@techreport{ŠedovaČizmaziovaCook2021,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Šedov{\´a}, Barbora and Čizmaziov{\´a}, Lucia and Cook, Athene},
  title     = {A meta-analysis of climate migration literature},
  series = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  journal   = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  number    = {29},
  issn      = {2628-653X},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-49982},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-499827},
  pages     = {83},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The large literature that aims to find evidence of climate migration delivers mixed findings. This meta-regression analysis i) summarizes direct links between adverse climatic events and migration, ii) maps patterns of climate migration, and iii) explains the variation in outcomes. Using a set of limited dependent variable models, we meta-analyze thus-far the most comprehensive sample of 3,625 estimates from 116 original studies and produce novel insights on climate migration. We find that extremely high temperatures and drying conditions increase migration. We do not find a significant effect of sudden-onset events. Climate migration is most likely to emerge due to contemporaneous events, to originate in rural areas and to take place in middle-income countries, internally, to cities. The likelihood to become trapped in affected areas is higher for women and in low-income countries, particularly in Africa. We uniquely quantify how pitfalls typical for the broader empirical climate impact literature affect climate migration findings. We also find evidence of different publication biases.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{ZimmermannBoos2018,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Zimmermann, Andreas and Boos, Felix},
  title     = {Bringing States to Justice for Crimes against Humanity},
  series = {KFG Working Paper Series},
  journal   = {KFG Working Paper Series},
  number    = {12},
  issn      = {2509-3770},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42203},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-422035},
  pages     = {24},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Draft Art. 15 CCAH attempts to strike a balance between State autonomy and robust judicial supervision. It largely follows Article 22 CERD conditioning the jurisdiction of the ICJ on prior negotiations. Hence, the substance of the clause is interpreted in light of the Court's recent case law, especially Georgia v. Russia. Besides, several issues regarding the scope ratione temporis of the compromissory clause are discussed. The article advances several proposals to further improve the current draft, addressing the missing explicit reference to State responsibility, as well as the relationship between the Court and a possible treaty body, It also proposes to recalibrate the interplay of a requirement of prior negotiations respectively the seizing of a future treaty body on the one hand and provisional measures to be indicated by the Court on the other.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Ziemann2022,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Ziemann, Niklas},
  title     = {You will receive your money next week!},
  series = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  journal   = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  number    = {56},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {2628-653X},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-56398},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-563983},
  pages     = {24},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Against the background of the increasingly discussed "Linguistic Saving Hypothesis" (Chen, 2013), I studied whether the targeted use of a present tense (close tense) and a future tense (distant tense) within the same language have an impact on intertemporal decision-making. In a monetarily incentivized laboratory experiment in Germany, I implemented two different treatments on intertemporal choices. The treatments differed in the tense in which I referred to future rewards. My results show that individuals prefer to a greater extent rewards which are associated with a present tense (close tense). This result is in line with my prediction and the first empirical support for the Linguistic Saving Hypothesis within one language. However, this result holds exclusively for males. Females seem to be unaffected by the linguistic manipulation. I discuss my findings in the context of "gender-as-culture" as well as their potential policy-implications.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Zenker2011,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Zenker, Juliane},
  title     = {Staatsverschuldung in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland},
  series = {Finanzwissenschaftliche Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge},
  journal   = {Finanzwissenschaftliche Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge},
  number    = {64},
  issn      = {0948-7549},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-55933},
  pages     = {77},
  year      = {2011},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Wonke2006,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Wonke, Christoph},
  title     = {Das transaktionale Marktversagen als volkswirtschaftliche Begr{\"u}ndung f{\"u}r das kommunalwirtschaftliche System der Hausm{\"u}llentsorgung in Deutschland},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-14476},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {Inhalt 1 Einleitung 2 Eine skizzenhafte Darstellung des deutschen Systemsder Hausm{\"u}llentsorgung 3 Zum Begriffsverst{\"a}ndnis des Markt- und Wettbewerbsversagens 4 Transaktionales Marktversagen als Begr{\"u}ndung f{\"u}r dasdeutsche System der Hausm{\"u}llentsorgung 4.1 Zur Theorie des transaktionalen Marktversagens 4.1.1 Definition und Formen des transaktionalen Marktversagens 4.1.2 Zu den zentralen Begriffen „Transaktion" und „Transaktionskosten" 4.2 Die Ermittelbarkeit der Transaktionskosten 4.3 Tendenzaussagen zur H{\"o}he der Transaktionskosten mit Hilfe transaktionskostendeterminierenderFaktoren - Theorie und Anwendung 4.3.1 Spezifit{\"a}t 4.3.2 Messbarkeit 4.3.3 Unsicherheit 4.3.4 Transaktionsh{\"a}ufigkeit 4.3.5 Transaktionsatmosph{\"a}re 4.4 Marktpreis und Produktionskosten 4.5 Zum Nutzen der Abfallentsorgung f{\"u}r den privaten Haushalt 4.6 Das Verwaltungsmonopol als alternative, transaktionskostensenkende,nicht-marktliche L{\"o}sung 4.7 Transaktionales Marktversagen als Legitimationsgrundlage f{\"u}r einestaatliche Vorgabe des Koordinationsmechanismus 5 Fazit},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Wonke2007,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Wonke, Christoph},
  title     = {Wettbewerbsversagen in nat{\"u}rlichen Monopolen als volkswirtschaftliche Rechtfertigung f{\"u}r das kommunalwirtschaftliche System der Hausm{\"u}llentsorgung in Deutschland},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-51110},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {Inhalt: 1 Einleitung 2 Eine skizzenhafte Darstellung des deutschen Systems der Hausm{\"u}llentsorgung 3 Theoretische Grundlagen der Untersuchung 4 Das nat{\"u}rliche Monopol als Rechtfertigung f{\"u}r das deutsche System der Hausm{\"u}llentsorgung? Ein Kl{\"a}rungsversuch 5 Fazit},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Westerhoff2002,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Westerhoff, Horst-Dieter},
  title     = {Die Zukunft der Argrarpolitik angesichts der EU-Erweiterung},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-53123},
  year      = {2002},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Westerhoff2007,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Westerhoff, Horst-Dieter},
  title     = {Die amtliche Statistik in der demokratische Gesellschaft},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-16180},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {Inhalt: Die Statistik als Spiegel der Gesellschaft - Statistik als „Weg in die Realit{\"a}t" - Statistik als Spiegel des politischen Systems Grundelemente der demokratischen Ordnung Statistik und Gewaltenteilung - Das Legalit{\"a}tsprinzip - Die vertikale Gewaltenteilung - Die Internationalisierung der Statistik - Exkurs: Statistik in einem monistischen System Statistik und konkurrierende Willensbildung - Mittel zur Konsensbildung - Die „informationelle Infrastruktur" - Voraussetzungen der Infrastruktur - Statistik in der politischen Diskussion Statistik und partielle politische Integration - Grenzen der amtlichen Statistik - Statistik im staatsfreien Raum - Die Privatisierung der Statistik - Das Volksz{\"a}hlungsurteil},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Weiss2016,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Weiß, Norman},
  title     = {Frauen, Frieden und Sicherheit - was hat Resolution 1325 gebracht?},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {2509-6974},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-92932},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Nowadays, the issues women and peace are connected strongly on the level of UN's security policy as a consequence of resolution 1325 (2000). Which are the legal and factual impli-cations of this development both for the UN and for the Member States? Does their implementation meet the expectations? The study outlines the structure of today's WPS-agenda and discusses how the UN deals with it. Germany's activities to implement her obligations are also discussed.},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Weiss2017,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Weiß, Norman},
  title     = {Wie soll Europas Zukunft aussehen?},
  series = {Staat, Recht und Politik - Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere},
  journal   = {Staat, Recht und Politik - Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere},
  number    = {2},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {2509-6974},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-104324},
  pages     = {11},
  year      = {2017},
  abstract  = {At sixty, the European Union once again faces trouble and is in crisis. There is an ongoing discussion on reforming the Union and its future in a changing world. As of 1st March 2017, President Juncker presented the Commission's "White Paper Paper on the Future of Europe" outlining perspectives and inviting to discuss EU's future. This paper aims at contributing to this discussion.},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Wagner1999,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Wagner, Wolfgang},
  title     = {Vergleich von ringf{\"o}rmiger und sektoraler Stadtstruktur bei Nachbarschaftsexternalit{\"a}ten im monozentrischen System},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-13622},
  year      = {1999},
  abstract  = {In der Stadt{\"o}konomie ergeben sich die Formen der sektoralen und der ringf{\"o}rmigen Stadtstruktur als m{\"o}gliche Ergebnisse der Segregation von demographisch verschiedenen Haushalten mit Nachbarschaftsexternalit{\"a}ten. Rose-Ackerman [1973] postuliert, dass die Ringstruktur die Folge der Minimierung der Grenzl{\"a}nge zwischen schwarzen und weißen Haushalten sei. Diese Annahme wird in der New-Urban-Economics-Literatur recht h{\"a}ufig {\"u}bernommen. In diesem Beitrag wird auf der Grundlage eines Alonso-Mills-Muth-Modells gezeigt, dass Rose-Ackermans Hypothese nur in Situationen zul{\"a}ssig ist, in denen eine Gruppe deutlich in der Minderheit ist. In der Mehrheit der m{\"o}glichen Verh{\"a}ltnisse der Gruppengr{\"o}ßen ist eine sektorale Stadtstruktur vorteilhaft. Werden anstelle der Grenzl{\"a}ngen die an der Grenze anfallenden negativen Externalit{\"a}ten verglichen, nimmt der Bereich der Gruppengr{\"o}ßenverh{\"a}ltnisse, in denen die Sektorstruktur vorteilhaft ist, noch zu.},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Wagner2004,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Wagner, Wolfgang},
  title     = {A simulation of segregation in cities and its application for the analysis of rent control},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-14177},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Social segregation in cities takes place where different household groups exist and when, according to Schelling, their location choice either minimizes the number of differing households in their neighborhood or maximizes their own group. In this contribution an evolutionary simulation based on a monocentric city model with externalities among households is used to discuss the spatial segregation patterns of four groups. The resulting complex spatial patterns can be shown as graphic animations. They can be applied as initial situation for the analysis of the effects a rent control has on segregation.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Wagner2000,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Wagner, Wolfgang},
  title     = {Migration in Großst{\"a}dten},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-13690},
  year      = {2000},
  abstract  = {In der Literatur zur Migration wird h{\"a}ufig die Bedeutung von Migrationsnetzwerken hervorgehoben. Diese erleichtern den Migranten nicht nur die Wanderung selbst, sondern beeinflussen auch ihre Ansiedlung im Aufnahmegebiet. In diesem Beitrag wird die Bedeutung und Wirkung solcher Migrationsnetzwerke f{\"u}r die aktuellen Stadtstrukturen von Großst{\"a}dten der westeurop{\"a}ischen Staaten am Beispiel Deutschlands untersucht. Sie beg{\"u}nstigen Segregationserscheinungen in den Einwanderungsst{\"a}dten, die sich bislang vor allem auf Innenstadtgebiete konzentrierten. In dieser Arbeit werden basierend auf einem mikro{\"o}konischen Modell der Stadt Aussagen {\"u}ber die Ver{\"a}nderung r{\"a}umlicher Siedlungsmuster in den Einwanderungsst{\"a}dten dargestellt. Dabei erf{\"a}hrt die empirische Beobachtung, dass innenstadtgelegene Gebiete mit hohem Migrantenanteilen sich bis zu den Stadtr{\"a}ndern ausweiten, eine theoretische Begr{\"u}ndung.},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Wagner2002,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Wagner, Wolfgang},
