the four varieties of commercial green algae. Accordingly, 41 major volatile compounds were identified. Heptadecene was the most abundant compound from Okayama (Ulva prolifera), Tokushima (Ulva prolifera), and Ehime prefecture (Ulva linza). Apocarotenoids, such as ionones, and their derivatives were prominent volatiles in algae from Okayama (Ulva prolifera) and Tokushima prefecture (Ulva prolifera). Volatile, short chained apocarotenoids are among the most potent flavor components and contribute to the flavor of fresh, processed algae, and algae-based products. Benzaldehyde was predominant in seaweed from Shizuoka prefecture (Monostroma nitidum). Multivariant statistical analysis (PCA) enabled simple discrimination of the samples based on their volatile profiles. This work shows the potential of SPME-GC-MS coupled with multivariant analysis to discriminate between samples of different geographical and botanical origins and form the basis for development of authentication methods of green algae products, including seasonings.}, language = {en} } @article{LissnerSullivanReusseretal.2014, author = {Lissner, Tabea Katharina and Sullivan, C. A. and Reusser, D. E. and Kropp, J{\"u}rgen}, title = {Determining regional limits and sectoral constraints for water use}, series = {Hydrology and earth system sciences : HESS}, volume = {18}, journal = {Hydrology and earth system sciences : HESS}, number = {10}, publisher = {Copernicus}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, issn = {1027-5606}, doi = {10.5194/hess-18-4039-2014}, pages = {4039 -- 4052}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Water is an essential input to the majority of human activities. Often, access to sufficient water resources is limited by quality and infrastructure aspects, rather than by resource availability alone, and each activity has different requirements regarding the nature of these aspects. This paper develops an integrated approach to assess the adequacy of water resources for the three major water users: the domestic, agricultural and industrial sectors. Additionally, we include environmental water requirements. We first outline the main determinants of water adequacy for each sector. Subsequently, we present an integrated approach using fuzzy logic, which allows assessing sector-specific as well as overall water adequacy. We implement the approach in two case study settings to exemplify the main features of the approach. Using results from two climate models and two forcing RCPs (representative concentration pathways), as well as population projections, we further assess the impacts of climate change in combination with population growth on the adequacy of water resources. The results provide an important step forward in determining the most relevant factors, impeding adequate access to water, which remains an important challenge in many regions of the world. The methodology allows one to directly identify the factors that are most decisive in determining the adequacy of water in each region, pointing towards the most efficient intervention points to improve conditions. Our findings underline the fact that, in addition to water volumes, water quality is a limitation for all sectors and, especially for the environmental sector, high levels of pollution are a threat to water adequacy.}, language = {en} } @article{MummSchefflerHermanussen2014, author = {Mumm, Rebekka and Scheffler, Christiane and Hermanussen, Michael}, title = {Developing differential height, weight and body mass index references for girls that reflect the impact of the menarche}, series = {Acta paediatrica : nurturing the child}, volume = {103}, journal = {Acta paediatrica : nurturing the child}, number = {7}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {0803-5253}, doi = {10.1111/apa.12625}, pages = {e312 -- e316}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Aim Growth is both a matter of amplitude and tempo. We aimed to develop references for body height, body weight and body mass index (BMI) with respect to tempo of maturity. Methods Data obtained from the German KiGGS study (2003-2006) on body height, body weight and presence or absence of the menarche were re-analysed in 3776 girls, aged 10-17years. We developed smoothed centiles for BMI-, body-height- and body-weight-for-age using the LMS method for premenarcheal and postmenarcheal girls. Results Body height, body weight and BMI differed significantly between premenarcheal and postmenarcheal girls. On average, postmenarcheal girls aged 11-17years were 5.3cm taller and 9.7kg heavier, and their BMI was 2.9kg/m2 higher than in premenarcheal girls of the same calendar age. Conclusion Adolescent BMI rises with calendar age and biological age. New reference charts for adolescent girls aged 10-18years were generated to be inserted into the currently used references to avoid misclassifying underweight and overweight pubertal girls.