TY  - JOUR
A1  - Entrich, Steve R.
T1  - The Decision for Shadow Education in Japan: Students' Choice or Parents' Pressure?
T2  - Social science Japan journal : an international journal of social science research on Japan
N2  - Following decision theory (Boudon, Raymond. 1974. Education, Opportunity, and Social Inequality: Changing Prospects in Western Society. New York: Wiley.), social origin strongly affects educational decisions, especially at transition points in educational attainment. In Japan, the fierce competition in gaining access to the next level of schooling intensifies the impact of educational decisions on students' future careers. In addition to selecting a certain school, families are forced to decide whether or not to invest in shadow education. Thus far, socioeconomic background and parents' educational aspirations, in conjunction with students' academic achievement, have been deemed influential to such decisions in Japan. The agency of the student is rarely even considered. Based on calculations from the 2011 Hyogo High School Students' (HHSS) survey, the theoretical approach presented in this article stresses the importance of acknowledging the existence of a multitude of actors involved in each phase of the decision-making process, including the students themselves, especially when explaining inequalities in modern societies.
KW  - shadow education
KW  - educational aspirations
KW  - decision theory
KW  - juku
KW  - Hyogo
Y1  - 2015
UR  - https://publishup.uni-potsdam.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/38844
SN  - 1369-1465
SN  - 1468-2680
VL  - 18
IS  - 2
SP  - 193
EP  - 216
PB  - Oxford Univ. Press
CY  - Oxford
ER  -