  title     = {Subventionsabbau um jeden Preis?},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-13818},
  year      = {2002},
  abstract  = {In der aktuellen Politik ist seit Beginn der neuen Legislaturperiode Subventionsabbau Gegenstand der politischen Auseinandersetzung. Im Zusammenhang mit der so genannten {\"O}kosteuer ist Ende der 1990er Jahre schon einmal eine ausgiebige Diskussion {\"u}ber die Bedeutung von Subventionen im Transportsektor gef{\"u}hrt worden. Eine konsequente theoretische Abhandlung zu diesem Thema liefert dabei Br{\"o}cker (1998): Er ermittelt die Wirkungen von Subventionen f{\"u}r den Transportsektor im Rahmen eines r{\"a}umlichen Marktmodells und zeigt f{\"u}r eine spezifische Wettbewerbssituation, dass bei einer von mehreren m{\"o}glichen Preissetzungsstrategien Subventionen in einem bestimmten Ausmaß nicht nur die Wohlfahrt erh{\"o}hen, sondern dass das Ausmaß der wohlfahrtsmaximierenden Subventionen mit etwa 70 \% der entfernungsabh{\"a}ngigen Transportkosten durchaus ein hohes Niveau erreicht. In diesem Beitrag werden f{\"u}r eine andere Wettbewerbsform, n{\"a}mlich L{\"o}schwettbewerb, und drei verschiedene Preisstrategien sowohl kurzfristige als langfristige Wohlfahrtseffekte von Subventionen analysiert. Dabei zeigt sich, dass eine kurzfristige Wohlfahrtsmaximierung langfristig die Wohlfahrt sogar mindern kann, w{\"a}hrend langfristig optimale Subventionen von Fixkosten bestimmt werden.},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Wagner2004,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Wagner, Wolfgang},
  title     = {Der r{\"a}umliche Wohnungsmarkt als lokales Mehrproduktmonopol},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-14125},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {In diesem Beitrag wird das optimale Angebot f{\"u}r einen Wohnungsmarkt bestimmt. Die Nachfrage wird daf{\"u}r aus einem offenen Modell der monozentrischen Stadt hergeleitet. Weiterhin wird davon ausgegangen, dass Wohnungen aufgrund der verschiedenen Standorte und aufgrund weiterer diskreter Wohnungsmerkmale heterogen sind. Der Wohnungsanbieter an einem Standort wird daher als Mehrproduktmonopolist aufgefasst. Als gewinnmaximale Angebotsstruktur zeigt sich, dass unter bestimmten Bedingungen Wohnungen gleichen Typs an verschiedenen Standorten gleich groß sind. Außerdem werden an den jeweiligen Standorten mehrere Wohnungstypen angeboten. Diese beiden Resultate stehen im deutlichen Gegensatz zu Modellen der Neuen Stadt{\"o}konomie, wonach an den Standorten jeweils nur ein Wohnungstyp angeboten wird, dessen Gr{\"o}ße zudem {\"u}ber die verschiedenen Standorte variiert.},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Wagner2004,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Wagner, Wolfgang},
  title     = {Spatial patterns of segregation},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-14153},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Usually, in monocentric city models, the spatial patterns of segregated ethnic groups are assumed to be ring-shaped, whereas in the 1930ies Hoyt showed that empirically wedge-shaped areas predominate. In contrast to Rose-Ackerman.s discussion of the in.uence within a ring-shaped pattern which the aversion which different households in the context of racism have, Yinger showed that, depending on the population mix, a wedge-shaped pattern may arise if it is border length which causes the spatial pattern. In this contribution, a simulation based on a monocentric city model with two or more different household groups is used to derive spatial patterns. Wedge-shaped segregation is shown to be the result of positive externalities among similar households. Differences between households only lead to ring-shaped patterns if the e\iect of a city center on spatial structure dominates neighborhood e\iects. If more than two groups of households are being considered, mixed patterns of concentric and wedge-shaped areas arise.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Wagner2004,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Wagner, Wolfgang},
  title     = {Optimal spatial patterns of two, three and four segregated household groups in a monocentric city},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-14165},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Usually, in monocentric city models the spatial patterns of segregated household groups are assumed to be ring-shaped, while early in the 1930ies Hoyt showed that wedge-shaped areas empirically predominate. This contribution presents a monocentric city model with different household groups generating positive externalities within the groups. At first, border length is founded as a criterion of optimality. Secondly, it is shown that mixed patterns of concentric and wedge-shaped areas represent multiple equilibria if more than two groups of households are being considered. The welfare optimal segregated pattern depends on the relative purchasing power of different household groups.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Wagner2003,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Wagner, Wolfgang},
  title     = {Simulation von sozialer Segregation im monozentrischen Stadtsystem},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-13971},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {Inhalt 1 Einleitung 2 Allokationsprozess 3 Spezifikationen 4 Ergebnisse 5 Sensitivit{\"a}tsanalyse 6 Schlussbemerkungen},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Wagner2003,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Wagner, Wolfgang},
  title     = {Mietpreisbindung f{\"u}r Wohnungen und ihre Wirkung auf die soziale Segregation},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-13996},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {Inhalt 1 Einf{\"u}hrung 2 Regulierung des Mietpreises f{\"u}r Wohnungen in Deutschland 3 Simulation der Wirkungen von Mietpreisregulierungen auf die soziale Segregation 3.1 Simulation der Segregation 3.2 Simulation von Mietpreisregulierungen 4 Schlussbemerkungen},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{VoethHerbstStief2015,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Voeth, Markus and Herbst, Uta and Stief, Sarah},
  title     = {Wie verhandelt die Praxis?},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-78759},
  year      = {2015},
  subject      = {Verhandlungsmanagement},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Verlaan2018,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Verlaan, Stephanie},
  title     = {Male victims of wartime sexual violence: an ignored phenomenon},
  series = {Staat, Recht und Politik - Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere},
  journal   = {Staat, Recht und Politik - Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere},
  number    = {6},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {2509-6974},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-412632},
  pages     = {13},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {The phenomenon of male-to-male sexual assault undoubtedly occurs, both in domestic and conflict contexts. There is a small but growing discourse supporting the analysis of this phenomenon, however it remains significantly limited and its growth disproportionate to the concerns it warrants. The international law, NGO and State actors are largely responsible for this inhibition, predominately attributable to their intent in preserving the feminist and patriarchal values on which their institutions are founded. The strength with which the feminist discourse has embedded itself into the agendas of relevant actors is obstructing attempts at unbiased analysis of gender-based violence and the development of a discourse dedicated to understanding male sexual assault. It appears to be a prevailing sector-wide perception that females are the only victims of sexual violence and that creating space for a discussion on male-sexual assault will detract worth from the feminist discourse on female sexual assault. This paper discusses the means in which the sectors ignorance towards male sexual assault manifests and the harmful implications of ignoring this phenomenon. The author uses contextual analyses from development, international law, and cultural examples.},
  subject      = {Geschlechterrolle},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{VasquezCarruthers2018,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Vasquez Carruthers, Juan Francisco},
  title     = {UNHCR and the European refugee crisis},
  series = {Staat, Recht und Politik - Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere},
  journal   = {Staat, Recht und Politik - Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere},
  number    = {5},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-410429},
  pages     = {16},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Since 2015, the European Union has struggled to deal with the influx of refugees coming into its territories. The number of institutions involved in designing a competent response approach, com-bined with the unilateral and uncoordinated state reactions, have left unclear where to look for when searching for answers and new alternatives. Can the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) take a leading role in solving this and future crises? After a brief recapitulation of the crisis, an analysis of UNHCR's statue, relationship to international law, and doctrine will put this question to the test while exploring options that are not only available but also feasible in a system where politics trump both legality and morality. If UNHCR is to play an active role in fu-ture refugee policies and become the lead agency it once was, a new daring and innovative approach has to emerge in order to readapt to the power relations that prevail in the twenty-first century.},
  subject      = {V{\"o}lkerrecht},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{UlfsteinZimmermann2018,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Ulfstein, Geir and Zimmermann, Andreas},
  title     = {Certiorari Through the Backdoor?},
  series = {KFG Working Paper Series},
  journal   = {KFG Working Paper Series},
  number    = {13},
  issn      = {2509-3770},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42205},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-422054},
  pages     = {21},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {In its Burmych and Others v. Ukraine judgment of October 2017 the European Court of Human Rights has dismissed more than 12.000 applications due to the fact that given that they were not only repetitive in nature, but also mutatis mutandis identical to applications covered by a previous pilot judgment rendered against Ukraine. This raises fundamental issues as to the role of the Court within the human rights protection system established by the ECHR, as well as those concerning the interrelationship between the Court and the Committee of Ministers.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Tuebbicke2020,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {T{\"u}bbicke, Stefan},
  title     = {Entropy Balancing for Continuous Treatments},
  series = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  journal   = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  number    = {21},
  issn      = {2628-653X},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-47895},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-478950},
  pages     = {32},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {Interest in evaluating the effects of continuous treatments has been on the rise recently. To facilitate the estimation of causal effects in this setting, the present paper introduces entropy balancing for continuous treatments (EBCT) by extending the original entropy balancing methodology of Hainm{\"u}ller (2012). In order to estimate balancing weights, the proposed approach solves a globally convex constrained optimization problem, allowing for much more computationally efficient implementation compared to other available methods. EBCT weights reliably eradicate Pearson correlations between covariates and the continuous treatment variable. This is the case even when other methods based on the generalized propensity score tend to yield insufficient balance due to strong selection into different treatment intensities. Moreover, the optimization procedure is more successful in avoiding extreme weights attached to a single unit. Extensive Monte-Carlo simulations show that treatment effect estimates using EBCT display similar or lower bias and uniformly lower root mean squared error. These properties make EBCT an attractive method for the evaluation of continuous treatments. Software implementation is available for Stata and R.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Strecker1999,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Strecker, Daniel},
  title     = {Forschungs- und Technologiepolitik im Standortwettbewerb},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-13576},
  year      = {1999},
  abstract  = {Inhaltsverzeichnis 1. Einf{\"u}hrung 1.1. Die Ausgangssituation 1.2. Maßnahmenbereiche der Forschungs- und Technologiepolitik 2. Grundlagen des Standortwettbewerbs 2.1. Standortwettbewerb als Kontrollmechanismus und Entdeckungsverfahren 2.2. Voraussetzungen des Standortwettbewerbs 2.3. Vermutetes Standortwettbewerbsversagen 3. Subventionswettl{\"a}ufe bei der anwendungsnahen Forschungsf{\"o}rderung 3.1. Subventionen als Wettbewerbsparameter 3.2. Notwendigkeit internationaler Vereinbarungen zur Begrenzung von Forschungs- und Entwicklungssubventionen 4. Grundlagenforschung im Standortwettbewerb 4.1. Grundlagenwissen und Forschungsinfrastruktur als Standortfaktoren 4.2. Kritische Anmerkungen 5. Zusammenfassung der Ergebnisse und Schlußfolgerungen},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{SteckelMissbachOhlendorfetal.2022,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Steckel, Jan Christoph and Missbach, Leonard and Ohlendorf, Nils and Feindt, Simon and Kalkuhl, Matthias},
  title     = {Effects of the energy price crisis on European households},
  publisher = {Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change (MCC) gGmbH},