}, language = {en} } @article{ChaykovskaZientaraReseretal.2014, author = {Chaykovska, Lyubov and Zientara, Alicja and Reser, Diana and Weise, Alexander and Reichert, Wolfgang and Hocher, Berthold}, title = {Development and validation of a macroarray system - MutaCHIP (R) ARTERO - for the detection of genetic variants involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis}, series = {Clinical laboratory : the peer reviewed journal for clinical laboratories and laboratories related to blood transfusion}, volume = {60}, journal = {Clinical laboratory : the peer reviewed journal for clinical laboratories and laboratories related to blood transfusion}, number = {5}, publisher = {Clin Lab Publ., Verl. Klinisches Labor}, address = {Heidelberg}, issn = {1433-6510}, doi = {10.7754/Clin.Lab.2014.140104}, pages = {873 -- 878}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in developed countries. The underlying mechanism is often atherosclerotic remodeling of blood vessels in organs such as heart, kidney, brain, and large arteries in case of peripheral arterial disease. Beside environmental and behavioral factors such as smoking or lack of physical activity, genetic variants in genes involved in lipid metabolism, blood pressure regulation, oxidative stress, and coagulation play a prominent role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Methods: Thus, we developed and validated for clinical use and research a macroarray system for the simultaneous detection of key genetic variants in genes involved in lipid metabolism, blood pressure regulation, oxidative stress, and coagulation. Results: When compared with standard PCR technologies to determine all these genetic variants in parallel, the macroarray system (MutaCHIP (R) ARTERO) was as accurate but faster, cheaper, and easier to handle compared to classical real time PCR based technologies. Conclusions: MutaCHIP (R) ARTERO is a gene chip for diagnostics of a complex genetic panel involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. This method is as sensitive and precise as real time PCR and is able to replicate real time PCR data previously validated in evaluation studies.}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Emadpour2014, author = {Emadpour, Masoumeh}, title = {Development of tools for inducible gene expression in choroplasts}, pages = {viii}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @article{BeckerNeumannTetzneretal.2014, author = {Becker, Michael and Neumann, Marko and Tetzner, Julia and B{\"o}se, Susanne and Knoppick, Henrike and Maaz, Kai and Baumert, J{\"u}rgen and Lehmann, Rainer}, title = {Development? Effects of the transition into academically selective schools}, series = {The journal of educational psychology}, volume = {106}, journal = {The journal of educational psychology}, number = {2}, publisher = {American Psychological Association}, address = {Washington}, issn = {0022-0663}, doi = {10.1037/a0035425}, pages = {555 -- 568}, year = {2014}, abstract = {The present study investigates school context effects on psychosocial characteristics (academic self-concept, peer relations, school satisfaction, and school anxiety) of high-achieving and gifted students. Students who did or did not make an early transition from elementary to secondary schools for high-achieving and gifted students in 5th grade in Berlin, Germany, are compared in their psychosocial development. The sample comprises 155 early-entry students who moved to an academically selective secondary school (Gymnasium) and 3,169 regular students who remained in elementary school until the end of 6th grade. Overall, a complex pattern of psychosocial development emerged for all students, with both positive and negative outcomes being observed. Specifically, the transition into academically selective learning environments seemed to come at some cost for psychosocial development. Propensity score matching analysis isolating the effects of selective school intake and the school context effect itself revealed negative contextual effects of early transition to Gymnasium on academic self-concept and school anxiety; additionally, the positive trend in peer relations observed among regular students was not discernible among early-entry students.}, language = {en} } @article{ScheinerTotevaReimetal.2014, author = {Scheiner, Ricarda and Toteva, Anna and Reim, Tina and Sovik, Eirik and Barron, Andrew B.}, title = {Differences in the phototaxis of pollen and nectar foraging honey bees are related to their octopamine brain titers}, series = {Frontiers in physiology}, volume = {5}, journal = {Frontiers in physiology}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1664-042X}, doi = {10.3389/fphys.2014.00116}, pages = {8}, year = {2014}, abstract = {The biogenic amine octopamine is an important neuromodulator, neurohormone and neurotransmitter in insects. We here investigate the role of octopamine signaling in honey bee phototaxis. Our results show that groups of bees differ naturally in their phototaxis. Pollen forgers display a lower light responsiveness than nectar foragers. The lower phototaxis of pollen foragers coincides with higher octopamine titers in the optic lobes but is independent of octopamine receptor gene expression. Increasing octopamine brain titers reduces responsiveness to light, while tyramine application enhances phototaxis. These findings suggest an involvement of octopamine signaling in honey bee phototaxis and possibly division of labor, which is hypothesized to be based on individual differences in sensory responsiveness.