@article{KayemWolthusenMeinel2018,
  author    = {Kayem, Anne Voluntas dei Massah and Wolthusen, Stephen D. and Meinel, Christoph},
  title     = {Power Systems},
  series = {Smart Micro-Grid Systems Security and Privacy},
  volume    = {71},
  journal   = {Smart Micro-Grid Systems Security and Privacy},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Dordrecht},
  isbn      = {978-3-319-91427-5},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-319-91427-5_1},
  pages     = {1 -- 8},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Studies indicate that reliable access to power is an important enabler for economic growth. To this end, modern energy management systems have seen a shift from reliance on time-consuming manual procedures, to highly automated management, with current energy provisioning systems being run as cyber-physical systems. Operating energy grids as a cyber-physical system offers the advantage of increased reliability and dependability, but also raises issues of security and privacy. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the contents of this book showing the interrelation between the topics of the chapters in terms of smart energy provisioning. We begin by discussing the concept of smart-grids in general, proceeding to narrow our focus to smart micro-grids in particular. Lossy networks also provide an interesting framework for enabling the implementation of smart micro-grids in remote/rural areas, where deploying standard smart grids is economically and structurally infeasible. To this end, we consider an architectural design for a smart micro-grid suited to low-processing capable devices. We model malicious behaviour, and propose mitigation measures based properties to distinguish normal from malicious behaviour.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KayemMeinelWolthusen2018,
  author    = {Kayem, Anne Voluntas dei Massah and Meinel, Christoph and Wolthusen, Stephen D.},
  title     = {A resilient smart micro-grid architecture for resource constrained environments},
  series = {Smart Micro-Grid Systems Security and Privacy},
  volume    = {71},
  journal   = {Smart Micro-Grid Systems Security and Privacy},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Dordrecht},
  isbn      = {978-3-319-91427-5},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-319-91427-5_5},
  pages     = {71 -- 101},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Resource constrained smart micro-grid architectures describe a class of smart micro-grid architectures that handle communications operations over a lossy network and depend on a distributed collection of power generation and storage units. Disadvantaged communities with no or intermittent access to national power networks can benefit from such a micro-grid model by using low cost communication devices to coordinate the power generation, consumption, and storage. Furthermore, this solution is both cost-effective and environmentally-friendly. One model for such micro-grids, is for users to agree to coordinate a power sharing scheme in which individual generator owners sell excess unused power to users wanting access to power. Since the micro-grid relies on distributed renewable energy generation sources which are variable and only partly predictable, coordinating micro-grid operations with distributed algorithms is necessity for grid stability. Grid stability is crucial in retaining user trust in the dependability of the micro-grid, and user participation in the power sharing scheme, because user withdrawals can cause the grid to breakdown which is undesirable. In this chapter, we present a distributed architecture for fair power distribution and billing on microgrids. The architecture is designed to operate efficiently over a lossy communication network, which is an advantage for disadvantaged communities. We build on the architecture to discuss grid coordination notably how tasks such as metering, power resource allocation, forecasting, and scheduling can be handled. All four tasks are managed by a feedback control loop that monitors the performance and behaviour of the micro-grid, and based on historical data makes decisions to ensure the smooth operation of the grid. Finally, since lossy networks are undependable, differentiating system failures from adversarial manipulations is an important consideration for grid stability. We therefore provide a characterisation of potential adversarial models and discuss possible mitigation measures.},
  language  = {en}
}