  address   = {Berlin},
  pages     = {30},
  year      = {2022},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{SpaethGoller2023,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Sp{\"a}th, Maximilian and Goller, Daniel},
  title     = {Gender differences in investment reactions to irrelevant information},
  series = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  journal   = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  number    = {67},
  issn      = {2628-653X},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-60635},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-606351},
  pages     = {25, 4},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Economic agents often irrationally base their decision-making on irrelevant information. This research analyzes whether men and women react to futile information about past outcomes. For this purpose, we run a laboratory experiment (Study 1) and use field data (Study 2). In both studies, the behavior of men is consistent with falsely assumed negative autocorrelation, often referred to as gambler's fallacy Women's behavior aligns with falsely assumed positive autocorrelation, a notion of the hot hand fallacy. On the aggregate, the two fallacies cancel out. Even when individuals are, on average, rational, the biases in the decision-making of subgroups might cause inefficient outcomes. In a mediation analysis, we find that a) the agents stated perceived probabilities of future outcomes are not blurred by irrelevant information and b) about 40 \% of the observed biases are driven by differences in the perceived attractiveness of available choices caused by the irrelevant information.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Spaeth2021,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Sp{\"a}th, Maximilian},
  title     = {It's me again… Ask Avoidance and the Dynamics of Charitable Giving},
  series = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  journal   = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  number    = {38},
  issn      = {2628-653X},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-52099},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-520991},
  pages     = {25},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {Charities typically ask potential donors repeatedly for a donation. These repeated requests might trigger avoidance behavior. Considering that, this paper analyzes the impact of offering an ask avoidance option on charitable giving. In a proposed utility framework, the avoidance option decreases the social pressure to donate. At the same time, it induces feelings of gratitude toward the fundraiser, which may lead to a reciprocal increase in donations. The results of a lab experiment designed to disentangle the two channels show no negative impact of the option to avoid repeated asking on donations. Instead, the full model indicates a positive impact of the reciprocity channel. This finding suggests that it might be beneficial for charities to introduce an ask avoidance option during high-frequency fundraising campaigns.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{SondergeldWrohlich2023,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Sondergeld, Virginia and Wrohlich, Katharina},
  title     = {Women in management and the gender pay gap},
  series = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  journal   = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  number    = {66},
  issn      = {2628-653X},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-60581},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-605813},
  pages     = {31},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {We analyze the impact of women's managerial representation on the gender pay gap among employees on the establishment level using German Linked-Employer-Employee-Data from the years 2004 to 2018. For identification of a causal effect we employ a panel model with establishment fixed effects and industry-specific time dummies. Our results show that a higher share of women in management significantly reduces the gender pay gap within the firm. An increase in the share of women in first-level management e.g. from zero to above 33 percent decreases the adjusted gender pay gap from a baseline of 15 percent by 1.2 percentage points, i.e. to roughly 14 percent. The effect is stronger for women in second-level than first-level management, indicating that women managers with closer interactions with their subordinates have a higher impact on the gender pay gap than women on higher management levels. The results are similar for East and West Germany, despite the lower gender pay gap and more gender egalitarian social norms in East Germany. From a policy perspective, we conclude that increasing the number of women in management positions has the potential to reduce the gender pay gap to a limited extent. However, further policy measures will be needed in order to fully close the gender gap in pay.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Sobania2000,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Sobania, Katrin},
  title     = {Von Regulierungen zu Deregulierungen},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-13681},
  year      = {2000},
  abstract  = {Inhalt 1. Einleitung und Begriffskl{\"a}rung 2. Die Neue Institutionen{\"o}konomik als Grundlage der Analyse 3. Positive Theorie der Regulierung 3.1. Das Entscheidungsverhalten der Politiker 3.2. Der Einfluß von Interessengruppen 3.3. Der Einfluß der B{\"u}rokratie 3.4. Regulierungen zwischen Stabilit{\"a}t und Instabilit{\"a}t - eine dynamischeBetrachtung 4. Positive Analyse von Deregulierungen 4.1. Darstellung positiver Deregulierungsans{\"a}tze 4.1.1. BECKERs Modell des Interessengruppenwettbewerbs 4.1.2. PELTZMANs Deregulierungsansatz 4.1.3. NORTHs Theorie des institutionellen Wandels 4.2. Determinanten von Deregulierungsprozessen 4.2.1. Notwendige und hinreichende Voraussetzungen f{\"u}r Deregulierungen 4.2.2. Technologische Faktoren 4.2.2.1. Technologische Neuerungen und Deregulierungen(dargestellt am Beispiel der Deregulierung des US-amerikanischenFerngespr{\"a}chsbereichs) 4.2.2.2. Polit{\"o}konomische Analyse 4.2.3. {\"O}konomische Faktoren 4.2.3.1. Globalisierung und Systemwettbewerb 4.2.3.2. Polit{\"o}konomische Analyse 4.2.4. Politische Faktoren 4.2.4.1. Europ{\"a}ische Integration und Deregulierungen 4.2.4.2. Polit{\"o}konomische Analyse 4.2.4.2.1. Die Europ{\"a}ische Kommission 4.2.4.2.2. Der Rat der EU (Ministerrat) 4.2.4.2.3. Das Europ{\"a}ische Parlament 4.2.4.2.4. Nationale Regierungen und Kompetenzverlagerungen 4.2.4.2.5. Der Europ{\"a}ische Gerichtshof 4.2.4.2.6. Organisierte Interessen 4.2.4.2.7. Fazit 5. Abschließende Bemerkungen},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{SchoelerWagner2003,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Sch{\"o}ler, Klaus and Wagner, Wolfgang},
  title     = {Freizeitbewertung und st{\"a}dtische Bev{\"o}lkerungsverteilung},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-13868},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {In diesem Beitrag untersuchen wir den Einfluß einer sozio{\"o}konomischen Variablen -- die Wertsch{\"a}tzung der Freizeit durch die Haushalte -- auf das innerst{\"a}dtische Siedlungsverhalten. Die Diskussion dieser Variablen soll zun{\"a}chst im Rahmen eines Standardmodells der Stadt{\"o}konomie erfolgen. Dabei zeigt sich ein eindeutiges Ergebnis: Jene Haushalte, f{\"u}r die die Freizeit einen hohen Nutzen stiftet, siedeln sich am Stadtzentrum an. Danach wenden wir uns der Empirie zu. Am Beispiel Potsdams soll das tats{\"a}chliche Siedlungsverhalten der Haushalte aufgezeigt werden. Der Vergleich der Modellergebnisse mit den empirischen Befunden verdeutlicht zum einen, daß die Modelle vermutlich wesentliche Einflußgr{\"o}ßen, die das Siedlungsverhalten bestimmen, nicht erfassen. Zum anderen zeigen die empirischen Ergebnisse die große Bedeutung der singul{\"a}ren, einer allgemeinen Theorie prinzipiell nicht zug{\"a}nglichen Einfl{\"u}sse auf die Zusammensetzung und Verteilung der Wohnbev{\"o}lkerung.},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Schoeler2007,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Sch{\"o}ler, Klaus},
  title     = {Gibt es eine optimale Stadtgr{\"o}ße?},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-16179},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {Aus der Einf{\"u}hrung: Betrachtet man Gr{\"o}ße und Funktionsf{\"a}higkeit von St{\"a}dten weltweit, so scheint der Eindruck unabwendbar, daß es einerseits St{\"a}dte gibt, die {\"u}ber das Maß einer organisierbaren urbanen Einheit hinausgewachsen sind (Megacities) und andererseits kleine St{\"a}dte existieren, die nicht in der Lage sind, ihren Einwohnern in einem notwendigen Umfang Dienste zur Verf{\"u}gung zu stellen. Diese {\"U}berlegung wird vielfach unterst{\"u}tzt durch die Tatsache, daß die Megacity gr{\"o}ßer ist, als sie aufgrund ihres Bedeutungs{\"u}berschusses in einem hierarchischen St{\"a}dtesystem im Sinne Christallers sein m{\"u}ßte. F{\"u}r kleine St{\"a}dte in einem d{\"u}nn besiedelten Umland ergibt sich das Problem, daß es f{\"u}r bestimmte private Dienste und {\"o}ffentliche Leistungen technisch bedingte Mindestmengen der Produktion gibt (z. B. Feuerwehr, Medizintechnik, Ausbildungsst{\"a}tten etc.), die Nachfrage aus Stadt und Umland aber kleiner ist und aus diesem Grund das Angebot fehlt. Die betriebswirtschaftliche Entscheidung, die entsprechenden Dienste nicht anzubieten, kann zu gesamtwirtschaftlichen Wohlfahrtsverlusten f{\"u}hren, die aus den weitr{\"a}umigen Beschaffungsfahrten der Haushalte resultieren. Wenn es nun einerseits St{\"a}dte gibt, die zu groß sind und andererseits St{\"a}dte existieren, die offenbar zu klein sind, so stellt sich die Frage, ob es eine optimale Stadtgr{\"o}ße gibt. Diese Frage k{\"o}nnte in eine weitere {\"u}bertragen werden: Gibt es eine - m{\"o}glicherweise von Christaller abweichende - optimale St{\"a}dtehierarchie? Die Antworten auf die Fragen k{\"o}nnen von verschiedenen Disziplinen gegeben werden, sowohl die Stadtsoziologie als auch die Stadtplanung kann Beitr{\"a}ge liefern; in den nachfolgenden {\"U}berlegungen sollen wirtschaftliche Gesichtspunkte im Zentrum einer raumwirtschaftlichen und stadt{\"o}konomischen Analyse stehen.},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Schoeler2006,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Sch{\"o}ler, Klaus},
  title     = {Transformationsprozesse und Neue {\"O}konomische Geographie},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-51120},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {Inhalt 1. Einf{\"u}hrung 2. Numerisches Beispiel 3. Standardmodel der N{\"O}G 4. Zusammenfassung},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Schoeler1997,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Sch{\"o}ler, Klaus},
  title     = {{\"U}ber die Notwendigkeit der Regional{\"o}konomik},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-13558},
  year      = {1997},
  abstract  = {Inhalt - Einf{\"u}hrung - Grundlagen der Regional{\"o}konomik - Beitrag der Regional{\"o}konomik zur {\"o}konomischen Theorie - Aktuelle Probleme und Schlußbetrachtung},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Schoeler1999,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Sch{\"o}ler, Klaus},
  title     = {Internationaler Handel und r{\"a}umliche M{\"a}rkte},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-13567},
  year      = {1999},
  abstract  = {Contents - Introduction - Free trade in a spatial market - Tariff policy in a spatial market - Non-tariff barriers to trade in a spatial market - Conclusion},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Schoeler1999,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Sch{\"o}ler, Klaus},
  title     = {Wohlfahrt und internationaler Handel in einem Modell der r{\"a}umlichen Preistheorie},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-13590},
  year      = {1999},
  abstract  = {Contents - Introduction - Free Trade - Optimal Tariff - Import Quota - Comparison of results},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Schoeler2000,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Sch{\"o}ler, Klaus},
  title     = {Regional market areas at the EU border},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-13647},
  year      = {2000},
  abstract  = {Contens - Introduction - Modell with Trade Policy - Some Numerical Results - Conclusions},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Schoeler2001,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Sch{\"o}ler, Klaus},
  title     = {Zweistufige M{\"a}rkte bei zweidimensionaler r{\"a}umlicher Verteilung der Nachfrage},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-13713},
  year      = {2001},
  abstract  = {Inhalt 1. Einleitung 2. Grundlagen zweistufiger zweidimensionaler Marktmodelle 3. Darstellung der Modelle 4. Vergleich der Marktergebnisse 5. Schlussbetrachtung},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Schoeler2012,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Sch{\"o}ler, Klaus},
  title     = {Irrwege der Klimapolitik},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-63668},
  year      = {2012},
  abstract  = {Inhalt I. Einleitung II. Es gibt kein Normalklima III. Folgen des Klimawandel IV. Folgen der Klimapolitik V. Schlußfolgerungen},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Schoeler2009,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Sch{\"o}ler, Klaus},
  title     = {Ein einfaches Modell zur optimalen Stadtgr{\"o}ße},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-37370},
  year      = {2009},
  abstract  = {In diesem Beitrag wird versucht, die optimale Gr{\"o}ße einer Stadt, gemessen an der Einwohnerzahl, aus dem Entscheidungsverhalten der Haushalte zu bestimmen. Zun{\"a}chst wird dargelegt, warum die von Christaller eingef{\"u}hrten und begr{\"u}ndeten Hierarchien der St{\"a}dte und Stadtgr{\"o}ßen sich sowohl einer dynamischen Betrachtung als auch einer Bestimmung des Bev{\"o}lkerungsumfanges der St{\"a}dte einer Hierarchieebene entzieht. In dem sich anschließenden einfachen Modell wird aus der Nutzenfunktion eines repr{\"a}sentativen Haushaltes, in die auch der Umfang eines {\"o}ffentlichen Gutes eingeht, die damit verbundene nutzenmaximale Stadtgr{\"o}ße ermitteln. Unbeachtet in diesem Modell bleibt die Frage nach der geographischen Ausdehnung der Stadt, da die Bodenrente nicht in Abh{\"a}ngigkeit der Entfernung vom Zentrum modelliert wird.},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Schoeler2010,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Sch{\"o}ler, Klaus},