}, language = {en} } @article{KrauseLindemannTonietal.2014, author = {Krause, Florian and Lindemann, Oliver and Toni, Ivan and Bekkering, Harold}, title = {Different brains process Numbers differently: Structural bases of individual differences in spatial and nonspatial number representations}, series = {Journal of cognitive neuroscience}, volume = {26}, journal = {Journal of cognitive neuroscience}, number = {4}, publisher = {MIT Press}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {0898-929X}, doi = {10.1162/jocn_a_00518}, pages = {768 -- 776}, year = {2014}, abstract = {A dominant hypothesis on how the brain processes numerical size proposes a spatial representation of numbers as positions on a "mental number line." An alternative hypothesis considers numbers as elements of a generalized representation of sensorimotor-related magnitude, which is not obligatorily spatial. Here we show that individuals' relative use of spatial and nonspatial representations has a cerebral counterpart in the structural organization of the posterior parietal cortex. Interindividual variability in the linkage between numbers and spatial responses (faster left responses to small numbers and right responses to large numbers; spatial-numerical association of response codes effect) correlated with variations in gray matter volume around the right precuneus. Conversely, differences in the disposition to link numbers to force production (faster soft responses to small numbers and hard responses to large numbers) were related to gray matter volume in the left angular gyrus. This finding suggests that numerical cognition relies on multiple mental representations of analogue magnitude using different neural implementations that are linked to individual traits.}, language = {en} } @article{FritzschWangdosSantosetal.2014, author = {Fritzsch, Claire and Wang, Jing and dos Santos, Luara Ferreira and Mauritz, Karl-Heinz and Brunetti, Maddalena and Dohle, Christian}, title = {Different effects of the mirror illusion on motor and somatosensory processing}, series = {Restorative neurology and neuroscience}, volume = {32}, journal = {Restorative neurology and neuroscience}, number = {2}, publisher = {IOS Press}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0922-6028}, doi = {10.3233/RNN-130343}, pages = {269 -- 280}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Purpose: Mirror therapy can improve motor and sensory functions, but effects of the mirror illusion on primary motor and somatosensory cortex could not be established consistently. Methods: Fifteen right handed healthy volunteers performed or observed a finger-thumb opposition task. Cerebral activations during normal movement (NOR), mirrored movement (MIR) and movement observation (OBS) by means of a video chain were recorded with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Activation sizes in movement > static conditions were identified using SPM8 (p < 0.001, unc.) and attributed to predefined areas employing the Anatomy toolbox 1.8. Laterality indices for the responsive areas were calculated on the basis of the number of activated voxels. Results: Relevant bilateral BOLD responses were found in primary motor (M1) and somatosensory (S1 - BA 2, 3b and 3a) cortex, premotor and parietal areas and V5. When comparing MIR to NOR, no significant change of contralateral activation in M1 was found, but clearly at S1 with differences between hands. Conclusion: The mirror illusion does not elicit immediate changes in motor areas, yet there is a direct effect on somatosensory areas, especially for left hand movements. These results suggest different effects of mirror therapy on processing and rehabilitation of motor and sensory function.}, language = {en} } @article{BaerBecker2014, author = {B{\"a}r, Christian and Becker, Christian}, title = {Differential characters and geometric chains}, series = {Lecture notes in mathematics : a collection of informal reports and seminars}, volume = {2112}, journal = {Lecture notes in mathematics : a collection of informal reports and seminars}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-319-07034-6; 978-3-319-07033-9}, issn = {0075-8434}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-07034-6_1}, pages = {1 -- 90}, year = {2014}, abstract = {We study Cheeger-Simons differential characters and provide geometric descriptions of the ring structure and of the fiber integration map. The uniqueness of differential cohomology (up to unique natural transformation) is proved by deriving an explicit formula for any natural transformation between a differential cohomology theory and the model given by differential characters. Fiber integration for fibers with boundary is treated in the context of relative differential characters. As applications we treat higher-dimensional holonomy, parallel transport, and transgression.