@article{PieperWeheBornhorstetal.2014, author = {Pieper, Imke and Wehe, Christoph A. and Bornhorst, Julia and Ebert, Franziska and Leffers, Larissa and Holtkamp, Michael and H{\"o}seler, Pia and Weber, Till and Mangerich, Aswin and B{\"u}rkle, Alexander and Karst, Uwe and Schwerdtle, Tanja}, title = {Mechanisms of Hg species induced toxicity in cultured human astrocytes}, series = {Metallomics}, volume = {2014}, journal = {Metallomics}, number = {6}, issn = {1756-591X}, doi = {10.1039/c3mt00337j}, pages = {662 -- 671}, year = {2014}, abstract = {The toxicologically most relevant mercury (Hg) species for human exposure is methylmercury (MeHg). Thiomersal is a common preservative used in some vaccine formulations. The aim of this study is to get further mechanistic insight into the yet not fully understood neurotoxic modes of action of organic Hg species. Mercury species investigated include MeHgCl and thiomersal. Additionally HgCl2 was studied, since in the brain mercuric Hg can be formed by dealkylation of the organic species. As a cellular system astrocytes were used. In vivo astrocytes provide the environment necessary for neuronal function. In the present study, cytotoxic effects of the respective mercuricals increased with rising alkylation level and correlated with their cellular bioavailability. Further experiments revealed for all species at subcytotoxic concentrations no induction of DNA strand breaks, whereas all species massively increased H2O2-induced DNA strand breaks. This co-genotoxic effect is likely due to a disturbance of the cellular DNA damage response. Thus, at nanomolar, sub-cytotoxic concentrations, all three mercury species strongly disturbed poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation, a signalling reaction induced by DNA strand breaks. Interestingly, the molecular mechanism behind this inhibition seems to be different for the species. Since chronic PARP-1 inhibition is also discussed to sacrifice neurogenesis and learning abilities, further experiments on neurons and in vivo studies could be helpful to clarify whether the inhibition of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation contributes to organic Hg induced neurotoxicity.}, language = {en} } @article{Aldrup2019, author = {Aldrup, Marit}, title = {Well let me put it uhm the other way around maybe'}, series = {Classroom discourse}, volume = {10}, journal = {Classroom discourse}, number = {1}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {1946-3014}, doi = {10.1080/19463014.2019.1567360}, pages = {46 -- 70}, year = {2019}, abstract = {This study is concerned with repair practices that a teacher and students employ to restore intersubjectivity when faced with interactional problems in a Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) classroom. Adopting a conversation analytic (CA) approach, it examines the interactional treatment of students' verbal and embodied trouble displays in a video-recorded, teacher-fronted geography lesson held in English at a German high school. At the same time, it explores to what extent the repair practices employed are fitted to this specific interactional context. The analysis shows that students' verbal trouble displays often result in extensive repair sequences, whereas students' embodied trouble displays are usually met with teacher self-repair in the transition space. In this way, the latter are resolved much earlier and more quickly. The study further reveals practices like reformulation and translation to be especially useful for repairing interactional problems in classrooms in which a foreign language is used as the medium of instruction. The findings may be of interest for prospective as well as practicing teachers in that they provide relevant insights into how interactional trouble can be successfully managed in (CLIL) classroom interaction.}, language = {en} } @article{Kuettner2019, author = {K{\"u}ttner, Uwe-Alexander}, title = {At the intersection of stance-management and repair}, series = {Gespr{\"a}chsforschung : Online-Zeitschrift zur verbalen Interaktion}, journal = {Gespr{\"a}chsforschung : Online-Zeitschrift zur verbalen Interaktion}, number = {20}, publisher = {Verlag f{\"u}r Gespr{\"a}chsforschung}, address = {Gleizendorf bei N{\"u}rnberg}, issn = {1617-1837}, pages = {115 -- 156}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Dieser Beitrag widmet sich der Verwendung eines spezifischen Typs meta-sprachlicher {\"A}ußerungen. Er untersucht wie SprecherInnen des Englischen meta-pragmatische Behauptungen, zuvor das „Gleiche" kommuniziert (‚gesagt' oder ‚gemeint') zu haben wie ihr Gespr{\"a}chspartner, verwenden. Mit Hilfe detaillierter sequenzieller Analysen wird gezeigt, dass diese Behauptungen oft verwendet werden, um disaffiliative Erwiderungen zu entkr{\"a}ften und somit aufkeimende Meinungsverschiedenheiten aufzul{\"o}sen. Neben der Beschreibung der Mechanismen, die dieser Praktik zu Grunde liegen, werden die verschiedenen verbalen, para- und non-verbalen Ressourcen, die bei der Verwendung dieser Praktik (teils variabel) zum Einsatz ge-bracht werden, inventarisiert. Abschließend wird das Verh{\"a}ltnis dieser Praktik zu anderen Gespr{\"a}chspraktiken diskutiert. Da sie grundlegend darauf fußt, dass ein Missverst{\"a}ndnis auf Seiten des Gegen{\"u}bers insinuiert wird, kann sie an der Schnittstelle von Praktiken zum Management von Einstellungen bzw. Haltungen und Reparaturen verortet werden.}, language = {en} }