  title     = {Ersetzt die Neue {\"O}konomische Geographie Außenwirtschaftstheorie und Raumwirtschaftstheorie?},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-48104},
  year      = {2010},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Schoeler2011,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Sch{\"o}ler, Klaus},
  title     = {Stadtstruktur und Umwelt},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-52608},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {Inhalt 1. Einf{\"u}hrung 2. Suburbanisierung und Natur 3. Arbeiten und Wohnen 4. Verkehr und Klima 5. Klima und Politik 6. Fazit},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Schulze1999,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Schulze, Andreas},
  title     = {Die ordnungspolitische Problematik von Netzinfrastrukturen},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-13634},
  year      = {1999},
  abstract  = {Inhalt - Einf{\"u}hrung in die Netz{\"o}konomik - Theoretischer Bezugsrahmen zur normativen Analyse derMarkt- und Wettbewerbsverh{\"a}ltnisse in Netzindustrien - Institutionelle Arrangements der Marktorganisation von Netzen},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Schulze2003,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Schulze, Andreas},
  title     = {Liberalisierung und Re-regulierung von Netzindustrien},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-13847},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {Inhalt 1 Ziele der Liberalisierung von Netzindustrien:Privatisierung staatlicher Monopole und wettbewerbliche Markt{\"o}ffnung 2 Markt- und wettbewerbstheoretische Aspekte der Netzinfrastruktur 2.1 Netze als Teil der materiellen Infrastruktur 2.2 Netzinfrastruktur als {\"o}ffentliches Gut oderInstrument der Daseinsvorsorge? 2.3 Netze als nat{\"u}rliche Monopole? 2.3.1 Nutzenrelevante Netzeffekte 2.3.2 Kostenbestimmende Netzeffekte 2.3.3 Wettbewerbspotenziale trotz Wettbewerbsversagen 3 Wettbewerbs{\"o}konomische Implikationen f{\"u}r Netzindustrien 3.1 Vertikale Integration in Netzindustrien 3.1.1 Transaktionskosten versus vertikale Integration 3.1.2 Wettbewerbs{\"o}konomische Probleme 3.2 Netzzugangsmodelle 3.3 Institutionelle Ausgestaltung der Wettbewerbsaufsicht 4 Fazit},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Schulze2004,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Schulze, Andreas},
  title     = {Liberalisierungen in Netzindustrien aus polit-{\"o}konomischer Sicht},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-14147},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Inhalt 1 Politikzyklus als konzeptioneller Bezugsrahmen 2 {\"O}konomische Problematik von Netzindustrien und Liberalisierungsgr{\"u}nde 3 Privatisierung und Markt{\"o}ffnung als wirtschaftspolitische Aufgaben 4 Politisierung von Liberalisierungsinteressen 4.1 Politiker als Intermedi{\"a}re 4.2 Zielkonflikte und Interdependenzen mit anderen Politikfeldern 5 Rent-Seeking-Aktivit{\"a}ten in Netzindustrien 5.1 Der „Markt" f{\"u}r Rent-Seeking-Aktivit{\"a}ten 5.2 Der „Wettbewerb" von Interessengruppen 6 Administrative Umsetzung und Evaluierung von Liberalisierungen 7 Fazit},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Schulze2004,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Schulze, Andreas},
  title     = {Alternative Liberalisierungsans{\"a}tze in Netzindustrien},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-14068},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Inhalt 1 Einf{\"u}hrung und Grundlagen 1.1 Problemstellung und Vorgehensweise 1.2 Ordnungs{\"o}konomische Systematisierung 1.3 „Neue" Besonderheitenlehre f{\"u}r Netzindustrien 2 Ansatzpunkte zur Liberalisierung in Netzindustrien 2.1 Liberalisierung durch Privatisierung 2.1.1 Interdependenz von Privatisierung und Markt{\"o}ffnung 2.1.2 Privatisierungsstufen 2.2 Liberalisierung durch Deregulierung und Re-Regulierung 2.2.1 Abgrenzung des relevanten Marktes: Netzinfrastruktur versus Netzdienstleistungen 2.2.2 Lokalisierung und Kontrolle von Marktmacht bei Netzinfrastruktur 2.3 Modelle zur Gew{\"a}hrleistung eines diskriminierungsfreien Netzzugangs 2.3.1 Verhandelter Netzzugang mit Missbrauchsaufsicht im Sinne der Essential-Facilities-Doktrin 2.3.2 Staatliche Regulierung des Netzzugangs 2.4 Theorie der vertikalen (Des-)Integration 2.4.1 Allokativ-statische, wohlfahrts{\"o}konomische Analyse vertikaler Integration 2.4.2 Institutionen{\"o}konomische Analyse vertikaler Integration 2.4.3 Dynamische, wettbewerbs{\"o}konomische Analyse vertikaler Integration 2.4.4 Konsequenz: Vertikale Desintegration 3 Institutionelle Ausgestaltung der Wettbewerbsaufsicht 3.1 Systematisierung der Tr{\"a}ger und Kompetenzabgrenzung 3.2 Kriterien f{\"u}r eine effiziente Wettbewerbsaufsicht 4 Schlussfolgerungen und intersektoraler Vergleich des Liberalisierungsprozessesin Netzindustrien},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Schrauth2022,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Schrauth, Philipp},
  title     = {The Causal Effect of Cycling Infrastructure on Traffic and Accidents},
  series = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  journal   = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  number    = {48},
  issn      = {2628-653X},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-55335},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-553359},
  pages     = {56},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {This paper analyzes the effect of new bicycle lanes on traffic volume, congestion, and accidents. Crucially, the new bike lanes replace existing car lanes thereby reducing available space for motorized traffic. In order to obtain causal estimates, I exploit the quasi-random timing and location of the newly built cycle lanes. Using an event study design, a two-way fixed effects model and the synthetic control group method on geo-coded data, I show that the construction of pop-up bike lanes significantly reduced average car speed by 8 to 12 percentage points (p.p.) and up to 16 p.p. in peak traffic hours. In contrast, the results for car volume are modest, while the data does not allow for a conclusive judgment of accidents.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Schalowski2015,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Schalowski, S{\"o}ren},
  title     = {Wortstellungsvariation aus informationsstruktureller Perspektive},
  editor    = {Wiese, Heike and Freywald, Ulrike},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-80088},
  pages     = {83},
  year      = {2015},
  abstract  = {Die vorliegende Publikation umfasst einen Teil der Dissertation „Wortstellungsvariation aus informationsstruktureller Perspektive. Eine Untersuchung der linken Satzperipherie im gesprochenen Deutsch" von S{\"o}ren Schalowski. In diesen Kapiteln wird aus synchroner Perspektive auf die Wortstellungsvariation in der linken Satzperipherie, also die Besetzungs- und Linearisierungsvarianten der syntaktischen Dom{\"a}ne vor dem finiten Verb, genauer eingegangen. Dabei werden die f{\"u}r das Standarddeutsche bekannten und in der Literatur diskutierten (oberfl{\"a}chlichen) Abweichungen von der V2-Stellung in Aussages{\"a}tzen des Deutschen genauer diskutiert.},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Sanner2005,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Sanner, Helge},
  title     = {Price responses to market entry with and without endogenous product choice},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-14399},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {Textbook wisdom says that competition yields lower prices and higher consumer surplus than monopoly. We show in two versions of a simple location-product differentiation model with and without endogenous choice of products that these two results have to be qualified. In both models, more than half of the reasonable parameter values lead to higher prices with duopoly than with monopoly. If the product characteristics are exogenous to the firms, consumers may even be be better off with monopoly in average.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Sanner2005,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Sanner, Helge},
  title     = {Instability in competition},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-14299},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {In this paper we show that Puu (2002) does not provide a stable solution to the location game, according to his own definition of stability. If the usual two-stage game is considered, where in the first stage a location is chosen once and forever, and in the second stage prices are determined, the equilibrium proves stable for a sizeable interval of parameters, however. Even though this procedure is most common in analyzing Hotelling's location problem, it is not satisfying because it exhibits an inconsistent informational structure. The search for a better concept of stability is imperative.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Sanner2005,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Sanner, Helge},
  title     = {Bertrand Wettbewerb im Raum kann zu h{\"o}heren Preisen f{\"u}hren als ein Monopol},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-14251},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {In Mikro- und Industrie{\"o}konomik ist scheinbar gewiss, dassWettbewerb zu niedrigeren Preisen f{\"u}hrt und dass Konsumenten von Wettbewerb profitieren, w{\"a}hrend die etablierten Unternehmen einen Nachteil erleiden. Dieser Beitrag verwendet ein raumwirtschaftliches Standardmodell, um zu zeigen, dass dies nicht immer so sein muss. Der Grund ist, dass durch den Marktzutritt gerade die Konsumenten, deren Preiselastizit{\"a}t am gr{\"o}ßten ist, von dem Unternehmen bei der Preisbildung nicht ber{\"u}cksichtigt werden.},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Sanner2001,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Sanner, Helge},
  title     = {Bargaining structure and regional unemployment insurance},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-13747},
  year      = {2001},
  abstract  = {This study examines how the size of trade unions relative to the la- bor force impacts on the desirability of different organizational forms of self-financing unemployment insurance (UI) for workers, firms, and with reference to an efficiency criterion. For this purpose, we respectively nu- merically compare the outcome of a model with a uniform payroll tax to a model where workers pay taxes according to their systematic risk of unemployment. Our results highlight the importance of the bargaining structure for the assessment of a particular UI scheme. Most importantly, it depends on the size of the unions whether efficiency favors a uniform or a differentiated UI scheme.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Sanner2001,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Sanner, Helge},
  title     = {Regional unemployment insurance},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-13705},
  year      = {2001},
  abstract  = {We examine the effects of regionalising the budget of unemployment insurance (UI) on wages, employment, and on UI parameters, which, for their part, determine the agents' preferences concerning such a reform. A numerical example shows that, under reasonable assumptions, the intuition that the reform would enhance efficiency and improve the economic situation of agents from the low- unemployment region to the disadvantage of agents from the high- unemployment region is not valid in general.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Sanner2001,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Sanner, Helge},
  title     = {Endogenous unemployment insurance and regionalisation},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-13761},
  year      = {2001},
  abstract  = {Our analysis is concerned with the impact of a regionalisation of unemployment insurance (UI) on workers' preferences, on firms' profits, and on effciency. The existence and the extent of UI are endogenously derived by maximising an objective function of the state. Three different types of regionalisation are considered which differ with respect to the area the UI objective function is related to, and with respect to the policy variable used to maximise it. It comes to light that workers are always in favour of central UI, while it depends on the type of regionalisation whether or not firms are better off with regional or with central UI. The same somewhat surprising result applies for efficiency.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Sanner2004,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Sanner, Helge},
  title     = {Economy vs. history},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-14134},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {The aim of this study is to examine in which cases economic forces or historical singularities prevail in the determination of the long-run distribution of firms. We develop a relatively general model of heterogenous firms' location choice in discrete space. The main force towards an agglomerated structure is the reduction of transaction costs for consumers if firms are located closely, whilst competition and transport costs work towards a more disperse structure. We then assess the importance of the initial conditions by simulating and comparing the resulting distribution of firms for identical economic parameters but varying initial settings. If the equilibrium distributions of firms are similar we conclude that economic forces have prevailed, while differences in the resulting distributions indicate that 'history' is more important. The (dis)similarity of distributions of firms is calculated by means of a measure, which exhibits a number of desirable features.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Sanner2003,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Sanner, Helge},