}, language = {en} } @article{MayerUciechowskiMeyeretal.2014, author = {Mayer, Lena S. and Uciechowski, Peter and Meyer, S{\"o}ren and Schwerdtle, Tanja and Rink, Lothar and Haase, Hajo}, title = {Differential impact of zinc deficiency on phagocytosis, oxidative burst, and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by human monocytes}, series = {Metallomics : integrated biometal science}, volume = {6}, journal = {Metallomics : integrated biometal science}, number = {7}, publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {1756-5901}, doi = {10.1039/c4mt00051j}, pages = {1288 -- 1295}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @misc{MayerUciechowskiMeyeretal.2014, author = {Mayer, Lena S. and Uciechowski, Peter and Meyer, S{\"o}ren and Schwerdtle, Tanja and Rink, Lothar and Haase, Hajo}, title = {Differential impact of zinc deficiency on phagocytosis, oxidative burst, and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by human monocytes}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-99405}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Zinc deficiency has a fundamental influence on the immune defense, with multiple effects on different immune cells, resulting in a major impairment of human health. Monocytes and macrophages are among the immune cells that are most fundamentally affected by zinc, but the impact of zinc on these cells is still far from being completely understood. Therefore, this study investigates the influence of zinc deficiency on monocytes of healthy human donors. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells, which include monocytes, were cultured under zinc deficient conditions for 3 days. This was achieved by two different methods: by application of the membrane permeable chelator N,N,N0´,N0´-tetrakis-(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine (TPEN) or by removal of zinc from the culture medium using a CHELEX 100 resin. Subsequently, monocyte functions were analyzed in response to Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Zinc depletion had differential effects. On the one hand, elimination of bacterial pathogens by phagocytosis and oxidative burst was elevated. On the other hand, the production of the inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a and interleukin (IL)-6 was reduced. This suggests that monocytes shift from intercellular communication to basic innate defensive functions in response to zinc deficiency. These results were obtained regardless of the method by which zinc deficiency was achieved. However, CHELEX-treated medium strongly augmented cytokine production, independently from its capability for zinc removal. This side-effect severely limits the use of CHELEX for investigating the effects of zinc deficiency on innate immunity.}, language = {en} } @article{BagderinaTarkhanov2014, author = {Bagderina, Yulia Yu. and Tarkhanov, Nikolai Nikolaevich}, title = {Differential invariants of a class of Lagrangian systems with two degrees of freedom}, series = {Journal of mathematical analysis and applications}, volume = {410}, journal = {Journal of mathematical analysis and applications}, number = {2}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {San Diego}, issn = {0022-247X}, doi = {10.1016/j.jmaa.2013.08.015}, pages = {733 -- 749}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @article{GossnerPasalicLangeetal.2014, author = {Gossner, Martin M. and Pasalic, Esther and Lange, Markus and Lange, Patricia and Boch, Steffen and Hessenm{\"o}ller, Dominik and M{\"u}ller, J{\"o}rg and Socher, Stephanie A. and Fischer, Markus and Schulze, Ernst-Detlef and Weisser, Wolfgang W.}, title = {Differential responses of herbivores and herbivory to management in temperate Eeuropean beech}, series = {PLoS one}, volume = {9}, journal = {PLoS one}, number = {8}, publisher = {PLoS}, address = {San Fransisco}, issn = {1932-6203}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0104876}, pages = {16}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Forest management not only affects biodiversity but also might alter ecosystem processes mediated by the organisms, i.e. herbivory the removal of plant biomass by plant-eating insects and other arthropod groups. Aiming at revealing general relationships between forest management and herbivory we investigated aboveground arthropod herbivory in 105 plots dominated by European beech in three different regions in Germany in the sun-exposed canopy of mature beech trees and on beech saplings in the understorey. We