  title     = {Imperfect goods and labor markets, and the union wage gap},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-13949},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {Existing theoretical literature fails to explain the differences between the pay of workers that are covered by union agreements and others who are not. This study aims at closing this gap by a single general- equilibrium approach that integrates a dual labor market and a two- sector product market. Our results suggest that the so­ called 'union wage gap' is largely determined by the degree of centralization of the bargains, and, to a somewhat lesser extent, by the expenditure share of the unionized sector's goods.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Sanner2003,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Sanner, Helge},
  title     = {Imperfect goods and labor markets, regulation, and spillover effects},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-13951},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {(De)regulatory interventions frequently have unintended cross- market effects, which may or may not be desirable. We assess the effects of three policies on aggregate variables, in particular real income, from a theoretical perspective. Our results suggest that instruments acting upon wages have only a weak impact on real income, whereas the distribution of income is affected strongly. In contrast, a policy that enhances product market competition is fostering real income, but also impacts strongly on union wages and the distribution of income.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Ruelicke2006,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {R{\"u}licke, Oliver},
  title     = {Staatliche Belastungen von Nutzfahrzeugen in Europa im Lichte der {\"o}kologischen Zielkonformit{\"a}t},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-9082},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {Inhalt: Abgaben auf Nutzfahrzeuge in Europa -Abgaben auf den Erwerb und das Inverkehrbringen: Zulassungssteuer, Zulassungsgeb{\"u}hren -Abgaben auf den Besitz: Kraftfahrzeugsteuer, Versicherungssteuer -Abgaben auf die Nutzung: Mineral{\"o}lsteuer, Straßenbenutzungsabgaben -Gesamtabgaben im europ{\"a}ischen Vergleich Anforderungen an {\"o}kologisch motivierte Abgaben im Verkehrssektor -Die Sonderstellung des Verkehrssektors: Verkehrsinfrastruktur als {\"o}ffentliches Gut, Bereitstellung von Straßeninfrastruktur als nat{\"u}rliches Monopol, das Ph{\"a}nomen externer Effekte -Kosten und Externalit{\"a}ten im Verkehrssektor: Infrastrukturkosten, Umweltkosten, Unfallkosten, Staukosten -Die Pigou-Steuer als "first best" L{\"o}sung -Anwendbarkeit der Pigou-Steuer im Straßeng{\"u}terverkehr: Abgabenerhebung auf Grenzkostenbasis - pro und contra, Messbarkeit externer Effekte, Ausgestaltung einer Abgabe auf Grenzkostenbasis -Rechtlicher europ{\"a}ischer Rahmen: die Eurovignettenrichtlinie, Vorschlag zur {\"A}nderung der Eurovignettenrichtlinie, Bewertung der Eurovignettenrichtlinie und des {\"A}nderungsvorschlags Die {\"o}kologische Zielkonformit{\"a}t der bestehenden Abgabensysteme -Zulassungsabgaben -Kfz-Steuer: die {\"o}sterreichische Kraftfahrzeugsteuer, die Motorfahrzeugsteuern in der Schweiz, die deutsche Kfz-Steuer -Mineral{\"o}lsteuer -Straßenbenutzungsabgaben: die Lkw Maut in {\"O}sterreich, die leistungsabh{\"a}ngige Schwerverkehrsabgabe in der Schweiz, die deutsche Lkw Maut, Vergleich der entfernungsabh{\"a}ngigen Straßenbenutzungsabgaben},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Reilich2011,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Reilich, Julia},
  title     = {Returns to education and smoking},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-53883},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {Looking at smoking-behavior it can be shown that there are differences concerning the time-preference-rate. Therefore this has an effect on the optimal schooling decision in the way that we appear a lower average human capital level for smokers. According to a higher time-preference-rate additionally we suppose a higher return to education for smokers who go further on education. With our empirical findings we can confirm the presumptions. We use interactions-terms to regress the average rate of return with IV. Therefore we obtain that smokers have a significantly higher average return to education than non-smokers.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Protze2022,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Protze, Valentin},
  title     = {Zur v{\"o}lkerstrafrechtlichen Bewertung rein st{\"o}render Cyberoperationen},
  series = {Staat, Recht und Politik - Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere},
  journal   = {Staat, Recht und Politik - Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere},
  number    = {12},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {2509-6974},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-54331},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-543318},
  pages     = {19},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {This paper addresses the classification under international criminal law of purely disruptive, i.e. non-destructive, cyber operations. After the necessary clarification of terms, the individual questions of the applicability of international criminal law are discussed and it is examined which elements of crime can be realized by such actions.},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{PetersenKirchner2008,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Petersen, Hans-Georg and Kirchner, Markus},
  title     = {Education return and financing},
  issn      = {1864-1431},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-26969},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {The paper sheds some light on the education returns in Germany in the post war period. After describing higher education in Germany the current stand of higher education financing within the single states is presented. In six states tuition fees will be introduced in 2007/08 and discussions are going on in even some more. In the second part of the paper an empirical analysis is done using longitudinal data from the German social pension system. The analysis over the whole lifecycle renders results which proof that the higher education advantages are quite remarkable and might be a justification for more intensified financing by tuition fees. But all this has to be embedded into an encompassing strategy of tax and social policy, especially to prevent a strengthened process of social selection, which would be counterproductive for an increased and highly qualified human capital in Germany.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Petersen2007,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Petersen, Hans-Georg},
  title     = {UWM/UP joint study program: experience, problems, and future perspectives},
  issn      = {1864-1431},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-16147},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {The paper describes the exchange program in between the University of Wisconsin/ Milwaukee and the University of Potsdam in the field of economics. It discusses in detail the development of the program, including the problems and challenges. Additionally a brief description of the curriculum is presented. Then the future possibilities of the Transatlantic Degree Program (TDP) are discussed and the influences and problems of the Bologna process analysed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Petersen2010,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Petersen, Hans-Georg},
  title     = {Steuern in Fragilen Staaten},
  series = {Finanzwissenschaftliche Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge},
  journal   = {Finanzwissenschaftliche Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge},
  number    = {61},
  issn      = {1864-1431},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-48465},
  pages     = {82},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {Fragile states are characterized by institutions which do not have the political will or ability to reduce poverty in the interests of their citizen, to establish basic social security, to promote a successful development process, and to guarantee security and human rights. The regional disintegration processes after the period of imperialism and the fall of the iron curtain have created many new states, which still are politically unstable and unable for a sustainable development. In the literature such states are describes as "weak", "failing or failed", "collapsed", "conflict or post-conflict" - dependant on the extent of the particular state failure. Several indicators try to describe such states and partly allow for projections of the future development. Then the role of taxation is discussed in detail before recommendations for the development cooperation are presented. Obviously taxation plays a key role for the democratization process in fragile states.},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Petersen2009,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Petersen, Hans-Georg},
  title     = {Festveranstaltung zur Verleihung der Ehrendoktorw{\"u}rde an Herrn Premierminister a.D. Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. mult. Marek Belka am 16. Juli 2008},
  series = {Finanzwissenschaftliche Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge},
  journal   = {Finanzwissenschaftliche Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge},
  number    = {59},
  issn      = {1864-1431},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-44682},
  pages     = {53},
  year      = {2009},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Petersen2006,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Petersen, Hans-Georg},
  title     = {Studiengeb{\"u}hren},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-9078},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {Inhalt: Grundsystematik und Kostenkomponenten der Hochschulbildung -Grundstruktur der Hochschulbildung -Kostenkomponenten eines Hochschulstudiums Status Quo der Finanzierung der Hochschulbildung in Deutschland Das Pro und Kontra der Geb{\"u}hrenl{\"o}sung Alternative Finanzierungsmodelle -Voll- oder Teilkostenfinanzierung -Staatliche und private Finanzierungsanteile -Pauschale oder differenzierte Kostenanlastung -Vor- oder nachgelagerte Studienfinanzierung: private Kreditfinanzierungsprogramme, staatliche Kreditfinanzierungsprogramme, nachgelagerte Finanzierungssysteme im Ausland Sind {\"A}nderungen in der Finanzierung notwendig und gerechtfertigt?},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Petersen2004,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Petersen, Hans-Georg},
  title     = {Systematic change instead of curing symptoms},
  series = {Finanzwissenschaftliche Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge},
  journal   = {Finanzwissenschaftliche Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge},
  number    = {45},
  issn      = {0948-7549},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-9004},
  pages     = {24},
  year      = {2004},
  abstract  = {Contents: Actors, Markets and Interest Groups in Health Services Private and Social Health Insurance in a Simple Model Misallocation and Malpractice in Social Health Care and Insurances -The UK Health Care System -The German Social Health Insurance System -Current Discussions: Intertemporal Perspective and Fundamental Change Interplay of Public and Private Health Insurance: Lessons for Countries in Transition Summary: The Necessary Steps to a Fundamental Reform},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Petersen2005,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Petersen, Hans-Georg},
  title     = {Konsumorientierte Besteuerung als Ansatz effizienter Besteuerung},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-9064},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {Inhalt: Effizienz und Leistungsf{\"a}higkeit in lebenszeitlicher Perspektive -Zum Zusammenhang von Einkommen, Konsum, Ersparnis und Verm{\"o}gen -Bemessungsgrundlagen der direkten Besteuerung -Lawinenwirkungen der traditionellen synthetischen Einkommensteuer -Kumulationswirkungen einer Mehrfachbelastung des Kapitaleinkommens Die Einfachsteuer als konsumorientierte Einkommensteuer Auswirkungen auf der Haushaltsebene Auswirkungen auf der Unternehmensebene},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Petersen2011,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Petersen, Hans-Georg},
  title     = {Income taxation and the choice of the tax rate schedule},
  series = {Finanzwissenschaftliche Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge},
  journal   = {Finanzwissenschaftliche Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge},
  number    = {62},
  issn      = {0948-7549},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-53924},
  pages     = {27},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {In the history of economic thoughts the problem of a "just" tax rate structure has played an important role. The paper reconsiders the discussions of the last two centuries and sheds additional light on the concrete tax schedules using the more recent methods of tax theory. Even if the substitution effects which play an important role in the theory of optimal taxation are neglected, the slope in the diminishing marginal utility of income causes tax rate structures reaching from accelerated progression to delayed regression. Interestingly the principle of equal relative sacrifice combined with a Bernoulli utility function yields a delayed progression, which is connected with a negative income tax.},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Petersen2011,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Petersen, Hans-Georg},
  title     = {Poverty, human capital, life-cycle and the tax and transfer bases},
  series = {Finanzwissenschaftliche Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge},
  journal   = {Finanzwissenschaftliche Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge},
  number    = {63},
  issn      = {1864-1431},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-53968},
  pages     = {24},
  year      = {2011},
  abstract  = {The paper is based on an individual life-cycle model, which describes the purely economic components of human capital. The present value of human capital is determined by all future income flows, which at the same time constitute the individual as well as the total tax base of a nation. Therefore, the income of the productive population determines the total tax revenue, which is spent for public goods (including education) and transfers (for poverty reduction). The efficient design of the education system (by private and public education investments) determines the quality of the human capital stock as well as the future gross income flows. The costs of public goods and the transfer expenditures have to be financed from the total tax revenue, which also affects the individual tax burden via the specific tax bases and tax rates. Especially the redistribution of income is connected with serious disincentives, influencing the preferences for work and leisure as well as for consumption and saving. An efficient tax and transfer system being accompanied by an education system financed in public private partnership, which treats equally labor and capital income, sets positive incentives for the formation of human, financial, and real capital. An important prerequisite for a sustainable growth process is the efficient design of the social security system, being based on the family as well as a collective risk equalization scheme. If that system is diminishing absolute poverty in an appropriate time period by transfers and vocational education measures for the grown-up as well as high quality primary, secondary and tertiary education programs for the children, the transfer expenditure would decrease and the tax bases (income and consumption) increase, lowering the burden on the productive population. For the first time, this micro model presented in this paper pools all the relevant variables for development within a simple life-cycle model, which can also be used for a powerful analysis of the current failures in existing tax and transfer schemes and fruitful empirical investigations. Hence, an efficient tax and transfer scheme strongly contributes to an improved national position in the global competition.},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Petersen2008,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Petersen, Hans-Georg},
  title     = {Integration, decentralization, taxation, and revenue sharing},
  series = {Finanzwissenschaftliche Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge},
  journal   = {Finanzwissenschaftliche Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge},
  number    = {57},
  issn      = {1864-1431},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27367},
  pages     = {41},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {The paper tries to shed some light on the problems of centralization and decentralization within an economic union and the federal member states. Integration and decentralization are not opposite policy strategies but both meaningful if the single public goods and services supplies are analyzed in more detail. Both strategies doubtlessly have advantages, which can be realized if the manifold possibilities are combined in an efficient approach of good governance. Best practice approaches in inter- or supra-national integration, fiscal federalism and taxation do exist and have to be successfully implemented. Obviously such a modern fiscal policy has to be accompanied by an appropriate monetary policy, which in an economic union has to be carried out by an independent central bank as one of the necessary countervailing powers in a democratic setting. A modern fiscal policy strategy efficiently controls budget deficits, which naturally have to be limited to finance reliable public investments. Such strategy has to be safeguarded through modern methods of budgeting and fiscal planning. Modern public management with a clear code of conduct for the government officials ensures corruption free administration.},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Petersen2008,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Petersen, Hans-Georg},
  title     = {Mobilisierung alternativer Finanzressourcen},
  series = {Finanzwissenschaftliche Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge},
  journal   = {Finanzwissenschaftliche Diskussionsbeitr{\"a}ge},
  number    = {58},
  issn      = {1864-1431},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27374},
  pages     = {34},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {Der vorgestellte Beitrag gibt einen {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber die gegenw{\"a}rtige Hochschulfinanzierung in Deutschland; k{\"u}rzlich haben einige Bundesl{\"a}nder Studiengeb{\"u}hren eingef{\"u}hrt, die zu einer teilweisen Finanzierung der Studienkosten beitragen sollen. Im II. Kapitel werden außerdem kurz die finanziellen Strukturen der terti{\"a}ren Ausbildung in den OECD-L{\"a}ndern beschrieben. Dabei geht es vor allem um die Kostenaufteilung zwischen {\"o}ffentlichem und privatem Sektor. Im III. Kapitel werden dann die Verteilungswirkungen des gegenw{\"a}rtigen Finanzierungssystems kritisch hinterfragt. Dabei wird auch auf den Lebenseinkommensvorteil einer Hochschulausbildung im Detail eingegangen, bevor dann m{\"o}gliche Auswirkungen einer Geb{\"u}hrenfinanzierung diskutiert werden. Es wird deutlich hervor gehoben, dass die Einf{\"u}hrung von Studiengeb{\"u}hren in eine umfassende hochschul- und bildungspolitische Strategie eingebettet sein muss, damit eine negative Selektionswirkung auf die Jugendlichen aus Haushalten mit prek{\"a}ren Einkommen vermieden wird.},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Obst2022,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Obst, Cosima},
  title     = {Job Satisfaction and Training Investments},
  series = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  journal   = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  number    = {47},
  issn      = {2628-653X},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-54912},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-549124},
  pages     = {46},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Job satisfaction has been found to impact behavioral choices at the workplace. Since levels of satisfaction are not guaranteed to remain high, understanding the consequences of job dissatisfaction is essential. Hence, I analyze the relationship between a worker's job satisfaction and her training investments. Based on my theoretical model, I expect a U-shaped relationship if dissatisfied workers attempt to improve the situation or plan to quit. In contrast, there is an overall positive relationship if dissatisfied workers neglect their duties. Using logit regressions with the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey I find tentative evidence that there is on average an overall positive relationship with a 1 standard deviation increase in job satisfaction being associated with a 1.5\% increased likelihood of participating in training. A closer inspection of the reasons for training as well as quit intentions reveals some hints of a U-shaped relationship. My results highlight the importance of considering the source of dissatisfaction as there are heterogeneous effects along different job satisfaction facets.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Nastasa2024,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Nastasa, Ruxandra},
  title     = {Germany and the EU's pursuit of gender equality in peace and security},
  series = {Staat, Recht und Politik - Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere},
  journal   = {Staat, Recht und Politik - Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere},
  number    = {16},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {2509-6974},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-62850},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-628501},
  pages     = {15},
  year      = {2024},
  abstract  = {The Women, Peace and Security Agenda (WPSA) is an international framework addressing the disproportionate impact of armed conflict on women and girls and promoting their meaningful participation in peacebuilding efforts. The Security Council called on Member States to develop National Action Plans (NAPs) to operationalize the four pillars of the Agenda. This study looks at the relevant steps undertaken by both Germany and the European Union. The author calls for improvements on either level and makes four recommendations.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Mougeolle2018,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Mougeolle, Paul},
  title     = {Due diligence von Staaten und Unternehmen bez{\"u}glich des Menschenrechts- und Umweltschutzes},
  series = {Staat, Recht und Politik - Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere},
  journal   = {Staat, Recht und Politik - Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {2509-6974},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-405806},
  pages     = {13},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Dieses Promotionsvorhaben wird versuchen den Begriff der Due-Diligence im Rahmen des Menschenrechts- und Umweltschutzes weiterzuentwickeln. Dieser Terminus verweist auf einen vern{\"u}nftigen Verhaltensstandard und wird {\"o}fters zum Sch{\"a}digungsverbot in Verbindung gebracht. Ein bekanntes Synonym daf{\"u}r ist die „Sorgfaltspflicht". Nach dieser Norm m{\"u}ssen alle voraussehbaren Verletzungsrisiken (Personen-, Sach- und Umwelt) durch die Ergreifung von allen n{\"o}tigen und angemessenen Maßnahmen vorgebeugt werden (s. z.B. Trail-Smelter und Korfu-Kanal Entscheidung). Dieser Begriff wird gegenw{\"a}rtig weltweit verwendet um Globalisierungsprobleme zu adressieren, wie z.B. der mangelnde Klimaschutz oder die mangelnde Reglementierung von Transnationalen Unternehmen. Die Emergenz dieser offenen und allgemeinen Norm ist eindeutig und wird durch die Tatsache erleichtert, dass sie in viele Rechtssysteme vorhanden ist. Zum Beispiel, in dem bekannten Urgenda v. Holland Fall, fordert der Gerichtshof von Den Haag vom Staat eine angemessenere Aufsicht im Klimaschutz, da die urspr{\"u}nglichen Reduktionsziele von Treibhausgasemissionen nicht die wissenschaftlichen Anforderungen entsprachen. Dieser Fall hat viele andere Klagen inspiriert. Der franz{\"o}sische Gesetzgeber verpflichtet dar{\"u}ber hinaus seit kurzem mit dem Gesetz zur „devoir de vigilance" herrschende Unternehmen zur Ver{\"o}ffentlichung eines ‚Sorgfaltsplans', so dass die Auswirkungen des gesamten Unternehmens auf die Menschenrechte und die Umwelt effektiv vorgebeugt werden. Dieses Gesetz hat auch die letzten UN-Vertragsverhandlungen bzgl. Multinationalen Unternehmen gepr{\"a}gt. In Anbetracht dessen, wird diese rechtsvergleichende Studie die Verrechtlichung der Norm und ihre Verbreitung in anderen Rechtssysteme untersuchen, so dass der Menschenrechts- und Umweltschutz effektiv gew{\"a}hrleistet werden kann, auch wenn die Politik und Unternehmen es verhindern wollen.},
  subject      = {V{\"o}lkerrecht},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Merkert2005,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Merkert, Rico},
  title     = {Die Reorganisation und Zukunft des Eisenbahnwesens in Großbritanien},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-14284},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {Inhalt 1 Einleitung 2 Die Eisenbahnreform in Großbritaninien 2.1 Zum Bedarf einer Reorganisation von British Rail 2.2 Die Phase der Liberalisierung - Die Railtrack-{\"A}ra (1994 - 2001) 2.3 Die Problematik der Infrastrukturbetreiber 3 Das derzeitige britische Eisenbahnwesen 3.1 Die Hauptakteure und deren Beziehung zueinander 3.2 Die Marktstruktur des britischen Eisenbahnverkehrs 3.3 Das Marktverhalten der marktbeherrschenden Unternehmen 4 Die Performanceentwicklung des britischen Eisenbahnsystems seit dem Beginn der Bahnreform im Jahre 1994 4.1 Beschreibung der methodischen Herangehensweise 4.2 Die Entwicklung der Outout-IIndikatoren seit Beginn der Bahnreform 4.3 Die Entwicklung der Input-Indikatoren seit Beginn der Bahnreform 4.4 Ableitung eines Kosten-Nutzen-Trends seit Beginn der Bahnreform 5 Die aktuelle Reformpl{\"a}ne der britischen Regierung 6 Erfolgreiche Maßnahmen und Fehler der britischen Eisenbahnreform 7 Fazit},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Merkert2003,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Merkert, Rico},
  title     = {Die Liberalisierung des schwedischen Eisenbahnwesens},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-14047},
  year      = {2003},
  abstract  = {Inhalt 1 Einleitung 2 Theoretische Vor- und Nachteile vertikaler Trennung von Netz undTransportbetrieb 3 Ausgangslage in Schweden vor der Bahnreform 4 Ziele der schwedischen Eisenbahnreform 5 Maßnahmen der schwedischen Eisenbahnreform 6 Kritische W{\"u}rdigung der Reform 6.1 Marktstruktur des schwedischen Eisenbahnverkehrs 6.1.1 Hauptakteure und Eigentumsstruktur 6.1.2 Wettbewerbssituation im schwedischen Eisenbahnverkehr 6.1.3 Finanzierung des schwedischen Eisenbahnsystems 6.2 Marktverhalten der marktbeherrschenden Unternehmen 6.3 Performance des heutigen schwedischen Eisenbahnsystems 7 Fazit},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Mena2021,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Mena, Wogene Berhanu},
  title     = {Civilizational hexagon as a pathway to conflict management},
  series = {State, Law, and Politics - Research and Discussion Papers},
  journal   = {State, Law, and Politics - Research and Discussion Papers},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {2509-6974},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-51669},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-516695},