separately assessed damage by different guilds of herbivores, i.e. chewing, sucking and scraping herbivores, gall-forming insects and mites, and leaf-mining insects. We asked whether herbivory differs among different forest management regimes (unmanaged, uneven-aged managed, even-aged managed) and among age-classes within even-aged forests. We further tested for consistency of relationships between regions, strata and herbivore guilds. On average, almost 80\% of beech leaves showed herbivory damage, and about 6\% of leaf area was consumed. Chewing damage was most common, whereas leaf sucking and scraping damage were very rare. Damage was generally greater in the canopy than in the understorey, in particular for chewing and scraping damage, and the occurrence of mines. There was little difference in herbivory among differently managed forests and the effects of management on damage differed among regions, strata and damage types. Covariates such as wood volume, tree density and plant diversity weakly influenced herbivory, and effects differed between herbivory types. We conclude that despite of the relatively low number of species attacking beech; arthropod herbivory on beech is generally high. We further conclude that responses of herbivory to forest management are multifaceted and environmental factors such as forest structure variables affecting in particular microclimatic conditions are more likely to explain the variability in herbivory among beech forest plots.}, language = {en} } @article{FernandezLaubrockMandolesietal.2014, author = {Fernandez, Gerardo and Laubrock, Jochen and Mandolesi, Pablo and Colombo, Oscar and Agamennoni, Osvaldo}, title = {Difficulties in predicting upcoming words}, series = {Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology}, volume = {36}, journal = {Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology}, number = {3}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Philadelphia}, issn = {1380-3395}, doi = {10.1080/13803395.2014.892060}, pages = {302 -- 316}, year = {2014}, language = {en} } @article{AbramowskiAharonianBenkhalietal.2014, author = {Abramowski, Attila and Aharonian, Felix A. and Benkhali, Faical Ait and Akhperjanian, A. G. and Ang{\"u}ner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan and Backes, Michael and Balenderan, Shangkari and Balzer, Arnim and Barnacka, Anna and Becherini, Yvonne and Tjus, J. Becker and Berge, David and Bernhard, Sabrina and Bernl{\"o}hr, K. and Birsin, E. and Biteau, Jonathan and Boettcher, Markus and Boisson, Catherine and Bolmont, J. and Bordas, Pol and Bregeon, Johan and Brun, Francois and Brun, Pierre and Bryan, Mark and Bulik, Tomasz and Carrigan, Svenja and Casanova, Sabrina and Chadwick, Paula M. and Chakraborty, N. and Chalme-Calvet, R. and Chaves, Ryan C. G. and Chretien, M. and Colafrancesco, Sergio and Cologna, Gabriele and Conrad, Jan and Couturier, C. and Cui, Y. and Davids, I. D. and Degrange, B. and Deil, C. and dewilt, P. and Djannati-Ata{\"i}, A. and Domainko, W. and Donath, A. and Dubus, G. and Dutson, K. and Dyks, J. and Dyrda, M. and Edwards, T. and Egberts, Kathrin and Eger, P. and Espigat, P. and Farnier, C. and Fegan, S. and Feinstein, F. and Fernandes, M. V. and Fernandez, D. and Fiasson, A. and Fontaine, G. and Foerster, A. and Fuessling, M. and Gabici, S. and Gajdus, M. and Gallant, Y. A. and Garrigoux, T. and Giavitto, G. and Giebels, B. and Glicenstein, J. F. and Gottschall, D. and Grondin, M. -H. and Grudzinska, M. and Hadasch, D. and Haeffner, S. and Hahn, J. and Harris, J. and Heinzelmann, G. and Henri, G. and Hermann, G. and Hervet, O. and Hillert, A. and Hinton, James Anthony and Hofmann, W. and Hofverberg, P. and Holler, M. and Horns, D. and Ivascenko, A. and Jacholkowska, A. and Jahn, C. and Jamrozy, Marek and Janiak, M. and Jankowsky, F. and Jung-Richardt, I. and Kastendieck, M. A. and Katarzynski, Krzysztof and Katz, Uli and Kaufmann, S. and Khelifi, B. and Kieffer, M. and Klepser, S. and Klochkov, D. and Kluzniak, W. and Kolitzus, D. and Komin, Nu. and Kosack, K. and Krakau, S. and Krayzel, F. and Krueger, P. P. and Laffon, H. and Lamanna, G. and Lefaucheur, J. and Lefranc, V. and Lemiere, A. and Lemoine-Goumard, M. and Lenain, J. -P. and Lohse, T. and Lopatin, A. and Lu, C. -C. and Marandon, V. and Marcowith, Alexandre and Marx, R. and Maurin, G. and Maxted, N. and Mayer, M. and McComb, T. J. L. and Mehault, J. and Meintjes, P. J. and Menzler, U. and Meyer, M. and Mitchell, A. M. W. and Moderski, R. and Mohamed, M. and Mora, K. and Moulin, Emmanuel and Murach, T. and de Naurois, M. and Niemiec, J. and Nolan, S. J. and Oakes, L. and Odaka, H. and Ohm, S. and Opitz, B. and Ostrowski, M. and Oya, I. and Panter, M. and Parsons, R. D. and Arribas, M. Paz and Pekeur, N. W. and Pelletier, G. and Petrucci, P. -O. and Peyaud, B. and Pita, S. and Poon, H. and Puehlhofer, G. and Punch, Michael and Quirrenbach, A. and Raab, S. and Reichardt, I. and Reimer, A. and Reimer, Olaf