  pages     = {21},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {This paper examines the attempts of implement-ing components of the concept called Civiliza-tional Hexagon as a pathway to civilizing conflict in the Sub-Saharan Africa in the post-Cold War period. Despite significant decline in the violent conflict and substantial progress socio-economic aspects in the period, most states in the region have been facing challenges in their way to civilize conflict related to absence of inclusive political system, weak state unable to monopolize the use of violence in its territory, and social injustice. On the other hand, states like Botswana and Mauritius managed to civilize conflict through significant improvement in democratic consolidation. Besides their relative success in implementing six elements, these states enabled to integrate traditional institutions with modern state apparatus that helped them to fill the gap created as result of exogenous state formation process and the resulting unfinished nation-building project. Additionally, traditional institutions contributed to managing diversity.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{MatzatSchmeisser2023,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Matzat, Johannes and Schmeißer, Aiko},
  title     = {Do unions shape political ideologies at work?},
  series = {CESifo Working Paper},
  journal   = {CESifo Working Paper},
  number    = {10301},
  publisher = {CESifo GmbH (M{\"u}nchener Gesellschaft zur F{\"o}rderung der Wirtschaftswissenschaft)},
  address   = {M{\"u}nchen},
  issn      = {2364-1428},
  pages     = {61},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Labor unions' greatest potential for political influence likely arises from their direct connection to millions of individuals at the workplace. There, they may change the ideological positions of both unionizing workers and their non-unionizing management. In this paper, we analyze the workplace-level impact of unionization on workers' and managers' political campaign contributions over the 1980-2016 period in the United States. To do so, we link establishment-level union election data with transaction-level campaign contributions to federal and local candidates. In a difference-in-differences design that we validate with regression discontinuity tests and a novel instrumental variables approach, we find that unionization leads to a leftward shift of campaign contributions. Unionization increases the support for Democrats relative to Republicans not only among workers but also among managers, which speaks against an increase in political cleavages between the two groups. We provide evidence that our results are not driven by compositional changes of the workforce and are weaker in states with Right-to-Work laws where unions can invest fewer resources in political activities.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{MatthewesVentura2022,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Matthewes, S{\"o}nke Hendrik and Ventura, Guglielmo},
  title     = {On Track to Success?},
  series = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  journal   = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  number    = {58},
  issn      = {2628-653X},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-56725},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-567253},
  pages     = {70},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Many countries consider expanding vocational curricula in secondary education to boost skills and labour market outcomes among non-university-bound students. However, critics fear this could divert other students from more profitable academic education. We study labour market returns to vocational education in England, where until recently students chose between a vocational track, an academic track and quitting education at age 16. Identification is challenging because self-selection is strong and because students' next-best alternatives are unknown. Against this back- drop, we leverage multiple instrumental variables to estimate margin-specific treatment effects, i.e., causal returns to vocational education for students at the margin with academic education and, separately, for students at the margin with quitting education. Identification comes from variation in distance to the nearest vocational provider conditional on distance to the nearest academic provider (and vice-versa), while controlling for granular student, school and neighbourhood characteristics. The analysis is based on population-wide administrative education data linked to tax records. We find that the vast majority of marginal vocational students are indifferent be- tween vocational and academic education. For them, vocational enrolment substantially decreases earnings at age 30. This earnings penalty grows with age and is due to wages, not employment. However, consistent with comparative advantage, the penalty is smaller for students with higher revealed preferences for the vocational track. For the few students at the margin with no further education, we find merely tentative evidence of increased employment and earnings from vocational enrolment.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{MargaryanSaniterSchumannetal.2022,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Margaryan, Shushanik and Saniter, Nils and Schumann, Mathias and Siedler, Thomas},
  title     = {Do internships pay off?},
  series = {Journal of human resources},
  volume    = {57},
  journal   = {Journal of human resources},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {University of Wisconsin Press},
  address   = {Madison},
  issn      = {0022-166X},
  doi       = {10.3368/jhr.57.4.0418-9460R2},
  pages     = {1242 -- 1275},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {We study the causal effect of student internship experience in firms on earnings later in life. We use mandatory firm internships at German universities as an instrument for doing a firm internship while attending university. Employing longitudinal data from graduate surveys, we find positive and significant earnings returns of about 6 percent in both ordinary least squares (OLS) and instrumental variables (IV) regressions. The positive returns are particularly pronounced for individuals and areas of study that are characterized by a weak labor market orientation. The empirical findings show that graduates who completed a firm internship face a lower risk of unemployment during the first year of their careers, suggesting a smoother transition to the labor market.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{LudolphŠedova2021,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Ludolph, Lars and Šedov{\´a}, Barbora},
  title     = {Global food prices, local weather and migration in Sub-Saharan Africa},
  series = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  journal   = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  number    = {26},
  issn      = {2628-653X},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-49494},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-494946},
  pages     = {53},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {In this paper, we study the effect of exogenous global crop price changes on migration from agricultural and non-agricultural households in Sub-Saharan Africa. We show that, similar to the effect of positive local weather shocks, the effect of a locally-relevant global crop price increase on household out-migration depends on the initial household wealth. Higher international producer prices relax the budget constraint of poor agricultural households and facilitate migration. The order of magnitude of a standardized price effect is approx. one third of the standardized effect of a local weather shock. Unlike positive weather shocks, which mostly facilitate internal rural-urban migration, positive income shocks through rising producer prices only increase migration to neighboring African countries, likely due to the simultaneous decrease in real income in nearby urban areas. Finally, we show that while higher producer prices induce conflict, conflict does not play a role for the household decision to send a member as a labor migrant.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Lkhagvadorj2007,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Lkhagvadorj, Ariunaa},
  title     = {Status quo on fiscal decentralisation in Mongolia},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-16159},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {This paper gives a review on the theoretical foundation for fiscal decentralisation and a status quo analysis of the intergovernmental relations in Mongolia. It consists of two parts. Part I briefly reviews the theories of fiscal decentralisation and its impact on the nations' welfare considering the major challenges for a transition economy. Part II of the paper describes the general structure and scope of the government and examines the current fiscal autonomy in Mongolia focusing on the four main areas of intergovernmental relations. This paper concludes that local governments in Mongolia are still far away from having the political, administrative and fiscal autonomy. New approaches for the assignments of expenditures and revenues in Mongolia are urgently needed.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{LetsiouHaeuslerBeckenkampRoethlisberger2019,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Letsiou H{\"a}usler, Anna and Beckenkamp, Nicolas and R{\"o}thlisberger, Livia},
  title     = {New Dimensions of an Old Dilemma},
  series = {Staat, Recht und Politik - Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere},
  journal   = {Staat, Recht und Politik - Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere},
  number    = {7},
  editor    = {Weiß, Norman},
  publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam},
  address   = {Potsdam},
  issn      = {2509-6974},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42486},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-424869},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Unfolding the history of one of the oldest human val-ues, the freedom of expression, while defining its limits, is a complicated task. Does freedom stop where hate starts? This very old dilemma is -now more than ever before- revealing new dimensions. Politicians and new laws aim at regulating free expression, while disagree-ments over such regulation gradually become a source of endless conflict in newly formed multicultural, inter-connected, and digitized societies. The example of the Network Enforcement Act is used to understand the idea of restrictive legal practices in Germany, but also to enlighten the fact that law is a human construction which was created in order to regulate communication among individuals. Alternative practices, to straight legal ones, are summarized to show other dimensions of regulating hate speech without involving top-down approaches. The article proposes the approach of re-storative justice as a combination of legal and medita-tive practices in cases of hate speech. One advantage of the restorative justice approach elaborated in this arti-cle is the potential to remedy the inner hate and the pain, both of the victim and perpetrator. Finally, reveal-ing parts of history and new aspects of the 'hate speech-puzzle', leads to a questioning of contemporary social structures that possibly generate hate itself.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Lange2018,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Lange, Felix},
  title     = {Between Systematization and Expertise for Foreign Policy},
  series = {KFG Working Paper Series},
  journal   = {KFG Working Paper Series},
  number    = {8},
  issn      = {2509-3770},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42189},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-421895},
  pages     = {27},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {German international legal scholarship has been known for its practice-oriented, doctrinal approach to international law. On the basis of archival material, this article tracks how this methodological take on international law developed in Germany between the 1920s and the 1980s. In 1924, as a reaction to the establishment of judicial institutions in the Treaty of Versailles, the German Reich founded the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law. Director Viktor Bruns institutionalized the practice-oriented method to advance the idea of international law as a legal order as well as to safeguard the interests of the Weimar government before the various courts. Under National Socialism, members of the Institute provided legal justifications for Hitler's increasingly radical foreign policy. At the same time, some of them did not engage with v{\"o}lkisch-racist theories, but systematized the existing ius in bello. After 1945, Hermann Mosler, as director of the renamed Max Planck Institute, took the view that the practice-oriented approach was not as discredited as the more theoretical approach of v{\"o}lkisch international law. Furthermore, he regarded the method as a promising vehicle to support the policy of Westintegration of Konrad Adenauer. Also, he tried to promote the idea of 'international society as a legal community' by analysing international practice.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{KsollSchoeler2001,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Ksoll, Markus and Sch{\"o}ler, Klaus},
  title     = {Alternative Organisation zweistufiger Stromm{\"a}rkte},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-13779},
  year      = {2001},
  abstract  = {Inhalt 1 Einleitung 2 Annahmen und Ausgangsmodell 3 Common Carrier-Modell 4 Third Party Access-Modell 5 Vergleich der Marktergebnisse 6 Schlußbetrachtung},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{KritikosSchierschStiel2021,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Kritikos, Alexander and Schiersch, Alexander and Stiel, Caroline},
  title     = {The productivity puzzle in business services},
  series = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  journal   = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  number    = {37},
  issn      = {2628-653X},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-51453},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-514536},
  pages     = {37},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {In Germany, the productivity of professional services, a sector dominated by micro and small firms, declined by 40 percent between 1995 and 2014. This productivity decline also holds true for professional services in other European countries. Using a German firm-level dataset of 700,000 observations between 2003 and 2017, we analyze this largely uncovered phenomenon among professional services, the 4th largest sector in the EU15 business economy, which provide important intermediate services for the rest of the economy. We show that changes in the value chain explain about half of the decline and the increase in part-time employment is a further minor part of the decline. In contrast to expectations, the entry of micro and small firms, despite their lower productivity levels, is not responsible for the decline. We also cannot confirm the conjecture that weakening competition allows unproductive firms to remain in the market.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{KriegerZimmermann2018,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Krieger, Heike and Zimmermann, Andreas},
  title     = {Sentenza 238/2014 of the Italian Constitutional Court and the International Rule of Law},
  series = {KFG Working Paper Series},
  journal   = {KFG Working Paper Series},
  number    = {15},
  issn      = {2509-3770},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42214},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-422140},
  pages     = {30},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {The German-Italian dispute over the scope of sovereign immunities and claims of reparations for war crimes committed by German armed forces during World War II in Italy is in many ways specific and historically contingent. At the same time, it touches upon a number of fundamental challenges which the international community has to address in the interest of furthering the international rule of law. In this working paper both authors address the question whether the current law of sovereign immunities should be changed or interpreted in a manner as to allow for exceptions from State immunities in cases of grave violations of human rights. While the first part of the paper focusses on the perspective of general international law the second part addresses the question through the lense of European law. Both authors agree that unilateral efforts to push for what many consider a progressive development of international law actually may entail adverse effects for the international rule of law and thus may even contribute to a broader crisis of the international legal order.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{KriegerLiese2019,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Krieger, Heike and Liese, Andrea Margit},
  title     = {A Metamorphosis of International Law?},
  series = {KFG Working Paper Series},
  journal   = {KFG Working Paper Series},
  number    = {27},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-42608},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-426088},
  pages     = {26},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {The paper aims to lay out a framework for evaluating value shifts in the international legal order for the purposes of a forthcoming book. In view of current contestations it asks whether we are observing yet another period of norm change (Wandel) or even a more fundamental transformation of international law - a metamorphosis (Verwandlung). For this purpose it suggests to look into the mechanisms of how norms change from the perspective of legal and political science and also to approximate a reference point where change turns into metamorphosis. It submits that such a point may be reached where specific legally protected values are indeed changing (change of legal values) or where the very idea of protecting certain values through law is renounced (delegalizing of values). The paper discusses the benefits of such an interdisciplinary exchange and tries to identify differences and commonalities among both disciplinary perspectives.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{KneisSchoeler2002,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Kneis, Gert and Sch{\"o}ler, Klaus},
  title     = {Zur Begr{\"u}ndung der linearen Nachfragefunktion in der Haushaltstheorie},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-13805},
  year      = {2002},
  abstract  = {Inhalt 1 Einleitung 2 Ableitung einer linearen Nachfragefunktion 3 Entwicklung der zugeh{\"o}rigen Nutzenfunktion 3.1 Differentialgleichung der Nutzenfunktion 3.2 Allgemeine L{\"o}sung f{\"u}r spezielle Parameterwerte 3.3 Nutzenfunktion als L{\"o}sung einer Anfangswertaufgabe 4 Schlußbetrachtung 5 Zusammenfassung},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{KienbaumWuerflFavella2022,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Kienbaum, Janna and W{\"u}rfl, Katja and Favella, Gianpiero},
  title     = {Leitfaden f{\"u}r einen qualitativen Methoden- und Feldbericht},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.7247993},
  pages     = {12},
  year      = {2022},
  abstract  = {Der Leitfaden f{\"u}r einen qualitativen Methoden- und Feldbericht ist im Rahmen des DFG-Verbundprojektes "FDNext" (2020-2023) entstanden und dient als Orientierungshilfe f{\"u}r die Dokumentation erhobener Daten mit dem Schwerpunkt auf die qualitative Bildungsforschung.},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{KienbaumFischerPassmann2023,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Kienbaum, Janna and Fischer, Patryk and Passmann, Sven},
  title     = {Forschungsdatenmanagement bei personenbezogenen Daten},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.7428524},
  pages     = {18},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Das Dokument "Forschungsdatenmanagement bei personenbezogenen Daten - eine Handreichung" versammelt zentrale Inhalte, Verweise und Vorgehensweisen f{\"u}r Forscher*innen, die in einer Studie personenbezogene Daten erheben und diese verarbeiten, archivieren oder ver{\"o}ffentlichen wollen. Die Handreichung verweist an den entsprechenden Abschnitten auf weiterf{\"u}hrende Materialien wie insbesondere die Handreichung „Datenschutz" des Rats f{\"u}r die Sozial-, Verhaltens-, Bildungs- und Wirtschaftswissenschaften (RatSWD).},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{KellnerAmbergBergmannetal.2022,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Kellner, Maximilian and Amberg, Maximilian and Bergmann, Tobias and Roolfs, Christina and Kalkuhl, Matthias},
  title     = {Entlastungspakete f{\"u}r Energiepreisanstiege},
  publisher = {Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change (MCC) gGmbH},
  address   = {Berlin},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.6617130},
  pages     = {23},
  year      = {2022},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Kauffmann2007,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Kauffmann, Albrecht},
  title     = {Transport costs and the size of cities},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-16202},
  year      = {2007},
  abstract  = {Real costs of freight transportation have strong increased in Russia particularly during the period of price liberalization 1992-93. This paper investigates possible connections between rising transport costs and the evolution of the size structure of the system of cities in the Russian Federation and its federal subjects. Empirical findings suggest that under conditions of a closed system agglomeration processes according to the predictions of the model of Tabuchi et al. (2005) would have taken place especially in the periphere regions of the North and Far East.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Kauffmann2005,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Kauffmann, Albrecht},
  title     = {Structural change during transition},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-14304},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {This paper analyses the structural change in Russia during the transition from the planned to a market economy. With regard to the famous three sector hypothesis, broad economic sectors were formed as required by this theory. The computation of their shares at GNP at market prices using Input-Output tables, and the adjustment of results from distortions, generated as side effects of tax avoidance practices, shows results that clearly reject claims that Russia would be on the road to a post-industrial service economy. Instead, at least until 2001, a tendency of "primarisation" could be observed, that presents Russia closer to less-developed countries.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{Kauffmann2008,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Kauffmann, Albrecht},
  title     = {Im Zentrum Europas},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27381},
  year      = {2008},
  abstract  = {European integration provokes competition between the European metropolitan areas. At the same time, the question at which locations services of highest centrality are produced remains open. The paper analyses how far the German capital Berlin accepts the challenge to accomodate headquarters of multinational firms. Our investigation shows that Berlin's qualifications to attract headquarters are quite well. The number of headquarters residing in Berlin has increased subtly but contiuous during the last 15 years. One advantage could be the spatial proximity to the Eastern European markets.},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{KalkuhlFranksGruneretal.2023,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Kalkuhl, Matthias and Franks, Max and Gruner, Friedemann and Lessmann, Kai and Edenhofer, Ottmar},
  title     = {Pigou's Advice and Sisyphus' Warning},
  series = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  journal   = {CEPA Discussion Papers},
  number    = {62},
  issn      = {2628-653X},
  doi       = {10.25932/publishup-57588},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-575882},
  pages     = {66},
  year      = {2023},
  abstract  = {Carbon dioxide removal from the atmosphere is becoming an important option to achieve net zero climate targets. This paper develops a welfare and public economics perspective on optimal policies for carbon removal and storage in non-permanent sinks like forests, soil, oceans, wood products or chemical products. We derive a new metric for the valuation of non-permanent carbon storage, the social cost of carbon removal (SCC-R), which embeds also the conventional social cost of carbon emissions. We show that the contribution of CDR is to create new carbon sinks that should be used to reduce transition costs, even if the stored carbon is released to the atmosphere eventually. Importantly, CDR does not raise the ambition of optimal temperature levels unless initial atmospheric carbon stocks are excessively high. For high initial atmospheric carbon stocks, CDR allows to reduce the optimal temperature below initial levels. Finally, we characterize three different policy regimes that ensure an optimal deployment of carbon removal: downstream carbon pricing, upstream carbon pricing, and carbon storage pricing. The policy regimes differ in their informational and institutional requirements regarding monitoring, liability and financing.},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{KalkuhlFlachslandKnopfetal.2022,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Kalkuhl, Matthias and Flachsland, Christian and Knopf, Brigitte and Amberg, Maximilian and Bergmann, Tobias and Kellner, Maximilian and St{\"u}ber, Sophia and Haywood, Luke and Roolfs, Christina and Edenhofer, Ottmar},
  title     = {Effects of the energy price crisis on households in Germany},
  publisher = {Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change (MCC) gGmbH},
  address   = {Berlin},
  pages     = {35},
  year      = {2022},
  language  = {en}
}
@techreport{KalkuhlFlachslandKnopfetal.2022,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Kalkuhl, Matthias and Flachsland, Christian and Knopf, Brigitte and Amberg, Maximilian and Bergmann, Tobias and Kellner, Maximilian and St{\"u}ber, Sophia and Haywood, Luke and Roolfs, Christina and Edenhofer, Ottmar},
  title     = {Auswirkungen der Energiepreiskrise auf Haushalte in Deutschland},
  publisher = {Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change (MCC) gGmbH},
  address   = {Berlin},
  pages     = {37},
  year      = {2022},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{KalkuhlAmbergBergmannetal.2022,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Kalkuhl, Matthias and Amberg, Maximilian and Bergmann, Tobias and Knopf, Brigitte and Edenhofer, Ottmar},
  title     = {Gaspreisdeckel, Mehrwertsteuersenkung, Energiepauschale},
  publisher = {Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change (MCC) gGmbH},
  address   = {Berlin},
  pages     = {23},
  year      = {2022},
  language  = {de}
}
@techreport{Isele2001,
  type      = {Working Paper},
  author    = {Isele, Kathrin},
  title     = {Institutioneller Wettbewerb und neoklassische Modelle},
  url       = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-13737},
  year      = {2001},
  abstract  = {Inhalt 1. Einleitung 2. Grundstruktur des institutionellen Wettbewerbs 2.1. Institutionen als Parameter institutionellen Wettbewerbs 2.2. Prozeß und Voraussetzungen des institutionellen Wettbewerbs 3. Neoklassische Modelle des institutionellen Wettbewerbs 3.1. Das Tiebout-Modell 3.1.1. Darstellung des Modells 3.1.2. Wirtschaftspolitischer Handlungsspielraum der Jurisdiktionen 3.2. Das MacDougall-Kemp-Modell 3.2.1. Darstellung des Modells 3.2.2. Wirtschaftspolitische Handlungsoptionen der Jurisdiktionen 4. Kritische W{\"u}rdigung neoklassischer Modelleinstitutionellen Wettbewerbs 4.1. Beurteilungskriterien f{\"u}r Modelle und Problematik vonIdealisierungen 4.2. Beurteilung des Tiebout-Modells 4.2.1. Empirische Evidenz 4.2.2. Modellkritik 4.3. Beurteilung des MacDougall-Kemp-Modells 4.3.1. Empirische {\"U}berpr{\"u}fung 4.3.2. Modellkritik 4.4. Vernachl{\"a}ssigung des politischen Wettbewerbs 5. Fazit: Neoklassische Modelle als normativeReferenzsysteme?},
  language  = {de}
}