and Renaud, M. and de los Reyes, R. and Rieger, F. and Romoli, C. and Rosier-Lees, S. and Rowell, G. and Rudak, B. and Rulten, C. B. and Sahakian, V. and Salek, D. and Sanchez, David M. and Santangelo, Andrea and Schlickeiser, R. and Schuessler, Fabian and Schulz, A. and Schwanke, U. and Schwarzburg, S. and Schwemmer, S. and Sol, H. and Spanier, F. and Spengler, G. and Spies, F. and Stawarz, L. and Steenkamp, R. and Stegmann, Christian and Stinzing, F. and Stycz, K. and Sushch, Iurii and Tavernet, J. -P. and Tavernier, T. and Taylor, A. M. and Terrier, R. and Tluczykont, M. and Trichard, C. and Valerius, K. and van Eldik, Christopher and van Soelen, B. and Vasileiadis, G. and Veh, J. and Venter, C. and Viana, A. and Vincent, P. and Vink, J. and Voelk, H. J. and Volpe, F. and Vorster, M. and Vuillaume, T. and Wagner, S. J. and Wagner, P. and Wagner, R. M. and Ward, M. and Weidinger, M. and Weitzel, Q. and White, R. and Wierzcholska, A. and Willmann, P. and Woernlein, A. and Wouters, D. and Yang, R. and Zabalza, V. and Zaborov, D. and Zacharias, M. and Zdziarski, A. A. and Zech, Alraune and Zechlin, H. -S. and Fukui, Y.}, title = {Diffuse Galactic gamma-ray emission with HESS}, series = {Physical review : D, Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology}, volume = {90}, journal = {Physical review : D, Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology}, number = {12}, publisher = {American Physical Society}, address = {College Park}, organization = {HESS Collaboration}, issn = {1550-7998}, doi = {10.1103/PhysRevD.90.122007}, pages = {8}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Diffuse gamma-ray emission is the most prominent observable signature of celestial cosmic-ray interactions at high energies. While already being investigated at GeVenergies over several decades, assessments of diffuse gamma-ray emission at TeVenergies remain sparse. After completion of the systematic survey of the inner Galaxy, the H.E.S.S. experiment is in a prime position to observe large-scale diffuse emission at TeVenergies. Data of the H.E.S.S. Galactic Plane Survey are investigated in regions off known gamma-ray sources. Corresponding gamma-ray flux measurements were made over an extensive grid of celestial locations. Longitudinal and latitudinal profiles of the observed gamma-ray fluxes show characteristic excess emission not attributable to known gamma-ray sources. For the first time large-scale gamma-ray emission along the Galactic plane using imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes has been observed. While the background subtraction technique limits the ability to recover modest variation on the scale of the H.E.S.S. field of view or larger, which is characteristic of the inverse Compton scatter-induced Galactic diffuse emission, contributions of neutral pion decay as well as emission from unresolved gamma-ray sources can be recovered in the observed signal to a large fraction. Calculations show that the minimum gamma-ray emission from pi(0) decay represents a significant contribution to the total signal. This detection is interpreted as a mix of diffuse Galactic gamma-ray emission and unresolved sources.}, language = {en} } @article{BauerGodecMetzler2014, author = {Bauer, Maximilian and Godec, Aljaz and Metzler, Ralf}, title = {Diffusion of finite-size particles in two-dimensional channels with random wall configurations}, series = {Physical chemistry, chemical physics : a journal of European Chemical Societies}, volume = {16}, journal = {Physical chemistry, chemical physics : a journal of European Chemical Societies}, number = {13}, publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {1463-9076}, doi = {10.1039/c3cp55160a}, pages = {6118 -- 6128}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Diffusion of chemicals or tracer molecules through complex systems containing irregularly shaped channels is important in many applications. Most theoretical studies based on the famed Fick-Jacobs equation focus on the idealised case of infinitely small particles and reflecting boundaries. In this study we use numerical simulations to consider the transport of finite-size particles through asymmetrical two-dimensional channels. Additionally, we examine transient binding of the molecules to the channel walls by applying sticky boundary conditions. We consider an ensemble of particles diffusing in independent channels, which are characterised by common structural parameters. We compare our results for the long-time effective diffusion coefficient with a recent theoretical formula obtained by Dagdug and Pineda}, language = {en} } @article{BauerGodecMetzler2014, author = {Bauer, Maximilian and Godec, Aljaž and Metzler, Ralf}, title = {Diffusion of finite-size particles in two-dimensional channels with random wall configurations}, series = {Physical chemistry, chemical physics : PCCP ; a journal of European chemical societies}, volume = {16}, journal = {Physical chemistry, chemical physics : PCCP ; a journal of European chemical societies}, number = {13}, publisher = {RSC Publications}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {1463-9084}, doi = {10.1039/C3CP55160A}, pages = {6118 -- 6128}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Diffusion of chemicals or tracer molecules through complex systems containing irregularly shaped channels is important in many applications. Most theoretical studies based on the famed Fick-Jacobs equation focus on the idealised case of infinitely small particles and reflecting boundaries. In this study we use numerical simulations to consider the transport of finite-size particles through asymmetrical two-dimensional channels. Additionally, we examine transient binding of the molecules to the channel walls by applying sticky boundary conditions. We consider an ensemble of particles diffusing in independent channels, which are characterised by common structural parameters. We compare our results for the long-time effective diffusion coefficient with a recent theoretical formula obtained by Dagdug and Pineda [J. Chem. Phys., 2012, 137, 024107].}, language = {en} } @misc{BauerGodecMetzler2014, author = {Bauer, Maximilian and Godec, Aljaž and Metzler, Ralf}, title = {Diffusion of finite-size particles in two-dimensional channels with random wall configurations}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-76199}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Diffusion of chemicals or tracer molecules through complex systems containing irregularly shaped channels is important in many applications. Most theoretical studies based on the famed Fick-Jacobs equation focus on the idealised case of infinitely small particles and reflecting boundaries. In this study we use numerical simulations to consider the transport of finite-size particles through asymmetrical two-dimensional channels. Additionally, we examine transient binding of the molecules to the channel walls by applying sticky boundary conditions. We consider an ensemble of particles diffusing in independent channels, which are characterised by common structural parameters. We compare our results for the long-time effective diffusion coefficient with a recent theoretical formula obtained by Dagdug and Pineda [J. Chem. Phys., 2012, 137, 024107].}, language = {en} } @misc{HaegeleSchlagenhaufRappetal.2014, author = {H{\"a}gele, Claudia and Schlagenhauf, Florian and Rapp, Michael A. and Sterzer, Philipp and Beck, Anne and Bermpohl, Felix and Stoy, Meline and Str{\"o}hle, Andreas and Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich and Dolan, Raymond J. and Heinz, Andreas}, title = {Dimensional psychiatry}, series = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, journal = {Postprints der Universit{\"a}t Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe}, number = {653}, issn = {1866-8364}, doi = {10.25932/publishup-43106}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-431064}, pages = {331 -- 341}, year = {2014}, abstract = {A dimensional approach in psychiatry aims to identify core mechanisms of mental disorders across nosological boundaries. We compared anticipation of reward between major psychiatric disorders, and investigated whether reward anticipation is impaired in several mental disorders and whether there is a common psychopathological correlate (negative mood) of such an impairment. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and a monetary incentive delay (MID) task to study the functional correlates of reward anticipation across major psychiatric disorders in 184 subjects, with the diagnoses of alcohol dependence (n = 26), schizophrenia (n = 44), major depressive disorder (MDD, n = 24), bipolar disorder (acute manic episode, n = 13), attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD, n = 23), and healthy controls (n = 54). Subjects' individual Beck Depression Inventory-and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-scores were correlated with clusters showing significant activation during reward anticipation. During reward anticipation, we observed significant group differences in ventral striatal (VS) activation: patients with schizophrenia, alcohol dependence, and major depression showed significantly less ventral striatal activation compared to healthy controls. Depressive symptoms correlated with dysfunction in reward anticipation regardless of diagnostic entity. There was no significant correlation between anxiety symptoms and VS functional activation. Our findings demonstrate a neurobiological dysfunction related to reward prediction that transcended disorder categories and was related to measures of depressed mood. The findings underline the potential of a dimensional approach in psychiatry and strengthen the hypothesis that neurobiological research in psychiatric disorders can be targeted at core mechanisms that are likely to be implicated in a range of clinical entities.}, language = {en} }